USA > Massachusetts > Worcester County > Winchendon > History of the town of Winchendon (Worcester County, Mass.) from the grant of Ipswich Canada, in 1735, to the present time > Part 45
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Another meeting was held on the 16th of August-Joseph S. Wat- son in the chair-when, on motion of Seth Tucker, it was voted :
" That this town will pay to each man that will enlist, within the next fif- teen days, to make up the quota of this town, of the last 300,000 men called for by the government, the sum of $100, upon their being sworn into service."
From this vote it may be inferred that the report in respect to the filling of the quota had been premature. However, the men were raised in time, and the town kept in advance of the demands made upon it throughout the war. The Treasurer was authorized to borrow, under the direction of the Selectmen, a sum of money not exceeding $5,000, to carry into effect the above vote. About this time a call came for nine months men, in consequence of which a town meeting was held on the 13th of September, when it was voted :
"To pay to each volunteer-an inhabitant of this town,-to fill a company of nine months men from this town, under the last call of the government for 300,000 men, the sum of $100, upon their being sworn into the service of the United States."
During this year the amount paid to the families of volunteers, was $1,095.65.
The names of the men who volunteered during the year 1862, un- der the calls specified above, with the date when their term of service expired, here follows : In Co. I, Twenty-sixth Regiment, whose term closed in February, 1865, were the following volunteers from this town, viz :
Baldwin, H. H., Ball, Jos. J. T.,
Beal, Madison,
Brooks, Levi W.,
.
492
HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
Clough, Lewis V.,
Parks, Elwin A.,
Elford, William,
Powers, Henry,
Fitzgerald, Michael,
Powers, Warren,
Prentiss, Samuel H.,
Rich, Jerome T.,
Hyde, Alfred,
Sawtell, Orcasto L.,
Knowlton, George,
Lawrence, Houghton,
Taylor, Eardley N., Townsend, William.
The following were in Co. D, Thirtieth Regiment, and their term ex- pired in April, 1865 : David Caswell, Frederick Leland, Alson Nor- cross, Charles Samson and John Spalding. In Co. D, Thirty-fourth Regiment, was Paul Paro, whose term expired in August, 1865. In Co. B, Thirty-second Regiment, was Whitney Thompson ; term expired August, 1865. Wesley B. Baldwin enlisted in the Sixth Battery.
Company D, Thirty-sixth Regiment, whose term expired in August, 1865, had the following men from Winchendon, viz :
Alger, Cyrus, Allen, Austin E., Bosworth, Henry E.,
Breen, Peter,
Brooks, George W.,
Howard, Marcus M.,
Brown, Frederick M., Byam, Charles F.,
Lippit, Joseph, Morrill, Oscar,
Chase, Daniel W.,
Chase, William D.,
Perry, Francis D.,
Coburn, M. Van Buren,
Plummer, George E.,
Combs, John L.,
Cutter, John C.,
Powers, Hiram E., Rich, J. Munroe, Rich, Robert T., Sawtell, Alden,
Damon, Theodore F.,
Demary, John M.,
Felch, Samuel C.,
Smith, William 2d, Tatro, Marcus, Tenny, James H.,
Foskett, Liberty W.,
Foskett, Wellington,
French, Adam Ë.,
Whitney, Franklin L.,
Gilman, Jeremiah,
Wilder, B. Oliver,
Godding, Edward,
Williams, Alfred H.
The following enlisted under the call dated October 7, for three years.
Bruce, Robert,
Doyle, Luke,
Dunn, Isaac J.,
Chiller, Frank, Farnum, William S., Snow, Henry E.
Near the close of the year 1862, the Fifty-third Regiment of nine-
Hale, Livesey B.,
Hayden, Charles W., Holman, Albert G., Hale, S. B.,
Chamberlain, Stillman F.,
Parker, Cornelius G.,
Partridge, Greenwood,
Fisher, C. B.,
Warner, Edwin T.,
Gowan, George, Harwood, Joseph H.
492
HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
months men was formed, and left for the Gulf of Mexico, and the re- gion of the lower Mississippi. In Co. H of this Regiment, were the following men from Winchendon, viz :
Alger, Edward,
Mitchell, John, Moore, Dexter,
Baldwin, John, Beaman, William P .. Bickford. Leander E.,
Mosman. Orange. McLennan. Donald.
Bowker, Joseph, Bryant, G. Q. A.,
Norcross, Alson, Norcross, Salmon A ..
Buttrick, H. Newell,
Carriel, Almon E ..
Packard, Freeman A.,
Coburn, Charles E.,
Page. George.
Fitzgerald, Patrick,
Parks, George H.,
Flint, Eleazar,
Piper, George H.,
Flint, William M.,
Putney Charles,
Gibson, A. A ..
Raymond, James A ..
Gorman, Isaac.
Reed. Sidney L.,
Handy, Jonathan,
Smith, William J ..
Harding, Darius H.,
Stearns, Charles T.,
Hartwell, John H.,
Sweetzer, Joseph,
Hill, Josiah,
Tatro, Charles.
Hill. Theodore J ..
Tatro. Lewis.
Houghton, John M.
Warren. Charles A ..
Hubbard. Timothy F.,
Wyman, John M.
Kinney, John O.,
Nimms, Samuel H.,
Of the men from this town the following died before the close of the year 1862; viz : Levi W. Brooks. Theodore F. Damon. G. C. Parker. George H. Matthews. Josiah T. Towne, James S. Stratton. Thomas Wells, J. Henry Lake, Albert G. Nutting, and perhaps others. The Thirty-sixth Regiment was in the battle of Antietam, and our men shared in the peril and the victory. Stratton was con nous in the combats near Newbern. N. C., and fought like a true soldier at Antie- tam, where he was killed. Lake was killed at Chantilly, Sept. 27. doing his duty. Matthews, equally faithful, was mortally wounded at Roanoke, on the Sth of February. Others received wounds in the ser- vice.
The bodies of several of those who had fallen in the field. or had died by lingering disease in the camp, were brought home for burial. There was a peculiar interest in the funerals, which were largely attended by those who sympathized with the bereaved relatives, and who respected the heroic dead. Much was done also in sending out supplies to the
494
HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
soldiers, who were always kept in thoughtful remembrance while absent at the post of duty and exposure.
SECTION 7 .- RECORD OF 1863.
At the March meeting it was voted " not to enforce the collection of the poll tax assessed upon volunteers in the service, and 'that where the poll tax has been paid, it should be refunded ; " and on the 27th of April, it was voted, " that the Selectmen be instructed to render aid to all such families of volunteers for which, under any law, the town may be reimbursed by the State." This looks, on the face of it, as if the money paid to the families of soldiers, cost nothing to the town ; but it will be borne in mind, that the town was taxed to enable the State to grant the " aid." The action of the State only served to equalize the burden throughout the Commonwealth. At this date sixty-five of the enrolled militia were in the service of the United States.
At another meeting held on the 3d of November, the town voted "that the Selectmen be instructed to pay and adjust the town's proportion of the tax created by virtue of chap. 218 of the Acts of 1863, in accord- ance with sec. 9 of said Acts."
The amount of aid furnished to families of volunteers during the year ending December 31, 1863, was 86,420.68.
After the Fifty-third Regiment sailed from New York for the south- west, in January, there was but little volunteering in this town, except as returned soldiers re-enlisted. Among those who entered the service a second time, were Jaques Gowing, Stephen Miller, Everard Alger, John Simonds, Lewis V. Clough, Jerome T. Rich, George H. Parks, and it may be others.
This was?" Fear of mourning in many households. Among those killed in batte were the following : Rollins E. Hartwell, a good soldier, fell at Chancellorville, in May. Frederick Maynard sprang at the foe, at Gettysburg, and was killed by a ball in his forehead, on the 3d of July. Elwin A. Parks was killed at Lafourche, La., on the 21st of June. Others were killed either in this year or the next ; as Peter Breen, S. B. Hale, Alden J. Sawtell. Timothy F. Hubbard was killed by the fall of a tree, on the 23d of March. He was sitting in his tent, between his friends Bryant and Stearns. He had been reading in the Testament, and also a letter from his wife, which was still in his hand, while a smile was on his face. The wind was high, a limb was broken
from the tree overhead, and came omaking through the tent. It surask Hubbard on the head, leaving His Biende harmed. He died in a few hours. .
The number who died in the army wie lange, especially of Dose be- longing to the Fly-third Bezmess Biviri Alger ded to : 182 of July: H. N. Barsick. Mar 18 : Joda Balivin, May 2: D. H. Harding, Anga : Josla HI. July 19: Theodore J. HMM. Jme Di : D. M.Clemaan, July 2 : Charles Pomer. 28: 24 : JAmos A. BAT- mond, February 19 : William J. Smith, Mama 28 : Joks May 20. Members of order Regiments Bed an che Booming dates : George E. Plummer. November 16: Himm E. Powers, September 20 : George Kaowiona, May : Lesoder E. Bieldei died a bozze, Muy 16. Probably oibers Hed this year.
The liberality of the pricems in mising money and sending out say- plies to their friends in the field wie peuse worthy. Besides, ooomin- tions were frequently maude to che Samicery and Christine Dommussios. in promoting the same ikjent. The amount giren in these and odber ways, will be sammei is mooiber piace.
U'ader che call for nine months men, Le might have been reismed in the record of the pre Winchendon company. As the Regiment no vil:
sail and the beginning subject in bonnes til his year's events. By M enie with zes
pany was formed which was called the Windbesito Company. or more of the members more from this town. T. B. Savrer vis dar- sen cartain, and A. A. Gibson, Erst Bentesant. Seremi of the pre- commissioned ofcers belonged bere, so that Co. E vas mily :Ererei by Winchendes men, and the interest and prode :/ he ermonems were enlisted in its fortanes. Bar ie so bayremed cha: is commissicoed of- ficers, through all the time of service, were al inom odber towns. Care. Sawyer resigned, and Lient. Lymas Wowiwisi of Ettbarista, was chosen in his piace. Mr. Gibson was chosen irse lentecana, and then resigned, when George E. Priest of Water. T.
The Erst seriedc: Carruth of Phillipsten, became secondi was Oren Marvan of Hubbaristo ,deren duties were performed by Charies I. Steams, second serjeant. Tris
496
HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
result was the source of regret, but it was mitigated by the fact that the officers were competent, and had the confidence of the men. The company went into camp at Groton Junction, in October, 1862 ; sailed for New York on the last of November, and after a tedious delay, in cold and wet, in that city, embarked, early in January, 1863, on board the Mississippi, for the Gulf of Mexico. There was however so much sickness among the men, it was deemed prudent to put them on shore. In about a fortnight, that is, on the 16th of January, the Regiment shipped in the steamer Continental for New Orleans. They had a rough passage, in which they suffered much from storms of wind and rain, as well as from fire and sickness, in close quarters, but reached New Or- leans on the last day of January. From that day, till they started for home, via the Mississippi, and the northern railroads, the company was in constant service, and took part in several conflicts. They had the pleasure of seeing Port Hudson fall on the 8th of July. In the siege, Co. H, in common with the Regiment, was exposed to imminent peril, and rendered efficient service under fire ; but lost not a single man in action.
The government being in need of more troops, and the volunteers coming in slowly, resort was had to conscription. An Act was passed by Congress for recruiting the forces of the United States, and a new enrollment of men liable to do military duty, was ordered. The enroll- ing officer for Winchendon was Hon. Giles H. Whitney. The enroll- ment was ordered for July 1, 1863. The enrolled men were divided into two classes. The first included all between twenty and thirty-five years, and the unmarried men and widowers between thirty-five and for- ty-five. The second class comprised the married men who were more than thirty-five but under forty-five years of age. The number required of Winchendon was eighty-three. Of these, only one man went into the service, viz : Sidney N. Smith. Twenty-four others were found, on examination, to be qualified, but they paid the commutation fee of $300, and were not required to take the field. The remainder, being fifty- eight, were aliens, or disabled, or had relations dependent on them, and 60 were not liable to do military duty under the call. The following are the names of those who paid the required $300. Some of them found it difficult to raise the money and they deserve due credit, because the fee was their direct contribution for the preservation of their country.
.
HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
497
Adams, Walter R.,
Parker, Samuel W.,
Aldrich, Marcus,
Rice. Charles J ..
Baldwin, Marcus M.,
Robbins, Amos D.,
Shaler, Adam M.,
Brown, Frederic P., Childs, Andrew A.,
Sibley, Charles,
Dray, Edward,
Sibley, Delano H.,
Dunn, Josiah J.,
Stevens, Charles A.,
Hayward, Charles B.,
Streeter, A. W.,
Kemp, Horatio J.,
Sullivan, Patrick,
Nutting, Wm. H.,
Wilson, Edward E.,
Plummer, Charles W.,
Wilson, Milton A.,
Parks, Wm. M.,
Woodward, Amos.
Under the call of October 17, 1863, the following men enlisted, viz : Robert Bruce, Luke Doyle, Isaac J. Dunn, Frank Chiller, Wm. O. Farnum, and Henry E. Snow. Farnum was not accepted, and Snow ran off, leaving four to enter the service.
SECTION 8 .- RECRUITING IN 1864.
At the annual town meeting, March 7, 1864, it was voted to raise 82000, State aid, for the families of volunteers.
Meetings of citizens were held in April, May and June, to raise money by subscription, with which to procure men,-residents or otherwise,- to fill out the quota of the town. This statement explains the following action of the town.
At a regular town meeting held on the 25th of April, it was voted " to raise 84,100, to be applied, under the direction of the Selectmen, in reimbursing individuals for money already contributed and paid, in aid of, and for the purpose of procuring its proportion of the quota of vomunteers in the military service called for from this Commonwealth, under the order of the President of the United States, dated October 17, 1863, and February 1, 1864 ; and that the money be assessed up- on the polls and estates of the inhabitants and non-residents of the town, and paid into the treasury as other taxes are paid."
On the 30th of July the town instructed the treasurer " to borrow a sum of money not exceeding $7000, to be applied under the direction of the Selectmen, to pay one hundred and twenty-five dollars for each man applied to the quota of the town since March 1, 1864."
The war expenses for the year 1864, were 89.677.62.
The greater part of the soldiers secured this year, were procured through brokers, at considerable expense. It is impossible to state ex-
498
HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
actly how many men were obtained, or what was paid for each, as no record was kept by the town, and the papers of committees are in a chaotic state. The raising of money, and the procuring of men, were done by committees chosen at meetings of the citizens. The money . raised thus by subscription, was afterwards refunded by the town, ex- cept about $5,000.00. The men were not obtained at uniform prices.
One lot of twenty cost $95.00 per man, or $1900.00 ; four others cost $110.00 each, or $440.00. Some cost $125.00, and others still $250.00, or more. All possible efforts to secure accuracy have been made ; the results as to men and money raised to obtain them, will be given on a subsequent page.
It should be stated that the meetings held in the spring and early summer of 1864, were frequent, and the committees chosen were effi- cient. These meetings were presided over at different times by Har- vey Wyman, O. Mason, and Giles H. Whitney. John D. Howard wa Secretary, and he has kindly shown me the records of the proceedings. The committee men chosen at different times to carry out the designs of the meetings, were Orlando Mason, Bethuel Ellis, John H. Fair- banks, James Marsh, G. W. Converse, Charles A. Loud, George M. Whitney, Archus S. Kimball, William H. Grant, John O. Kinney, Levi M. Parks, A. H. Britton, C. J. Bryant, and George B. Ray- mond. Mr. Converse acted as treasurer for receiving subscriptions. At a citizens' meeting held about this time,-date not recorded,-the following report was made by a committee.
" Your committee recommend that each enrolled man pay a sum not less than fifteen dollars for the purpose of procuring forty-five men, more or less. That a subscription be taken up, and a paper be presented to each enrolled man, as well as all others, on or before Tuesday evening next.
They also recommend that the sum of $5,625.00 be raised by taxation, in order to secure the above-mentioned forty-five men, provided the like sum be raised by subscription.
Voted to accept and adopt the report."
It was deemed just to ask the enrolled men for a subscription, and one larger than the average on the whole of the citizens, because they would thus be released from the necessity of going into the field.
The number of men recruited, (most of them by the agency of bro- kers,) during the year 1864, was not far from fifty. The names
499
HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
of those belonging to this town, with the date of enlistment, &c., here follow : George H. Parks, veteran, Dec. 22, 1863, entered Fifty-sev- enth Reg't. ; Isaac J. Dunn, January 4, 1864, Thirty-sixth Reg't ; Sidney L. Reed, vetetan, Jan. 26, Twenty-fifth Reg't.
The names of the remainder will appear in the full roll of soldiers on subsequent pages. The recruiting officer was allowed $25 for each vet- eran, and $15 for each new recruit. The sum for the whole list was $710.00, for which neither the Selectmen nor the committee ever re- ceived anything but their expenses.
The year 1864 was one of toil and triumph. Sherman made his way to Atlanta, and on to the Atlantic coast, fighting and driving back the enemy at every step. Grant led his invincible hosts through the wil- derness, and put them on the defensive in Richmond and Petersburg. Thomas annihilated the army of Hood at Nashville. Everywhere on the sea as well as on the land, our forces were victorious. In all these successes our citizens felt the deepest patriotic interest; in some of them the interest was personal also, because our men were engaged in them. Our neighbors and friends endured the hardships of war. Some were wounded ; some died of disease, and some were killed in battle. Hub- bard H. Baldwin was killed in action on the 19th of September. and Adam E. French on the 19th of June. Franklin L. Whitney was killed in the same month. These and others, the date of whose death is not ascertained, fell in the " high places of the field." George H. Parks died at Annapolis, on the 19th of September. He was a good boy, and a noble young man. An only son, it was hard to give him up. but his sense of duty impelled him to enlist, at first in the Fifty-third Regiment. He remained with it in Louisiana till compelled to come home. He was discharged in May, 1863, and when he reached home, appeared like a corpse that had been a week in the tomb. But he rallied, grew strong, and pure love of the cause hurried him again into the field. He joined the Fifty-seventh Regiment, Co. A, and was appointed serjeant. For awhile he acted as clerk of Col. Kimball, but preferred the severer duties of the soldier. He was in the Wilderness, and endured its terrible struggle. The day before the explosion of the mine at Petersburg, on the 30th day of July, he wrote home that he was sick, and should go into hospital the next day. Instead of that. he was in the assaulting column, and owing to the absence of officers, led his company into that " hell of horrors." He was taken prisoner, and carried to Danville.
500
HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
In September he was exehanged and brought to Annapolis. Word came that he was doing well, but sickness in a rebel prison had been too much for his constitution. He died in a few days. His remains were brought home, and amid universal sympathy, were laid in our beautiful ceme- tery. What is thus said of Parks, applies with more or less propriety, to our other young heroes. They were willing offerings on the altar of their beloved country. "They were swifter than eagles, they were stronger than lions."
SECTION 9 .- WINCHENDON MEN WHO ENLISTED OUT OF THE STATE.
Before closing up the story of the war, it seems best to insert the names of residents of this town who joined Regiments belonging to oth- er States.
In New Hampshire Regiments were the following: In Co. C, Sec- ond Reg't, C. H. Lawrence, John M. Stearns ; in Co. A, Second Reg't, Albert R. Bowen, Frederick A. Bowen, Frank Nash, Frank Peirce ; in Co. E., Second Reg't, Luther W. Forrest ; in Co. - , Sixth Reg't, Almon Nutting ; in Co. I, Third Reg't, John H. Hitchcock ; in Co. K, Fifth Reg't, Lorenzo Coburn, George Goodall, Noah Paro ; in Co. - , Sixth Reg't, Ambrose Butler, Enoch Nichols ; in Co. - , Ninth Reg't, Henry W. Clark.
In Vermont Regiments were the following : In First Cavalry, Jo- seph Hyatt ; in Co. - , Twenty-fourth Reg't, Wm. W. Peirce ; in Co. - , Seventh Reg't, W. H. H. Putnam.
The following were in Connecticut Regiments : In Co. - , First Reg't, E. W. Stocking, George Taylor ; in Co. - , Fourth Reg't, Clinton D. Towns.
The following men were in New York Regiments : In the One Hun- dred Seventh Reg't, L. J. Wilkinson, Walter Wilkinson ; in the Nine- ty-ninth Reg't, C. F. Brown, A. E. French, Samuel J. Lowell. Be- sides these, George Thomas was, for some time, in the New York Cav- alry.
Thomas Mitchell was a member of Co. M, Third Reg't Rhode Island Heavy Artillery.
SECTION 10 .- CLOSE OF THE WAR .
There was a call for additional troops on the 19th of December, 1864, but it was not acted on until the opening of 1865. A subscription was raised to obtain recruits. This was done by assessment, and none were
501
HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
asked to subscribe more than six dollars, though a few gave more. Over two hundred names are in the subscription book, and the amount raised was $1122.00 ; but about three-quarters of this was refunded by the town, leaving about $270.00 as the real sum obtained by subscrip- tion at this time.
At a town meeting held on the 30th of January, 1865, it was voted " that the Treasurer be instructed to borrow a sufficient sum of money, to be applied, under the direction of the Selectmen, to pay a bounty not exceeding 8125.00 to each volunteer necessary to fill the quota of this town under the call of December 19, 1864." And on the 6th of March, it was voted " to raise money and appropriate the same for the relief of the families and dependents of volunteers." This is the last vote of the town in relation to raising soldiers for the war. The work of recruiting was done, and the army and navy were giving the finish- ing stroke to the rebellion. Terry and Porter took fort Fisher early in the year ; Sherman marched north through the Carolinas; Grant pounded his way into Richmond and Petersburg, and the wicked rebell- ion was subdued. Our soldiers who were yet in the field soon returned home, and there was general rejoicing. Before closing this section, however, it should be said that our quota had been readily filled at every call ; and generally the town was in advance of the demands of the government. Every requisition had been promptly and cheerfully met ; money had been raised freely ; and the town paid its way, with- out incurring large debts. It was wisely judged that it was easier to pay when gold was at 280, than when paper should approximate to par value. It is to the credit of the town that all the heavy burdens of the war were borne without stinting the appropriations for other objects ex- cept for a year or two. In 1862, the appropriation for schools was diminished, but by reason of the depression of wages, the schools were in session nearly up to the average time. By degrees the sums raised for schools and other purposes, were brought up to the usual standard, and before the war closed, the annual sum for schools was increased more than twenty-five per cent.
SECTION 11 .- A DAY OF REJOICING.
News of the capture of Richmond aud Petersburg reached town on the third of April, 1865. This was rightly considered the harbinger of peace, and the pledge of the speedy collapse of the rebellion. The
502
HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
next day, the fourth of April, was given up to general rejoicing. There was a procession of great length. The bells were rung, cannon were fired, and happy congratulations were exchanged whenever people met in the streets.
There was a meeting in the town hall, which was attended by a large crowd. John H. Fairbanks was in the chair. Brief, spirited, pointed speeches were made by Hon. Giles H. Whitney, Rev. Messrs. Marvin, Best and Litchfield, and Messrs. H. Wyman, O. Mason, G. S. Whit- ney and Reuben Harris. All were applauded to the echo, because the speakers expressed what was in all hearts.
After the meeting was over, there was a novel exhibition in the streets. which, while it provoked laughter, was suggestive of grave thoughts, and indicative of a mighty revolution accomplished. An elegant coach, drawn by two spirited horses, with a white driver, passed along, and inside was seen a colored gentleman, painted up for the oc- casion, riding in state. Yes, the war was over ; the rebellion was ended, substantially. Slavery was dead ; a new civilization was begun at the South ; our country was becoming homogeneous, and men could ride in coaches without regard to race or color. Cheery greeted this little pantomime. Volumes of meaning were crowded into it, and the whole revolution was seen at a glance. With a touch of burlesque it mingled the gravest truth, and betokened the most marvelous progress. In the evening there was a general illumination, and the Village was in a blaze of light from end to end.
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