USA > Massachusetts > Worcester County > Hardwick > History of Hardwick, Massachusetts, with a genealogical register > Part 30
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John Watts
23 Aug. 11, 1864. 11th Infantry.
Stephen Wickizen
21 Sept. 8, 1864. 11th Infantry.
Head-stones are erected in the cemetery in memory of other soldiers, namely : -
Edgar J. Cummings, aged 20, died at Newbern, N. C., Jan. 14, 1863. Henry C. Granger, aged 22, killed at Williamsburg, Va., May 5, 1862. Asa G. Sturtevant, aged 27, died at New York, October 28, 1862. Dexter Z. Tinney, aged 33, killed at the Wilderness, May 6, 1864.
And the Town Records show that -
Orin C. Trow, aged 34, died at Washington, D. C., October 27, 1864.
There was an early organization of militia in Hardwick, first in a single company, afterwards in two, and during the Revolu- tionary period in three companies. About 1794 the number was
1 Anson S. Comee deserted, April 3, 1865.
2 Michael Cameron deserted, February 6, 1863.
8 Robert W. Davis was commissioned 1865. second lieutenant August 6, 1864.
4 Peter Grib deserted, May 14, 1864.
5 James B. Wade died in hospital, August 12, 1864.
6 James O. Mahoney deserted, May 1,
*
289
MILITARY HISTORY.
reduced to two, styled the South (or First) and North (or Sec- ond) Companies, divided by the road which afterwards became a turnpike. Before 1781 I have not found any record of election of officers, except by the town in 1774; but from other sources it is ascertained that the following persons held the office of captain as early as the dates affixed to their respective names : Joseph Allen, 1740 ; Benjamin Ruggles, 1747; Timothy Rug- gles,1 1754; Constant Merrick, 1755; Samuel Robinson, 1755; Paul Mandell,2 1755; Joseph Warner, 1758 ; William Paige, 1759 ; Ebenezer Cox, 1762; John Ruggles, 1771; Daniel Wheeler, 1771; Jonathan Warner,3 1774; Samuel Billings, 1774 ; Simeon Hazeltine, 1774; Stephen Rice,5 1775 ; Thomas Robinson, 1775; Timothy Paige,6 1776 ; Barnabas Sears,7 1776; Samuel Dexter, 1776; Daniel Warner, 1776; Josiah Locke, 1776 ; Edmund Hodges, 1777 ; Denison Robinson, 1778 ; Nathan . Leonard, 1778.
In 1781, after the adoption of the Constitution of Massachu- setts, the militia was reorganized, and a roster of officers was commenced ; from which it appears that Jonathan Warner was commissioned as one of the three major-generals in the Com- monwealth, June 28, 1781; and Timothy Paige as colonel of the Fourth Regiment in Worcester County, July 1, 1781 ; and, also, the following named officers of their respective com- panies : -
1 Timothy Ruggles was a captain long (Barre), Pequaog (Athol), Petersham, before he removed to Hardwick in 1754. New Braintree, Western (Warren), and Brookfield. Under date of "Rutland, April 10, 1759," Lieutenant-Colonel John Murray certified that several soldiers of Colonel Ruggles' regiment, in each of these towns, had enlisted for service in the Invasion of Canada. Mass. Arch., xcvii. 111. He enlisted a company in 1740 for service in the West Indies, consisting almost en- tirely of Indians, as appears by the muster roll still preserved in the Massachusetts Archives. He was duly commissioned captain ; but his company was disbanded because a larger number of companies had been organized than the exigency re- 2 Brigade major, March 13, 1778; styled colonel, November 17, 1774. quired, and thus escaped the destruction which befel almost all who embarked on 8 Colonel, 1774; brigadier-general, Feb- ruary 13, 1776; major-general, June 28, 1781. the expedition. It is not certainly known whether he commanded a company of militia in Hardwick; but it appears that 4 Afterwards major. he was not only colonel and brigadier- 5 Lieutenant-colonel, April 10, 1776. general in the army, but that he also 6 Colonel, July 1, 1781. commanded the regiment which embraced 7 Major and lieutenant-colonel in the regular army. Hardwick, Rutland, Rutland District 19
290
HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
NAMES.
2d Lieutenant.
1st Lieutenant.
Captain.
James Paige Isaac Fay
-
July 1, 1781.
Samuel Beals 1 John Hastings
July 1, 1781. -
-
July 1, 1781.
July 1, 1781. Jan. 17, 1784.
Edward Ruggles Benjamin Ruggles . Ephraim Pratt Joel Johnson
July 1, 1781. -
July 1, 1781.
July 1, 1781. -
Earl Flagg
July 1, 1781. -
-
-
May 23, 1783.
James Paige, Jr.2 Jabez Cobb
Timothy Paige, Jr. John Wheeler Samuel Whipple James Lawton .
May 23, 1783. Jan. 17, 1784. Jan. 17, 1784. -
Jan. 17, 1784.
Oct. 15, 1786.4
-
NAMES.
Ensign.
Lieutenant.
Captain.
John Raymond . John Jenney . Daniel Ruggles . Seth Hinkley, Jr.5 Moses Hunt . Isaac Stowell David Pratt Nathan Freeman Francis Jenks John Campbell . Charles Paige James Paige, 3d Timothy Billings 6 . Daniel Billings, Jr. . Jonathan Warner Samuel Dexter, Jr. . Barnabas Hinkley . Thomas Wheeler, Jr.7 William Walker
-
Sept. 16, 1788.
Sept. 1, 1789.
July 24, 1794.
July 2, 1792. July 2, 1792.
July 24, 1794.
June 14, 1800.
July 24, 1794. -
-
Sept. 24, 1794. Aug. 20, 1795.
June 14, 1800. -
- May 5, 1801. Sept. 25, 1795.
- May 5, 1801.
Aug. 26, 1806.
-
Aug. 3, 1801.
Aug. 3, 1801. -
1 Deputy quartermaster general, with rank of major, November 2, 1787.
2 Major, December 19, 1791.
3 Captain of Cadets ; see forward.
4 Commissioned as adjutant.
5 Adjutant, September 18, 1792; major, June 16, 1800.
6 Major, August 13, 1806.
7 Major, May 8, 1811 ; lieutenant-col- onel commandant, July 12, 1813.
-
-
- Sept. 24, 1794.
Sept. 24, 1794.
Sept. 25, 1795. June 14, 1800. May 5, 1801. -
-
Sept. 16, 1788. July 2, 1792. Sept. 1, 1789. Sept. 18, 1792. July 2, 1792.
July 2, 1792. -
Elijah Warner Antipas Rice
-
May 23, 1783. Jan. 17, 1784.
Jan. 17, 1784.
May 30, 1788.8 Sept. 1, 1789.
-
July 1, 1781. -
291
MILITARY HISTORY.
NAMES.
Ensign.
Lieutenant.
Captain.
Uel Thayer .
June 7, 1803.
-
Thomas Egery .
Moses Allen .
May 5, 1807.
Aug. 26, 1806. April 4, 1809. July 6, 1807.
April 4, 1809. Jan. 7, 1813. June 3, 1811.
Benjamin Paige
Daniel Mandell .
Mar. 17, 1808. April 4, 1809.
June 3, 1811. Jan. 7, 1813.
-
-
Samuel Billings 1 Ezra Ruggles
June 3, 1811. Jan. 7, 1813.
May 3, 1814.
May 4, 1813. May 18, 1815.
Benjamin Jenkins Mason Mandell .
May 4, 1813. May 3, 1814.
May 18, 1815.
Jonathan Webb .
May 3, 1814.
Daniel Wheeler
May 18, 1815.
-
Aug. 21, 1815.2
-
-
Aug. 23, 1816.
Feb. 5, 1818.
Sept. 16, 1816. Sept. 16, 1816.
Feb. 26, 1817. -
-
-
Aug. 28, 1820.
May 15, 1818.
May 4, 1819.
July 10, 1824.
May 4, 1819.
May 12, 1821. Aug. 28, 1820. -
Aug. 28, 1820.
Aug. 28, 1820. May 12, 1821. July 10, 1824.
July 26, 1824.
April 5, 1826. June 28, 1827.
John Raymond . Willard Allen
April 5, 1826.
June 28, 1827. Aug. 21, 1829.
Aug. 6, 1829. April 5, 1833. May 6, 1834.
David Aiken, Jr. Joseph Knox Benjamin J. Cobb . David C. Paige .
April 5, 1833. May 6, 1834.
Aug. 13, 1835.
1
-
Mar. 6, 1837.6
-
The old North (or Second) Company was disbanded February 18, 1824, and a company of riflemen was organized. Officers were elected as follows : -
1 Major, August 27, 1816 ; lieutenant- colonel commandant, April 9, 1817.
2 Commissioned as adjutant.
8 Major, May 30, 1820; lieutenant- colonel commandant, May 2, 1821.
4 See Riflemen.
5 Adjutant. .
6 Adjutant.
-
- Sept. 24, 1816.
Brigham Ruggles Elbridge Cutler 3 Joseph Allen, 3d Nathan Perry
Feb. 26, 1817.
Feb. 5, 1818.
Zenas Phinney James Danforth 4 Charles Lee . John Gilbert . Moses Whipple, Jr .. Martin Mandell . Timothy Fay, Jr. Crighton Ruggles .
Calvin Jenney .
April 5, 1826.
July 11, 1827. Aug. 8, 1829.
Apr. 5, 1833.
Apr. 17, 1830.5 May 6, 1834.
May 5, 1835.
Sylvester Bowen
May 5, 1835.
-
Thos. P. Anderson . Elmer B. Miles .
May 4, 1813.
-
May 3, 1814.
Apollos Luce
-
Luther Paige
292
HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
NAMES.
Ensign.
Lieutenant.
Captain.
James Danforth 1 Walter Mandell
-
Luke Earl . Joseph Burgess, 2d.
May 15, 1824. Aug. 11, 1825. May 5, 1829.
May 15, 1824. Aug. 11, 1825. May 5, 1829.
May 15, 1824. Aug. 11, 1825. May 5, 1829.
Joseph Whipple 2 .
Apollos Rich 3
.
Feb. 24, 1830. May 4, 1830.
May 4, 1830.
-
Orin Trow
Z. F. Shumway
William C. Wesson Rufus P. Chase .
Aug. 24, 1831. June 29, 1833. Sep. 20, 1833. May 2, 1837.
June 29, 1833. Sep. 20, 1833. May 2, 1837.
Sep. 20, 1833. May 2, 1837. -
-
Soon after the reorganization of militia in 1781, a company of cavalry was formed in the regiment, which then included the present towns of Hardwick, New Braintree, Oakham, North Brookfield, Brookfield, West Brookfield, and Warren. Its Hard- wick officers were as follows : -
NAMES.
Cornet. r
Lieutenant.
Captain.
Joseph Bruce Joshua Lawrence . Stephen W. Paige . John Lawton
Aug. 26, 1806. -
May 5, 1807. June 12, 1809.
-
Joseph Robinson 4 Warren Smith .
Feb. 19, 1816. May 11, 1819. -
-
Sep. 20, 1819. Aug. 16, 1825.
- Aug. 22, 1812. Jan. 23, 1819. July 12, 1823. May 1, 1828.
After the suppression of the Shays Insurrection in 1787 (in which the Hardwick militia were sadly divided in opinion and action), the staunch friends of government seem to have felt the necessity of organizing an independent company, which could be relied upon to act unanimously, in case of emergency, and which might be a body-guard to the major-general. The Council Records, under date of May 30, 1788, show that " His Excellency communicated to the Council a letter from Major General War- ner, recommending the establishment of a Company of Cadets in
1 Major, June 10, 1825.
2 Colonel, May 24, 1833.
8 Major, August 26, 1833; lieutenant- colonel, August 14, 1835.
4 Lieutenant-colonel, June 13, 1825 ; colonel, June 27, 1827.
Feb. 24, 1830. June 29, 1833.
Jason Haskins .
-
-
293
MILITARY HISTORY.
the Seventh Division under his command, and asked the advice of Council. The Council advised that His Excellency issue his orders for the establishment of said Company." On the same day the necessary orders were issued, the company established, and officers commissioned, to wit : -
Timothy Paige, Jr., of Hardwick, Captain, . . May 30, 1788.
Samuel French, 66
First Lieutenant, May 30, 1788.
Jeduthun Spooner, "
Ensign, . May 30, 1788.
Wyman Hoyt, of New Braintree, Second Lieutenant, June 25, 1788.
To this company, and to the company of cavalry before men- tioned, a complimentary reference was made in the " Massachu- setts Spy," October 14, 1790 : " On Tuesday, the fifth instant, the Fifth [Fourth ?] Regiment of the First Brigade, under Col- onel Paige, with Captain Felton's Cavalry, and Captain Paige's Cadets, paraded at Brookfield. They were favored with fine weather, and every officer and soldier was fired with extraordi- nary military ardor, and the troops exhibited a variety of mili- tary movements greatly to their honor."
1
CHAPTER XV.
STATISTICS.
Population. - Tax in 1776. - Valuation. - Manufactures and Agricultural Products. - George H. Gilbert Manufacturing Company. - Furnaces. - Forge. - Paper Mills.
POPULATION. The General Court, on the 9th of December, 1776, passed a Resolve, requiring a census to be taken of all males, sixteen years old and upwards, distinguishing such as were Quakers, Indians, Negroes, or Mulattoes. The following return was made on the back of the broadside upon which the resolve was printed : " In obedience to the within Order, we have num- bered the male inhabitants of the town of Hardwick, as within directed, and find the number to be three hundred and forty-six white or English inhabitants, and one mulatto man. We have no Quakers, no Indians, and no Negroes.
" HARDWICK, Jan. 31, 1777. S
" THOMAS ROBINSON, Selectman.
SAMUEL DEXTER, Committee of
DAVID ALLEN, Correspondence.
" Worcester, ss. Jan. 31, 1777. Capt. Thomas Robinson, Capt. Samuel Dexter, and Ensign David Allen, made oath, that in executing the within order of the Great and General Court, they have acted uprightly, faithfully, and impartially, according to the best of their knowledge. Before me, PAUL MANDELL, Justice of the Peace." 1
The special object of this census manifestly was to ascertain the military strength of the State, and to furnish a basis for re- quiring a fair proportion of soldiers from each town during the war of the Revolution. Other enumerations have been made periodically for more general purposes. The population of this town gradually increased during the first century after its settle- ment, then decreased until manufacturing was established at Gilbertville ; since which time, although the agricultural com-
1 Mass. Archives, clxi. 132, 133.
295
STATISTICS.
munity has probably diminished, the manufacturers have more than supplied the deficiency ; so that the sum total, as exhibited by the last census, exceeds that at any former period.
1765,
1,010.
1830,
1,888.
1860,
1,521.
1776,
1,393.
1837,
1,818.
1865,
1,967.
1790,
1,725.
1840,
1,789.
1870,
2,219.
1800, 1,727.
1850,
1,631.
1875, 1,992.
1810,
1,657.1
1855,
1,523.
1880,
2,237.2
1820,
1,836.
TAX IN 1776. - The original assessment of a tax dated January 30, 1776, is preserved in the archives of the town. The polls were rated at 2s. 6d. each. The rate of taxation on property is not mentioned ; but the sum total of the tax, after deducting the amount assessed on the polls, exhibits the relative liability of the tax-payers to bear the public burdens at the commencement of the Revolutionary War. The "North Side" and the "South Side " were separated by the county road (afterwards a turnpike) from the Old Furnace to Greenwich Village.
NORTH SIDE.
Polls.
& s. d. q .
₹ Polls.
£ s. d. qr.
Joseph Allen .
2
0 10
8 3
Gideon Carpenter
2
0 10
David Allen
2
0 17
9 3
Nathan Carpenter
1
0 3 73
Joseph Allen, Jr.
1
0
9
5 3
Ephraim Cleaveland, Jr.
1
0 8 40
John Ammidown
2
0 10 11 1
Edward Chaloner
1
0
2 60
Philip Ammidown
1
0 7 11 0
Ebenezer Chipman .
0
0
2 7 1
Zaccheus Atwood
I
0
5
5 0
Gardner Chandler
0
0
7
60
John Bradish
1
0
8
4 0
Uriah Convers
1
0
3
4 0
Seth Bangs
1
0
5
6 1
John Canady
1
0
2 6 0
Daniel Billing
3
0 15 10 0
Samuel Dexter
1 0 14
5 3
Abiathar Babbit .
2
0 12
2 1
Widw Mary Dean
0
0
1
3 0
John Bradish, Jr.
I
0 8 10 1
Paul Dean .
2
0
9
5 3
William Bassett
1
0
3 11 2
Charles Doolittle
1
0
7
2 2
Adna Bangs
Jedediah Bassett
I
0
3 4 0
Zurishaddai Doty
3
0 12
2 1
Seth Blanchard .
1
0
2
8 2 Jonathan Danforth .
1
0 17
3 2
Joseph Bowman .
1
0
2
6 0 Stephen Forbes .
3
0 14
8 1
John Bachelor
1
0
2
6 0
Daniel Fay
3 0 15 11 1
Edward Clark
2
0 11
4 1
John Freeman
1
0
2
60
Benjamin Cox
1
0
6
3 01
Eli Freeman .
1
0 4 81
0
3
9 0
Job Dexter
·
1
0
8
6 2
1
1 In 1801, the town parted with a con- now about 3,000. Gilbertville alone is siderable portion of its territory and in- supposed to contain about 1,500 inhabit- ants. habitants, at the incorporation of Dana.
2 In consequence of the great increase of business at Gilbertville since 1880, the population of the whole town is probably
3 The mode of spelling the names is preserved : also the order in which they are inserted.
296
HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
Polls.
& s. d. qr.
& s. d.qr.
Watson Freeman
1
0 4 92
William Perkins
1
0 4 10 3
Reuben Fay .
1
0
6
4 1
Capt. Benjamin Ruggles . James Robinson .
0
0 9 70
Daniel Fay, Jr.
1
0
2 6 0 James Rogers
1
0
5 2 2
Stephen Gorham
2
0
7
7 1
Benjamin Ruggles, Jr.
2
0
13 6 2
Jonathan Glazier
1
0
2
8 2
Benjamin Ruggles, 3d Thomas Ruggles
1
0
6
6 3
Shearjashub Goodspeed
1
0
2
8 2
1
0
3 9 0
Simeon Hazeltine
1
0
6 11 3
Joseph Ruggles .
1
0
6 9 1
Andrew Haskell
1
0
7 8 2 Edward Ruggles
2
0 13 9 0
Elisha Hedge .
1
0
3 2 3
Joseph Ruggles, Jr.
1
0
2
8 2
Edmund Hodges
2
0 14 9 2 Nathaniel Ruggles
1
0
2
6 0
Nehemiah Howard John Hastings
2
0 11 5 2 Whiting Ruggles
1
0
8
1 2
Jonathan Hastings . Thomas Haskell
1
0
2 8 2 Denison Robinson
1
0
7 9 3
Moses Haskell
2
0
9 53 Stephen Rice .
1
0
12
3 2
John Haskell
1
2 0 12 7 1
3 0 16 3 0 Roland Sears
1
0
9
7 0
John Haskell, Jr.
1
3 6 2
Freeman Sears
1
0
0
9 2 1
Stephen Hastings John Hedge
1
0
2 6 0 Joseph Safford
2
0
7 3 2
Nathaniel Johnson Zebadiah Johnson Dudley Jordan Philip Jordan .
1 0 2 0 13 9 0 12 8 2 Jeremiah Sibley . Samuel Sibley
Amaziah Spooner
1
0
8
1 2
Solomon Johnson
1
0
4 9 2 Zephaniah Spooner
1
0
2
6 0
Joel Johnson .
1
0
5 10 0 Elkanah Steward
1
0
7 7 1
Silas Johnson
1
0
5 5 0 Edward Smith
1
0
9 4 2
Stephen Johnson
1
0
3 5 1 John Sellon
2
0
7 4 3
1
0
2 6 0
Nathaniel Sprout
2
0
5 00
John Keith
1
0
9 0 3 Nathaniel Sprout, Jr.
1
0
8
1 2
Clark Lawton
1
0
6 4 1 Jonathan Stanwood
1
0
2 6 0
Lemuel Leach
1
0
5 8 3 Ephraim Tucker
1
0
2 6 0
Ebenezer Lawrence
1
0
3 1 2 Edward Taylor .
1
0
2 6 0
Joshua Lawrence
1 0 11 10 2
Ephraim Titus
1
0
2
8 2 03
Ebenezer Lawrence, Jr.
1 0 14 3 1 Seth Taylor
I
0
5
5 00
Experience Luce Josiah Lock
1 0 10 0 0 Wareham Warner .
0
0
1 0 2
Constant Myrick
2 0 13
2 3 Thomas Winchester
2
0 13 7 3
Nathaniel Myrick
1
0
8 0 1 Widw Sarah Winchester .
0
0
5
7 2
Robert McIntyre's Est. Timothy Newton Joseph Nye
0
0
8 00 Lemuel Willis
2
0 12
6 0
2 0 14 8 1
Daniel Wheeler .
0 18 10 1 2
1
0
8 0 1 Nathan Wheeler
1
0 11 1 0
2 0
Jonathan Nye
2
0
7 3 2 Eliphalet Washburn
1
0
6
3 0
Prince Nye
1 0
9 4 2 Ammiel Weeks .
1
0
1
0
5 0 0 Thomas Weeks .
0
0
2 9 3
John Paddleford Seth Paddleford .
1
0
5
1 I Asahel Warren .
1
0
5
2 2
Ephraim Pratt
2
0
8
0 1 Samuel Whipple
1
0 8 11 2
James Paige
2
0 13
2 3
James Wicker
1
0
3 6 2
Samuel Pike
1
0
2 8 2
Elisha Pike
1
0
2 60 Total, North Side
53 17 1 0
1
0
2 8 2 Steward Southgate .
1
0
2
6 0
1
0
3
4 0
1
0 3 11 2 6 5 2
Thomas Spooner
1
0
2
60
Abraham Knowlton Jesse Kinney
1
0
7 2 1 Reuben Snow
1
0
8 9 0
0
6 6 3
Ephraim Haskell
1
0 0
9 0 3 Barnabas Sears .
1
0
7
4 3 -
3 0 15 50
Widw Susanna Rice
0
0
5 11
Nathaniel Haskell Seth Hinkley .
2
0
8 7 3 Edward Ruggles, Jr.
1
0 16 5 2 2
Earl Flagg
1
0 5 10 0
1
0
2
8 2 Ebenezer Washburn
1
0
2 8 2
4 1
Joseph Nye, Jr.
1
0
2 8 2 Joseph Washburn
0
5 5 0
Joshua Nye
1 0 4 9 2 Thomas Wells White .
1
0
1
0
0 10 5 0 Joseph Robinson William Shaw
1
I
3
0 13 6 2
0 10 7 2
9 3 1
..
Polls. 1
297
STATISTICS.
SOUTH SIDE.
Polls.
£ s. d. qr.
Polls.
& s. d. qr.
Solomon Aikens
2
0 17
3 2
James Lawton
2 0 12 11 0
David Aikens
1
0 8
7 3
Nathan Leonard
1
0
9 8 1
Gamaliel Arnold
1
0 3
01 James Lawton, Jr.
1
0
6 5 2
Atwood Aiken's Guardn
1
0
2 6 0 Jacob Lawton
1
0
2 8 2
Samuel Billing
1
0
5
00 Joseph Loring
1
0
2 6 0
Elisha Billing
I
0 11
5 2
William Lyon
1
0
2
8 2
Samuel Billing, Jr.
2
0 18 11 2
John Lawton
1
0
2
6 0
Asahel Billing
1
0
8 1 2 Paul Mandell
3
1
5
2 2
Samuel Bridge
1
0
5 2 2 Amos Mandell
1
0
1
0
6 2 1 Lemuel Newton .
0 10 2 2
Nathan Bangs
4 7 3 Stephen Newton
1
0
2 60
Joseph Biam .
6 3 0 Caleb Nye, Jr.
1
0
2 8 2
Isaac Bowman
1
0
2 6 0 Andrew Nelson
1
6 3 0
Gamaliel Collins Joshua Crowell . Paul Crowell
2
0 15 70 William Oaks
1
0 4 20
1
0
2
6 0 William Paige
2 0 16 0 2
Edward Curtis
1
0
5 1 1 George Paige
3 0 18 11 2
Isaac Clark
1
0
2 6 0 Timothy Paige
1
1 2 43
Isaac Clark, Jr. .
1
0 6 11 3 Nathaniel Paige
1 0 11
9 1
Isaac Cummings, Jr.
1
0 6 10 2
1 0 14 7.0
John Paige, Jr.
I 0 9 31
William Paige, Jr.
1 0 7 1
1 0 11
4 1
Lemuel Cobb.
1
0 6 9 1 Jesse Paige
1
0
2
6 0
Jabez Cobb
1
0
8 9 0
Phineas Powers
1
0
9 0 3
Elijah Cleaveland
1
0
2 7
1 Stephen Pratt
1
0
2 6 0
Benjamin Cleaveland
1
0
2 7 1
William Perkins, Jr.
1
0 0
2 1 0
Derby Dwire .
1
0
2 8 2
Samuel Robinson
1
0
9 3 1
Silas Dean
0 7 9 3 Solomon Rice
1 1
0
2 6 0
Thomas Elwell
1
0
9 0 3 Thomas Robinson
1
1 7 3
Jabez Elwell .
1
0
2 6 0 Benjamin Raymond
1 0
8 4 0
James Fay
0 11 3 0 John Raymond .
1 0
2 8 2
Aaron Furbush Isaac Fay
1
0 9 10 2
Edmund Rawson
1
0
4 53
John Fay
0 9 10 3 Isaac Rice
1
0
7 60
George Field .
1
0
1
0
2 6 0 Moses Rice
1
0
2 60
Philip Fraker
1
0
2 6 0 Aaron Rice
1
0
2 8 2
Paul Fay's Guardian
1
0
2 6 0 Samuel Rawson
1
0
2 6 0
Aaron Furbush, Jr. Causimai Fletcher John Giffin
1
0
0
1 12 3 2
I
0 2 6 0
2 0 13
4 0
1
0 5 10 0
1
0
2
6 0
Timothy Gilbert John Hunt
1
0
1
0
2 6 0
I 0 17
1 0 Henry Rixford
1
0
2
6 0
John Hunt, Jr.
1
0
5 00
Uriah Higgins
1
0
2 6 0 Robert Sprout
1
0
2 6 0
Aaron Hunt
I
0
8 1 2 Jabez Stratton Daniel Thomas
1
0
6 30
Isaiah Hatch .
1
0
4 9 2
Aaron Hudson
1
0
1
0
4 0 3 Robert Tucker
1
0
4 4 2
Silvanus Hopkins Samuel Jenny
William Johnson
Seth Johnson
Jacob Knowlton
1
0
8
6
2 David Wheelock
0
0 6 4 1
Ezra Leonard .
0 13
2 1 0
6
9 1
7 3 Gideon Wheelock Thomas Weeks, Jr.
2
0 5 11 1
1
0
1
0
1 0 11 9 1
Daniel Oliver, Esq.
1
0 0 13 11 2
Ephraim Cleaveland Abraham Chamberlain Moses Chamberlain
2
0 0
1
2 6 0
James Paige, Jr.
Abner Conant
1
0
5 0 0 Capt. Jeremiah Powers
0
1
2 0 10 7 2 Thomas Robinson, Jr.
1
0 2 11 0
1
8 2 3 Antipas Rice
1 0 10 2 2
Samuel French
1 0 11 1 3 Robert Stetson 0 8 10 1 Jesse Snow
1 0 3 11 2
John Hanmore
1
1 0 10 10 0 2 6 0 Joseph Thomas
1
0
3
1 2
Henry Higgins
1
0
4 4 2 Joseph Warner
0
0
3 1 2
1
0
1
0
4
8 1 Elijah Warner
0 0 Jonathan Warner
1
1 3 11 2
1 ) 10
3 8 0 Daniel Warner
1
0 19 1 2
1 0 14 3 1
1 0 2 11 0
Ebenezer Liscomb
John Paige
2 0 10 3 3
8 2 3
2 6 0
Samuel Beals
1
)
2 7 1 Timothy Ruggles, Esq. Timothy Ruggles, Jr. Josiah Roberts 5 1 1 John Rich
2 6 0
2
298
HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
Polls.
s. d. qr.
Polls.
£ s. d. qr.
Silas Willis
1
0 8 3 2
Elias Walker .
1
O 6 02
Silas Willis, Jr.
1
0
2
6 0
David Weeks.
1
0 2 60
Adam Willis .
1
0
3
7 2
William Wicker
1
0 7 21
James Wing
1
0
5
8 3 Ephraim Wheeler
1
0
3 90
William Washburn
1
0
2
8 2
Moses Whitcomb
2
0
8 11 2
Silvanus Washburn
1
0
4
7 0
Edmund Willis .
1
0
2 6 0
Judah Weeks
I
0
2
6 0
John Whipple
1
0 3 11 2
Seth Winslow
I
0
7
4 3
Thomas Martin Wright
1
0 2 60
Job Winslow .
1
0
2
6 0
Joseph Weeks
1
0
2 11 0
Samuel Wait .
1
0
5 6 5
VALUATION. In 1781, a general valuation was taken of the property in the Commonwealth, as the basis of a State tax. The Hardwick List follows : 1 -
Property.
Income.
363 Polls
230 Houses
50s.
575
30 Stores, shops, &c.
6s.
9
12 Distill-houses, mills, &c.
60s.
36
2,500 Acres of English mowing
12s.
1,500
1,000 Barrels of Cyder .
2s. 6d.
125
1,500 Acres of Tillage-land
9s.
675
1,200 Acres of Salt and Fresh meadow
6s.
360
2,500 Acres of Pasturing
3s.
375
17,737 Acres of Wood and unimproved land £298 Money on interest and on hand .
. 20s.
2 per cent. 298
354 14
£600 Amount of goods, wares and merchandise
600
200 Horses . £6
1,200
300 Oxen £7
2,100
750 Cows .
£4
3,000
4,000 Sheep and Goats
6s.
1,200
400 Swine .
12s.
240
£100 Coaches, Chaise, &c.
100
10 Ounces of gold, coined or not coined
50
13
4
470 Ounces of silver, coined or not coined . Deducted .£500 .
136
13
4
536
18
4,726 12 0
£
s. d.
In 1798, a valuation was taken by order of Congress, for the purpose of a direct tax. The principal assessor for the district embracing this town was General Jonathan Warner ; his assist- ants here were Captain Daniel Warner and Colonel Stephen Rice. Each house and farm was valued separately. The general recapitulation, dated April 10, 1799, exhibits the following re- sults : 2_
1 Mass. Arch., clxii. 63.
2 Valuation of the whole State, depos-
ited in the library of the New England Historic Genealogical Society.
£ s. d.
180
200 Barns 18s.
Total, South Side .
48 11 5 3
299
STATISTICS.
Houses over $100 in value .
. 176
Houses under $100 in value .
56
232
Acres of land, with houses over $100 .
. 872
Acres of land, not included as above
. 23,543}
23,631
Value of houses and lots over $100, not including ministerial property S
$43,534
Value of houses under $100
. 2,575
$46,109
Value of land
248,123
Total valuation
$294,232
A very thorough valuation of property in the Commonwealth was made in 1875, with the following result as to Hardwick :
PROPERTY.
Number.
Value.
FARMS.
From 3 to 5 acres
1
From 5 to 10 acres
4
Above 10 acres .
196
BUILDINGS.
Houses
210
Barns
249
Sheds
35
Shops
11
Carriage-houses
9
Cider mills .
4
Out-buildings .
15
LAND.
Land under crops
acres
4,801
$164,215
Orchards (the land).
acres
1011
4,662
Unimproved land
acres
12,334
145,240
Unimprovable land
acres
192
130
Woodland
acres
3,237₺
86,822
FRUIT TREES AND VINES.
20,666
$401,069
Apple trees
13,898
$16,305
Cherry trees
144
64
Crab-apple trees
2
2
Peach trees
190
175
Pear trees
460
658
Plum trees .
36
12
Grape vines
1,949
1,177
DOMESTIC ANIMALS.
$18,393
Bees (swarms of)
28
$149
201
$630,169
533
$229,100
300
HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
PROPERTY.
Number.
Value.
Bulls
85
$2,593
Calves
491
4,622
Colts
31
2,825
Dogs .
80
386
Ducks
16
14
Geese
23
33
Guinea fowls
11
9
Heifers
291
7,033
Hens and chickens
3,892
1,799
Hogs .
350
4,824
Horses
231
18,670
Lambs
45
156
Milch cows
1,337
61,517
Oxen .
144
12,850
Pigeons
50
6
Pigs
353
1,704
Sheep, merino
4
22
Sheep, Saxony
2
16
Sheep
46
227
Steers
68
2,765
Turkeys .
304
325
AGGREGATES.
Land .
$401,069
Buildings
229,100
Fruit trees and vines
18,393
Domestic animals
122,545
Agricultural implements in use
21,985
.
$793,092
MANUFACTURES AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.
From time to time the General Court has required from assess- ors, or other authorized agents, information concerning certain branches of industry. The earliest statistical tables on this sub- ject exhibited a very scanty summary for the year ending April 1, 1837. This was confined almost exclusively to manufactured articles, and consequently Hardwick ranked very low in the list : -
" Saxony sheep, 2; merino sheep, 100; other kinds of sheep, 810; Saxony wool produced, 12 lbs. ; merino wool, 250 lbs. ; other kinds of wool, 1,600 lbs. ; average weight of fleece, 2} lbs. ; value of wool, $1,000 ; capital invested, $1,820.
" Boots manufactured, 5,000 pairs ; shoes, 5,000 pairs ; value of boots and shoes, $14,500 ; males employed, 20; females, 8.
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