USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > Dunstable > History of the town of Dunstable, Massachusetts, from its earliest settlement to the year of Our Lord 1873 > Part 4
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He was followed by the Rev. Amos Cheever, H. C. 1707, who labored here at a salary of £40 per annum from 1713 to 1715 ; subsequent to this, a call was extended to the Rev. John Pierpont of Reading to settle at a salary of £80 a year ; the Rev. Enoch Coffin, of Newbury, H. C. 1714, was then
39
A PERAMBULATION.
1723]
invited to become the pastor of the church, but he also declined the invitation. Thus one minister after another sup- plied the pulpit at Dunstable until Aug. 20, 1720, when the town gave a call to the Rev. Nathaniel Prentice, H. C. 1714, to settle in the ministry with the same salary before offered to Mr. Coffin, and a " settlement" of fico. It was also voted, Dec. 8 of the same year, that after his marriage Mr. Prentice " should have a sufficient supply of wood, or ten pounds of passable money in lieu thereof yearly." He had at this time probably been ordained, and not long afterwards married Mary, daughter of Col. Jonathan Tyng.
PERAMBULATION OF THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN DUNSTABLE AND DRACUT.
DECEMBR In ye year 1723.
Renewing the bounds between Dunstable and Dracut by order of the selectmen of Each town beginning at a pine tree on the North side of beaver Brook in Sight of sd Brook being marked and lettered with E it being fallen down we have Laid stones about it from thence Running Southard by the old marked trees many of them Lettered wth D D til we came Near to a place Called Stone Dam then Not finding the old bounds we agreed both parties to mark a pine wh stands on the East Side of beaver Brook four Rods from Sd Dam wh tree is Lettered wth D D and stands by it wh frsd tree & Stone both parties a Greed to be a bound between Sd Towns from Sd bound tree Running Southward to a pine tree marked and Lettered D D So Running to a pine marked and stones about it Near to a pine tree wh is called the Southeast angle of Henry Kimbles farm & from Sd pine tree we Renewed the old bounds to Long pond then Run- ning by the pond Part of the way to an oak tree then the Sd bound Lost both Comittyes a Greed upon a Line off marked trees Crag Rock to be the bounds between Sd towns wh trees are lettered wth D. D. and then we Renewed the old bounds to marrimac River this is our mutual agreement that the Sd lines shall stand good for Ever and it is a Greed that the bounds wh is mentioned shall be entered in Dunstable & Dracut Town Books.
JOSEPH BLANCHARD his JOSEPH X BUTTERFIELD. mark.
Being the major part of the Comity of the Town of Dunstable appointed for sd work.
Being the whole of the Comity of Dracut.
THOS. VARNUM. JOSEPH VARNUM. SAML COLBURN.
SAMUEL DANFORTH,
Surveyor.
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HISTORY OF DUNSTABLE.
[1724
CHAPTER IV.
INDIAN HOSTILITIES RENEWED. - DESTRUCTION OF THE COMPANY OF LIEUT. EBENEZER FRENCH. - A CURIOUS EPITAPH. - A BOUNTY FOR INDIAN SCALPS. - CAPT. JOHN LOVEWELL'S FIRST EXPEDITION. - HIS SECOND EXPEDITION. - EXTRACT FROM HIS JOURNAL. - HIS LAST EXPEDITION. - HIS MEN ESTABLISH A SMALL FORT AT OSSIPEE LAKE. - HIS EN- COUNTER WITH PAUGUS AT PEQUAWKET. - THE BATTLE. - LOVEWELL AND PAUGUS KILLED. - EN. SETH. WYMAN. - JONATHAN ROBBINS AND OTHERS LEFT ON THE FIELD. - RETURN OF THE SURVIVORS. - COL. ELEAZAR TYNG VISITS THE SCENE OF ACTION AND BURIES THE BODIES OF THE SLAIN. - BOUNTY PAID TO SOLDIERS AND THEIR FAMILIES. - CHARACTER OF CAPT. LOVEWELL. - DISCOURSE OF THE REV. THOMAS SYMMES OF BRADFORD. - THE FAMOUS BALLAD OF CAPT. LOVEWELL'S FIGHT. - STANZAS BY THE LATE T. C. UPHAM. - RESULT OF PEACE ON DUNSTABLE. - DIVISION OF THE TOWN. - SECTIONS SET OFF TO LON- DONDERRY AND TOWNSEND. - NOTTINGHAM. - LITCHFIELD. - MERRI- MACK. - DEATH OF MR. PRENTICE. - SETTLEMENT OF REV. JOSIAH SWAN. - HOLLIS. - THE BOUNDARY LINE BETWEEN MASSACHUSETTS AND NEW HAMPSHIRE ESTABLISHED.
"From Indian wars this colony suffered more than any of her sisters." SALMA HALE.
" Old men shall shake the head and say, 'Sad was the hour and terrible When Lovewell brave 'gainst Paugus went With fifty men from Dunstable.'"
THOMAS C. UPHAM.
INSTIGATED by the Marquis de Vaudreuil, governor of Canada, and the celebrated Jesuit, Sebastian Rale, whose headquarters were at Norridgewock, the Indians continued to commit depredations on the frontier settlements of Maine and New Hampshire ; nor did the killing of Rale and the seven chiefs endeavoring to protect him (Aug. 12, 1724) serve in any way to repress the danger. Anxiety and fear prevailed in every family along the border, the garrisons were strength- ened, and scouting parties sent out to clear the wilderness of
41
PETITION OF JOSIAH FARWELL.
1724]
the wily foe. A company under Lieut. Jabez Fairbanks of Groton, having in it Joseph Blanchard, Ebenezer Cummings, Jonathan Coombs, Thomas Lund, Isaac Farwell, and John Usher, of Dunstable, spent the early part of the year 1724 in searching for the enemy on Nashua River, Nissitisset Hills, now a part of Pepperell, at the Mine Falls,* Naticook, and other suspected places in the neighborhood.
On the 4th of September a party of French and of Mohawk Indians came to Dunstable and carried into captivity Nathan Cross and Thomas Blanchard, whom they found employed in getting turpentine in the pine forest along the northerly mar- gin of the Nashua River. A party of ten men or more, under command of Lieut. Ebenezer French, whose farm was on the easterly side of Nutting's Hill, at once proceeded in pursuit of them. One of the company, Josiah Farwell, an old Indian hunter, who had married Hannah, sister of John Lovewell, warned the leader to beware of falling into an ambuscade ; but he, too venturesome, replied, " I am going to take the direct path. If any of you are not afraid, follow me !"
They followed him, and on arriving at what is now Thorn- ton's Ferry on the Merrimack River, they were waylaid, fired upon by the treacherous enemy, and all the party, excepting Mr. Farwell, who had concealed himself in a clump of bushes, were either killed upon the spot or taken captives. Judge Samuel Penhallow gives the following version of the affair :-
"Sept. 4th, the Indians fell on Dunstable and took two in the evening. Next morning, Lieut. French with 14 men went in quest of them ; but being waylaid, both he and one half of his men were destroyed. After that, as many more of a fresh company engaged them ; but the enemy being much superior in number, overpowered them with the loss of one man and four wounded."
In a petition of Josiah Farwell, on the records of the prov- ince, another account is given : -
" Nov. II, 1724, Josiah Farwell says he was among the ten who were ambushed by the Indians, that many of the English were killed, the
* So called because lead ore had been discovered in this vicinity anterior to 1682, when the " Mine Islands " were laid out to Hezekiah Usher.
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HISTORY OF DUNSTABLE.
[1724
rest were overpowered and forced to fly, that he lost his gun, coat and three pounds in money, and prays an allowance, he thinks they killed some of the enemy, he was allowed £5."
The bodies of eight of those killed were recovered, and buried in one grave. The names of seven are given in the Boston News Letter as follows: Lieut. Ebenezer French, Thomas Lund, Oliver Farwell, and Ebenezer Cummings, of Dunstable, Daniel Baldwin and John Burbank of Woburn, and Mr. Johnson of Plainfield. The name of the other man was Benjamin Carter. Four rude headstones in the old ceme- tery at Little's Station, not far north of the State line, com- memorate the sad event.
On visiting this sacred enclosure some time since, which I found to be well enclosed but covered in part with pine-trees and wild shrubbery, I copied the following quaint inscrip- tion : -
" Memento mori. Here lies the body of Mr. Thomas Lund who de- parted this life, Sept. 5, 1724, in the 42d year of his age. This man with seven more that lies in this grave was slew all in a day by the Indians."
Beside this memorial stone are three others bearing the same date and the names respectively of Mr. Benjamin Car- ter, aged twenty-three years, Mr. Ebenezer Cummings, aged twenty-nine years, and Lieut. Oliver Farwell, aged thirty-three years.
After remaining some time in Canada and enduring many hardships, the captives, Nathan Cross and Thomas Blanchard, together with William Lund who had been taken captive in 1724, effected their redemption, and returned rejoicing to Dunstable.
Under such aggravating acts of Indian barbarity, it was deemed advisable to carry on the war more vigorously, and to this end bounties for scalps were again offered by the govern- ment and volunteer companies organized.
In answer to a petition of John Lovewell, Josiah Farwell, and Jonathan Robbins, all of whom were well skilled in Indian warfare, it was voted by the General Court, Nov. 17, 1724, " that they may be allowed two shillings and sixpence
43
CAPT. LOVEWELL'S JOURNAL.
1725]
per diem each, and also the sum of £100* for each male scalp."
Immediately after the decision of the Assembly, Lovewell raised a companyt of thirty men, of which he was commis- sioned captain, and commenced an expedition into the wil- derness. On the 10th of November his lieutenant, Josiah Farwell, received at Haverhill "four hundred and eighty- seven pound and one-half of good bread" for the use of the soldiers, and on the 19th of December they fell upon an Indian trail about forty-four miles above "Winnepisockee Pond." They soon came up to a wigwam, where they killed and scalped an Indian, and took a boy, about fifteen years old, captive. With these trophies they returned to Boston, when " the lieutenant-governor and council were pleased to give them," says the News Letter of Jan. 7, 1725, " £50 over and above £150 allowed them by law."
Encouraged by this success, the gallant Lovewell soon raised another volunteer company of eighty-eight men, among whom were his brother Zaccheus Lovewell, Thomas Colburn, Peter Powers, Josiah Cummings, Henry Farwell, William Ayers, Samuel Fletcher, and others, of Dunstable, and on the 30th of January, 1724-5, set forth on a second expedition against the enemy.
In this journey he came up with the Indians near a pond, since known as Lovewell's Pond, at the head of one of the branches of Salmon Falls River, now in the town of Wake- field, N. H., killed the whole party, ten in all, and returning, entered Boston, with the scalps stretched on poles, and claimed the bounty.
In his journal of the expedition Capt. Lovewell, under date of Feb. 20, says : -
"We Travelled about 5 miles & came upon a Wigwam that the Indians had lately gone from, & then we pursued their tracks 2 miles further, & discovered their smokes, and there tarried till about 2 o'clock in the
* The pound was then worth about $1.36, according to our present mode of reckoning.
t He, or Jonathan Tyng, was probably the originator of the volunteer system in this State, men having hitherto been raised only by draft or impressment, as it was sometimes denominated.
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HISTORY OF DUNSTABLE.
[1725
morning, & then came upon their Wigwams & killed Ten Indian Men, which were all that were there, & not one escaped alive."
" During the march," says Penhallow, "our men were well entertained with moose, bear, and deer, together with salmon trout, some of which were three feet long and weighed twelve pounds apiece."
On the fifteenth day of April, 1725, the intrepid Lovewell, at the head of a well-armed band of forty-seven men, of whom some had shared the dangers of his first expedition, left Dunstable with the intention of attacking the Pequaw- kets,* under the noted sachem Paugus, whose headquarters were in a charming valley on the Saco River, in what is now the town of Fryeburg, Me. The distance was more than two hundred miles and the country to be traversed a dreary wil- derness, with only here and there an Indian trail or the track of a beast of prey. Such an adventure demanded men inured to hardship, fond of daring exploits, fearless of peril, and such indeed Lovewell and his comrades were. As given by the Rev. Thomas Symmes, their names were Capt. John Love - well, Lieut. Josiah Farwell, Lieut. Jonathan Robbins, Ensign John Harwood, Sergeant Noah Johnson, Robert Usher, Samuel Whiting, Benjamin Hassell (purposely omitted by Mr. Symmes), William Cummings, t and Toby (a Mohawk Indian), ; of Dunstable ; Ensign Seth Wyman, Corp. Thomas Richard- son, Timothy Richardson, Ichabod Johnson, and Josiah Johnson, of Woburn; Eleazer Davis, Josiah Davis, Josiah Jones, David Melvin, Eleazer Melvin, Jacob Farrah, and Joseph Farrah, of Concord; Jonathan Frye, of Andover ; Sergt. Jacob Fullam, of Weston ; Corp. Edward Lingfield and Benjamin Kidder,} of Nutfield ; Jonathan Kittridge and Solomon Keyes, of Billerica ; John Jefts, Daniel Woods, Thomas Woods, John Chamberlain, Elias Barron, Isaac Lakin, and Joseph Gilson, of Groton ; Ebenezer Ayer and Abiel Astin, of Haverhill.
* The meaning of Pequawket is, according to Judge C. E. Potter, a " crooked place."
t Not given by Mr. Symmes.
# Mr. Symmes does not give all the names. The number mentioned by the com- mittee on granting the land to the men subsequently, who probably had the roll
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LOVEWELL'S LAST FIGHT.
1725]
After marching a short distance, Toby, a Mohawk Indian, falling lame, was obliged to return to the plantation. On arriving at Contocook, noted for the famous exploit of Mrs. Hannah Duston, William Cummings, of Dunstable, becoming disabled from a wound previously received from the Indians, was sent back in charge of one of his kinsmen.
When the company arrived at the westerly margin of the Great Ossipee* Lake, Benjamin Kidder, becoming unable to proceed farther, Capt. Lovewell erected here a small stockade fort, in which he left the sick soldier, under the care of the surgeon, Dr. William Ayer, of Haverhill. He also detailed eight soldiers to remain as a reserve and a guard of the fort.
Pressing onward with the rest of his company for about twenty miles, the heroic captain arrived, on the evening of the 7th of May, at the northwesterly margin of a beautiful sheet of water, about two miles long and half a mile wide, since known as Lovewell's Pond, and silently encamped for the night. No trace of the enemy had yet been observed, and nothing but some confused noises in the distance, perhaps the howling of wolves, or Indian voices at the village of Pequawket, about two miles towards the west, caused any alarm ; but while engaged in their devotions about eight o'clock on the following morning (Saturday, May 8), they were startled by the report of a musket, which proceeded from the opposite shore of the pond. They then observed an Indian at the dis- tance of about a mile, standing on a point of land extending into the lake, and supposing that he was acting as a decoy to draw them into danger, held a consultation as to whether it were advisable for them to advance or to return.
" We came out to meet the enemy," said the chaplain, young Jonathan Frye, of Andover, "we have all along prayed God
of the company before them, was forty-seven. In his History of Manchester, Judge Potter gives the names of those left in the fort at Ossipee as follows : Sergt. Nathaniel Woods, Ebenezer Hulbert, and Edward Spooney, of Dunstable ; Dr. William Ayer, of Haverhill; Benjamin Kidder and John Goffe, of Nutfield ; John Gilson, of Groton; Isaac and Zachariah Whitney, of Concord ; and Zebediah Astin, of Haverhill.
* The meaning of this Indian word is said to be "the river of the pines."
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HISTORY OF DUNSTABLE. [1725
that we might find them, and we had rather trust Providence with our lives - yea, die for our country - than try to return without seeing them, if we may, and be called cowards for our pains."
Complying with this request, Capt. Lovewell ordered his men to move cautiously forward. Arriving soon at a smooth plain, with here and there a pine-tree, the men divested them- selves of their packs, which they piled up together, under the supposition that the main body of the enemy was in front of them. Having then proceeded through the forest for about a mile, they came suddenly upon the Indian hunter whom they had before descried upon the point of land across the lake. He was leisurely returning to his people with a couple of mus- kets and a brace of ducks upon his shoulder. Several guns were instantly discharged at him, when, replying, he seriously wounded Capt. Lovewell and Mr. Samuel Whiting with beaver shot. Ensign Seth Wyman, then firing, killed the Indian, and Chaplain Frye, assisted by another person, took off his scalp.
The company then turned back, and moved along with their wounded leader towards the open spot where they had left their packs. But in the mean time Paugus, at the head of about eighty warriors, on their way home from an expedition down the Saco River, discovered the pile of packs, and judg- ing from the number that the English force was much less than his own, determined to engage in battle. He therefore placed his men in ambush and awaited the arrival of his foe. When Lovewell's company came up for their packs, the Indians rushed suddenly from their hiding-places, three or four deep, with their guns presented, as if supposing that their very numbers would induce the English to surrender ; but they were disappointed. Bravely Capt. Lovewell's men advanced upon the savages until within a few yards' distance, when the combatants on both sides opened a destructive fire.
The war-whoop mingled with the roar of musketry, and the scene of bloodshed was appalling. Many of the Indians fell, and Capt. Lovewell, with eight of his heroic band, was soon left dead upon the field. Three of his men were severely
47
PAUGUS AND WYMAN.
1725]
wounded. Those killed upon the spot were Capt. John Lovewell and Ensign John Harwood, of Dunstable, Sergt. Jacob Fullam, of Weston, John Jefts and Ichabod Johnson, of Woburn, Daniel and Thomas Woods, of Groton, Josiah Davis, of Concord, and Jonathan Kittridge, of Billerica. The wounded were Lieut. Josiah Farwell, Lieut. Jonathan Robbins, and Robert Usher, of Dunstable .*
Having met with such a fearful loss and being almost cir- cumvented by the enemy, the English, now under the com- mand of Ensign Seth Wyman, withdrew to the pond, which served to protect them in the rear, while on their right an unfordable stream, and on their left a rocky point in part defended them. Their front was also covered by a deep morass. In this fortunate position they bravely maintained themselves against the superior number of their enemies for the remainder of the day. About three o'clock in the after- noon the gallant Chaplain Frye was severely wounded.t The fight was rendered the more terrible by the fiendish yelling and the horrid grimaces of the Indians, who at one time held up ropes, inviting the English to surrender. They, however, pointing to the muzzles of their muskets, signified in reply that rather than to be taken captive they would fight to the bitter end.
In the latter part of the engagement, Paugus, whose name signifies " Oak Tree," the long-dreaded chief of the Pequawkets, fell, and probably, as the ancient ballad states, by a shot from Ensign Wyman, though a popular tradition ascribes the exploit to John Chamberlain, of Groton.
Standing near each other, and loading their pieces on the margin of the lake, it is said that Paugus, in the act of forcing down his ball, cried out to Wyman, " Me kill you quick !" To whom the latter answered, "May be not !" when his gun, priming itself, gave him in point of time the advantage, ena-
* See the Rev. Thomas Symmes's narrative.
t Son of Capt. James Frye, of Andover, Il. C. 1723, and about twenty years of age at the time of his death. The beautiful town of Fryeburg, Me., perpetuates his name. An elm-tree, set out by him at the time of his departure from home, is still flourishing.
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HISTORY OF DUNSTABLE.
[1725
bling him by a well-directed shot to lay the sachem weltering in his gore upon the strand .*
Either from the loss of men or of their leader, want of ammunition, or some other cause, the Indians withdrew from the contest a little after sunset, removing most of their dead and all of their wounded from the field, and soon afterwards the men that remained of Lovewell's Spartan band, now desti- tute of powder and provisions, resolved to leave the fatal spot and make their way back, if possible, to the stockade fort on Lake Ossipee. But some of them had lost too much blood to undertake such a journey. Jacob Farrar was just expiring by the pond. Lieut. Jonathan Robbins, unable to proceed, desired that his gun might be loaded and laid beside him. "For," said he, "the Indians will come in the morning to scalp me, and I'll kill one more of them, if I can !" Robert Usher, also of Dunstable, was too much exhausted to be removed from the spot. Leaving, then, regretfully these three dying companions, the rest of the men, of whom eleven had been wounded, started on their journey of more than twenty miles to the fort. Having travelled about a mile and a half, Chap- lain Frye, Lieut. Josiah Farwell, Eleazer Davis, and Josiah Jones gave their free consent to be left on the way, hoping that aid might be sent back to them, but the two former per- ished in the wilderness. Chaplain Frye, after travelling some distance, sunk under his wounds, telling his companions that he was dying, and that he should never rise more, at the same time " charging Davis," says Mr. Symmes, "if it should please God to bring him home, to go to his father, and tell him that he expected in a few hours to be in eternity, and that he was not afraid to die." Lieut. Farwell (b. Aug. 27, 1698) died of exhaustion on the eleventh day after the fight. Davis, who was wounded in the body and had one thumb shot off, reached Berwick in a deplorable condition on the 27th of May ; and Jones came in at Saco, after wandering, with a severe wound in his body, fourteen days in the wilderness. On arriving at the fort, faint and famishing, the little party under Lieut. Wyman
* See Kidder's Expeditions of Capt. John Lovewell, p. 104 ; also Butler's History of Groton, p. 104.
49
ESTATE OF CAPT. LOVEWELL.
1725]
had the grief to find the place abandoned, since at the very commencement of the fight, Benjamin Hassell, supposing all to be lost, had fled, and on reaching the fort had so intimi- dated the occupants that they all deserted it and made their way back as best they could, arriving on the 11th of May at Dunstable. Ensign Wyman returned home* with his men on the 15th of May ; and on the 17th of the same month, Col. Eleazer Tyng, with a company of eighty-seven men, proceeded to the scene of conflict, and there found and buried the bodies of Capt. John Lovewell, Ensign Jonathan Robbins, Ensign John Harwood, Robert Usher, Sergt. Jacob Fullam, Jacob Farrar, Josiah Davis, Thomas Woods, Daniel Woods, John Jefts, Ichabod Johnson, and Jonathan Kittridge. He also dug up and identified the body of the brave Paugus.
When Dr. Jeremy Belknap visited the scene of the action, he discovered the names of the fallen heroes which Col. Tyng had inscribed upon the trees, and also the holes from which he had taken bullets.
For the defence of Dunstable during the absence of Col. Tyng, Col. Flagg was ordered to detach from his regiment " a sergeant and twelve effective, able-bodied men, well armed for his Majesty's service, for the security and reinforcement of Dunstable until the return of Col. Tyng and his company. They must be posted at the garrisons of Joseph Bloghead [Blodgett], Nathaniel Hill, John Taylour, and John Lovewell, and three sentinels in each garrison, and the sergeant in that of the four that is nearest the centre. Boston, May 19, 1725."
Capt. Lovewell was the son of John Lovewell, and was born in Dunstable, Oct. 14, 1691. He married Hannah
by whom he had three children : John, born June 30, 1718 ; Hannah, born July 24, 1721; and Nehemiah, born Jan. 9, 1726. An inventory of his real and personal estate may be seen in Kidder's Expeditions of Capt. Fohn Lovewell, p. 93. His
* Soon after his return he was presented with a captain's commission and a silver-hilted sword. He raised a company, and died soon afterwards while scout- ing for the enemy above Dunstable. The court presented his widow, née Sarah Ross of Billerica, the sum of twenty pounds sterling.
4
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HISTORY OF DUNSTABLE.
[1726
lands and meadows, in all about two hundred acres, and the buildings thereon, together with the half part of a saw-mill, were estimated at £420. In answer to a petition of Hannah Lovewell to the General Court, June 8, 1726, " it was resolved that fifty pounds be paid to Capt. Henry Farwell and Col. E. Tyng with which to discharge the claims against the estate of the late Capt. Lovewell." Fifteen hundred pounds were granted to the widows and children of the deceased soldiers, and in consideration of the services of Capt. Lovewell and his brave associates, the General Court also (Aug. 7, 1728) granted to them and to the legal representatives of such as had deceased, " a township of six miles square, lying on both sides of Merrimack River." This tract of land, then called Suncook and afterwards Lovewell's Town, was "to commence where Pennicook grant terminated." It is now the town of Pembroke, N. H. Capt. Lovewell lived on the margin of Salmon Brook, on which he and his father had a saw-mill. It was voted by the town, Sept. 2, 1718, " that they should have liberty to build a dam in the highway " over that brook, and the mill was subsequently established. The powder-horn which the hero of Pequawket used in the fight is still pre- served by one of his descendants.
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