USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > Newton > History of Newton, Massachusetts : town and city, from its earliest settlement to the present time, 1630-1880 > Part 44
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There were seasons of special religious interest, as the Church Roll indicates, in 1781-2, 1810-11, 1817, 1826-7, 1831-2, 1851- 2, 1856-7, 1865-8, 1871-2 and 1877.
PASTORS.
ORDAINED OR INSTALLED.
DIED OR DISMISSED.
Rev. William Greenough,
o. Nov. 8, 1781,
died Nov. 10, 1831.
Rev. Lyman Gilbert,
o. July 2, 1828,
dis. Jan. 2, 1856.
Rev. Joseph P. Drummond,
o. Jan. 2, 1856,
dis. Nov. 12, 1857.
Rev. George B. Little,
i. Nov. 12, 1857,
died July 20, 1860.
Rev. Henry J. Patrick,
i. Sept. 26, 1860.
DEACONS.
ELECTED.
DECEASED.
RESIGNED.
Joseph Ward,
Dec. 21, 1781
Dec. 23, 1784
Joseph Jackson,
Dec. 30, 1781
Aug. 9, 1803
Enoch Ward,
Jan. 18, 1789
Oct. 13, 1789
Joseph Fuller,
Mar. 18, 1793
Oct. 27, 1811
Thomas Eustis, jr.,
Feb. 17, 1800
Apr. 27, 18 06
Joseph Adams,
Dec. 22, 1806
Benjamin Fuller,
Oct. 31, 1817
Joel Fuller,
Oct. 31, 1817
Dec. 17, 1848
Joseph Stone,
Jan. 17, 1845
July 2, 1852
Samuel Warren,
Feb. 11, 1845
Orin F. Woodford,
Dec. 8, 1852
Mar. 14, 1856
Joseph W. Stone,
Jan. 5, 1853
Samuel F. Dix,
Nov. 12, 1856
May 25, 1876
Julius L. Clarke,
Jan. 17, 1868
Lemuel E. Caswell,
Jan. 17, 1868
Jan. 18, 1871
Joseph B. Whitmore,
Feb. 3, 1871
Harlan P .. Barber,
Sept. 2, 1876
April, 1813
July 6, 1828
July 29, 1852
455
WEST NEWTON SABBATH SCHOOL.
CLERKS.
Rev. William Greenough, Rev. Lyman Gilbert, Henry L. Whiting, Samuel F. Dix, Julius L. Clarke.
TREASURERS.
Joseph Jackson,
Joseph Fuller, Nathan Fuller,
Joel Fuller, Samuel Warren,
Orin F. Woodford,
Joseph W. Stone,
Samuel F. Dix.
SABBATH SCHOOL OF THE SECOND CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH.
The two persons most prominent in the commencement of the Sabbath School work in connection with the Congregational church at West Newton were Joseph Jackson and Joel Fuller. They, with others, gathered the first Sabbath School in West Newton in the school-house then located on Waltham Street, nearly opposite the present Davis school-house. The house itself afterwards became part of the store occupied by Mr. John Mead. The long benches of the old school-house were well filled. The school numbered from twenty to forty. Mr. Joseph Jackson, then the teacher of one of the public schools, was the first Superintendent. It was the cus- tom for the school to meet in the morning before public service. At the close of the session, a procession was formed, and two by two the classes, preceded by their teachers, marched to the church.
Question books were not then in use ; but the exercises consisted in the recitation of Scripture and hymns. Whole chapters were repeated, and the longest of Watts' hymns. The following remi- niscences of the school are taken from a historical sermon by the Rev. H. J. Patrick ..
The school was at first held only in the summer; and at the close of the season, before dispersing, there was a kind of exhibition, and prizes in the form of books were awarded to those who had recited the greatest number of verses. A Testament, given the second year, is kept by one of the present members of the church, with the date 1820 upon it. When Question Books were introduced, the first one used was Cummings' Questions. In a few years the school was held through the winter, Deacon Joel Fuller remarking in his characteristic way, as he brought his bundle of firewood,-" that what was good for summer was good for winter," proposing henceforth to hold the school through the year. At this time, the Sabbath School was removed from the school-house to the church.
So far as can be ascertained, the school followed, in the order of time, the example of other schools, in the institution of a library, the observance of the concert, and the introduction of a system of benevolence.
In October, 1838, the preliminary meeting was held in the vestry of the church at West Newton, which resulted in the formation of the Newton Sun- day School Union, an institution which has done much to deepen the Sabbath School interest in the town. Deacon Joel Fuller was the representative of the West Newton School at that meeting.
456
HISTORY OF NEWTON.
In 1854, there were thirteen classes, thirteen teachers, and ninety scholars and a library of 300 volumes. In 1855, the first contribution is reported of twenty dollars to the Indians of Western New York. In 1869, there were thirty-one classes, thirty-three officers and teachers, three hundred and three scholars, a library of 847 volumes ; a quarterly contribution of $57, and a yearly contribution of $300.
The benevolence of the school at West Newton steadily increased. One of its members, Miss Hattie S. Clark [Mrs. L. E. Caswell], went out as Missionary to the Indians of Western New York, exciting an interest in that mission, and prompting many donations in that direction. Latterly, more was done for the Freedmen, two teachers having been supported by the congregation and the school one year - Miss Jennie Barbour and Miss Hattie Twoguns-both in Georgia. Several seasons of special religious interest have been enjoyed in the school.
Deacon Joel Fuller was the Superintendent for twenty years, and his devo- tion to the school, his unwearied interest, and his fervent prayers, are fresh in the memory of all who knew him.
Mr. Samuel A. Danforth was Superintendent for five years, and during his Superintendency there were more conversions than at any other time dur- ing the half century. His successor, Rev. Charles Rich, who was Superin- tendent for one year, is remembered as a man peculiarly adapted to interest the young in his addresses, and clothe the Bible narratives with the most vivid reality.
The name of Joseph S. Clark, D. D., will start a multitude of memories connected with the corner of the vestry, where for years he had a Bible Class of middle-aged men. His counsel and wisdom were invaluable.
An opposite corner of the vestry brings to mind a devoted teacher, Miss Hannah S. Richmond, who for many years kept a large class of young ladies bound to her by her personal interest in their welfare, and with few excep- tions led them to Christ.
The remembrance of the little voices which came from the small vestry in their infant songs, calls back to us the form of another teacher, Miss Sarah M. Pearson.
In the fiftieth year, another teacher, Mr. Charles Stone, long connected with the school, and ever faithful, was called to his heavenly reward. His name suggests the memory of two sisters, who were once found in their places in the Sabbath School, remembered for their faithfulness, all children of the senior Deacon Joseph Stone.
FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH, WEST NEWTON.
A preliminary meeting of several members of Baptist churches residing in Newtonville and vicinity was held in Tremont Hall, Newtonville, October 23, 1853, for the purpose of consulting in regard to the formation of a fourth Baptist church within the limits of the town of Newton, and the first church of any denomina- tion in Newtonville. Rev. Joseph M. Graves was chairman.
.
BY
ELS. CONANT.SC.
BAPTIST CHURCH, WEST NEWTON.
457
BAPTIST CHURCH, WEST NEWTON.
Another meeting was held December 12, 1853, when the follow- ing action was adopted unanimously :
Whereas the undersigned are members in good standing in Baptist churches, and with other friends have sustained public worship in this place since the first of February, and whereas we believe that a regularly organ- ized church of our Lord and Saviour is demanded and would be sustained in this village, and having obtained letters of dismission and recommendation for this purpose, we do now resolve ourselves into a church to be known as the First Baptist church in Newtonville,- relying upon the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ to build us up in our most holy faith.
To this action the following names were signed, and these per- sons were the constituent members of the church :
Isaac S. French,
Sarah J. Sanger,
David C. Sanger,
Charlotte Sanger,
Daniel Sanger,
Susan Walker,
William Walker,
Miss Susan V. Winch,
Mrs. Anna Winch,
Mrs. Emeline Webb,
Lucinda B. French,
Miss Eliza Field,
Mrs. Sarah Doggett,
Mrs. Lucinda F. Abbott,
Miss Caroline E. Burdett,
Mrs. Lucy Packer.
Articles of Faith and Covenant similar to those of all regular Baptist churches were adopted.
David C. Sanger was chosen Clerk, and Isaac S. French, Dea- con and Treasurer. January 28, 1851, Rev. B. A. Edwards was elected Pastor.
The public recognition of the church by appropriate exercises took place in Tremont Hall, Newtonville, April 20.
A church edifice of brick was commenced near the Depot, but before it was completed, the contributions being insufficient to meet the expense incurred, the building was sold, and afterwards finished by the first Methodist Society in Newtonville. Rev. Mr. Edwards resigned the pastorate August 1, 1856. Rev. Mr. Graves, who had been with the church at the beginning, returned, and labored till failure of health forced him to resign.
After a temporary suspension of public services, a meeting of the members was held June 5, 1866, at which the following vote was passed :
VOTED, that we hereafter hold our meetings at West Newton, and that we adopt the name of the First Baptist church of West Newton.
458
HISTORY OF NEWTON.
A new spirit of enterprise was infused into the meetings, in this new location. Meetings were held in " Village Hall," till the meeting-house was erected at Lincoln Park, and dedicated in August, 1871.
.
PASTORS.
B. A. Edwards, Jan. 28, 1851. R. S. James, D. D., May 5, 1869.
R. H. Bowles, Nov. 13, 1866. William Lisle, Nov. 14, 1870.
T. B. Holland, June 1, 1875.
DEACONS.
Isaac S. French, Timothy Estes, L. E. Leland,
D. C. Sanger, N. C. Pike.
FIRST UNITARIAN SOCIETY, WEST NEWTON.
The first meetings for public worship held by the members of the Unitarian denomination in Newton took place in the summer of 1844. The services were held in the hall of the hotel, West Newton. In August, however, they were discontinued, but revived again in the year 1847.
The first minister engaged for any length of time was Rev. Arthur Buckminster Fuller, who was in service three months in 1847-8. He graduated at Harvard University in 1843, and was killed in the war, 1862. In the autumn of 1848, Rev. William Orne White, of Salem, accepted an invitation to preach one year, and was ordained November 22, 1848. A church was organized, and the first communion service was held January 7, 1849. After a pastorate of about two years, Mr. White resigned his charge, and became pastor of the Unitarian church in Keene, N. H., where he was pastor twenty-eight years. The church organ- ized during Mr. White's pastorate adopted in substance the cove- nant used originally by the First church in Boston. At that time the Normal School was located at West Newton, in charge of Rev. Cyrus Pierce. Mr. William Parker, the energetic Superintendent of the Boston and Worcester Railroad, was the life and soul of the movement to establish the society. Hon. Horace Mann was a gen- erous supporter of the parish, and a faithful attendant on its worship, in the periods of respite from his Congressional duties. A few hear- ers came from other villages in Newton. Mr. White was an ardent promoter of every plan that promised to advance the social, intellect- ual or religious improvement of the village. During his ministry
:I.S. CONANT. BOSTON.
FIRST UNITARIAN CHURCH, WEST NEWTON.
459
MYRTLE BAPTIST CHURCH.
a Geological Club was formed, which studied a text-book, and met from house to house. The West Newton Athenaeum or Library was founded about the same time. Its meetings were held weekly, and the time was spent in informal talks, reviews of books, and occasional lectures on important topics.
In May, 1851, Rev. W. D. Knapp became pastor, remaining till 1853. The next year, Rev. Charles Edward Hodges was engaged to preach on Sabbath afternoons, preaching in the fore- noons in Watertown. This arrangement continued only one year. Mr. Hodges graduated at Harvard University in 1847, and died 1870. After this for two years, the, pulpit was supplied by Rev. Washington Gilbert, who graduated at Williams College in 1826, and died 1874. He was succeeded by Rev. Joseph Henry Allen, also for two years. Until 1860 the Society held their services in Village Hall. But the time of greater strength having come, it was voted to build a meeting-house, which was done in 1860, and the edifice was dedicated November 14, 1860. Prayer of dedica- tion by Rev. E. J. Young, of Newton.
The first pastor after the completion of the meeting-house was Rev. William Henry Savary, a graduate of Yale College, who remained three years. October 16, 1864, Rev. John C. Zachos was ordained, who resigned in 1866, and was followed by Rev. Francis Tiffany, the present pastor.
The meeting-house, built in 1860, was enlarged in 1867, so as to contain eighty pews. It was again enlarged by the addition of a commodious parlor and tower in 1879-80.
MYRTLE BAPTIST CHURCH, WEST NEWTON.
The Myrtle Baptist church (colored) was organized in September, 1874, with twenty members, of whom the following, constituent members, were dismissed from the First Baptist church in West Newton :
Thomas Johnson,
Sarah Simms,
Martha Johnson,
Henrietta Rose,
Lyman Hicks,
Jane Brewer,
Elizabeth Hicks,
Henry Jones.
Meetings had been held eight months previously in the house of Mr. Thomas Johnson.
460
HISTORY OF NEWTON.
Rev. Edmund Kelley, formerly of New Bedford, was elected pastor for one year, and a chapel was built, and dedicated in June, 1875.
Deacons, Thomas Johnson, Samuel Scott.
After the resignation of Mr. Kelley, the pulpit was supplied mainly by students of the Newton Theological Institution, under whose labors the church was prospered. In 1877, seventeen were admitted to the church by baptism. Characterized by vigor and enthusiasm, the church, though small, fills an important sphere, and does its part well as a valuable helper in the cause of morality and religion.
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CHAPTER XXXVI.
NEWTON UPPER FALLS .- FACTORIES .- COTTON MACHINERY .-
"RELIGIOUS SOCIETY."- UNIVERSALIST SOCIETY. - SECOND BAP-
TIST CHURCH .- METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH .- ST. MARY'S (CATHOLIC CHURCH .- NEWTON LOWER FALLS .- ST. MARY'S (EPISCOPAL) CHURCH .- METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.
IN chapter XXII, pages 259-272, we have surveyed the earlier history of Newton Upper and Lower Falls. The narrative is here resumed.
NEWTON UPPER FALLS.
The first dwelling-house in the lower village of the Upper Falls was built about the year 1800, to accommodate the workmen at the iron works, then just established. It is still standing (1880). The owners of this property, before it was incorporated, were Rufus Ellis, David Ellis, Jonathan Chapman, Jonathan Mason, Benjamin Guild, George Ticknor and William P. Mason, all of Boston. The building of a cotton factory on the Needham side of the river was commenced in 1813. A portion of the timber used in the construction was purchased in Boston at auction,- this timber having been taken as a prize at sea, during the war of 1812, and carried into Boston for sale. One of these timbers, forming the east sill of the factory, is still in very good preservation, although two buildings have been burned over it.
The " Newton Factories " were incorporated June 14, 1823. At this time the business was the rolling and slitting of bar-iron, and the manufacture of cut-nails and cotton cloth. Rufus Ellis was the Treasurer.
It appears by deeds that Jonathan Bixby was the owner of the lands surrounding the mill privilege, as the last deed of his con- veyed a piece of land with a saw-mill thereon, near the nail fac- tory.
461
462
HISTORY OF NEWTON.
The cotton factory was burned May 8, 1850.
In 1853, the building used for half a century for a nail factory was altered into a paper-mill. This business is still carried on in a new building, erected on the site of the old one, which was pulled down.
A few years after the Newton Factories became a corporation, -or about 1829,- a hotel was built and owned by Rufus Ellis, which he afterwards conveyed to the Newton Factories. This was kept as a hotel twenty years. It afterwards became a boarding- house, and finally a private residence.
In 1846 the Newton Factories tendered a resignation of their charter, and the property passed into the possession of David Ellis, Esq.
Rufus Ellis was born at West Dedham, March 13, 1777, and died in Newton, July 2, 1859, aged eighty-two.
David Ellis was born at West Dedham, June 21, 1765, and died in Newton, November 24, 1846, aged eighty-one.
The Worcester Turnpike, now called Boylston Street, passes through the southern and eastern part of Newton in a straight line, extending from the border line at Brookline to the Charles River at Newton Upper Falls. This turnpike road was chartered March 7, 1806. The petitioners for the charter were Aaron Davis, Luther Richardson, Samuel Wells, Charles Davis and William H. Sumner, all of Boston. The first meeting of the corporators was. held October 30, 1806, at Concert Hall, in Boston, east corner of Court and Hanover Streets. The stock consisted of six hundred shares of the par value of $250 each,- a small amount of money to build forty miles of road.
The road was constructed through Newton in 1808. Of the six hundred shares, only sixteen were subscribed for by residents of Newton. The road paid but few dividends, never six per cent., and finally the whole capital invested was totally lost to the stock- holders. In 1833 the proprietors succeeded in giving away that part of the road which passed through Newton,- the county com- missioners laying it out as a public highway. In 1841, the pro- prietors tendered to the Legislature a resignation of their charter, which was accepted, and this was the conclusion of the unfortunate. enterprise.
Otis Pettee, Esq., furnishes the following account of the manu- facture of machinery for the supply of cotton factories at Newton
463
BUILDING COTTON MACHINERY.
Upper Falls. This branch of business has made the village very widely known, as an influential factor in the enterprise of this con- tinent.
About the year 1825, Mr. Ithamer Whiting, a native of Dover, Mass., left his home to seek his fortunes in the gold and silver mines of Mexico. After leading a miner's life for ten years or more, he engaged in pioneer work for introducing the manufacture of cotton in that country. At the end of about a year's effort, he succeeded in making arrangements with Messrs. Barron, Forbes & Co.,-merchants in the city of Tepic, near the western coast of the Republic,-to embark in the enterprise.
In the spring of 1837, they sent Mr. Whiting home to New England to procure the necessary machinery and fixtures for a cotton factory of sufficient capac- ity to produce about seven hundred and fifty yards of sheetings per day. After thoroughly canvassing the country, Mr. Whiting finally gave the order to the late Mr. Otis Pettee, sen., cotton-machine builder in this village. The contract simply called for machinery to produce seven hundred and fifty yards of coarse sheetings per day,-including all the necessary fixtures for the buildings, etc., water wheel and mill work, doors, window frames and sashes, glass, etc., and all small tools necessary to operate and repair the machinery.
Workmen skilled in the art of setting up the machinery and of operating the same were sent out to the factory for a term of three years or more, as educators to the Mexicans who were to be employed in the work.
The machinery was completed in the fall of the same year (1837), and well boxed and shipped from Boston direct to Port San Blas, in a brig pur- chased by Mr. Whiting to be used by the mill-owners as a coaster, to gather up cotton from the neighboring ports, and as far south as Peru.
About five years later, this company built another factory, for the manu- facture of warps to be sold in the country towns for the hand-weavers among the farmers, etc.
The success of this enterprise is indicated in an extract from a letter written by Mr. Whiting in February, 1848.
" So far, we have done very well with our factory; but I am afraid our harvest is nearly over. The state of the country is such at this time as to induce the belief that no business will prosper in it much longer ....... The last two years have been the best we have ever had,- not because our manufactured articles have sold better, for the price has fallen, - but because we have got our cotton on better terms, as well as of better quality ......
"In 1846 we made $113,419.82, and in 1847, $180,331.17; and since we commenced, we have cleared $873,017.12; and this has nearly all been made by the first machinery. We did wrong in getting out the mules. We should have gotten the same kind of machinery as the first, with more looms, and then we should have made much more money."
464
HISTORY OF NEWTON.
After the harvest this company was reaping became known to other capi- talists in the republic, they at once became interested, and built other mills in different localities, and very naturally ordered their machinery from Newton.
Among the first to follow, was a German gentleman, Mr. Stahlknecht, from Durango, who commenced operations in 1840. He afterwards built another factory in Tunal. The last time I saw him in New England, he said he had given up the cotton manufacturing business, as he was quite too near the Texan frontier, and goods were run over into their country, and he could get only eighteen cents per yard for his cloth; and it cost him thirteen cents to manufacture it; and five cents profit on a yard did not pay.
A company was organized as the " Guadalajara Spinning and Weaving Company," in 1840, and sent their agent, Mr. John M. B. Neubing Boschetti, for machinery for their factory located in Guadalajara. In addition to their cotton manufactory, they built a paper-mill, and took out the machinery for that also.
Cotton manufactories were established in several other places, with very satisfactory results, at Colima, Santiago, Curaçoa, Mazatlan and elsewhere, all of which ordered their machinery from Newton.
Under the charge of Otis Pettee, Esq., the business begun by that ingenious mechanic, his father, has been carried forward with energy and success, furnishing bread for many families, and bring- ing fame to Newton by the machinery it supplies to numerous manufactories.
UPPER FALLS RELIGIOUS SOCIETY.
The first religious Society in Newton Upper Falls, though no church of any denomination existed in connection with the first church edifice, was, substantially, Unitarian. The land on which the first meeting-house was erected was given for that purpose by the Elliot Manufacturing Company. The building contained forty-eight pews, and the cost was about $3,300. Of this amount, the Elliot Manufacturing Company paid three-fifths, and Rufus Ellis, Esq., two-fifths. The meeting-house was commenced in the autumn of 1827, and finished and dedicated February 27, 1828. The sermon on the occasion was by the Rev. William Ritchie, of Needham, from II. Thess. III : 1, "Finally, brethren, pray for us, that the word of the Lord may have free course and be glorified, even as it is with you."
The Society was incorporated by the Massachusetts Legislature, under the name of the " Upper Falls Religious Society." The petition, asking for that Act of Incorporation, was signed by the following :
UNIVERSALIST SOCIETY.
465
.
The pulpit was supplied about five years, mainly by preachers of the Unitarian persuasion,- by the Rev. Daniel Kimball, of Need- ham, Rev. Mr. Walcott, of Nantucket, Rev. George Whitney, of Quincy, Rev. William Farmer, of Cambridge, Rev. Andrew Bige- low, etc. In 1832, the church building was sold to the late Marshall S. Rice, Esq., to be used as a Methodist church, and this first religious society became extinct.
Mr. Pettee writes,-
I have gathered the following list of names of members of the Unitarian church choir in our village from 1828 to 1832.
George Morse, Leader,
Artemas Newell, Bass Viol,
Charles Pettee, Kingsley Allen,
Jesse Winslow, Clarionet, Samuel McIntosh, do.,
Miss Eliza Bartlett,
Alfred Bridges, Bugle, Amos Morse,
Silence Clark,
Nancy Ellis,
Oliver Plimpton,
Eliza Clapp,
Samuel Cheney, William E. Clarke,
Charlotte Plimpton.
Newell Ellis, Otis Pettee, M. P. Sturtevant, David Bushee, J. Sherman,
Joseph Barney, Walter McFarland,
Caleb Haskell, Whipple Freeman,
Elijah Story,
Joseph Davenport, Benjamin Davenport, jr., Orrin Calbin,
Moses Craft,
Elisha Wiswall, Matthias Collins,
Frederick Cabot,
Rufus Ellis,
and others.
George Winsor,
A Mr. Bartlett, from Boston, taught a singing-school in the old tavern in - the fall and winter of 1827-8, and sung in the choir at the dedication of the meeting-house in February, 1828. Jotham Colburn taught a music-school in the old tavern house several winters prior to 1832, and occasionally played on an instrument in the church.
UNIVERSALIST SOCIETY.
A Society of the Universalist denomination was organized for religious worship at Newton Upper Falls, in September, 1841. A meeting-house was erected on High Street, at a cost of about thirteen hundred dollars, and dedicated in May, 1842. The twenty- two original proprietors were as follows :
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