Men of progress one thousand biographical sketches and portraits of leaders in business and professional life in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Part 127

Author: Herndon, Richard; Bacon, Edwin M. (Edwin Monroe), 1844-1916
Publication date: 1896
Publisher: Boston : New England Magazine
Number of Pages: 1036


USA > Massachusetts > Men of progress one thousand biographical sketches and portraits of leaders in business and professional life in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts > Part 127


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BENNETT, EDMUND HATCH, of Taunton and Boston, dean of the Boston University Law School, is a native of Vermont, born in Manches- ter, April 6, 1824. son of Milo Lyman and Ade- line (Hatch) Bennett. His father, born in Sharon, ('onn., in 1790, graduated at Yale in iSit, was associate justice of the Supreme Court of Ver- mont for upward of twenty years, and, removing in later life to Taunton, died there in 1868. Ed- mund H. was educated at the Burr Seminary in his native town, at the academy in Burlington. and at the Vermont University. graduating in 1843. He studied law with his father. and was admitted to the Vermont bar in September, 1847. Coming to Boston a few months later. he was ad- mitted to the Suffolk bar July 3. 1848, and began practice in that city. Shortly after he established his home in Taunton, and engaged in an exten- sive practice at the Bristol bar, while maintaining an office also in Boston. In 1858 he was ap- pointed judge of probate and insolvency for Bris- tol County, and retained that office until 1883. when he resigned. From 1865 to 1867 he was


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mayor of Taunton, and he has for many years been identified with its affairs in various ways. In 1889, upon the occasion of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the settlement of the town, he delivered the historical address. Judge Bennett has done much and notable work in the literature of the law, and has been a teacher of its principles for upward of a quarter of a century. From 1865 to 1871 he was a lecturer at the Har- vard Law School, and he has been professor and dean of the Boston University Law School since. He has edited a large number of important legal works, the list including : all of the law works of


EDMUND H. BENNETT.


Judge Story; English Law and Equity Reports, thirty volumes ; Cushing's Massachusetts Reports, volumes IX. and XIl. inclusive; Massachusetts Digest ; Brigham on Infancy; Blackwell on Tax Titles; Leading Criminal Cases, two volumes ; Greenleaf's Reports, eight volumes : Goddard on Easements ; Benjamin on Sales ; Pomeroy's Con- stitutional Law; Indermaur's Principles of Com- mon Law; and Fire Insurance Cases, five vol- umes. He has also been coeditor of the American Lare Register, and a frequent contributor to the Albany Law Journal, the Boston Law Reporter, and other legal periodicals. He received the honorary degree of LL.D. from the Vermont Uni-


versity in 1872. In politics originally a Whig, Judge Bennett has been a Republican since the formation of that party. He was married in Taunton, June 23, 1853, to Miss Sally Crocker, daughter of the late Hon. Samuel L. Crocker, of Taunton. They have a son and daughter now living : Samuel C. Bennett, professor and assistant dean of the Boston University Law School; and Mrs. Mary B. Conant, wife of Dr. William M. C'onant.


BLAKE. FRANCIS, of Weston, inventor of the Blake Transmitter, and of numerous other valu- able electrical contrivances, was born in Need- ham, now Wellesley Hills, December 25, 1850, son of Francis and Caroline Burling (Trumbull) Blake. He is of the eighth generation from William and Agnes Blake, who came to America from Somersetshire, England, before 1636, and settled in that part of Dorchester which became the town of Milton. William Blake was a dis- tinguished leader in colonial affairs, and his name has been kept in honorable prominence by his descendants to the present day. The grandfather of Mr. Blake, the first Francis, was for many years a prominent member of the Worcester County bar. and served in the State Senate ; and his father, the second Francis, was a Boston mer- chant in early life. and from 1862 to 1874 served as United States appraiser at the port of Boston. llis mother was a daughter of George Augustus Trumbull, of Worcester, a kinsman of the famous General Jonathan Trumbull, private secretary to General Washington. Mr. Blake was educated in the public schools. When near the end of his course in the Brookline High School, in 1866, his uncle Commodore George Smith Blake, United States Navy, secured his appointment to the United States Coast Survey, in which service he acquired a scientific training which led him to his later successes in civil life. He spent twelve years in this department, during which time his name became connected with many of the most important achievements of the corps. His first field-work was on a hydrographic survey of the Susquehanna River, near Havre de GrĂ¢ce, Mary- land : and this was followed by similar service on the west coast of Florida and the north coast of Cuba. In October, 1868, he was ordered to astronomical duty at the Harvard College Ob- servatory in connection with the transcontinental longitude determination between Cambridge and


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San Francisco, in which work, for the purpose of determining the velocity of telegraphic time sig- nals, a metallic circuit of seven thousand miles, with thirteen repeaters, was used: and it was found that a signal sent from the observatory to San Francisco was received back in eight-tenths of a second. He was next ordered, in October of the following year. to determine the astronomi- cal latitude and longitude of Cedar Falls, la., and St. Louis, Mo., and for the successful accom- plishment of this work was promoted to the rank of sub-assistant. In 1869 he spent some months in Europe in determining the astronomical dif- ference of longitude between Brest, France, and the Cambridge Observatory, by means of time- signals sent through the French cable. In No- vember, 1870, he was detached from the Coast Survey, and appointed astronomer of the Darien Exploring Expedition, under the command of Commander Selfridge, United States Navy. for the examination of the Atrato and Tuyra River routes for a ship canal across the Isthmus of Da- rien. Mr. Blake's part of the work included the determination of astronomical latitudes and longi- tudes of several points on the Gulf and Pacific Coasts and in the interior, as well as a determi- nation of the difference in longitude between As- pinwall and Panama ; and, upon the close of his connection with the expedition, Commander Self- ridge wrote to the superintendent, under date of March 9, 1871, " It gives me great pleasure to bear witness to the zeal, ability, and ingenuity with which Mr. Blake has labored, and to recom- mend him to your favorable consideration." The following year, in March, he was ordered to Europe for astronomical duty in connection with the third and final determination of the difference of longitude between Greenwich. Paris, and Cam- bridge. In this great work, which was carried on under the general direction of Professor J. E. Hilgard. then assistant in charge of the Coast Survey Office, and later superintendent of the Coast Survey, he was engaged for more than a year. He made all of the European observa- tions, being stationed successively at Brest. France, at the Imperial Observatory. Paris, and at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich. Then. returning to the United States, he was stationed at Cambridge and Washington for the determina- tion of differences of personal equation. On the ist of April, 1873, Mr. Blake was promoted to the rank of assistant, his work having met the


warmest approval of his superiors, the superin- tendent of the Coast Survey, in a letter to the secretary in 1871, declaring that "his observa- tions have invariably borne the severest test in regard to accuracy "; and the assistant, Charles O. Boutelle, at the close of Mr. Blake's astronom- ical work in the Shenandoah Valley, writing to him, " The symmetrical precision of the latitude observations made by you at Maryland Heights, Clark and Bull Run stations, has never been cx- celled in the Coast Survey." In 1874 he was ordered to duty in the preparation for publica- tion of the results of transatlantic longitude


FRANCIS BLAKE.


work, which involved a rediscussion of the result of the transatlantic longitude determinations in 1866 and 1870. as well as an original discussion of the final determination of 1872. This work occupied more than two years, and its results are embodied in Appendix No. 18, United States Coast Survey Report. 1874. Mr. Blake's obser- vations of 1872 gave a new result for the dif- ference of longitude between the Royal Observ- atory of Greenwich and the Imperial Observatory at Paris,-9 minutes. 20.97 seconds. The pre- viously accepted value was 9 minutes, 20.63 sec- onds, which left a difference of 0.34 seconds. or 111 feet, to be accounted for. Subsequent obser-


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vations by European astronomers have confirmed his results, and the finally accepted value is 9 minutes, 20.95 seconds. In 1877 Mr. Blake rep- resented the Coast Survey at a conference of the commission appointed to fix the boundary line between New York and Pennsylvania ; and this service was followed by geodetic duty in connec- tion with a resurvey of Boston Harbor, under the direction of the State Board of Harbor Commis- sioners, his last field-work. His resignation, dated April 5, 1878, on the ground of the press- ure of private affairs, was acknowledged by C. P'. Patterson, the superintendent, in the following flattering letter: "I accept it with the greatest reluctance, and beg to express thus officially my sense of your high abilities and character,- abili- ties trained to aspire to the highest honors of scientific position, and character to inspire con- fidence and esteem. So loath am I to sever en- tirely your official connection with the survey that I must request you to allow me to retain your name upon the list of the survey as an .extra observer,' under which title Professor B. Peirce, Professor Lovering, Dr. Gould, Professor Win- lock, and others had their names classed for many years. This will, of course, be merely hon- orary ; but it gives me a ' quasi' authority to com- municate with you in a semi-official way as excep- tional occasion may suggest." Mr. Blake was at his home in Weston during the greater part of the last two years of his service in the Coast Sur- vey, engaged in the reduction of his European field-work connected with the determination of the differences of longitude between the astro- nomical observatories at Greenwich, Paris, Cam- bridge, and Washington; and in his leisure mo- ments he devoted himself to experimental physics. In this occupation he became an enthusiastic amateur mechanic, and, at the time of his resig- nation from the survey, he was in possession of a well-equipped mechanical laboratory and a self- acquired ability to perform a variety of mechani- cal operations. Under these conditions what had been a pastime developed into a serious pur- suit ; and almost immediately after his resignation he began a series of experiments which shortly brought forth the renowned Blake Transmitter, first put in use by the American Bell Telephone Company in November. 1878. This invention was of peculiar value at that time, as the Bell Company was just beginning litigation with a strong rival company which had entered the field


with a transmitting telephone superior to the orig- inal form of the Bell instrument. Being superior to the infringing instrument, the Blake Trans- mitter enabled the Bell Company to hold its own in the sharp business competition which con- tinued, until by a judicial decision it was assured a monopoly of the telephone business during the life of the patents. At the present time there are upward of 215,000 Blake Transmitters in use in the United States, and a large number in foreign countries. Mr. Blake has continued his interest in electrical research, and the records in the Pat- ent Office show that twenty patents have been granted him since his first invention. Since No- vember, 1878, he has been a director of the American Bell Telephone Company. He is con- nected with numerous scientific societies, educa- tional institutions, and leading Boston clubs. He was elected a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1874, fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Science in 1881, member of the National Conference of Electricians, 1884, member of the American In- stitute of Electrical Engineers, 1889, member of the corporation of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1889, member of the Boston So- ciety of Civil Engineers, 1890. He is also a member of the Boston Society of the Archaolog- ical Institute of America, and member of the Bos- tonian Society. He has been for many years chairman of the committee to visit the Jefferson Physical Laboratory, appointed by the Board of Overseers of Harvard University. He is actively interested in photography, and for several years served as vice-president of the Boston Camera Club, of which he is now an honorary member. His life in Weston began on June 24, 1873, the day of his marriage to Miss Elizabeth L. Hub- bard, daughter of Charles T. Hubbard. His beautiful estate. lying in the south-eastern part of the picturesque town, to which he has given the name of " Keewaydin," has since been his home, and was the birthplace of his two children : Agnes (born January 2, 1876) and Benjamin Sewall Blake (born February 14, 1877 ).


BOLSTER, SOLOMON ALONZO, of Boston, justice of the municipal court for the Roxbury District, is a native of Maine, born in Paris, Oxford County, December 10, 1835, son of Gideon and Charlotte ( Hall) Bolster. He is a


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descendant of Isaac Bolster, who came from Eng- land and settled in Uxbridge, Mass., in 1732 ; and his great-grandfather Isaac, 2d, served in the Revolutionary War, first as a lieutenant and after- ward holding a captaincy. He was educated in the public schools and at the Oxford Normal Institute in his native town. His law studies were pursued in the office of his cousin. William W. Bolster, in Dixfield, Me., and at the Harvard Law School, where he graduated with the regular degree of LL. B. in 1859 ; and he was admitted that year in Paris to the Maine bar. Shortly after he was admitted to the Missouri bar at


S. A. BOLSTER.


Palmyra, Mo., and to the Suffolk bar April 24. 1862. In September of the latter year he en- listed for nine months' service in the Civil War, joining the Twenty-third Regiment, Maine Vol- unteers, on November 15 being commissioned second lieutenant of his company. Upon his re- turn he resumed his practice in the Roxbury Dis- trict of Boston, and early acquired an established position in the profession. He was appointed to the bench, as justice of the Roxbury District Municipal Court, in April, 1885, to succeed Henry W. Fuller, and in that capacity has added to his reputation by his able and impartial admin- istration. After the war he became connected


with the Massachusetts militia, in which he served for many years through various grades. He was first appointed. June 29, 1867, judge ad- vocate with the rank of captain in the First Brigade ; on March 22, 1870, he was commis- sioned assistant inspector-general with the rank of major ; and on August 15. 1876, assistant adju- tant-general with the rank of lieutenant colonel. Judge Bolster is a member of Post 26, Grand Army of the Republic, of the order of the Loyal Legion, and of the Pine Tree State Club. He is a past master of Washington Lodge, past high priest of Mount Verriver Chapter, past master of Roxbury Council, and past commander of Joseph Warren Commandery; also thirty-second degree Mason in Scottish Rites. He has been district deputy of the Fourth Masonic District, and dis- trict deputy high priest of the First District. and is a member of the Grand Chapter. He was married in Cambridge, October 30, 1864, to Miss Sarah J. Gardner. Their children are : Percy G. (born August 20, 1865), Wilfred (born September 13, 1866), May M. (born July 20, 1872), Stanley M. (born March 21, 1874), and Roy H. Bolster (born April 6, 1877).


BRIDGHAM, PERCY ALBERT, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, and of the Penobscot County bar, Maine, is a native of Maine, born in Kast Eddington, November 5. 1850, son of Albert and Martha C. (Maddocks) Bridgham. He was educated in the public schools of Bangor, Me .. and studied law in the office of Chief Justice Peters in Bangor, and with A. J. Robinson in Bos- ton. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar Novem- ber 8, 1875, and began practice in Boston. Pre- vious to his admission he served as assistant register of deeds of l'enobscot County, Maine, for four years ( 1869-72). He was counsel for the receivers of the Mercantile Savings Institution in Boston from 1878 to 1880, and during that period successfully managed the foreclosure and settle- ment of many hundred mortgaged estates. He opened an office in Bangor, Me., while still retain- ing his Boston office, in 1895. He has conducted the "legal column " of the Boston Daily Globe since 1887. and in 1890 he published a volume under the title of "One thousand Legal Questions Answered by the People's Lawyer." While resid- ing in Bangor, he served as clerk of the Bangor Common Council from 1869 to 1872 ; and. after


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his removal to Massachusetts, served one term, through 1879, in the Common Council of Somer- ville. He is division adjutant of the United Boys'


PERCY A. BRIDGHAM.


Brigades, a religious military Sunday-school or- ganization for Massachusetts.


BRUCE, GEORGE ANSON, of Boston, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, president of the State Senate in 1884, is a native of New Hampshire. born in the town of Mt. Vernon, November 19, 1839, son of Nathaniel and Lucy ( Butterfield) Bruce. He is a lineal descendant of George Bruce, one of the earliest settlers in Woburn, Mass., being settled there in 1659. His father was a prominent man of affairs in his town and county, having held the offices of town clerk of Mt. Vernon for several years, selectman, repre- sentative in the Legislature, and county treasurer. George A. acquired his early education in the local schools, and fitted for college at the MeCol- lom Institute in Mt. Vernon. Entering Dart- mouth, he graduated there, ranking high in his class, in 1861. Soon after leaving college, he began the study of law in the office of Daniel S. and George F. Richardson in Lowell ; but, a few months later, he temporarily closed his books, and


enlisted in the service of his country for the Civil War. Starting as first lieutenant in the Thir- teenth New Hampshire Regiment, he was made in January, 1863, assistant adjutant-general of the Third Brigade, Third Division, Ninth Army Corps, and shortly after assistant adjutant-general and judge advocate of the First Division, Twenty- fourth Corps, under General Charles Devens. He was promoted to a captaincy in 1864 for service at Petersburg, to the rank of major later the same year for gallant conduct at the capture of Fort Harrison, and to lieutenant colonel in 1865 for distinguished services in connection with the capture of Richmond ; and he was mustered out July 3, 1865, with a brilliant record as a faith- ful and brave soldier. After his retirement from the army he resumed his law studies with the Messrs. Richardson in Lowell, retaining his resi- dence in Mt. Vernon, N.H., and in October, 1866, was admitted to the Middlesex bar. Meanwhile he had served a term in the New Hampshire Legislature, having been elected a representative for Mt. Vernon in the spring of that year. In January, 1867, he opened an office in Boston, and


GEO. A. BRUCE.


was soon successfully engaged in a prosperous practice. In 1874 he established his residence in Somerville, and at once became identified with the


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municipal affairs of that then young city. lle was elected to the Board of Aldermen in 1875, and the same year appointed associate justice of the police court; in 1878 was made mayor of the city, and re-elected in 1879 and 1880; and in 1882-83-84 was a member of the State Senate for the First Middlesex District. In the Legisla- ture he was a leader from the start, serving on the committees on the judiciary (chairman), mili- tary affairs, and Hoosac Tunnel, also taking a foremost part in important debates in the Senate sessions ; and his election to the presidency of the Senate in 1884 was by a flattering vote. Since his retirement from public station Mr. Bruce has devoted himself mainly to corporation matters, and has frequently appeared before legislative committees as attorney for large interests, in which he has met with marked success. In politics he is an ardent Republican, and has long been influential in the councils of his party in the State. He is a member of the Loyal Legion. Mr. Bruce was married in Groton, Janu- ary 26, 1870, to Miss Clara M. Hall, daughter of Joseph F. and Sarah (Longley) Hall of that town. They have one daughter : Clara A. Bruce.


CARLSON, CARL ENOCH, of Boston, real estate dealer, is a native of Sweden, born in the province of Holland, July 24, 1858, son of Carl and Fredericka ( Hard) Carlson. His mother was descended from a titled family. His father was a builder and architect. He was educated in his native place, and there early learned and followed the trade of a machinist. Coming to this country when he had attained his majority, he first settled in Pennsylvania. Six years after, in 1885, he went to Rockford, where his brother, the late Professor M. E. Carlson (formerly a professor in the Royal Conservatory of Sweden, and later at the head of the musical department in Gustavus Adolphus College, of St. Peter, Minn.), was then living ; and he was there for some time success- fully engaged in the real estate, loan, and insur- ance business, through which he acquired a hand- some property. He became an owner in the Rock River Subdivision, a territory comprising one hundred and twenty acres of planted ground. and treasurer of the Rock River Planing Mill Company, whose building is on this land : also an owner of stock and a director in a number of furniture manufacturing companies, -- the Rock-


ford Desk and Furniture Company, the Star Furniture Company. the Diamond Furniture Com- pany, the West End Furniture Company,- and


C. E. CARLSON.


in several other manufacturing concerns, among them the Skandia Shoe Company and the Rock- ford Paint Manufacturing Company. He is now president of the Alpine Heights Furniture Com- pany of Chicago. Mr. Carlson has made his home in Boston since January, 1892. In politics he is a Republican.


CHANDLER, ALFRED DUPONT, of Brookline, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Boston, May 18. 1847, son of Theophilus Parsons and Elizabeth Julia (Schlatter) Chandler. On the paternal side he is descended in the eighth gen- eration from Edmund Chandler, who settled in Duxbury in 1633, and was a representative from Duxbury in 1639, in 1643, and in 1645. His maternal grandfather, William Schlatter, was an eminent Philadelphia merchant in the early part of this century. His parents removed to Brook- line when he was a year old, and that has since been his home. He was educated in the Brook- line public schools and at Harvard, graduating in the class of 1868. His law studies were begun with his father, one of the ablest members of the


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bar in his time, and continued in the Boston offices of Abbott & Jones and of Richard 11. Dana, and with Porter, Lowrey, & Soren in New York City. He was admitted to the Middlesex bar at Cambridge. December 13. 1869, and on .April 17. 1877, to the Supreme Court of the United States. His preference is for chamber practice; but on occasion he is heard in town meetings, before legislative committees, and in the higher courts. His attention is given mainly to corporation law, private and municipal. He has been active in the discussion and practical working of municipal administration in Brookline,


ALFRED D. CHANDLER.


and has aided other New England towns. He has appeared in admiralty, in tariff, and in patent cases, and has helped to perfect inventions and to exploit patents for patentees. He was the peti- tioners' counsel in the Ebenezer Smith will case, involving nearly half a million of dollars, in 1878-79, his closing argument in the Probate Court occupying over five hours. As a solicitor for land companies, he has conducted several important suits which appear in the Massachu- setts Reports. He was the plaintiff's solicitor in the leading case of Pierce a. Drew, on the consti- tutionality of the Massachusetts telegraph act. Corporation receivership questions in the United


States courts have required much of his time. lle draughted the bill for the creation of national savings-banks, known as Mr. Windom's bill, and offered by Mr. Windom in the United States Senate, March 1, ISSo. Mr. Chandler's argument thereon at Washington, May 4, 1880, before the committee on finance of the Senate, was printed at the committee's request. His published argu- ments before committees of the State Legislature on the annexation question, in 18So ; on creating a tribunal to decide that a publie necessity for a railroad exists before property can be taken for its construction, in 1882, resulting in Chapter 265 of the Acts of 1882 : and on Nationalism and the municipal control of public lighting, in 1889,-are leading contributions upon those subjects. The construction of the Riverdale Park between Brook- line and Boston is due mainly to Mr. Chandler's continued efforts in surmounting legal and practi- cal difficulties in the way. He has been the pro- moter of or had an influential hand in directing the largest public improvements of late years in Brookline. He served as chairman of the Board of Selectmen, Surveyors of Highways, Board of Health, and Overseers of the Poor, in Brook- line, in 1884-85-86, and as a trustee of the Brookline Public Library in 1874 75 76. The annual Brookline Town Reports, the most com- plete of any in the country, now follow the model established by his direction in 1885. The report of that year gives an elaborate exposition of municipal financiering, written by him. He was one of the earliest importers and users of the bicycle in America ; and through his appeal, sus- tained by the Treasury Department at Washing- ton in 1877, bicycles were first made subject to the duty of and classed as carriages. His little book, "A Bicycle Tour in England and Wales," published in Boston and London in 188t, is mentioned in the select list of bibliography in Baedeker's "Great Britain." He has been a con- stant contributor to the local press on a variety of questions touching municipal administration. In politics he is a Republican, and has served as president of the Brookline Republican Club. He is a member of the American Bar Association, of the Boston Bar Association, of the American Economic Association, and of the Exchange Club of Boston, of which he was an active founder. Ile was married in Brookline, December 22, ISS2, to Miss Mary M. Poor, daughter of Henry V. and Mary W. (Pierce) Poor. They have six children.




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