USA > Massachusetts > Essex County > Nahant > Some annals of Nahant, Massachusetts > Part 34
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These figures should impress those who want low tax rates to lure people to town. They should influence opinions on real estate development into small lots, some of which has been done and more attempted. It is just the difference between a poor town and a rich town. Nahant's four hun- dred acres, filled with three-flatters, ten to the acre, would give room for twelve thousand families, an increase to fifteen times the present eight hundred families. They could hardly be assessed for over $3,000 a family, or yield a tax of over $100 a family, while the present eight hundred families yield a tax of more than twice as much, and this with a considerable number giving half as much.
Look at the matter another way. The two-acre place occupied by a summer resident may be assessed for $20,000, yielding a tax of $650, and not use the schools at all. Suppose it were cut up into small lots and resulted in ten year-round
389
TAXES, VALUATIONS AND EXPENDITURES
houses assessed for a total of $100,000 and yielding $3,300 in taxes, - an addition of $2,700 or less. The ten houses would send, at present figures, eight children to school at an expense of nearly $900 as expenses now run. This leaves these houses carrying their town charges or nearly so. But if instead of ten houses twenty are built, averaging the same as for Castle Road, only $1,900 in taxes, at $93 each, would be turned in to the town, but sixteen school children, the average for twenty year-round houses now, would use all of this revenue. This leaves no chance for an increase in any other department.
The conclusion is that a town full of small houses is a poor town, and must economize as well as expect a mounting tax rate, and that if a little vacant lot is supplied with a house no one need gloat over the additional taxable property, for maybe the house contains a child or two and is paying under a hundred dollars taxes. Figures are subject to dispute as to where increases would come and how much. For that reason rather evident factors have been considered, leaving others by merely stating that they would increase and showing enough to cause a thought for these conclusions. Of course it would be foolish to claim that three hundred and one chil- dren in the schools would cost much more than three hun- dred. No argument here used depends upon such an as- sumption. But a continuing growth, however slight, each year, leads to figures to which these statements do apply. . Of course all of these figures, as related to those who pay a poll tax only, include taxes paid by the owner on rented property. A poll taxpayer uses property yielding taxes to the town, and he pays these taxes through his rent.
An analysis of the expenditures per inhabitant is interest- ing and likewise open to a discussion of how expenditures increase as population increases. In 1925 there were one hundred and fifty-four towns in Massachusetts with a census population of between one thousand and five thousand. Five of these towns had a revenue of over $100 per inhabitant, and four others were over $80. The average for all was
'390
SOME ANNALS OF NAHANT
around $40, with a dozen or so under $30. Nahant was among these high five. All of the high ones are towns with many summer residents, as Nahant has. This gives an in- crease in population not all counted in the census, paying high taxes, and not using the schools. The schools are almost invariably the largest expenditure in any town, and the one naturally running most closely proportional to the popula- tion. Thus the summer residents are a double municipal benefit, by not contributing to the expense of this depart- ment while heavily participating in its support. All but one of these eight towns had tax rates, in 1925, close to the Nahant tax rate. To take a look at them might be helpful in determining if the public service rendered by Nahant is what it should be in efficiency. The seven towns thus cited are Dover, Falmouth, Hull, Marion, Marshfield, Oak Bluffs and Scituate.
The income of various towns, of course, runs lowest for the smallest towns. In 1925 nine towns had a population under two hundred and an annual revenue under $15,000. Thirty-five towns have under four hundred population and under $25,000 revenue. Eighty-three towns with under $65,000 revenue had under one thousand residents. Out of two hundred and twenty towns of under four thousand popu- lation, ninety-seven were over fifteen hundred population, and their revenues varied between $100,000 and $200,000, with a half dozen exceptions.
Of the twenty towns nearest to Nahant in population, Nahant had, in 1925, the largest income, with Marshfield second, and with only six town incomes of over $100,000. Nahant's was $177,000. The average tax rate was $26.90, and eight were over $30, with Nahant at $31.
The twenty towns nearest to Nahant in valuation, running between four million and five million four hundred thousand, had an average tax rate in 1925 of $27.70. . There were eight over $31, with one at $38.
The twenty towns of over $135,000 revenue, and the small- est populations reaching up to this expenditure, had average
391
TAXES, VALUATIONS AND EXPENDITURES
revenues of $160,750, with a low of $135,000 and a high of $193,000. These towns averaged to spend 5 per cent of their revenues for protection to life and property, 15 per cent for highways, and 33 per cent for schools. Nahant spent, re- spectively, 19, 17 and 19 per cent. It is strange to Nahanters to note so many towns spending comparatively little for protection, meaning chiefly police and fire departments. Thirteen of these towns spent less than $10,000 for these factors. The other large Nahant expenditures, for schools and highways, run about the same as the average for the other towns in this class. The smaller appropriations are more variable and less vital to these figures. The water and health departments are next largest, and vary more widely among comparable towns. The water expenditure on Nahant is mostly counterbalanced by the income from charges for water. The Public Library expenditures are also too vari- able for comparisons, because so many of these are supported wholly or in part by gifts and other outside incomes. The Nahant Library has had about the average income for towns of similar valuations yielding the sole support of these institutions.
On the basis of efficiency the Public Library stands very high among Massachusetts libraries. The labor efficiency in town departments using most labor has been brought in question, unfortunately, by the labor itself. Two or three times motions in town meetings for committees to investigate efficiency have been defeated by the votes of the labor men. They have been emphatic in disapproval, which, of course, leads people to ask of what they are afraid. When a de- partment is questioned it should be the loudest in welcoming an investigation unless it is fearful that allegations will be proven and does not want its conditions aired. But free air and publicity are the best things to establish confidence in any department. Town meeting killing of suggestions to open up and ventilate only leads to further suspicion. The proper course for town labor is to foster, even to initiate, movements of this sort.
.
392
SOME ANNALS OF NAHANT
Some people of the town want lower taxes at any cost. Others want efficiency, continually increasing values in its public service, and are willing to pay what it costs. Such would rather see the town one of the best appointed of resi- dential towns rather than one with the lowest taxes. The two factors do not work together, but the third one, efficiency, may help both of the other aims. Both higher taxes and less public service through decreased expenditures will come if the town grows poorer. Several elements may contribute to this increasing poverty, of which only one least considered and most important has been presented, but there are no significant indications at present of important changes in financial condition. The State income tax law was a blow impossible to meet without rising tax rates, for other accom- panying laws reduced the amount from this income tax which reverted to the towns. More important than this is the fact that the State income tax does not run over three or four dollars a thousand, a maximum of 6 per cent of the income, while local taxation collected more than that even when applied to partially hidden property returns. The total amount spent by the State itself has increased many fold during a span of twenty-five years. It is said that the longest endurance test is to be a taxpayer, but when taxpayers get superior municipal service and obviously snappy and efficient results, they are able to compare their standing with other towns, find it favorable, and cease to grumble.
LIST OF TOWN OFFICERS
LIST OF TOWN OFFICERS
MODERATORS
1853
Walter Johnson William F. Johnson
1877-98 . Joseph T. Wilson
1854
Walter Johnson
1899 . Joseph T. Wilson Francis B. Crocker
1855
Walter Johnson John Q. Hammond
1900-07 . . Joseph T. Wilson
1856
Walter Johnson
1857
Walter Johnson Luther Dame William E. Melvin
1909
Joseph T. Wilson Henry Cabot Lodge William F. Waters
1858
Edward J. Johnson Walter Johnson
1910
. Joseph T. Wilson
1859-60 .
Luther Dame
1911
. Henry Cabot Lodge
1861
Luther Dame .
1912
. Joseph T. Wilson Henry Cabot Lodge
1862
David Johnson
1913-14 .
. Henry Cabot Lodge
1863
. Walter Johnson
1915
Henry Cabot Lodge Harry. C. Wilson
1865
. David Johnson
1916
. Henry Cabot Lodge Fred A. Wilson
1866
. David Johnson George L. Johnson
1917
Fred A. Wilson
1918-21 .
. Henry Cabot Lodge Fred A. Wilson
1876
David Johnson Joseph T. Wilson
TOWN CLERKS
1853-56 .
. Washington H. Johnson
1857-90 . . Alfred D. Johnson
1890 Alfred D. Johnson Fletcher W. Johnson
1891-97 . .. Fletcher W. Johnson
1898-1903 . Charles Cabot Johnson
1904-27 . William F. Waters
TOWN TREASURERS
1853-79 . . Welcome W. Johnson
1880-98 .. . . Edmund B. Johnson
1899-1903 . . George A. Gove 1903-27 .. . . Charles Cabot Johnson
1867
. David Johnson Walter Johnson
1922-27.
Fred A. Wilson .
1868-75 . David Johnson
1864
David Johnson
Walter Johnson
Henry Cabot Lodge
Harrison Barnes
1908 . Joseph T. Wilson . Henry Cabot Lodge :
396
SOME ANNALS OF NAHANT
SELECTMEN
1853
. William F. Johnson Dexter Stetson Artemus Murdock
1868
. Washington H. Johnson Edward J. Johnson Thomas P. Whitney
1854
. Washington H. Johnson Dexter Stetson Artemus Murdock
1869
Washington H. Johnson
. Edward J. Johnson Joseph Johnson
1855
Washington H. Johnson J. Bishop Johnson Jesse Rice
1870
. Washington H. Johnson Edward J. Johnson Artemus Murdock
1856
Washington H. Johnson J. Bishop Johnson Jesse Rice
1871
Washington H. Johnson Edward J. Johnson Artemus Murdock Washington H. Johnson Edward J. Johnson Artemus Murdock
1858
. Washington H. Johnson J. Bishop Johnson Walter Johnson
1873
Washington H. Johnson Edward J. Johnson Artemus Murdock
1859
Washington H. Johnson J. Bishop Johnson Artemus Murdock Washington H. Johnson J. Bishop Johnson Artemus Murdock
1875
Washington H. Johnson Edward J. Johnson Artemus Murdock
1861
. Washington H. Johnson Walter Johnson Artemus Murdock
1876
Washington H. Johnson Joseph T. Wilson Edward J. Johnson Edwin W. Johnson Artemus Murdock
1862
Washington H. Johnson Dexter Stetson Artemus Murdock
1877
. Joseph T. Wilson William Luscomb Edwin W. Johnson Edward J. Johnson Artemus Murdock
1864
. Washington H. Johnson Albert Wyer Edmund B. Johnson
1878
. Joseph T. Wilson William Luscomb Edwin W. Johnson C. Hervey Johnson Artemus Murdock
1866
Washington H. Johnson C. Hervey Johnson Edmund B. Johnson
1879
. Joseph T. Wilson Edwin W. Johnson Edward J. Johnson
1867
Washington H. Johnson Edward J. Johnson Thomas P. Whitney
1880
. Joseph T. Wilson Edwin W. Johnson Edward J. Johnson
1857
Washington H. Johnson J. Bishop Johnson Artemus Murdock
1872
1874
. Washington H. Johnson Edward J. Johnson Artemus Murdock
1860
1863
. Washington H. Johnson Albert Wyer Artemus Murdock
1865
. Washington H. Johnson Albert Wyer Edmund B. Johnson
397
LIST OF TOWN OFFICERS
1881
. Joseph T. Wilson Edwin W. Johnson Edward J. Johnson
1897
. Joseph T. Wilson T. Dexter Johnson J. Colby Wilson
1882 . Joseph T. Wilson Edwin W. Johnson J. Colby Wilson
1898 . Joseph T. Wilson T. Dexter Johnson J. Colby Wilson
1883
Joseph T. Wilson Edwin W. Johnson J. Colby Wilson
1899 . Joseph T. Wilson T. Dexter Johnson J. Colby Wilson
1884
. Joseph T. Wilson Edwin W. Johnson J. Colby Wilson
1900
Joseph T. Wilson Charles D. Vary J. Colby Wilson
1885 Joseph T. Wilson Edwin W. Johnson J. Colby Wilson
1901 . Joseph T. Wilson Charles D. Vary J. Colby Wilson
1886
1902
. Joseph T. Wilson Charles D. Vary J. Colby Wilson
1887
. Joseph T. Wilson William R. Whitney J. Colby Wilson . Joseph T. Wilson William R. Whitney J. Colby Wilson
1903
Joseph T. Wilson Charles D. Vary J. Colby Wilson Joseph T. Wilson Charles D. Vary J. Colby Wilson
1889
. Joseph T. Wilson William R. Whitney J. Colby Wilson
1905
Joseph T. Wilson Charles D. Vary J. Colby Wilson
1906
. Harry C. Wilson Charles D. Vary James A. Carahar
1907
. Harry C. Wilson Charles D. Vary James A. Carahar
1892
. Joseph T. Wilson William R. Whitney J. Colby Wilson
1908
. Harry C. Wilson Charles D. Vary James A. Carahar
1893
. Joseph T. Wilson William R. Whitney J. Colby Wilson
1909
. Harry C. Wilson Charles D. Vary James C. Shaughnessy
1894
. Joseph T. Wilson William R. Whitney J. Colby Wilson
1910
. Harry C. Wilson Charles D. Vary James C. Shaughnessy
1895
. Joseph T. Wilson William R. Whitney J. Colby Wilson . Joseph T. Wilson William R. Whitney J. Colby Wilson
1911
. Harry C. Wilson Charles D. Vary James C. Shaughnessy
1896
1912
. Harry C. Wilson Charles D. Vary James C. Shaughnessy
1888
. Joseph T. Wilson William R. Whitney J. Colby Wilson
1904
1890 . Joseph T. Wilson William R. Whitney J. Colby Wilson 1891 . Joseph T. Wilson William R. Whitney J. Colby Wilson
398
SOME ANNALS OF NAHANT
1913
. Harry C. Wilson Charles D. Vary James C. Shaughnessy
1914
. Harry C. Wilson Bernard F. Carahar James C. Shaughnessy
1915 Harry C. Wilson
1923
. Harry C. Wilson Dana A. Sanborn Charles A. Phillips . Harry C. Wilson Leon M. Delano Charles A. Phillips Harry C. Wilson Leon M. Delano Charles A. Phillips . Harry C. Wilson Leon M. Delano John A. Blanchard
1917
. Harry C. Wilson Dana A. Sanborn James C. Shaughnessy
1925
. Harry C. Wilson Leon M. Delano Charles A. Phillips
1918
. Harry C. Wilson Dana A. Sanborn Charles A. Phillips
1926
. Harry C. Wilson Leon M. Delano Charles A. Phillips
1919
Harry C. Wilson Dana A. Sanborn Charles A. Phillips
1927
. Harry C. Wilson Leon M. Delano Charles A. Phillips
ASSESSORS
Prior to 1908 the selectmen were also the assessors
1908
Charles D. Vary Harry C. Wilson James A. Carahar
1914
. James C. Shaughnessy . Harry C. Wilson Daniel G. Finnerty
1909
. Charles D. Vary Harry C. Wilson James C. Shaughnessy
1915
. Arthur E. Richardson : Harry C. Wilson Daniel G. Finnerty
1910
. Charles D. Vary Harry C. Wilson James C. Shaughnessy
1916 Arthur E. Richardson Harry C. Wilson Rinaldo D. Potter
1911
Charles D. Vary Harry C. Wilson James C. Shaughnessy
1917
Arthur E. Richardson Harry C. Wilson Rinaldo D. Potter
1912 Charles D. Vary Harry C. Wilson Daniel G. Finnerty
1918
Daniel G. Finnerty Harry C. Wilson Rinaldo D. Potter
1913
. Charles D. Vary Harry C. Wilson Daniel G. Finnerty
1919
. Daniel G. Finnerty Harry C. Wilson John R. Killilae
1921
1922
. Dana A. Sanborn James C. Shaughnessy
1916
. Harry C. Wilson Dana A. Sanborn James C. Shaughnessy
1924
1920 Harry . C. Wilson Daniel G. Finnerty Charles A. Phillips
LIST OF TOWN OFFICERS
1920
. Daniel G. Finnerty Harry C. Wilson John R. Killilae
1924
. James C. Shaughnessy Harry C. Wilson Daniel G. Finnerty
1921
. James J. Deveney Harry C. Wilson John R. Killilae
1925
James C. Shaughnessy Harry C. Wilson Daniel G. Finnerty
1922 . James J. Deveney Harry C. Wilson Ralph W. Johnson
1926
. James C. Shaughnessy Harry C. Wilson Daniel G. Finnerty
1923
James J. Deveney Harry C. Wilson Ralph W. Johnson
1927
. James C. Shaughnessy Harry C. Wilson Daniel G. Finnerty
SCHOOL COMMITTEES
1853
. John Q. Hammond Walter Johnson Welcome W. Johnson
1864
. John Q. Hammond Franklin E. Johnson Walter Johnson
1854
, John Q. Hammond Walter Johnson Francis Johnson
1865
John Q. Hammond Franklin E. Johnson Alfred D. Johnson
1855
. John Q. Hammond Alfred D. Johnson Thomas E. Colby . John Q. Hammond Alfred D. Johnson Jesse R. Johnson
1866
. John Q. Hammond John E. Whitney Franklin E. Johnson Walter Johnson
1867
John E. Whitney Franklin E. Johnson Walter Johnson
1857
. John Q. Hammond Alfred D. Johnson Harrison Barnes
1868
Samuel Hudson Franklin E. Johnson Edmund B. Johnson
1869
, Samuel Hudson Franklin E. Johnson Edmund B. Johnson
1870
. Joseph T. Wilson Franklin E. Johnson Edmund B. Johnson
1871
. Joseph T. Wilson Franklin E. Johnson Edmund B. Johnson
1872
Joseph T. Wilson Franklin E. Johnson Edmund B. Johnson
1862
. John Q. Hammond Alfred D. Johnson Harrison Barnes . John Q. Hammond Alfred D. Johnson Harrison Barnes . John Q. Hammond Alfred D. Johnson Harrison Barnes John Q. Hammond Alfred D. Johnson Harrison Barnes John Q. Hammond Alfred D. Johnson Walter Johnson
1873
. Joseph T. Wilson Franklin E. Johnson Edmund B. Johnson
1863
. John Q. Hammond Henry Colman Walter Johnson
1874
. Joseph T. Wilson Franklin E. Johnson Edmund B. Johnson
1858
1859
1860
1861
399
1856
400
SOME ANNALS OF NAHANT
1875
. Joseph T. Wilson Franklin E. Johnson Edmund B. Johnson
1891
Joseph T. Wilson T. Dexter Johnson Charles D. Vary
1876
. Joseph T. Wilson Franklin E. Johnson Edmund B. Johnson
1892 Joseph T. Wilson T. Dexter Johnson William D. Hodges
1877
. Joseph T. Wilson Franklin E. Johnson Edmund B. Johnson
1893
. Joseph T. Wilson Jonathan E. Johnson Charles D. Vary
1878
. Joseph T. Wilson Franklin E. Johnson Edmund B. Johnson
1894
. Joseph T. Wilson Jonathan E. Johnson Otis A. Johnson Charles D. Vary
1879
. Joseph T. Wilson Franklin E. Johnson Edmund B. Johnson
1895
Joseph T. Wilson Otis A. Johnson Charles D. Vary
1880
Joseph T. Wilson Franklin E. Johnson Edmund B. Johnson
1896 . Joseph T. Wilson Otis A. Johnson Pauline T. Johnson
1881
. Joseph T. Wilson Joseph A. Crandall Edmund B. Johnson
1897
. H. Shepard Johnson Otis A. Johnson Pauline T. Johnson . H. Shepard Johnson Otis A. Johnson Pauline T. Johnson
1883
. Joseph T. Wilson William R. Whitney Edmund B. Johnson
1899
. H. Shepard Johnson Otis A. Johnson Charles B. Goodell
1885
. Joseph T. Wilson William R. Whitney Edmund B. Johnson
1901
. Frank M. Coakley Otis A. Johnson Charles B. Goodell Frank M. Coakley Otis A. Johnson Charles B. Goodell
1886
. Joseph T. Wilson William R. Whitney Joseph W. Hammond
1902
. Peter H. Lane Otis A. Johnson Harry C. Wilson
1887 . Joseph T. Wilson Samuel H. Hudson Joseph W. Hammond
1903 . Peter H. Lane Otis A. Johnson Harry C. Wilson
1888
. Joseph T. Wilson Samuel H. Hudson Joseph W. Hammond
1904
. Solomon Alley Otis A. Johnson Harry C. Wilson
1889
. Joseph T. Wilson Samuel H. Hudson Charles D. Vary
1905
. Solomon Alley Otis A. Johnson Harry C. Wilson Solomon Alley
1890
. Joseph T. Wilson T. Dexter Johnson Charles D. Vary
1906
ยท Otis A. Johnson James J. Deveney
1882
. Joseph T. Wilson
1898
William R. Whitney Edmund B. Johnson
1884
. Joseph T. Wilson William R. Whitney Edmund B. Johnson
1900
LIST OF TOWN OFFICERS
1907
. Francis B. Crocker, Jr. Solomon Alley James J. Deveney
1921
. Mary T. Cusick Fred A. Pirie John S. Tombeno
1908
Francis B. Crocker, Jr. Otis A. Johnson James J. Deveney
1909
Francis B. Crocker, Jr. Otis A. Johnson James J. Deveney
1910
. Francis B. Crocker, Jr. Otis A. Johnson James J. Deveney
1923
Mary T. Cusick Arthur H. Wilson Abby M. Roland Harry R. Cummings John S. Tombeno Georgiana Wilson
1912
Frank H. Wilson, Jr. Otis A. Johnson Charles B. Goodell
1924
. Susan M. Crocker Harriet E. Ham Abby M. Roland Harry R. Cummings John S. Tombeno Georgiana Wilson
1914
. Frank H. Wilson, Jr. Otis A. Johnson Charles B. Goodell
1915 Frank E. Bruce Otis A. Johnson Charles B. Goodell
1916
. Frank E. Bruce Fred A. Pirie Georgiana Wilson
1926
Frank E. Roberts Harriet E. Ham. Abby M. Roland Thomas A. Finn George W. Nixon Georgiana Wilson Frank E. Roberts Harriet E. Ham Abby M. Roland Thomas A. Finn George W. Nixon Georgiana Wilson
1918
Frank E. Bruce Fred A. Pirie Georgiana Wilson
1927
. Frank E. Roberts Harriet E. Ham Abby M. Roland Thomas A. Finn George W. Nixon Georgiana Wilson
-
1919
1920
Frank E. Bruce Fred A. Pirie Georgiana Wilson Frank E. Bruce Fred A. Pirie John S. Tombeno
1922 Mary T. Cusick Arthur H. Wilson Abby M. Roland Harry R. Cummings John S. Tombeno Georgiana Wilson
1911
Francis B. Crocker, Jr. Otis A. Johnson James J. Deveney
1913
. Frank H. Wilson, Jr. Otis A. Johnson Charles B. Goodell
1925
1917
. Frank E. Bruce Fred A. Pirie Georgiana Wilson
401
402
SOME ANNALS OF NAHANT
PUBLIC LIBRARY COMMITTEES AND TRUSTEES
1871
. Joseph T. Wilson Alfred D. Johnson Edward J. Johnson
1883-88 .
. Henry Cabot Lodge Joseph T. Wilson William S. Otis
1889-96 . Henry Cabot Lodge Joseph T. Wilson Albert G. Wilson
1897-1924 . Henry Cabot Lodge Fred A. Wilson Albert G. Wilson
1925-26 . Isabella H. Williams Fred A. Wilson Albert G. Wilson
1927
. Isabella H. Williams Fred A. Wilson Winthrop T. Hodges
HIGHWAY SURVEYORS
1853-56 .
. Alonzo Colby
1886-88 .
. Henry T. Dunham
1857-61 . . Albert Whitney
1889-1905
. Charles W. Stacy
1862
. Albert Wyer
1906-07 . . George W. Kibbey
1863
. Dexter Stetson
1908-19 . Charles W. Stacy
1864-85 .
Walter Johnson
1920-27 . Patrick J. O'Connor
1872-76 . . Joseph T. Wilson Edward J. Johnson Alfred D. Johnson J. Nelson Borland
1877 . Joseph T. Wilson Henry Cabot Lodge Alfred D. Johnson Edward J. Johnson
1878 . Joseph T. Wilson Henry Cabot Lodge Alfred D. Johnson H. Shepard Johnson
1879-82 . Henry Cabot Lodge Joseph T. Wilson H. Shepard Johnson
INDEX
INDEX
Advisory committee 307 Agassiz, Elizabeth Cary 52 Agassiz, Prof. Louis 52 83 161 273 290 291 320 "Alice," the 114 319 Allen, Dr. Freeman 321 Allen, Rev. Henry F. 321 Alley, Hugh 37 38 39 40 41 46 47 "America," the 114 American Legion Auxiliary 363 American Legion monument 378 American Legion tablet 378 Amory, Charles 67 106 133 215 284 321 Amory, John 284 Amory, Robert 227 285 Amory, Thomas C. 285 287 Annexation to Lynn 314 Appleton, Thomas G. 114 283 286 319 Appleton, William 56 106 215 283 285 323 Appropriation shortcomings 307 Archibald, William B. 111 Assessor's appraisals 381 382 Assessors, Board of 346 Australian ballot system 344 Aviation, Harry Atwood 355
Bailey's Hill 201 326 332 Baker, Daniel C. 154 260 Balloting methods 344 Barges 81 228 229 230 Baseball 361 Bass Beach 197 312 Bass Point 142 156 201 271 325 Bass Point fire 331 Bass Point House 185 271 327 Bass Point Wharf 195 Bassett, Deliverance 42 Bassett, William 42 Bath house 312 Bay View House 76 Beaches, ownership of 205 Beal, James H. 224 312 Bear Pond 24 201 202 Beginnings of New England 3 Bird Collection 177 Black Mine 198 Black Rock 201 302 Black Rock Wharf 195 Blackstone 5 Blackstone, William 8 Blagden, Rev. George W. 50 Blanchard, Lieut .- Col. Harold 377
Blanchard, John A. 215 277 361 Boat House Beach 51 196 Bolger's Beach 196 Bootlegging 329 Borland, Dr. J. Nelson 172 309
Bosson, Judge Albert D. 274 Boston, Nahant and Pines Steamboat Company 156 Boyden, Mrs. C. C. 288 Boys' Club 270 362 Boy Scouts 350 Bradbury, Charles 46 106
Bradford, William 12
Bradlee, Frederick W. 285
Brann, Eugene H. 235 326 328
Breed, Allen 17 21 41
Breed, George Herbert 43 117
Breed, Jabez 42 43 Breed, Nehemiah 42 50
Breed, Samuel 40 41 42 43 44 50 73 Breed, William 42 96 170 "Bridal of Pennacook" 14
Brown, Sylvester 327 Bruce, Frank E. 358
Bryant, John F. 56 116 Bulfinch, Henry 75 268
Bull fight 96 Burchsted, Dr. John H. 37 40 41 43 Burnett, Frances Hodgson 320 "Butter Box" 273
Cabot, Henry 278 288 Cabot, Samuel 162 288 Cadet encampment 321 322 Calden, Capt. A. W. 155 181 194 Calf Spring 30, 31 51 63 202 Canary Club 352
Cannon Hill 201 Cannon owned by town 312 Canoe Beach 197 Carahar, Bernard F. 228
Carahar Brothers 149 228 229 271
Carahar, James A. 228 233 235 337 Cary, Emma F. 52 287 290 Cary, Thomas G. 52 106 273
Cary, Mrs. William F. 75 274 325 Castle Road 52 Castle Rock 197 312 Celebration for Senator Lodge 378 Cemetery 223 Cemetery gates 224
406
INDEX
Central Wharf 192 Chadwick, Ebenczer and Christopher 277 288 "Chesapeake" and "Shannon" 96 Churches 213
Independent Methodist 215 216 217 218 219 Nahant 56 106 214 215 216 290 Old Stone Schoolhouse 214 Pastors 219 220 Roman Catholic 219 220 221 Y. M. C. A. 219 Civil War 103
Civil War list 104
Clark, Capt. Arthur H. 110 114
Clark, Benjamin C. 56 106 109 110 226 282 Clark, George M. 375 Clark, Col. Robert F. 110 Clark's Point 197 282 Coaches 81 99 196 197 Coakley, Thomas F. 46
Coast Guard Station 196 199 365
Cochran, Mildred G. 375
Cochran, Robert L. 105
Codman, Edward W. 274 289 315
Codman, Stephen 59 106 274 282 289
Colby, Alonzo 205 225 259 261 330 Colby Hill 330
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