USA > Massachusetts > Worcester County > Winchendon > History of the town of Winchendon, from the grant of the township by the legislature of Massachusetts in 1735, to the present time > Part 4
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The benfits of the institution are already manifest. Many hundreds, of both sexes, have already derived great advantage from it: and the desire for a higher and more thorough education has been excited in many a youthful breast. If it shall be sustained ac- cording to its praiseworthy design, it will be the source of manifold blessings to the community.
Collegiates.
Eight persons, inhabitants (and six of them na- tives) of this town have received a collegiate educa- tion : Otis Crosby, minister of the gospel in North Yarmouth, Me .; John M. Whiton, minister of the gospel in Antrim, N. H .; Sam'l H. Tolman, minister of the gospel in Weston, Vt .; Sewal Goodridge, minister of the gospel in Canada ; Stephen Emory, Jun. attorney at law ; Otis C. Whiton, minister of the gospel in Har- risville, (Nelson) N. H. ; Gamaliel C. Beaman, minister of the gospel in Indiana ; Barret Washburn, sometime preceptor of the Academy, Winchendon.
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HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
Seasons of great Mortality, Sudden Deaths, &c.
Few towns have been favored with more general health than this ; yet there have been seasons of great mortality. The disorders which have prevailed to the greatest extent, have been the dysentery and the canker-rash. In 1775, the dysentery, then called ' fever and flux,' or 'camp distemper,' prevailed : some aged people, and many children died. In 1786, 28 persons died of the dysentery. In 1795, the canker-rash, formerly called the 'throat distemper,' prevailed in the west part of the town : many children died. In 1810, the canker-rash prevailed here: the whole number of deaths that year, was 54; 45 of which were of children.
There have been many sudden deaths, some of which were by violence, some by casualty.'
Population and other Statistics.
There are no exact data from which to estimate the population till 1790, when the first official census was taken.
The number of inhabitants in this town, was in 1790, 951; in 1840, 1679; in 1846, 2020. There are 18 persons in this town, who are of the age of 80 years or more .? There are in the town two physi- cians,3 and one Attorney.4
1 See Note AAA. 2 The following gentlemen and ladies are 80 years old and upwards, namely: Seth Tucker 91 years of age, Daniel Day 86, Jonas Bradish 85, Simon Tuttle 85, John Esty 84, Isaac Taylor 84, Joel Butler 83, Jacob Parks 83, Barzillai Martin 83, James Murdock 82, Asa Hale 81. Jacob Scott 80, Daniel May 80, Mrs. Wm. Poland 90, Mrs. Re- becca Graton 85, Mrs. Abigail Edmunds 83, Mrs. James Murdock 80, Mrs. Mary Chubb 87.
3 Alva Godding, Ira Russel. 4 B. O. Tyler.
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HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
The ratable property of the town within the last ten years, has increased near one third. The stand- ard valuation of the town for 1838, $435,744 ; for 1848, $642,727 ; number of taxable polls in 1848, 644.
There are within the limits of the town (besides such as those hereafter stated as being in the three principal villages,) 1 grist mill, 16 saw mills, 2 pail factories, 2 blacksmiths' shops, and a considerable number of carpenters', coopers', turners', and other mechanic shops, some of which are worked by water power.
Winchendon Village.
This is sometimes called the North Village. It lies on both side of Miller's river. Its extent from east to west, is about 1 mile. Some of the streets extend from south to north, from one-fourth to one- half of a mile. The Cheshire railroad has recently been completed through the village, on which, and within the limits of the village, is a stately and con- venient depot.1
Within the present limits of the village, there were in 1784, but 4 dwelling houses, viz. one where Mr. Geo. S. Coffin's store-house stands, occupied by Capt. Edward Newton-one near where the depot is,
1 Regular Cars first came on the Cheshire railroad to Winchendon de- pot, Monday Oct. 1, 1847.
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HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
owned by Mr. Seth Tucker, sen .- one where Esq. Murdock now lives, occupied by Mr. Jeremiah Lord- and one where Dea. Reuben Hyde now lives, occu- pied by Mr. Thaddeus Bowman. In 1825, there were 10 dwelling houses in the place.
There are now (1848) within the limits of the village, 640 inhabitants, 92 dwelling houses, 3 meet- ing houses, 1 Academy, 1 school house, 1 large hotel, 9 stores, 1 woolen factory,' 1 iron foundry, 1 machine shop, 1 grist mill, 2 saw mills, 1 large bobbin manu- factory, 1 tannery, 1 tub manufactory, 1 pail manu- factory, 2 livery stables, with from 15 to 20 horses each, 4 blacksmiths' shops, and various other shops for manufacturing and mechanical purposes, occupied by carpenters, coopers, wheelwrights, turners, shoe- makers, harness-makers, tailors, and other mechanics -and many other buildings.
- i
Spring Village,
Was so called from its location around the mineral springs, which, together with the land in the vicinity, were, about the year 1800, owned and occupied by Mr. ob Whitney. By him the two first buildings, which were very small ones, were erected in the place. This Village is about 2 miles easterly from the North
1 Owned by the Winchendon Manufacturing Corporation, in which are three sets of Machinery. About 200,000 yards twilled flannels per year . are manufactured, employing 15 male, and 13 female hands. Value of goods manufactured, about $50,000 annually. 4
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V of
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HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
Village, and about 3 miles northeast from the centre of the town.
The north, or Monomenoc branch of Miller's river, runs through this village, on which river has been erected a cotton factory. The Spring Manufacturing Company has been incorporated, and owns the estab- lishment. The factory, now owned by a corporation, known as the ' Nelson Mills Manufacturing Company,' contains about 6000 spindles, and gives employment to 175 individuals. The present number of inhabi- tants in the village is nearly 400. There is one school-house in the village. Two trading companies are doing business in the place. The water power 1-4 of a mile below the Nelson Mills, is improved with lumber apparatus to some extent, though not to its full capacity. Should the water power within the village be occupied to its full extent, it probably would support a population to the number of 1000; as it is, the number of inhabitants and dwelling houses are on the increase.
Waterville
Lies on both sides of Miller's river, about a mile westerly from the North Village. In 1810, there was no building in the place. 1817, there were only one dwelling house and one saw mill.
Waterville contains now (1848) 34 dwelling houses, 46 families and 225 inhabitants. It has 2 stores, 1 saw and stave mill, in which a large amount of work is done, 3 pail shops, in which about 300,000 pails,
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HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
tubs, churns, &c. are manufactured yearly, employing from 40 to 50 hands. It also contains a box and bobbin factory, in which are made annually 400,000 bobbins and 10,000 nests of boxes, and in which are employed 11 hands. It has also a machine shop and a shoe shop.
There is not a single mean or worthless dwelling house in either of the three above-named villages.
REMARKABLE EVENTS.
Memorable Winds.
There was a hurricane at Winchendon, Oct. 15, 1795, about 5 o'clock, P. M. Several houses and barns were partly unroofed or otherwise injured. One house (Mr. Thornton Barret's) was nearly ruined. Wool, blown from one chamber, was found adhering to apple trees, three or four miles distant.
A high wind, Sept. 1816, blew down many acres of wood and timber in the westerly part of the town.
The Hard Winter.
The winter of 1779-80, is memorable as the Hard Winter. An immense body of snow covered the ground ; and so intense was the cold that for six weeks water did not drop from the eaves.
1
The Dark Day.
May 19, 1780, was remarkable throughout New England for its unusual darkness. It began about
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HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
10 o'clock, A. M .; at 11, the darkness was so great that the fowls retired to their roosts, and the cattle came to the barns as at night. Before 12 candles became necessary. The darkness increased through the evening.
Total Eclipse of the Sun, June, 1806.
In this vicinity, and probably throughout New Eng- land, this interesting phenomenon was observed under very favorable circumstances. The day was remark- ably fine. Not a cloud obscured any part of the hemisphere. The air was dry and clear, and the heavens, before the obscuration, were in a robe of the brightest azure.
The wind was northwest in the morning, but shifted to the northeast after the eclipse commenced, and continued easterly until its completion. No dew fell. There was a sensible chillness, however, in the air. The duration of total darkness was upwards of four minutes.
The departing light of the sun was supportable to the naked eye. It was otherwise with the first return of light, which was extremely vivid and inexpressibly rapid in its access. The portion of the sun which first reappeared, was to the naked eye of a globular form and seemed like a ball of fire.
The exhibition was wonderfully magnificient, and inspired one universal sentiment of admiration and awe.
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HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
The breadth of the shadow was found to be about 120 miles, and enveloped the entire territory of Mas- sachusetts, except Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket.
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NOTES.
A
At a Great and General Court, in and for His Majesty's Province of the Massachusetts Bay in New England, be- gun and held at Boston, on Wednesday, the twenty-eighth day of May, 1735, and continued by several adjournments to Wednesday, the nineteenth of November following.
In the House of Representatives, June 10, 1735, in answer to the petition of Lieut. Abraham Tilton and others,
Voted, That a Tract of Land of the contents of six miles square, be laid out in a suitable place in the western part of this Province, and that the whole of the Town be laid into sixty three shares; one of which to be for the first settled Minister, one for the use of the Ministry, and one for the School; and that on the other sixty shares there be sixty admitted ; and in the admission thereof preference to be given to the Petitioners, and such as are the descendants of the officers and soldiers who served in the expedition to Canada in the year 1690, viz : a Tract of Land for a Township to the said Abraham Tilton and others. And inasmuch as the officers and soldiers [who served in] that expedition were very great sufferers, and underwent uncommon hardships,
t
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HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
Voted, That this Province be at the whole charge ofifth laying said Township in a regular manner, and of admit-Prov. ting the settlers : that the settlers of Grantees hereby are g obliged to bring forward the settlement of said Township in as regular and defensible a manner as the situation and circumstances of the place will admit of, and that in the following manner, viz: That they be on the granted prem- ises, and have each of them a house of eighteen feet square. and seven feet stud at the least, that each Right or Grant have six acres of land brought to, ploughed or brought to English grass, and fitted for mowing : that they settle in the plantation or township a learned and orthodox Minis- ter, and build a convenient Meetinghouse for the public worship of God in the Township: the whole of these con- ditions to be duly complied with within five years from the confirmation of the Plat. And that Capt. John Hobson and Capt. John Choate, with such as the Honorable Board shall appoint, be a Committee for laying out the Township hereby granted to Abraham Tilton and others, and admit- ting the settlers as aforesaid, who shall take bond of each grantee to the value of twenty pounds to the Province Treasurer for the respective grantees' fulfillment of the conditions of their grant. Each lot as aforesaid to be en- titled to, and draw future divisions in equal proportions in the township or plantation : and that the Committee return the Plat of the said township to the Court, within twelve months for confirmation, as also the list of the names of the grantees, and their place of residence, into the Secre- tary's office, that so the same may be examined and regu- lated by a Committee that may be hereafter appointed by this Court. And further, it is hereby ordered, that in case any of the grantees shall neglect or delay to fulfill the terms
0 Com
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NOTES.
f the grant, such person or persons shall forfeit to the Province all his or their right and interest in the land here- y granted.
Sent up for concurrence,
J. Quincy, Speaker. In Council, June 18th, 1735. Read and Concurred and
Ordered, that Thomas Berry, Esq., be joined to the Committee for laying out the Township.
J. Willard, Secretary.
Dec. 29. Consented to,
J. Belcher.
A true Copy, Examined, Thads. Mason, Dept. Sec'y.
A true Copy, Attest,
Thos. Norton, Jun., Pro. Cler.
The above document is transcribed from the MS. Book of Records of the Original Proprietors of Ipswich Cana- la, commonly called The Proprietors' Book.
B
In the House of Representatives, March 27, 1736, Ordered, That Thomas Berry, Esq be fully authorized nd empowered to assemble and convene the Proprietors nd Grantees in Canada Township, on the petition of Abraham Tilton and others of Ipswich &c. in some suita- le place and convenient time, to choose a Proprietors' Clerk, and pass such Votes and Orders as they may think necessary for the regular carrying on the settlement of the aid Township, agreeable to the conditions of their grant, ind to agree how meetings shall be called for the future.
Sent up for concurrence,
J. Quincy, Speaker.
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HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
In Council, March 27, 1736,
Read and concurred, Simon Frost, Dep. Sec.
Consented to, J. Belcher.
A true Copy, Examined, Simon Frost, Dep. Secr.
Attest, Thos. Norton, Jun., Pro. Cler. Proprietors' Book.
C
Essex, ss. At a Meeting of the Committee appointed by the General Court for the Province of the Massachu- setts Bay in New England, to lay out a Township of the contents of six miles square in answer to a petition of Abraham Tilton and others, officers and soldiers in the expedition to Canada, Anno 1690, the following persons were admitted as Grantees of said Township, and gave Bonds to fulfill the Court's Order thereon. Ipswich, April 13th, 1736,
Right entered on.
Persons' names.
Thomas Berry, Esq.,
Own,
Own,
Jonathan Wade, Esq., John Harris,
Own,
Thomas Hovey,
Own,
Abraham Perkins,
Husband and Father, Widow Rachel Rust,
Own,
Abraham Tilton,
Own,
Own,
Brother John,
Brother Jacob,
Uncle Benedictus, Father Moses,
Benjamin White, Samuel Poland, Thomas Lufkin, Thomas Lufkin is next friend to Mary Luf kin, Ebenezer Pulcepher, Jabez Sweet,
Place of abode. Ipswich. Ipswich. Ipswich. Ipswich. Ipswich. Ipswich. Ipswich. Ipswich. Ipswich. Ipswich. Ipswich.
Glocester. Ipswich.
Br
Br
Pa
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Un Pa
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Father,
Br
NOTES.
Father's, Brother William, Father's, Brother Thomas, Uncle Joseph,
Brother John,
Uncle D. Denison,
Nath. Rogers as Guard'n to Jno. Denison,
Ipswich. Ipswich. Glocester. Glocester. Ipswich. Ipswich.
Ipswich.
Wife's Father Durgee, John Martin,
Father Servant, Father's,
Isaac Knowlton,
John Thompson,
Ipswich. Ipswich. Ipswich.
John Wood in the room of and by the consent of Ipswich. his Father,
John Downing by Ed. Ev- Boston.
eleth his Attorney,
Thomas Berrin, Rowley.
David Low,
Ipswich.
Uncle Moses Pierce,
Moses Wells, Ipswich.
Brother Thomas,
George Hart,
Ipswich.
Father's,
William Cogswell, Ipswich.
Brother Elisha,
Thomas Tredwell, Ipswich.
Jonathan Jewett, Jun.
Rowley.
Robert Cross,
Ipswich.
Adam Cogswell,
Ipswich.
Benjamin Chadwell,
Ipswich.
The Hon.Simonds Epes, Ipswich.
Uncle Freeman,
Nathaniel Clark,
Ipswich. Ipswich.
Dil. Caldwell,
Brother William,
Solomon Giddinge, Joseph Goodhue, William Haskell, John Ring, Benjamin Chadwell, Edward Nealand,
71
Uncle Joseph,
Father's,
Own, Own,
Brother Benjamin, Father's, Own, Uncle, Father Whipple,
Brother George,
Nathaniel Clark, Capt. Edward Eveleth by and at the request of Ipswich. Dilingham Caldwell, Nathaniel Caldwell, Ipswich.
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HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
Father,
Henry Wise,
Ipswich.
John Ayers,
Own, Father's,
Thomas Metcalf,
Father's, Grandfather, Pearce,
Uncle Isaac, Major Ward, Father's,
Uncle Samuel, Uncle Edmond, Brother Aaron, Uncle Cheney, Rob't Nelson, Math. Hooker,
Uncle Saund,
John Goodhue, Abraham Foster, Jun. Doct. Nicholas Noyes, John Pindar, Nathaniel Lord, Samuel Ingalls, Moses Kimball, John Leighton, Joseph Annable, Widow Mary Hooker, Ipswich.
Ipswich. Ipswich. Ipswich. Ipswich. Ipswich. Ipswich. Andover. Ipswich. Ipswich. Ipswich. Ipswich. Ipswich. Beverly.
Thomas Lord, Jun. at his Father Jno. Lord's Ipswich. request,
Proprietors' Book.
D
See the History of the County of Worcester, compiled by Rev. Peter Whitney of Northborough, Article Win- chendon.
That History was published in 1793, to which the Edi-
to
be
Ipswich.
Thomas Norton, Jun. at the request of Samuel Ayers, a Petitioner, John Ross, Isaac Giddinge, Edward Eveleth at the request of Jos. Metcalf Ipswich. a Petitioner, Moses Davis, Ephraim Fitts,
Ipswich. Ipswich.
Ja
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to
Thomas Boardman, Edward Chapman,
O th
A
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P hi
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NOTES.
tor is much indebted, and from which, copious extracts will be made in the present work.
E
The Proprietors and Grantees of the new Township lately granted to Mr. Abraham Tilton and others, officers and soldiers in the expedition to Canada anno 1690, are hereby notified and warned to assemble and meet at the Townhouse in Ipswich, on Monday the thirty-first day of instant May at four of the clock afternoon, then and there to choose a Proprietors' Clerk, and to pass such votes and orders as may be thought most proper for bringing forward the said Township agreeable to the General Court's order. And to agree how to call meetings of said Proprietors for the future.
Thomas Berry, pr. order.
Dated at Ipswich, May 20th, 1736.
Proprietors' Book.
F
At a legal meeting of the Proprietors and Grantees of the new Township lately granted to Mr. Abraham Tilton and others, officers and soldiers in the expedition to Canada Anno 1690, at the Town house in Ipswich on Monday the 31st day of May, Anno Domini 1736.
Voted, That Col. Thomas Berry be Moderator.
Voted, That Thomas Norton, Jun. be Clerk to the Proprietors : and he was sworn to the faithful discharge of his office, by Thomas Berry, Esq. at the same time.
Voted, That any two of the Committee, viz : Col. Thomas Berry, Capt. John Choate, and Capt. John Hob- 6
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HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
son, be empowered to employ two men to burn the woods, if, according to their discretion, they shall think it best.
Voted, That any five of the Proprietors or Grantees shall have power to call a Meeting, and five days from the date of the notification shall be a sufficient warning.
Voted, That this Meeting be dissolved : and the Mod- erator declared the Meeting dissolved accordingly.
Attest, Thos. Norton, jun., Pro. Cler. Proprietors' Book.
G
To Mr. Thomas Norton, Jun., Clerk of the Proprietors of that Tract of Land granted to Abraham Tilton and others, These are to desire you to set up a Notification to warn said Proprietors to meet at the Town house in Ipswich, on Monday the 28th day of June instant, at 4 of the clock afternoon, in order to choose a certain number of the Proprietors to go and view said Tract of Land, and to make report how it is accommodated on all accounts, and to act and transact any other thing that may be proper and necessary to be done to forward the settle- ment thereof.
Jonathan Wade, Edward Eveleth,
Henry Wise,
Dated Ipswich, June 19th, 1736.
Thos. Hovey, Benjamin Chadwell.
Pursuant to the above written Warrant, to me directed, I notified the above named Proprietors to meet at the time and place above mentioned, by setting up a notification on the meetinghouse door, and by sending one to each of the parishes, viz : Chebacco and the Hamlet.
Dated Ipswich, Attest,
June 19, 1736. Thos. Norton, Jun. Pro. Cler.
L T A
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NOTES.
At a legal. meeting of the Proprietors of that Tract of Land granted to Lieut. Abraham Tilton and others, at the Town house in Ipswich, on Monday the 28th day of June, Anno Domini, 1736.
Voted, That Capt. Edward Eveleth be Moderator.
Voted, That Capt. Edward Eveleth, Lieut. Solomon Giddinge, Mr. Wm. Cogswell, Mr. John Martin and Mr. Isaac Giddinge be a Committee to go and view the land, and see the qualifications thereof, and report to the Pro- prietors as soon as may be.
Voted, That the Committee, having performed the ser- vice aforesaid, shall have a reasonable satisfaction.
Voted, That the Meeting be dissolved. And the Mod- erator declared the Meeting dissolved accordingly.
Attest, Thos. Norton, jun., Pro. Cler. Proprietors' Book.
H
The meeting was called by five Proprietors, viz : Thomas Berry, Edward Eveleth, Henry Wise, George Hart, and Moses Kimball ; and notified by Thos. Norton, jun., Pro. Cler.
At a legal Meeting of the Proprietors of that Tract of Land granted to Lieut. Abraham Tilton and others at the Town house in Ipswich on Thursday the 4th day of No- vember, Anno Domini 1736.
Voted, That Col. Thomas Berry be Moderator.
Voted, That Col. Thomas Berry, Capt. Edward Eveleth, and Lieut. Abraham Tilton be the Committee to lot and lay out the first division, which is not to be under fifty acres, and not to exceed a hundred.
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HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
Voted, That Jonathan Wade, esq. be Treasurer.
Voted, That each Proprietor of every original Right shall pay into the treasury three pounds to defray the charges that have already arisen, or shall hereafter arise in lotting the Township or otherwise.
Voted, That this meeting be dissolved : And it was ac- cordingly dissolved by the Moderator.
Attest, Thos. Norton, jun., Pro. Cler. Proprietors' Book.
I
Extracts from the records of the Meeting, 6th May, 1737. Voted, for Assessors Col. Thomas Berry, Thomas Nor- ton, jun. and Mr. Henry Wise.
Voted, That Capt. Edward Eveleth and Mr. William Cogswell be Collectors .- Proprietors' Book.
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J
sh
Essex, ss. To Mr. Thomas Norton, jun., Clerk of the Proprietors of the Township lately granted to Mr. Abra- ham Tilton and others, officers and soldiers in the expe- dition to Canada 1690.
You are hereby required to notify and warn the Gran- tees and Proprietors of the Township lately granted to Mr. Abraham Tilton and others, officers and soldiers in the expedition to Canada Anno 1690, that they assemble and meet at the house of Mr. Nath'l Tredwell innholder in Ipswich on Thursday the 27th day of October current, at 4 of the clock afternoon, then and there to receive the re- turn of the Committee appointed to lay out the first divis-
G th th:
sh
th ch
Pr
th ter up
ho
dr
dr on
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NOTES.
ion of lots, and subdivide the same or part of them, if the Proprietors shall think best.
2. To make proper and suitable provision for ways through said lots.
3. To agree upon some method for clearing to the cen- ter of the first division of lots, or where they shall agree upon to set the first Meetinghouse.
4. To fix upon the place to erect and build a Meeting- house, and to reserve a sufficient quantity of land out of some of the lots for a training field and burying place.
5. To make proper allowance to the person who may draw the lot out of which the aforesaid reserves may be made.
6. To give liberty to such of the Proprietors as may draw a lot not accommodable for settling, to make a sec- ond draft out of the supernumerary lots that are laid out.
7. To make suitable provision for the erecting and building of a Sawmill.
8. To give such encouragement to the Grantee who shall build, agreeable to the General Court's order, the first dwellinghouse of 18 feet in length and 7 feet stud, as shall be judged necessary and convenient.
9. For each Grantee to draw his lot in the first division now laid out : and such of them as have not already paid the three pounds voted at the last Meeting to defray the charge of laying out the lots, pay the same before they be allowed to draw their lots.
10. To take some proper method to obtain leave of the General Court to dispose of lots that may be lost to any of the Grantees who shall neglect and refuse to pay the charge that hath already arisen in laying out the lots and other- ways.
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HISTORY OF WINCHENDON.
11. To settle and adjust accounts with such persons to whom the Grantees and Proprietors are indebted.
Thomas Berry,
Dated Ipswich, Oct. 22d, 1737.
Edward Eveleth, Abraham Tilton, Henry Wise, Jonathan Wade.
Pursuant to the aforementioned warrant, to me directed, I have notified and warned the aforesaid Proprietors to meet at time and place aforesaid, by setting up a notifi- cation on the meetinghouse door in the first parish in Ip- swich, and by sending one to each of the neighboring par- ishes, viz : Chebacco and the Hamlet.
Dated at Ipswich, Oct. 22d, 1737.
Attest, Thos. Norton, jun., Pro. Cler.
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