USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > Somerville > Report of the city of Somerville 1920 > Part 15
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Specimens and Supplies.
Outfits for specimens to be examined for tuberculosis,. diphtheria, and typhoid fever, and diphtheria anti-toxin, vac- cine lymph and nitrate of silver solution may be obtained at the laboratory and at the following places :-
R. A. Peckham, 154 Perkins street.
Edward Edwards, 25 Union square. Willis S. Furbush & Co., 1153 Broadway.
Hall Drug Co., Hobbs building, Davis square. Ernest B. McClure, 529 Medford street. John Morrison, 288 Highland avenue.
Richardson Pharmacy, 310 Broadway. George E. Wardrobe, 693 Broadway.
Hereafter the Agent of this Board will collect, daily, at five o'clock, p. m., all specimens left at culture stations for ex- amination, prior to that hour.
Physicians desiring reports on the following day, of speci- mens taken after this collection has been made must deposit the same at the City Hall Annex, in the receptacle provided, before nine-thirty p. m.
Results of all examinations of specimens received at the- City Hall Annex prior to nine-thirty p. m., will be reported to the physicians on the following morning.
225
HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
Medical Inspection of Schools.
The medical inspection of the schools of Somerville, which: was instituted in December, 1907, has been continued during the year. The value of the system has been constantly dem- onstrated, and the work has been done in a very satisfactory manner. There has been harmony of action between the board of health and the school board, and the school principals and teachers have very generally co-operated with the inspectors in making the system as successful as possible.
The inspectors make daily visits to the schools under their charge, and to them are referred all children who show evi- dences of disease or abnormal conditions. Children who are found to be unfit to remain in school are sent home, accom- panied by a slip properly filled out advising that the family physician be consulted. The inspectors also make an annual inspection of all the children in the schools, and any defects. discovered are called to the attention of the parents. Monthly inspections of the school buildings and premises are made, and suggestions or criticisms are referred to the proper authori- ties. Every effort is made to protect the health of the chil- dren and to co-operate with the parents in keeping the children in as normal a condition as possible.
In accordance with the provisions of the statute, tests of sight and hearing are made by the principals or teachers.
The districts and inspectors are as follows :-
District No. 1- Eastern Junior High, Prescott, Hanscom, Edgerly and Boys' Vocational schools. Inspector, Dr. Francis Shaw, 57 Cross street.
District No. 2. - Baxter, Knapp, Perry and Southern Jun- ior High schools. Inspector, Dr. Edward J. Dailey, 46 Bow street.
District No. 3. - Bennett, Pope, Cummings and Proctor schools. Inspector, Dr. L. H. Raymond, 146 Highland avenue.
Dr. Raymond resigned December 1, 1920, and Dr. Walter Jellis, 1028 Broadway, was appointed in his place to assume his duties January 1, 1921.
District No. 4. - Morse, Carr, Durell, Burns and Girls' Vo- cational schools. Inspector, Dr. W. L. Bond, 322 Highland avenue.
District No. 5. - Brown, Bingham, Forster and Northern Junior High schools. Inspector, Dr. H. M. Stoodley, 283 High- land avenue.
District No. 6. - Western Junior High, Lincoln, Highland, Cutler and Lowe schools. Inspector, Dr. H. Cholerton, 94 Col- lege avenue.
226
ANNUAL REPORTS.
District No. 7. - Glines and High schools. Inspector, Dr. Edgar F. Sewall, 281 Broadway.
Parochial Schools. - Inspector, Dr. M. W. White, 21 Wal- nut street.
During the year, 17,337 children have been referred to the inspectors during their daily visits, and 672 have been sent home because of illness.
The following list will show the classes of diseases and de- fects which have been found in the schools, except defects of sight and hearing :-
List of Diseases and Number of Cases Reported.
1. Infectious diseases : -
Chicken pox
32
Infantile paralysis
1
Influenza
10
Measles
38
Mumps
72
Scarlet fever
17
Tuberculosis
28
Whooping cough
11
Total
209
2. Diseases of the nose and throat :-
Enlarged tonsils and adenoids
1014
Inflammatory diseases
190
Other abnormal conditions
19
Total
1223
3. Diseases of the eyes :-
Inflammatory conditions
67
Foreign bodies
6
Other abnormal conditions
22
Total
.
95
4. Diseases of the ears :-
Inflammatory conditions
33
Other abnormal conditions
12
Total
5. Diseases of the skin:
43
Herpes
.
.
42
Impetigo
133
Pediculosis
577
Scabies
58
Tinea
24
Miscellaneous conditions
157
Total .
1034
.
.
.
.
45
Eczema
.
227
HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
6. Miscellaneous diseases :-
Diseases of the circulatory system ·
6
Diseases of the digestive system .
55
Diseases of the lymphatic system
51
Diseases of the nervous system
17
Diseases of the respiratory system
199
Wounds and injuries .
57
Diseases of the teeth .
419
Other conditions
37
Total
841
Total number of diseases reported .
3447
Vaccinations performed
48
Examinations for vaccinations
792
Certificate to work
150
Bacteriological Department.
The report of the work of this department is made by Frank L. Morse, M. D., on a subsequent page and becomes a part of this report.
Undertakers.
Under the provisions of Section 44 of Chapter 78 of the Revised Laws of 1902, twenty-two persons have been duly li- censed as undertakers.
Examination of Plumbers.
The public statutes provide for a board of examiners of plumbers, consisting of a chairman of the board of health, the inspector of buildings, and an expert at plumbing, to be ap- pointed by the board of health. This board appointed Duncan C. Greene, the inspector of plumbing, to fill the place of expert. The number of licenses granted will be found in the report of the inspector of buildings.
Health Nurses.
There are at present four nurses employed by this Board. Two of these are employed as school nurses and the work of the others, consists of follow-up work regarding tuberculosis cases and post-natal baby hygiene work.
The reports of the school nurses are made a part of the report of the School Committee and those of the other nurses are made a part of this report being submitted in detail in sub- sequent pages.
R. M. LAVENDER, Chairman, JOHN E. GILLIS, M. D. WARREN C. BLAIR,
Board of Health.
Attest:
LAURENCE S. HOWARD, Clerk.
.
.
228
ANNUAL REPORTS.
REPORT OF HEALTH NURSES.
Somerville, Mass., January 1, 1921.
To the Board of Health, Somerville, Mass.
Gentlemen :-
We submit the following report of work performed by us in infant hygiene, post natal and tuberculosis cases for the year ending December 31, 1920.
Infant Hygiene.
Infants reported as born in Somerville during 1920
1740
Infants born elsewhere resident in Somerville .
263
Pairs of twins born in Somerville
21
Still-births in Somerville
64
Infants who moved away from Somerville .
102
Infants artificially fed before eight months old
700
Infants artificially fed before six months old .
500
Infants artificially fed before one month old
200
Infants afflicted with Ophthalmia Neonatorum
17
Infants affiicted with Conjunctivitis
11
·
There were one hundred and fifty-two deaths of infants under one year of age in Somerville during the past year as shown in the following table :
NATIONALITY OF PARENTS
Causes of Death
American.
Irish.
Italian.
Portugese.
Swedish.
Greek.
Total.
Premature births.
18
15
6
2
2
43
Contagious diseases.
18
20
3
5
46
Congenital causes.
16
17
4
37
Intestinal causes.
7
8
7
4
26
Totals
59
60
20
2
2
9
152
Infants dying elsewhere resident of Somerville
10
A
-
229
HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
Infants who died who were on breast feeding alone at time of death . · ·
18
Infants who died who were artificially fed at time
of death .
45
Infants who died who were both artificially and
9
Boarding places for babies inspected .
·
12
Infants under medical supervision at the two Baby Welfare Clinics
400
Total visits made to infants
8709
Tuberculosis.
Pulmonary tuberculosis cases reported in 1920 . Other forms of tuberculosis reported in 1920 . 20
Patients admitted to Sanatoria .
55
Patients previously reported in Sanatoria .
33
Patients now in Sanatoria
52
Patients who have moved away from the city
25
Patients now living in Somerville
288
Patients temporarily out of Somerville
26
Deaths from tuberculosis
69
In Sanatoria
52
At Home
17
1
69
Homes where there is or has been tuberculosis where there are school children
Previously reported ·
· 199
Found this year · . .
54
253
Children in homes where there is or has been tuber- culosis. Reported to School Department. Previously reported 360
Found this year 95
455
Houses from which second and third reports of tuber- culosis have come.
Previously reported
.
·
22
This year
23
.
45
1
breast fed at death
.
164
Deaths in Sanatoria ·
52
230
ANNUAL REPORTS.
TABLES SHOWING AGES AND SEX OF CASES IN THIS CITY. Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
SEX
Ages
Total
Male
Female
Under fifteen years.
11
8
19
From fifteen to twenty years.
5
15
20
From twenty to thirty years
27
31
58
From thirty to forty years
23
23
46
Over forty years.
40
27
67
Total
106
104
210
Other Forms of Tuberculosis.
Ages
1
SEX
Total
Male
Female
Under fifteen years
7
12
From fifteen to twenty
5
6
11
From twenty to thirty years.
5
10
15
From thirty to forty years.
4
8
Over forty years.
6
8
Total
21
33
54
Patients in Somerville Pulmonary 210 Other Forms 54 Suspects 31 Total visits made to Tuberculosis patients
1012
Miscellaneous.
Typhoid Fever cases reported (died 3)
16
Total miscellaneous visits .
79
Recapitulation of Visits.
Baby Hygiene
8709
Tuberculosis
1012
Miscellaneous
79
Total visits
9800
Respectfully submitted, H. B. BERRY, M. L. SCOTT,
Health Nurses.
295
231
HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
REPORT OF DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL INSPECTION.
Somerville, Mass., January 1, 1921.
To the Board of Health, Somerville, Mass.
Gentlemen :-
I herewith present the report of the Department of Medical Inspection for the year 1920 including statistics of the Con- tagious Disease Hospital.
Visits.
Scarlet Fever - Each case must be inspected before release from quarantine to see that the condition of the patient is suitable for release .
· 186
Diphtheria - Before patients are released from quarantine two successive negative cultures must be obtained . .
73
Contagious Hospital
361
Total number of visits
620
Contagious Disease Hospital.
Diseases
In Hospital Jan. 1, 1920
Ad- mitted
Discharged Well or improved
Dead
In Hospital Jan. 1, 1921
Diphtheria
2
82
69
15
0
Scarlet Fever
4
58
59
1
2
Tuberculosis .
15
30
22
14
9
Miscellaneous
0
15
10
4
1
The daily average of patients was 7.6 in the contagious de- partment, 11.37 in the tuberculosis department, a total of 18.97.
LABORATORY EXAMINATIONS.
Diphtheria.
Negative Positive Total
January
94
31
125
February
.
72
3
75
March
79
6
85
April
79
22
101
May
43
15
58
June
39
12
51
July
55
4
59
August
28
2
30
September
25
0
25
October
30
0
30
November
70
4
74
December
107
12
119
Totals
721
111
832
.
.
232
ANNUAL REPORTS.
Tuberculosis.
Negative Positive
Total
January
.
.
18
13
31
February
19
4
23
March
13
5
18
April
18
9
27
May
18
6
24
June .
16
9
25
July
7
6
13
August
11
2
13
September
14
5
19
October
13
10
23
November
9
7
16
December
25
5
30
Totals
181
81
262
Typhoid.
Negative Positive
Total
January
2
0
2
February
.
5
0
5
March
3
0
3
April
6
0
6
May
3
0
3
June .
4
0
4
July .
12
0
12
August
5
0
5
September
12
0
12
October
12
1
13
November
5
0
5
December
3
0
3
Totals .
72
1
73
Examinations made for Malaria, Oph-
thalmia, Paratyphoid, Gonorrhea and Pneumonia
15
Total examinations
.
1182
.
.
Respectfully submitted, FRANK L. MORSE, Medical Inspector and Bacteriologist.
233
HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
REPORT OF THE INSPECTOR OF ANIMALS AND PROVISIONS.
Somerville, Mass., January 1, 1921.
To the Board of Health, Somerville, Mass.
Gentlemen :-
I submit the following as my report for the year ending December 31, 1920.
Inspections.
The following table shows the number of inspections made during the past year. In order to safeguard the consumer, all establishments handling foodstuffs are under constant super- vision. Bakeries, lunch carts and restaurants have been in- spected weekly.
All the factories in the city have been inspected monthly.
The Barber Shops are under very careful inspection and must be kept in a sanitary condition and the barbers are re- quired to keep themselves neat and clean and to properly ster- ilize their instruments.
Number of Inspections.
Bakeries
284
Premises where Cows are
Barber Shops .
331
kept 10
Billiard Halls and Bowling Alleys
157
Premises where Goats are kept . 11
Blacksmith's Shops .
17
Public Halls
31
Candy and Ice Cream
Rendering Plants
154
Plants
225
Slaughter Houses
421
Factories
242
Stores and Markets Stables
272
Hen Houses and Yards .
412
Swine Pens
26
Lunch Rooms and Cars .
525
Theatres
142
Milk and Cream Plants .
156
Vacant Lots
62
Pedlers Wagons and Stock
2449
Yards and Cellars
279
5114
Fish Markets .
586
Articles Condemned.
Owing to market conditions dealers have been obliged to purchase very conservatively and, therefore, no large surplus has been carried by any dealer.
234
ANNUAL REPORTS.
The following is a list of the articles condemned.
Fish.
Clams
1 Bush.
Finnan Haddie
12 Lbs.
Haddock
125 Lbs.
Halibut
24 Lbs.
Lobsters
19 Lbs.
Mackerel
39 Lbs.
Salmon .
. 24 Lbs.
Apples
3 Bush.
Bananas
15 Doz.
Blackberries
3 Qts.
Blueberries
12 Qts.
Canteloupes
14 Crates
Grape Fruit
1612 Boxes
Grapes .
12 Baskets
Lemons
2 Boxes
Oranges
5 Boxes
Raspberries
16 Cups
Strawberries
· 92 Qts.
Meats.
Beef (corned)
367 Lbs. ·
Beef (fresh) .
113 Lbs.
Fowl
.
465 Lbs.
Lamb
.
438 Lbs.
Liver
53 Lbs.
Pork (fresh)
12 Lbs.
Sausages
25 Lbs.
Shoulder (Corned)
14 Lbs.
Veal
152 Lbs.
Veal (whole)
114
Vegetables.
Asparagus
.
82 Bunches ·
Beans (string)
8 Bush.
Beans (string)
5 Baskets
Beans (string)
3 Crates
Beets
3 Bush. .
Carrots
1/2 Bush.
Cauliflower
2 Boxes
Celery
1 Box .
Greens
7 Bush.
Lettuce
4 Bush.
Lettuce
4 Boxes
Lettuce
2 Doz.
Parsnips
1 Box
Potatoes (white)
13 Bush.
Potatoes (white)
3 Baskets
Potatoes (white)
4 Bags
Potatoes (sweet)
1 Basket
Squash
6 Bbl.
Tomatoes
5 Bush.
Turnips
10 Bush.
.
.
Fruit.
.
.
.
·
.
.
.
.
.
235
HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
Slaughter Houses.
During the year weekly inspections have been made at all slaughtering establishments and these plants were never in a more sanitary condition than at present.
The number of animals slaughtered during 1920 in this city . was somewhat less than during previous years.
Number of Animals Slaughtered in 1920.
Swine
898,723
Sheep
262,752
Calves
97,110
Cattle
31,555
1,290,140
Examination of Animals for Contagious Diseases.
Glanders.
There has been a steady decrease of glanders in this city for several years which I believe is largely due to a thorough inspection and disinfection of stables and blacksmith shops, and to the discontinuance of public drinking fountains for horses. Every stable and blacksmith shop in the city is in first class condition.
In 1913 there were 55 horses killed for glanders; in 1914 thirty ; in 1915 ten ; in 1916 thirteen ; but eight of these were in one stable; in 1917 nine; in 1918 seven ; in 1919 only three were killed and in 1920 not a case of glanders was reported, thus showing a very marked decrease in the disease.
Animals Examined.
Inspected
Quaran- tined
Killed
Released
Horses
2092
0
0
0
Swine
309
0
0
0
Cows
10
0
0
0
Goats
8
0
0
0
Dogs
2
2
0
2
2421
2
0
2
Respectfully submitted,
CHARLES M. BERRY, Inspector of Animals and Provisions.
236
ANNUAL REPORTS.
REPORT OF THE INSPECTOR OF MILK AND VINEGAR. Chemical and Bacteriological Laboratory, City Hall Annex
Somerville, Mass., January 1, 1921.
To the Board of Health,
Somerville, Mass.
Gentlemen :-
I herewith present my annual report for the year ending December 31, 1920.
On the above date there were in this city licensed to sell milk, 490 stores and 50 dealers, and 145 stores to sell oleomar- garine.
Of the 50 dealers 22 are located in this city and 28 in the neighboring cities and towns, and 3 dealers have discontinued business.
There are approximately 28,000 quarts of milk and 2100 quarts of cream distributed in Somerville daily, and 16 dealers are pasteurizing their milk according to Revised Laws Chapter 259, Acts 1917.
Three dealers discontinued business, 3 new dealers (dis- tributors) applied for a license and there are 6 dealers who handle cream exclusively.
Table 1.
Months.
Licenses
Issued.
License
Fees.
Fees.
Cash Paid
City Treas.
Analyses
on Account.
Income for
January
19
9.50
9.50
12.00
21.50
February
9
4.50
4.50'
2.00
6.50
March
13
6.50
3.00
9.50
18.50
28.00
April
12
6.00
1.50
7.50
53.50
61.00
May
394
197.00
2.00
199.00
40.50
239.50
June
125
62.50
9.00
71.50
71.50
July
19
9.50
1.50
11.00
17.50
28.50
August
12
6.00
11.00
17.00
27.50
44.50
September
12
6.00
13.50
19.50
23.00
42.50
October ..
29
14.50
1.50
16.00
22.00
38.00
November
28
14.00
14.00
6.00
20.00
December
13
6.50
6.50
22.50
29.00
Total
685
342.50
43.00
385.50
245.00
630.50
Income from license fees, analytical work, etc.
Witness fees returned to City Treasurer .
Fines in Somerville Court .
355 00
Total income for department .
1007 30
·Total
Dept.
-
Analytical
$630 50
21 80
237
HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
Table 2. Samples of Milk, Cream, Ice Cream and Vinegar Examined.
Months.
Chemical
Samples
Collected.
Bact.
Collections.
Lorenz
Tests.
Total
Collections.
Samples
left at
Office.
Total
Examina-
tions.
January
100
80
16
196
22
218
February
155
43
71
269
4
273
March
212
33
35
280
36
316
April
224
180
38
442
107
549
May
210
46
64
320
75
395
June
271
37
51
359
18
377
July.
200
42
48
290
34
324
August
134
36
36
206
72
278
September
262
135
37
434
70
504
October
217
35
40
292
37
329
November
244
40
44
328
12
340
December
230
58
38
326
40
366
Total
2459
765
518
3742
527
4269
Table 3.
Months.
Chemical
Notices.
Bact.
Notices.
Sanitary Notices.
Temperature
Notices.
Total
Notices.
Inspections.
January
2
17
19
21
February
8
4
3
15
19
March
6
2
3
11
8
April
11
7
1
4
19
11
May
19
12
9
22
44
23
June
23
5
4
6
54
16
July
12
7
11
8
36
40
August
26
12
8
54
28
September.
12
12
7
31
16
October
7
8
.
2
17
25
November
2
3
6
11
10
December
7
23
4
34
30
Total
135
95
75
40
345
247
1
The above is a summary of the Laboratory Work during 1920.
238
ANNUAL REPORTS.
Each month during the year pint samples have been taken from every milk dealer and analyzed for food value (fats and solids) and cleanliness (bacterial count and sediment) and the yearly average is shown in the alphabetical list of dealers which follows :
Bacteria Per C. C. Butter Fat Total Solids Maximum
Legal Standard Standard
Legal 12.00%
Allowed Raw 500,000 Past. 100,000
Past. or Raw
A. H. Andrews
3.69
12.21
84,200
Past.
Brandon Farms Milk Co.
3.70
12.26
415,000
Past.
John H. Bergman
3.68
12.37
330,000
Raw
H. E. Bemis
3.77
12.37
175,000
Past.
E. E. Breen
3.60
12.16
122,000
Past.
F. S. Cummings Co.
3.72
12.34
122,000
Past.
*John H. Dillon
3.64
12.16
79,000
Raw
F. C. Edgerly
3.67
12.23
237,000
Raw
*A. F. P. Gassett
3.56
12.04
298,000
Raw
J. E. & H. J. Giroux
3.71
12.27
75,000
Raw
*B. J. Griffin
3.66
12.19
447,000
Raw
J. P. Griffin
3.73
12.28
354,000
Raw
F. E. Giles
3.84
\12.15
42,000
Past.
*J. M. Hager
3.75
12.29
170,000
Past.
M. B. Harris
3.65
12.13
375,000
Raw
H. P. Hood & Sons
3.64
12.18
48,000
Past.
Kendall Brothers
3.69
12.24
161,000
Raw
J. J. Mulkerin
3.60
12.22
300,000
Raw
*E. M. Monahan
4.07
12.60
287,000
Raw
*Maple Farm Milk Co.
3.76
12.36
191,000
Past.
W. F. Noble
4.14
12.84
36,000
Past.
P. O'Shaughnessy
3.69
12.23
329,000
Raw
*H. A. Prescott
3.68
12.24
181,000
Past
S. E. Paige
3.69
12.21
162,000
Raw
*Thomas Ronayne
3.86
12.35
257,000
Raw
M. P. Shattuck
3.65
12.09
171;000
Raw
*H. L. Stone
3.64
12.12
188,000
Past.
Seven Oaks Dairy Co.
3.85
12.43
143,000
Raw
*Swenson Brothers
3.85
12.42
215,000
Raw
Toothaker Brothers
3.85
12.47
102,000
Past.
*F. P. Thompson & Son
3.75
12.24
284,000
Raw
Turner Centre Cr. Co.
4.11
12.84
59,000
Past.
*A. S. Tyler
3.69
12.18
144,000
Raw
*E. L. Tyler
3.53
11.97
336,000
Raw
D. Whiting
3.79
12.43
166,000
Past.
J. K. Whiting
3.77
12.37
189,000
Past.
C. A. Woodbury
3.68
12.25
110,000
Raw
Walker-Gordon
4.40
13.22
24,000
Raw
Name of Dealer
3.35%
* Found guilty of violation of milk laws.
The higher the fat and solids the greater the food value. The lower the bacterial count, the greater care in production, better handling or more efficient pasteurization is shown. The analysis of special grades of milk supplied on request.
233
HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
Court.
In addition to the distributors fined, Carl H. Morgan, 2-4 College Avenue, West Somerville, Manuel C. Rogers, 7 Union Square, Somerville, Herbert C. Woodward, 1297 Broadway, Somerville, conducting lunch rooms, were also found guilty.
Summary of Court Cases.
Watered milk
4
Not of good standard quality .
18
Foreign substance
4
Total
26
Court cases in Somerville
23
Court cases in Framingham
1
Court cases in Concord
1
Court cases in Lowell
1
Total
26
Fines imposed and paid .
$455.00
In General.
By comparing the average standing of the various dealers: with last year's list, it will be seen that there has been con- siderable improvement in both average food value and bac- teriological content.
Constant supervision, sampling and notifying, more effi- cient pasteurization and refrigeration with an energetic prose- cution of all cases of violation, whether intentional or acciden· tal, I believe is responsible for this improvement.
During 1920 it became necessary to inspect creameries in Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont as the nearby supply of milk failed and distributors were forced to purchase from creameries at a distance.
Creameries are run on a co-operative plan. The farmers. in a district forming a creamery association, sending their milk to the plant where it is mixed with the milk produced at other farms in that district and shipped as whole milk to various points in New England. The surplus is utilized for butter and cheese and some skimmed milk is sold back to the farmers for stock feeding. This method has proven very satisfactory in some places.
Where the milk can be delivered promptly at the cream- ery it. usually receives better care than it would at the individ- ual farms, but constant supervision is necessary as routine work becomes irksome and carelessness often results, which can be promptly corrected if an inspector appears at unex- ected intervals.
240
ANNUAL REPORTS.
During September it was found that farmers were sending milk to Somerville dealers that was below the legal standard for fat and solids (food value) so the collector was sent into the country to take samples from the individual dairymen. Samples were taken from over 150 farms and over 50 percent of the samples were found to be below the Massachusetts stand- ard. The fact that a special law provides that, "Producers may not be prosecuted for low standard milk until two low samples have been found and that twenty days must elapse before the second sample can be taken," prevented prosecutions in these cases, but the fact that only two producers were found with low standard milk on a second visit speaks for itself. On the first visit two farmers were found to be watering milk. These cases were prosecuted, one in Concord, Mass., and one in Low- ell, Mass., and in each case they were found guilty and paid a fifty dollar fine. On the second visit to these farms no adul- terated milk was found.
Infant Mortality.
For the past ten years a table has appeared in this report showing the steady decrease in infant mortality, i.e., deaths of babies under one year of age from enteric diseases. In the fu- ture this subject will be treated in the section devoted to the Public Health Nurses' report.
Respectfully submitted, HERBERT E. BOWMAN, Inspector of Milk and Vinegar.
241
SUPPORT OF POOR DEPARTMENT.
SUPPORT OF POOR DEPARTMENT.
Board of Overseers of the Poor.
FRED E. DURGIN, President. MICHAEL COLL, Vice-President. HENRY F. CURTIS, M. D.
Committees. On Finance, Investigation and Relief, and City Home MR. DURGIN, MR. COLL AND DR. CURTIS.
Clerks.
.JOSEPHINE M. SANDER
CORA F. LEWIS
General Agent. WILLIAM E. COPITHORNE.
City Physician. C. CLARKE TOWLE, M. D.
Warden and Matron, City Home. MR. AND MRS. J. FOSTER COLQUHOUN.
Office. City Hall Annex, Highland Avenue.
242
ANNUAL REPORTS ..
Somerville, Mass., December 31, 1920.
To His Honor, the Mayor, and the Board of Aldermen of the- City of Somerville :-
Gentlemen :- The Overseers of the Poor submit herewith. reports of the General Agent, the Warden of the City Home- and the City Physician, with tables showing the work. Respectfully submitted,
FRED E. DURGIN, MICHAEL COLL,
HENRY F. CURTIS,
Overseers: of the Poor ..
243
"SUPPORT OF POOR DEPARTMENT.
REPORT OF GENERAL AGENT.
City Hall Annex, January 1, 1921.
To the Overseers of the Poor, Somerville, Mass. :-
Gentlemen :- The following as the report of the general agent for the year ending December 31, 1920, is herewith sub- mitted :
Table No. 1.
FULL SUPPORT (During the year).
In City Home (men 32, women 42) 74 . .
In City Home, December 31, 1920 .
.
40
In private families 17 .
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