USA > Massachusetts > Norfolk County > Brookline > Proceedings of the Brookline Historical Society at the annual meeting > Part 24
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The report of the committee gives this description of Village Square streets at that time: -
" The present width of Boylston street from the railing on said bank wall to the fence on the other side being in the narrowest place about 50 feet, of which 38 feet have been graded for travel- ling and a water course, while the same street between Cypress street and Walley's Hill for a distance of two hundred paces, is only twenty-eight feet in width between railings.
" The width of Washington street opposite said Walker's meadow between the bank wall on the western side and the fence on the eastern side is 56 feet, and the length of the present water course or brook running on said street, between the bank wall and the line of said meadow to the stone bridge, is about 95 feet, over which a stone bridge will be required if said petition be granted."
The town adopted the majority report of the committee, which saw neither necessity nor expediency in granting the petition which would require an expenditure of several hundred dollars without adequate public benefit.
In building the Reservoir for Boston's water supply from Lake Cochituate, certain land was taken from the road as laid out by the County Commissioners. At the March town meeting, 1848, this question, and the equally important one of lowering the grade over Bradley Hill, was referred to a committee consisting of Benjamin Goddard, Charles Heath, James Bartlett and Jesse Bird, with authority to contract with the Boston Water Commissioners on cer- tain conditions, one of which was that the finish of the top of the road through the excavation should be done with stone or chips of stone and gravel to the width of thirteen feet and the depth of twelve inches.
The grade of the road was reduced six feet, and was widened on the northerly side by building abutments of stone wall. The Water Commissioners paid $1000, private subscriptions $760, and the
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town appropriated $1,371.97 and agreed to hold the city harmless for the land taken from the road for the Reservoir.
In 1853, the street for a distance of 17 rods in front of Henry Lee's was widened, with a culvert, water course and new railing. In 1859, at the adjourned annual meeting a motion was offered to appropriate $8,000 for lowering the grade of Bradley's Hill, mak- ing and repairing Boylston street. This motion did not prevail, but was referred to the Selectmen for future report.
In 1860, the abutment wall in front of the estate of John S. Wright was relaid.
In 1862, the grade was improved along that part of the street opposite the estates of Francis and Francis K. Fisher, Charles Heath and Henry Lee.
In 1866, a petition was presented to the Selectmen by a large number of citizens praying that that part of Boylston street be- tween Cypress street and the west line of the estate of Benjamin Goddard, which was included in the location of the street but had never been made use of, should be graded and occupied. The Selectmen reported in substance that if anything was to be done it should be well done, and recommended a lowering of the grade over Bradley Hill eight feet, and building the street to the full width to which the town was entitled by the record. This, how- ever, required the building and rebuilding of heavy retaining walls. The necessary great expense, in view of the high prices of labor and the large debt of the town, both of which they hoped soon to see abated, caused the Selectmen to recommend the post- ponement of the improvement. At the annual meeting the next year, the necessary appropriation was made.
In accordance with the order of the County Commissioners, the street was relocated from Cypress street to the Newton line and widened to full width in front of Benjamin Goddard's estate in November, 1870, for which purpose the town appropriated twenty- seven thousand dollars. To quote from the recorded location :
" The only abuttor to whom damages are awarded is to heirs of Benjamin Goddard- $762.82. No other sums are awarded for lands taken to widen said Boylston street, as the same already belong to said highway, having been included within the location of said Turnpike when it was laid out as a highway. . It . being hereby noted that the walls and fences at the following points encroach upon the street as shown on said plan : viz., on lands of John A. Bird, heirs of William Bird, M. P. Kennard, Henry V. Poor, N. G. Chapin, Jabez Fisher, lands late of S. Row- land Hart, Mrs. Penniman, Theodore Lyman, R. S. Fay, John L. Sheriff, Hon. John Lowell, Morris Shea, Michael Barry and John Reardon."
Not until the next century was the street seriously disturbed again, but in 1900, under authority of the vote of November 9th,
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1899, passed at probably the largest meeting, exclusive of elections, the town has ever had for transacting public business, work was again begun on another, and let us hope the final, widening of the street from Cypress street to the Newton line, an improvement which required an appropriation of $300,000 for land damages and cost of construction ..
History is the story of successions and the causes thereof.
As the Indian trail merged into the path and the path grew into the road, as the road became the " King's Highway" to be in turn succeeded by the straight-away turnpike, - so, in the evolution of transportation facilities, the turnpike, travelled night and day by the express stage-lines, filled its place in the history of that evolu- tion, and, with some spasmodic resistance, succumbed before the iron horse, puffing and whistling along the steel-railed right of way.
Stagecoach and tavern days reached the high level of their development along the line from Boston to Worcester from 1830 to 1835, after which the once popular route took its place in history as the "Old Worcester Turnpike, " its usefulness almost entirely taken away by the completion of the Boston and Worcester steam railroad.
In 1831 and 1832, there were one hundred and six stagecoach lines running out of Boston in different directions, and time-tables of the various lines were published regularly. How many stage- lines passed through Brookline, the writer cannot say definitely ; but it was estimated that in 1831 the average amount of travelling between Boston and Worcester -the bulk of which passed through Brookline over the turnpike - was equal to 22,360 passages per annum, for which the lowest fare was two dollars and the shortest time six hours.
In 1905 the electric lines over almost the same route - exactly the same until some distance beyond Framingham - carried 10,279,303 paying passengers, of which 401,478 were through travellers between Boston and Worcester.
Radiating from Worcester, connecting with the Boston stages, were many other lines, and they continued for years before the steam railroads supplanted them. The owner of the most impor- tant of these radiating lines, with one hundred and fifty horses and controlling stage routes aggregating two hundred and eighty-six miles, was Ginery Twichell, who later resided in Brookline on Kent street, and became a member of Congress. He started as a postrider and stage-driver and gradually became one of the great men, not only in that business, but in the steam railroad business, which took its place. A lithograph was published in 1850 pictur- ing a man galloping along the road in a driving snowstorm, en- titled, "The unrivaled express rider Ginery Twichell, who rode
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from Worcester to Hartford, a distance of sixty miles, in three hours and twenty minutes through a deep snow January 23, 1846."
Although the many changes in Brookline have been noted, the turnpike road received little attention in the towns beyond after the proprietors surrendered the charter and it became a public highway. It suffered the usual vicissitudes of the ordinary coun- try road and repairs were made only when necessary. Other roads which avoided the steep grades and long hard climbs made true the old saying that "the longest way round is the shortest way home."
There was little if any through travel, and except for short stretches through the populous sections of towns, it retained not a shadow of its former popularity. Moss-covered stone walls or dilapidated weather-beaten fences marked its bounds ; with here and there a turnout to enable the thirsty horses or cattle to drink from some clear-watered brook which flowed lazily under the road- way. The quiet and peacefulness along the way was undisturbed except by the clatter of the bell on some cow's neck as she fed along the faintly marked side-path on the way to and from the nearby pasture.
For over fifty years, the old turnpike dozed and nodded in this sleepy sort of a way, until in the first years of the twentieth century its slumbers were disturbed by the sudden shock of the electric current, which, revolutionizing nearly every form of in- dustry, has affected the problem of transportation in particular. Again the engineers and contractors covered the ground, and when they had finished their work the old road was so altered in appearance that never again can it be recognized, even by itself.
Today, the " broom-stick trains " leave "ye ancient highway in Brookline where the arch stands" for "the street in Worcester near the Court House " every half hour or less, and carry thou- sands of coach-loads of passengers at high speed, without dust, cinders, or other similar discomfort. Every seat is an outside seat in pleasant summer weather, and in cold or stormy weather the easy-riding cars are well warmed and comfortably furnished. In 1906, we might repeat the words of the historian of seventy years ago, when he said in regard to the stage coach lines of 1836, "the speed of travelling and its facilities have been increased almost beyond measure."
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[Read before the Society December 26, 1906, by Edward W. Baker.]
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No. 9016. Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Be it known That whereas RUFUS GEORGE FREDERICK CANDAGE, EDWARD WILD BAKER, JULIA GODDARD, JOHN EMORY HOAR, HARRIET ALMA CUMMINGS, CHARLES HENRY STEARNS, JAMES MACMASTER CODMAN, JR., CHARLES FRENCH READ, EDWIN BIRCHARD COX, WILLARD Y. GROSS, CHARLES KNOWLES BOLTON, TAPPAN EUSTIS FRANCIS, DESMOND FITZGERALD, D. S. SANFORD, and MARTHA A. KITTREDGE have associated themselves with the inten- tion of forming a corporation under the name of the
Brookline Historical Society,
for the purpose of the study of the history of the town of Brookline, Massachusetts, its societies, organizations, families, individuals, and events, the collection and preservation of its antiquities, the establish- ment and maintenance of an historical library, and the publication from time to time of such information relating to the same as shall be deemed expedient, and have complied with the provisions of the statutes of this Commonwealth in such case made and provided, as appears from the certificate of the President, Treasurer, and Directors of said corporation, " duly approved by the Commissioner of Corporations and recorded in this office ;
Rom, therefore, E, William M. Olin, Secretary of the Commonweath of Massachusetts, do hereby certify, that said RUFUS GEORGE FREDERICK CANDAGE, EDWARD WILD BAKER, JULIA GODDARD, JOHN EMORY HOAR, HARRIET ALMA CUMMINGS, CHARLES HENRY STEARNS, JAMES MACMASTER CODMAN, JR., CHARLES FRENCH READ, EDWIN BIRCHARD COX, WILLARD Y. GROSS, CHARLES KNOWLES BOLTON, TAPPAN EUSTIS FRANCIS, DESMOND FITZGERALD, D. S. SANFORD, and MARTHA A. KITTREDGE, their associates and successors, are legally organized and established as and are hereby made an existing corpora- tion under the name of the
Brookline historical Society,
with the powers, rights and privileges, and subject to the limitations, duties and restrictions, which by law appertain thereto.
¿Hitness my official signature hereunto sub- scribed, and the seal of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts hereunto affixed, this twenty-ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord one thousand nine hundred and one.
WM. M. OLIN, Secretary of the Commonwealth.
BROOKLINE HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
OFFICERS AND COMMITTEES. 1907.
Trustees.
RUFUS G. F. CANDAGE, President.
MRS. MARTHA A. KITTREDGE.
MISS JULIA GODDARD. CHARLES H. STEARNS, Vice-Pres.
MRS. SUSAN V. GRIGGS. CHARLES F. WHITE.
EDWARD W. BAKER, Clerk and Treasurer.
Committee on Rooms.
MISS JULIA GODDARD. MRS. SUSAN VINING GRIGGS. CHARLES H. STEARNS. RUFUS G. F. CANDAGE, President, ex-officio. EDWARD W. BAKER, Clerk,
Committee on Papers.
MISS ELLEN CHASE.
CHARLES H. STEARNS.
CHARLES F. WHITE.
Committee on Membership.
ALBERT A. FOLSOM.
JAMES ADAMS.
GEORGE F. DEARBORN.
GEORGE S. MANN.
WILLARD Y. GROSS.
Committee on Library.
CHARLES F. READ.
HENRY D. EUSTIS.
LUTHER M. MERRILL.
ALBERT A. FOLSOM.
JOHN H. SHERBURNE, JR.
Committee on Finance.
JAMES M. CODMAN, JR.
CHARLES H. STEARNS.
RUFUS G. F. CANDAGE, President, ex-officio.
Committee on Publications.
CHARLES F. READ. FREDERICK L. GAY. FRANKLIN W. HOBBS. RUFUS G. F. CANDAGE, EDWARD W. BAKER, }ex-officio.
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MEMBERS.
MAY, 1907.
** Benefactors.
Adams, Benjamin F. Adams, Frank Sydney Adams, James Addison, Daniel Dulany (D.D.) Arnold, Mrs. Tirzah S. Aspinwall, Thomas Atkinson, Mrs. Mary C.
*Life Members.
Belmont, Mass. 118 Mason terrace. 90 Longwood avenue.
47 Garrison road. 81 Davis avenue. 14 Hawthorn road. Heath avenue.
Bailey, Arthur H.
Baker, Charles M.
Baker, Mrs. Edith C.
Baker, Edward Wild
Baker, Mrs. Alice Souther
Bates, Jacob P. Beck, Frederick Bickford, Scott F. Blanchard, Benjamin S. (M.D.) Boit, Mrs. Robert A. Bowker, Edwin P. Burdett, Frank W.
195 Davis avenue. III Ivy street.
III Ivy street.
29 Vernon street.
29 Vernon street.
222 Summer street, Boston.
43 Davis avenue.
24 Kilsyth road.
432 Washington street. 19 Colchester street. 224 Aspinwall avenue. 44 Harvard avenue.
Cabot, Elizabeth Rogers
*Candage, Rufus George Frederick
*Candage, Mrs. Ella Marie Candage, Robert Brooks Carroll, B. Frank Chandler, Alfred Dupont Channing, Walter (M.D.) Chase, Caleb Chase, Miss Ellen Chase, Heman Lincoln (M.D.) Chase, Walter G. (M.D.) Clapp, Miss Mary C.
Clark, Lyman J. Clement, Thomas W. Codman, James Macmaster Codman, James Macmaster, Jr. Cole, Samuel W. Comstock, William O.
*Conant, Lewis S. Conant, Nathaniel
Heath street. 20 Kent street.
20 Kent street.
20 Kent street.
217 Walnut street.
411 Washington street.
27 Chestnut Hill avenue.
1546 Beacon street.
Rawson road. Kennard road. 40 St. Paul street. Newton street. 63 Harvard avenue.
II Davis avenue. Warren street. Warren street.
56 Thorndike street.
54 Dudley street. 72 Park street.
25 Gardner road.
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Coolidge, Miss Ellen G. Cox, Edwin Birchard Craig, William Crosby, Mrs. William Sumner *Cummings, Prentiss
** Dane, Ernest B. Davenport, F. H. Davis, George P. Dearborn, George F. Doliber, Thomas
*Doliber, Mrs. Ada Ripley Dolliver, Mrs. Ella Augusta Driscoll, Michael Duncklee, Charles B.
Estabrook, Willard W. Esty, Clarence H. *Eustis, Miss Elizabeth M.
*Eustis, Henry D. Eustis, Joseph Tracy *Eustis, Miss Mary S. B.
Fay, James H.
*Fish, Mrs. Clara P. Fish, Frederick P. FitzGerald, Desmond
*Fitzpatrick, Thomas B. Flanders, Mrs. Helen Burgess Fleming, John F. Folsom, Albert Alonzo Folsom, Mrs. Julia E. Francis, Carleton S. (M.D.) Francis, George H. (M.D.) Francis, Tappan Eustis (M.D.) · French, Alexis H.
Gaither, Charles Perry *Gay, Frederick Lewis Gibbs, Emery B. ** Goddard, Miss Julia
** Goddard, Mary Louisa Gray, William H. Griggs, Mrs. Susan Vining Gross, Willard Young Gross, Mrs. Susan M. Guild, Mrs. Sarah E. M.
Harvard street. 125 Buckminster road. 15 Columbia street. 173 Gardner road. 187 Gardner road.
Heath street. Kennard road. 16 Emerson street.
125 Park street. Goddard avenue. Goddard avenue. Humboldt avenue, Roxbury.
9 Kent street. 683 Washington street.
60 Longwood avenue. Addington road. 1020 Beacon street. 1020 Beacon street.
93 Ivy street. 1020 Beacon street.
Linden place. 9 Prescott street.
9 Prescott street.
410 Washington street.
15 Winthrop road. 37 Auburn street. 295 Pond avenue. 23 Garrison road. 23 Garrison road. 26 Davis avenue. 295 Walnut street. 35 Davis avenue. 35 Cypress street.
30 Francis street. Holland road. 42 Alton place. Warren street.
6 Commonwealth avenue, Boston.
73 Middlesex road, C. H. 555 Washington street. II Holden street. 11 Holden street. Elm place.
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Hedge, Frederick H. *Hill, William H. Hoar, David Blakely Hobbs, Franklin W. Hopkins, Charles A. Hook, Miss Maria C.
·Howe, Miss Harriet Augusta Howe, Miss Louise Hunt, William D. Hunt, Mrs. William D.
Jones, Mrs. Clarence W. *Jones, Jerome
Kenrick, Alfred Eugene *Kimball, Miss Helen Frances
*Kimball, Lulu Stacy *Kittredge, Mrs. Martha A.
Lamb, Henry W. Lamb, Miss Augusta T.
Lauriat, Charles E.
Lee, Mrs. Sara White
LeMoyne, Macpherson
Lincoln, Albert L. Lincoln, William E. Lincoln, Mrs. William E. Lincoln, William Henry Little, James Lowell Longyear, John M. Luke, Otis H. Lord, Calvin Lyon, William Henry (D.D.)
Mann, George Sumner Mason, Frank H. Maxwell, George Frederic Merrill, Frank A.
*Merrill, Luther M. Mowry, Oscar B. McKey, Joseph McKey, Mrs. W. R. Murphy, James S.
Norton, Fred L.
O'Brion, Thomas L. Otis, Herbert Foster
440 Boylston street. 81 Marion street. 100 High street. 78 Upland road. 80 Winthrop road. Newton street. Linden street. Linden street. 30 Warren street. 30 Warren street.
101 St. Mary's street. 101 Summit avenue.
71 Gorham avenue. 292 Kent street. 394 Kent street. Gardner road.
138 High street. 138 High street.
1049 Beacon street.
43 Harvard avenue.
93 Pleasant street.
Walnut place. 54 Gardner road. 54 Gardner road. Beech road. Goddard avenue. Leicester street.
1223 Beacon street. 7 Auburn court. 353 Walnut street.
1760 Beacon street. 21 Fuller street. 37 Harris street.
123 Dean road. 62 Green street.
136 St. Paul street. 24 Stearns road. 18 Stearns road.
1575 Beacon street.
147 Winchester street.
9 Regent circle. 165 Fisher avenue.
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Palmer, Mrs. Emma L. Parsons, William E. Pattee, Mrs. Eleanor T. Pearson, Charles Henry ** Perry, Arthur
Poor, Miss Agnes Blake
Poor, Mrs. Lillie Oliver
Poor, Mrs. Mary W.
Poor, James Ridgway
Pope, Arthur Wallace
Porter, Georgia M. Whidden
Newton street. 92 Marion street. Ivy street. 350 Tappan street.
389 Walnut street.
201 Buckminster road.
389 Walnut street.
201 Buckminster road.
1763 Beacon street.
69 Longwood avenue.
Read, Charles French
14 Elm street.
*Richardson, Frederic Leopold Wm. Warren street. Richardson, Henry Hobson Ritchie, Andrew Montgomery Rooney, James C.
Cottage street. 268 Walnut street. 50 Kent street.
Sabine, George K. (M.D.) 30 Irving street. Salisbury, William Cabot Gorham 3 Parkman terrace.
*Sargent, Charles Sprague Saxe, John W. Schweinfurth, Julius A.
Seaver, William James
Sedgwick, William T.
Shaw, James F.
Sherburne, John H., Jr. Snow, Franklin A.
523 Washington street.
Spencer, Charles A. W.
I Harvard street.
Stearns, Charles Henry Stearns, James Pierce
Stearns, William Bramhall
Stevens, Mrs. Mary Louise Stone, Galen L. Storrow, Charles Storrs, Miss Maria Swan, Reuben S.
Swan, Robert T.
Swan, Mrs. Robert T.
*Talbot, Fritz B. Thayer, Frank Bartlett
Utley, Charles H.
Walker, Nathaniel U. Ware, Henry Warren, Edward R. Watson, Miss Mary
23 Regent circle.
Buckminster road. I Perrin road. 76 Walnut street. Goddard avenue.
Warren street.
324 Tappan street.
10 Webster place. 76 Longwood avenue. 20 Edgehill road. Powell street. 262 Walnut street.
265 Harvard street.
31 Pleasant street.
43 Pleasant street. 39 Columbia street. Buckminster road.
112 High street. 130 Aspinwall avenue. 91 Babcock street. 1015 Beacon street. 1015 Beacon street.
131 Sewall avenue. 1668 Beacon street.
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Watson, Mrs.Eliza Tilden Goddard Goddard avenue.
Wead, Leslie C.
Whitcomb, Lawrence
220 Aspinwall avenue. 128 Crafts road.
White, Charles F.
Warren street.
White, Mrs. Louie D.
Warren street.
White, Francis A.
Warren street.
White, William H.
93 Dean road.
White, William Howard
164 Chestnut Hill avenue. 222 High street. Longwood avenue.
Whitman, William
Goddard avenue.
Whitney, Henry M.
519 Boylston street.
Wight, Lewis
Rawson road.
*Wightman, George H. Willcut, Levi Lincoln
Hawes street.
Williams, Charles A.
9 Longwood avenue. 35 Walnut place.
Williams, Mrs. Elizabeth Whitney 50 Edgehill road.
Williams, Moses
Warren street.
Winsor, Alfred
204 Walnut street.
Winsor, Mrs. Alfred
204 Walnut street.
Woods, J. Henry (M.D.)
39 Salisbury road.
Young, William Hill
21 John street.
CORRESPONDING MEMBER.
Ricker, Mrs. Emeline Carr Dorchester.
White, William Orne (D.D.)
Whiting, John K.
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BROOKLINE HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
BY-LAWS.
ARTICLE I.
NAME.
The name of this corporation shall be Brookline Historical Society.
ARTICLE II. OBJECTS.
The objects of this Society shall be the study of the history of the town of Brookline, Massachusetts, its societies, organizations, families, individuals, events; the collection and preservation of its antiquities, the establishment and maintenance of an historical library, and the publication from time to time of such information relating to the same as shall be deemed expedient.
ARTICLE III. MEMBERSHIP.
Any person of moral character who shall be nominated and approved by the Board of Trustees may be elected to membership by ballot of two-thirds of the members present and voting thereon at any regular meeting of the Society. Each person so elected shall pay an admission fee of three dollars, and an annual assess- ment of two dollars; and any member who shall fail for two con- secutive years to pay the annual assessment shall cease to be a member of this Society ; provided, however, that any member who shall pay twenty-five dollars in any one year may thereby become a Life member ; and any member who shall pay fifty dollars in any one year may thereby become a Benefactor of the Society, and thereafter shall be free from all dues and assessments. The money received from Life members and Benefactors shall constitute a fund, of which not more than twenty per cent, together with the annual income therefrom, shall be spent in any one year.
The Society may elect Honorary and Corresponding members in the manner in which annual members are elected, but they shall have no voice in the management of the Society, and shall not be subject to fee or assessment.
ARTICLE IV. CERTIFICATES.
Certificates signed by the President and the Clerk may be issued to all persons who become Life members, and to Benefactors.
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ARTICLE V. OFFICERS.
The officers of this Society shall be seven Trustees, a President, a Vice-President, a Secretary (who shall be Clerk of the Society and may also be elected to fill the office of Treasurer), and a Treasurer, who, together, shall constitute the Board of Trustees. The Trustees, Clerk, and Treasurer shall be chosen by ballot at the annual meeting in January, and shall hold office for one year, and until others are chosen and qualified in their stead. The President and Vice-President shall be chosen by the Board of Trustees from their number at their first meeting after their election, or at an adjournment thereof.
ARTICLE VI. MEETINGS.
The annual meeting of this Society shall be held on the fourth Wednesday of January. Regular stated meetings shall be held on the fourth Wednesday of February, March, April, May, October, November, and December.
Special meetings may be called by order of the Board of Trus- tees. The Clerk shall notify each member by a written or printed notice sent through the mail postpaid at least three days before the time of meeting, or by publishing such notice in one or more newspapers published in Brookline.
At all meetings of the Society ten (10) members shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.
The meetings of the Board of Trustees shall be called by the Clerk at the request of the President, by giving each member personal or written notice, or by sending such notice by mail, post- paid, at least twenty-four hours before the time of such meeting ; but meetings where all the Trustees are present may be held with- out such notice. The President shall call meetings of the Board of Trustees at the request of any three members thereof. A majority of its members shall constitute a quorum for the transac- tion of business.
ARTICLE VII. VACANCIES.
Vacancies in the offices of Trustees, Clerk, or Treasurer may be filled for the remainder of the term at any regular meeting of the Society by the vote of two-thirds of the members present and voting. In the absence of the Clerk at a meeting of the Society, a Clerk pro tempore shall be chosen.
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ARTICLE VIII. NOMINATING COMMITTEE.
At the monthly meeting in December, a Nominating Committee of three members shall be appointed by the presiding officer, who shall report at the annual meeting a list of candidates for the places to be filled.
ARTICLE IX. PRESIDING OFFICER.
The President, or in his absence the Vice-President, shall pre- side at all meetings of the Society. In the absence of those officers a President pro tempore shall be chosen.
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