USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > Somerville > Report of the city of Somerville 1923 > Part 8
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The number of animals slaughtered during 1923 in this city was greater than during previous years.
Number of Animals Slaughtered in 1923
Swine
1,046,238
Sheep
329,912
Calves
72,805
Cattle
34,032
$1,482,987
Examination of Animals for Contagious Diseases
During the last year the city was entirely free from con- tagious diseases in animals, except three cases of rabies.
Animals Examined
Inspected
Quaran- tined
Killed
Released
Horses
1993
0
0
0
Cows
5
0
0
0
Goats
14
0
0
0
Dogs
26
26
3
23
2,038
26
3
23
.
.
.
.
Respectfully submitted,
CHARLES M. BERRY,
Inspector of Animals and Provisions.
143
HEALTH DEPARTMENT
REPORT OF THE INSPECTOR OF MILK AND VINEGAR
Chemical and Bacteriological Laboratory, City Hall Annex, Somerville, Mass. January 1, 1924.
To the Board of Health, Somerville, Mass.'
Gentlemen :-
I herewith present my annual report for the year ending December 31, 1923.
On the above date there were licensed to sell milk, 700 · stores and 55 dealers; and 113 stores were registered to sell oleomargarine an increase over the previous year of 11 stores selling milk and 13 dealers handling oleomargarine. 19 dealers who were distributing milk either discontinued busi- ness or ownership was transferred.
Of the 55 dealers handling milk and cream, 26 were lo- cated in Somerville and 29 were located in neighboring cities. 47 dealers are pasteurizing according to the General Laws, 6 dealers sell cream exclusively, and 2 dealers handle only raw milk. There are approximately 36.000 quarts of milk and 2500 quarts of cream distributed in Somerville daily.
The following tables 1, 2, 3, are a summary of the work of the department for the year.
Table 1.
Months.
License
Applications
License
Fees.
Analytical
Fees.
Cash Paid
City Treas.
Analyses
Total
Dept.
January
13
6.50
.50
7.00
5.00
12.00
February
9
4.50
4.50
12.00
16.50
March
12
6.00
2.50
8.50
9.00
17.50
April
24
12.00
12.00
29.50
41.50
May
531
265.50
1.50
267.00
64.00
331.00
June
145
72.50
¥71.50
54.50
126.00
July
38
19.00
19.00
29.00
48.00
August
32
16.00
16.00
19.00
35.00
September
17
1
8.50
8.50
164.00
172.50
October ..
21
10.50
10.50
157.00
167.50
November
14
7.00
1.00
8.00
164.50
172.50
December
15
7.50
5.00
12.50
169.50
182.00
Total
871
435.50
10.50
445.00
877.00
1322.00
on Account.
Income for
#Rebate 2 applications refused $1.00.
144
ANNUAL REPORTS
Table 2 Samples of Milk, Cream, Ice Cream and Vinegar Examined.
Months.
Chemical
Samples
Collected.
Bact.
Collections.
Lorenz
Tests.
Total
Collections.
Samples
Submitted
Total
Examina-
tions.
January
184
85
85
354
co
363
February
174
52
54
280
24
304
March
229
54
54
337
14
351
April
255
44
44
343
52
395
May
269
45
45
359
128
487
June
280
51
50
381
109
490
July.
258
47
49
354
58
412
August
171
16
40
227
38
265
September
197
58
58
313
267
580
October
263
42
42
347
324
671
November
151
39
39
229
329
558
December
112
13
13
138
339
477
Total.
2543
546
573
3662
1691
5353
Table 3.
Months.
Chemical
Notices.
Bact.
Notices.
Sanitary
Notices.
Notices.
Notices.
Inspections.
January
8
13
2
2
25
39
February
7
9
23
62
March
13
12
10
30
41
April
9
23
5
32
51
May
15
5
21
19
June
17
00
1
27
42
July
29
00
2
2
43
72
August
17
4
4
4
31
70
September
11
8
00
24
40
October
7
8
5
17
49
November
3
A
50
December
3
3
35
Total
133
101
38
00
280
570
Temperature
Total
12
145
HEALTH DEPARTMENT
Each month during the year pint samples have been taken from every milk dealer and analyzed for food value (fats and solids) and cleanliness (bacterial count and sediment) and the yearly average is shown in the alphabetical list of dealers which follows :
The higher the fat and solids the greater the food value. The lower the bacterial count, the greater care in production, better handling or more efficient pasteurization is shown.
Regular Market Milks
Name of Dealer
Butter Fat Legal Standard 3.35 p.c.
Total Solids Legal Standard 12.00 p.c.
Per C. C. Maximum Allowed Raw 500,000 Past. 100,000
Heated or Raw
S. D. Allen
3.72
12.32
88,000
Past.
Andrews Milk Co.
3 54
12.10
81,600
Past.
H. E. Bemis
3.67
12.25
57,300
Past.
J. A. Bergman
4.00
12.49
54,000
Past.
E. E. Breen
3.53
12.09
124,400
Past.
Brown & Conant
3.52
12.06
145,300
Past.
F. S. Cummings Co.
3.73
12.24
72,200
Past.
J. T. Connor Co.
4.10
12.85
152,000
Past.
L. M. Dolloff
3.97
12.71
120,000
Past.
F. C. Edgerly
3.75
12.34
201,300
Past.
F. E. Giles Dairy
3.64
12.24
102,400
Past.
J. E. & H. J. Giroux
3.69
12.24
186,300
Past.
B. J. Griffin
3.50
12.01
149,900
Past.
J. P. Griffin
3.53
12.04
122,000
Past.
J. M. Hager & Son, Inc.
3.74
12.42
173,600
Past.
M. B. Harris
3.58
12.14
228,500
Past.
H. P. Hood & Sons
3.84
12.37
36,000
Past.
Herlihy Brothers
3.89
12.49
181,200
Past.
Kendall Brothers
3.60
12.14
93,500
Past.
Maple Farm Milk
Co.
3.69
12.27
109,000
Past.
E. M. Monahan
3.64
12 23
66,400
Past.
W. F. Noble & Sons Co.
3.96
12.64
67,100
Past.
S. E. Paige
3.59
12.22
30,000
Past.
T. F. Ronayne
3.53
12.04
124,000
Past.
S. J. Scott
3.47
12.09
46,600
Past.
Seven Oaks Dairy Co.
3.82
12.45
64,600
Past.
H. L. Stone
3.65
12.27
38,500
Past.
W. E. Stuart
3.84
12.55
45,000
Past.
Swenson Brothers
3.82
12.54
17,100
Past.
G. E. Thompson
3.52
12.03
90,100
Past:
Turner Centre
System
3.87
12.57
85,500
Past.
A. S. Tyler
3.51
12.09
100,600
Past.
Whiting Milk Co.
3.71
12.38
133,300
Past.
C. A. Woodbury
3.68
12.42
53,800
Past.
C. L. Woodland
3.59
12.16
92,000
Past.
146
ANNUAL REPORTS.
Special Priced Milks
Milk commanding an increased price due to special care in production or greater food value.
Dealer
Butter Fat Total Solids
Bacteria
F. S. Cummings Co ....
5.19
14.66
125,700
Mixter Farm
F. S. Cummings Co ....
3.76
12.28
110,300
Baby
F. S. Cummings Co ...
3.82
12.39
74,300
Grade A.
F. S. Cummings Co ...
3.75
12.53
50,400
Codman Farm
J. M. Hager & Son ....
4.09
12.95
36,700
Grade A.
H. P. Hood & Sons ....
4.26
13.16
10,600
Hood Farm
H. P. Hood & Sons ..
4.13
13.16
10,900
Bonnie Brook
H. P. Hood & Sons ...
4.06
12.65
47,700
Grade A.
H. P. Hood & Sons ....
4.26
13.33
11,400
Cherry Hill
Herlihy Brothers. ....
4.06
12.59
166,000
Grade A.
W. F. Noble & Sons
4.72
14.29
5,700
Blossom Hill
W. F. Noble & Sons
4.13
12.87
41,500
Grade A.
Seven Oaks Dairy Co.
4.02
12.64
83,100
Grade A.
Seven Oaks Dairy Co.
3.84
12.39
24.700
Special
W. E. Stuart ..
3.91
12.62
52,200
Grade A.
Whiting Milk Co
3.88
12.65
6,100
Hampshire Hills
Whiting Milk Co.
4.27
12.69
46,200
Grade A.
"Pasteurized Milk" is defined by the General Laws as follows :
Natural cows milk not more than 72 hours old, when past- eurized, subjected for a period of not less than thirty minutes to a temperature of not less than one hundred and forty nor more than one hundred and forty-five degrees Fahrenheit and immediately thereafter cooled to a temperature of fifty degrees Fahrenheit or lower.
"Grade A. Massachusetts Milk" is defined as follows :
"Grade A. Massachusetts Milk" shall consist exclusively of milk produced within the Commonwealth from healthy cows under cleanly and sanitary conditions, and so cooled and cared for that in its raw state the bacterial count shall not average more than 100,000 per c. c., upon examination of five samples taken one each day, and each from a different lot of milk, on five consecutive days ; when sold, kept or offered for sale or exchanges, such milk shall be designated and marked by a label, cap or tag bearing the words "Grade A. Massa- chusetts Milk" in plain legible bold faced type. The percent- age of milk fat may also be stated upon said label, cap or tag, but the amount of milk fat shall never be less than the stand- ard fixed for milk.
Many special milks are sold by various dealers who claim superior quality for their goods. At the present time this department exercises no greater supervision over the "special
147
HEALTH DEPARTMENT
milks" than is accorded the regular "market milk" with the exception of the "Grade A. Massachusetts Milk." One dealer handles this grade exclusively.
During 1923 license and analytical fees totaled $1322.00 an increase over the previous year of $598.00. During 1922 there were 4456 analyses of milk, vinegar, cream and ice cream. During 1923 there were 5353 analyses of these products an increase over the previous year of 897.
Prosecutions were confined to milk found to be adulter- ated, and two dealers were refused a permit to sell milk in Somerville, as they could not comply with the milk regula- tions of the city.
On January 1, 1923 the following regulation became oper- ative :--
"No person shall in the city of Somerville sell, exchange or deliver or have in his custody or possession with intent to sell, exchange or deliver milk brought into said city unless the cows from which said milk was produced, or, in case said cows are in a herd of cattle, all the cattle of such herd have been tested within six months prior thereto by the tuberculin test as established under the laws of Massachusetts and have been certified not to react to the tuberculin injection and to be otherwise healthy. This regulation shall not apply to past- eurized milk. This regulation shall take effect January 1. 1923.
Whoever violates the foregoing regulation shall forfeit not more than one hundred dollars."
Since January 1. 1923 with the exception of two producers who sell milk from cattle certified by the Department of Ani- mal Industry as free from tuberculosis, three dealers who buy milk from accredited dairies, and the certified milks, all the milk sold in Somerville is pasteurized.
It is the aim of this department to make any and all milks sold in this city safe and wholesome for all.
Recommendations
1. Each year it becomes more important that processing plants, creameries and in many instances dairies, should re- ceive constant supervision ; and I suggest that provision be made for an inspector who could give his entire time to this work.
2. It is also desirable that some means be provided to control at all times the conditions under which milk is pasteur- ized; and I suggest the need of legislative action to provide
148
ANNUAL REPORTS.
for the registration of operators of pasteurizing machines or to provide inspectors for all pasteurizing plants similar to the manner by which slaughtering establishments are now supervised.
3. At the present time "special milks" are not guaran- teed by health authorities.
I believe the present law should be changed so that a dealer wishing to sell a special milk at an increase in price for the reason that it has greater food value or is produced under more sanitary conditions, shall be required to apply to the Milk Department in the district where same is to be sold, for a permit to sell such milk under definite standards defined by that department.
The milk department of Somerville desires to express its appreciation of the co-operative spirit shown and courtesies extended by the co-workers in the Health Department, and the many departments of this city with whom contact is necessary in carrying on the work of milk inspection.
Respectfully submitted,
HERBERT E. BOWMAN, Inspector of Milk and Vinegar.
1
.
149
PUBLIC LIBRARY
PUBLIC LIBRARY
BOARD OF TRUSTEES
THOMAS M. DURELL, M. D., President, 1925 J. FRANK WELLINGTON, Vice-President, 1926 FREDERICK W. PARKER, 1924 (deceased )
DAVID H. FULTON, 1924
LEON M. CONWELL, 1924
WILLIAM L. BARBER, 1925
FRANK M. BARNARD, 1926
ALBERT L. HASKELL, 1925
HERBERT E. BUFFUM, M. D., 1926 GILES W. BRYANT, M. D., 1924
COMMITTEES
On Administration .. The President, Messrs. Wellington, Parker, Conwell, Buffum, Haskell, and Fulton
On Books and Cataloguing The President, Messrs. Barber, Buffum, Bryant, and Barnard
On Buildings and Property The President and the Vice-President
Secretary of the Board GEORGE H. EVANS
150
ANNUAL REPORTS.
ORGANIZATION OF LIBRARY AND STAFF PERSONNEL GEORGE H. EVANS, Librarian NELLIE M. WHIPPLE, Assistant Librarian VIVIAN J. MORSE, Executive Assistant
CENTRAL LIBRARY AND LIBRARIAN'S OFFICE Highland Avenue and Walnut Street
GRADED SERVICE Department Heads and Special Positions
CORA B. EAMES. Reference Librarian and Second Assistant
GLADYS B. HASTINGS. Supervisor of Children's Work
NELLY CUMMING, Chief Cataloguer
MARY S. WOODMAN, Reviewer and Classifier
MYRTLE NICHOLSON, Supervisor of Periodicals and Binding MARION J. MESERVE, School Librarian Reference Assistant
Desk Chief
Assistant Cataloguer
-
Senior Assistants
MILDRED A. BOWLEY, Circulation Department LORNA W. SMITH. Circulation Department CORINNE MEAD, Circulation Department GRACE N. SMITH, Circulation Department ALICE W. HAMILTON, Children's Room
Junior Assistants
Circulation Department Children's Room
Ungraded Service
GWENDOLYN DUNN, Page HAZEL M. WYTHE, Page
Attendants on Part Time
WILMOT W. JONES RALPH H. HATFIELD
EWING SPERING HENRY WILLIAMSON MARION A. GROUT
151
PUBLIC LIBRARY
WEST SOMERVILLE BRANCH Established 1909 40 College Avenue
Graded Service
ESTHER M. MAYHEW, Branch Librarian First Assistant DOROTHY H. TERRY, Children's Librarian
Senior Assistant
ELEANOR M. DEAN, Circulation Department
Junior Assistant
E. MARION AKERLEY, Circulation Department
UNGRADED SERVICE Attendants on Part Time
MARSTON C. SARGENT
RICHARD J. WALSH
MILDRED MOSES HELEN C. LOWE
BEATRICE M. KENNY
EAST SOMERVILLE BRANCH
Established 1912 Broadway and Illinois Avenue
GRADED SERVICE
MABEL E. BUNKER, Acting Branch Librarian First Assistant EDNA L. HARTWELL, Children's Librarian
Senior Assistants
HELEN W. FARRAR, Circulation Department DOROTHY C. EMERSON, Circulation Department
UNGRADED SERVICE Attendants on Part Time
GERTRUDE MCGLINCHY UNA HUNNEWELL
HESTER F. SMITH
DOROTHY NEWMAN
152
ANNUAL REPORTS.
UNION SQUARE BRANCH Established 1912 Washington Street and Bonner Avenue
GRADED SERVICE
ALICE G. WORTHEN, Branch Librarian First Assistant KATHERINE I. EATON, Children's Librarian
Junior Assistant
ELSIE L. KNOX, Circulation Department
UNGRADED SERVICE
Attendants on Part Time
DOROTHY A. JONES
FANNY SPIVACK
EMMA J. MOGLONE
MIRIAM P. BROWN
CHARLES KELLEY
EWARD KELLEY
MEMBERS OF THE TRAINING CLASS
C. EVELYN BAMFORD MIRIAM G. HOWARD MARGARET WENTWORTH
ELSIE UMPLEBY
NOTE: For changes in staff personnel during year see Librarian's Report.
153
PUBLIC LIBRARY
Report of the Trustees
To the Honorable, the Mayor, and the Board of Aldermen of the City of Somerville :
Gentlemen : The fifty-first annual report of the trustees of the public library is herewith respectfully submitted ; being the report of the librarian and tables of statistics of opera- tion.
Very respectfully, The Board of Trustees, by THOMAS M. DURELL, President.
154
ANNUAL REPORTS.
REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN
Gentlemen of the Board of Trustees :
The fifty-first annual report of the Somerville Public Library, being that for the year 1923, is herewith submitted.
It is fitting that we should chronicle with profound re- gret the deaths of two former members of the Board. Fred- erick W. Parker died in March. He had served continuously since 1901, with an almost unbroken record of attendance. An appropriate expression of appreciation of his services has been inscribed in the records of the Trustees. The death in Japan of Dr. Charles L. Noyes, who so short a time before had resigned from the Board, recalls the valuable contribu- tions of a mind gifted with an unusual combination of intel- lectual accomplishments and executive ability.
A perusal of the statistics of operation for the year, appended to this report, does not reveal any feature of out- standing significance, with one notable exception. The amount of money available for book purchase is barely suffi- cient to replace the normal wear and tear of use, and does not provide for any growth. To illustrate the sharp advance in costs it may be noted that the ordinary book of fiction which we used to buy for ninety-five cents now costs us $1.90 or more. For books of a more serious nature, and of more permanent usefulness, prices now ordinarily range from $4. to $7.50. It is easy to understand, therefore, that an appro- priation for book purchase which a few years ago would have been ample for a healthy growth will now barely maintain our collection at or near its present level. The many Somer- ville people who are interested in music will be glad to learn that renewal of the appropriation for the purchase of musical scores has enabled us this year to add some representative modern productions to our collection.
We record with grateful appreciation the gift of one hundred and forty-three volumes of standard works, many of them in beautiful special bindings, from Mrs. Charles Williams, Jr., of 1 Arlington Street, Somerville. From the same source the library has also received three hundred and sixty-one photographic reproductions of the works of great artists, which have been added to our picture collection.
The week of November 11 to 17 was nationally observed as children's book-week. During that period the Children's department carried on an exhibition of children's books con- spicuous for excellence in various particulars. Parents and
155
PUBLIC LIBRARY
friends interested in building up home libraries for children, or in making gifts of permanent value have thereby had an opportunity for a leisurely examination of the best of the present day production. The children's room at the Central library maintains constantly changing exhibits of great variety. It gives us pleasure to extend grateful acknowledg- ments to the Children's Museum of Boston for the loan of exhibit material. We also note with appreciation the court- esy of the Boston Museum of Fine Arts in arranging for a free excursion for our children to view its treasures.
Those engaged in public service activities frequently find it difficult to discover what measure of interest, if any, the public takes in any particular attempt at service. People gen- erally make use of what is offered and say very little about it. But if the service is withdrawn some word of regret or protest is likely to be heard. Such has been the case with the informal column published on the inside cover of our Bulletin, known as The Reader's Mentor. This was begun as a modest experi- ment to bring before our readers in an informal way some of the resources of the library. It was accepted without com- ment, and a similar absence of comment was presumed when circumstances dictated its suspension. But a surprising number of inquires and expressions of interest ensued. We are therefore glad to have been able to resume its publication in the October number of the Bulletin.
When the new Central library building was turned over to the Trustees for occupancy in 1914 it was deemed wise to defer the interior finish and decoration until the building should have become thoroughly dried and settled. Ten years have now elapsed and the walls have not only become stained and dingy, but, lacking surface protection, have begun to de- teriorate. The Trustees have therefore urgently recom- mended that the city now give its earnest attention to the need of cleaning and finishing the interior. Thereby not only will the attractiveness of the most beautiful and distinctive building of our city be enhanced, but the disintegration of in- terior surfaces now in rapid progress will be arrested, and a much greater eventual expenditure averted. Repairs to the roof by the Public Buildings department during the past sum- mer was a necessary preliminary, and has checked the seeping of dampness through the walls. The Trustees have also re- quested that attention be given to the outside woodwork of the West Somerville branch, for several years badly in need of painting. Union Square branch has been granted a long- needed improvement by the laying of linoleum in the large and always thronged children's room. Warmth, quiet and
156
ANNUAL REPORTS.
orderliness will be promoted thereby. During recent months while alterations of City Hall have been in progress the Cen- tral library has been glad to give shelter in its lower stack to the records of the various city departments.
Changes in the personnel of the staff during the year have been as follows :
Appointments to the graded service: Dorothy C. Emer- son, Grace N. Smith, Lorna W. Smith, Corinne Mead, senior assistants at Central; Beryl I. Bartlett, reference assistant on part time at Central; Helen W. Farrar, senior assistant at East; E. Marion Akerley, junior assistant at West; Elsie L. Knox and Alice D. Williams, junior assistants at Central ; Helen M. Willard, junior assistant, and Margaret E. Soar, page, temporarily employed at Central; and Marion E. Decker, junior assistant, temporarily employed at West.
Appointments to the ungraded service : Gwendolyn Dunn and Hazel M. Wythe, pages in the Catalogue department.
The library has received the resignations of Dorothy B. Spear, branch librarian at East; Ruth G. Markle, first assis- tant at East; Orpha B. Matheson, reference assistant at Cen- tral ; Marguerite Kelly Lane, first assistant at Union; Muriel Stowell and Irma Traphagen, senior assistants at West; Jean P. Hennessy and Alice D. Williams, junior assistants at Cen- tral; and Lillian Gould, Ruth Hayes, Louise Joyce, Leola Strout from the ungraded service.
The following promotions have been made in regular course under the provisions of the Scheme of Service: Mabel E. Bunker to acting branch librarian of the East Branch; Marion J. Meserve to school librarian; Edna L. Hartwell to children's librarian at East; Mildred A. Bowley, Alice W. Hamilton and Irma Traphagen to the second grade.
The training Class began its work as usual on the first Monday of October with a membership of four, namely, C. Evelyn Bamford, Miriam G. Howard, Elsie G. Umpleby, and Margaret Wentworth.
Eleven of our assistants took the course in American Literature offered last winter under the auspices of the Boston Public Library to library employees of this vicinity. The inspiring leadership of Prof. Rogers of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has made the work profitable both to individuals and to the library service. Ten of our staff are now carrying on similar courses which began in October. The course is also a part of the required work of the Training Class.
The prevailing spirit of harmony and goodwill among the staff, and their loyal endeavor to produce a public service
157
PUBLIC LIBRARY
of efficiency and courtesy is one of the rewards humbly and thankfully acknowledged by those upon whom the responsi- bilities sometimes press heavily.
On October 15 it became necessary to curtail the open hours of the branch buildings. Previously open every even- ing until nine, they have since that date been closed for the day at six o'clock on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Fridays. There is nothing surprising nor unexpected in this action. It had been clearly foreseen and its approach noted. The reasons are clear. For a considerable period the library had been running on an irreducible minimum of staff. Coinci- dent with the usual heavy increase of work in the fall months came three resignations and several cases of illness. When the remainder of the staff reached the limit of their endurance of overtime work the schedule broke down. Analysis of the changes in staff based upon experience records of individuals shows that of the twelve people who left the service during 1923 six were experienced grade assistants capable of carrying on work without supervision and of being placed in charge of rooms or buildings. They were replaced by inexperienced beginners whose work is done under supervision and who are not yet ready to be in independent charge of rooms or buildings. This means, of course, weakness as well as short- age. It is the intention of the administration to resume the service to which the public has been accustomed as soon as the requisite number of people can be secured, and the balance of experience restored.
The return to such service will be governed by three de- termining factors: The first factor is the existing country- wide shortage of trained librarians which has induced a con- dition of more positions than people to fill them, with result- ing competitive bidding. The second factor is the possibility of securing a sufficient adjustment of salaries to maintain a reasonable standing among libraries of our own class and thereby check the steady procession of our promising young assistants to other institutions. The third factor is the need of mature and experienced librarians in positions calling for executive capacity, seasoned judgment, and quickly available, well-balanced knowledge of the work and of the library's re- sources. Librarians who can satisfy these requirements can- not be developed in a year or two. They are the product of a long course of evolution and elimination.
Statistics of operation for 1923 are appended as a part of this report.
Respectfully submitted, GEORGE H. EVANS, Librarian.
The Public Library of the City of Somerville APPENDIX A Statistics of Use and Growth Circulation
Central 116,835
West 79,101
East 45,138
Union 35,654
Schools 1,496
278,224
Volumes circulated, juvenile .
38,760
27,218
22,650
32,682
47,205
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