USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > Framingham > The first parish of Framingham : 1701-1951 > Part 2
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In September 1829, the division of doctrine developed here so that the parish voted to have the pulpit supplied three Sabbaths by Orthodox, and then three Sabbaths by Unitarian preachers. This arrangement continued for about three months.
On January 20, 1830, a new Church, called the Hollis Evangelical Society, was formed by the friends of Orthodoxy and the next Sabbath, January 24, the pastor and church met for worship in the Town House, where they continued to hold religious services till the erection of a new meeting house. The church* retained the name of the "Church of Christ in Framingham."
*On the title page of his "History of Framingham," 1847, Mr. Barry calls himself "Late Pastor of the First Church in Framingham."
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THE FIRST PARISH OF FRAMINGHAM
The selection of the Hollis name was an emphatic protest with something of satire against the religious doctrine taught by Henry Ware as the Hollis professor of Divinity.
The parish successor of David Kellogg was Artemas Bowers Muzzey. He was ordained June 30, 1830, prominent men taking part in the ordination; among them Converse Francis and Ezra Stiles Gannet. He was a native of Lexing- ton, a Harvard graduate in 1824, an A. M. from the Divinity School in 1828, and minister here from 1830-1833. This was his first parish. He was a loyal disciple of Henry Ware, the leader of the Harvard Unitarianism, for he gave his name to his son, Henry Ware Muzzey, born here December 1832. We have a beautiful reference to this sectarian division in the address made here at the time of our Bicentennial by the Rev. Dr. Addison Ballard, a native of Framingham who had gained distinction in Lafayette College of Eastern Pennsyl- vania, as follows:
"Of course I cannot but remember the split in the Old Parish, the withdrawing of the 'Orthodox,' as they were styled, and the forming of this, the Second or Plymouth Church. But even about that I had at the time a pleasant experience which many years after was deepened into the most grateful recollection. My father continued his connec- tion with the First Parish, my mother joined the Second Church and we children were allowed, without prejudice or special solicitation, to follow the bent each of his own mind. So far as I can recall the time, not a single word of even friendly discussion was ever spoken by my father or mother in the family about the division or about the differences in Theological belief which caused it. The expectation I then had of entering Harvard College was probably the chief reason why I alone of the children, kept going with my father to the First or Unitarian Church. Rev. Artemus B. Muzzey was their first pastor, to whom, for his warm interest in the children of the congregation, I became tenderly attached. Young as I was, I taught with heart-felt devotion for my little pupils (we were all little together), a class in that Sunday School. Failing to profit by the prudent example of my par- ents, I fell to urging the Unitarian views on my mother but
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THE FIRST PARISH OF FRAMINGHAM
she would never gratify my fondness for disputation or ambi- tion to carry a point. I used to read Unitarian tracts. Once I got hold of a tract entitled 'One Hundred Questions for Trini- tarians to Answer.' I charged my forensic rifle with some of those questions and went downstairs from my study-chamber, to fire them off at mother. Mother was ironing, I remember. The irons were hot, and so was I. Mother was very peaceful, as it was her wont to be. In reply to those (as I eagerly be- lieved) unanswerable questions, she said in her sweet way, 'I don't know about those things, Addison; I only know that Christ is a very precious Saviour to me.'"
Mr. Muzzey lived to be one of the oldest graduates of Har- vard, coming down into my own time when I rember seeing him as one of the leaders of the Commencement Procession. He retired May 18, 1833, returning to his home town, Cam- bridge, where he served a long pastorate.
George Chapman, Harvard College 1828, followed him, but he died in office in the following year. There is this record in the Barry History. "His early death disappointed the sanguine hopes of an extensive circle of friends, to whom he was ardently attached, as well as the just expectations of his people, who fully appreciated his intelligence, sincerity, and devotion. He died of pulmonary disease, having admin- istered the communion for the last time, January 5, 1934."
William Barry, the next in line, has left a record, the most unusual, in the history of the Parish, yes, in the history of the town. There is this summary in the Appleton Encyclopedia of American Biographies:
"Barry, William, author; b. Boston Jan. 1805; d. Chicago, 17 Jan. 1885. He was graduated at Brown University in 1822 and studied law, but entered Cambridge Divinity School in 1826, and after two years there spent two years more in study in Goettingen and Paris. He was ordained pastor of the South Congregational Church, Lowell, Mass., in 1830 and in 1835 took charge of the First Church in Framingham. Failing health forced him to give up his charge in 1844 and he trav- eled in Europe and Asia until 1847 when he returned and took charge of another church in Lowell. In 1853 his health
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compelled him to cease work again and he moved to Chicago where he organized the Chicago Historical Association in 1856 and was Secretary and Librarian until 1868. Mr. Barry was one of the most accomplished scholars and ablest writers in the East. It was in his office that President Lincoln ob- tained his data for his memorable address in the Cooper In- stitute. Among his publications are: 'Thoughts on Christian Doctrine, Lowell 1845'; 'History of Framingham, Boston 1847'; 'Antiquities of Wisconsin,' in Wisconsin's Historical Selec- tions, Volume III, and 'Writings from the East.' "
While in Framingham, he wrote the following book: " 'A History of Framingham, Mass.' including the Plantation, from 1640 to the Present Time, with an Appendix, Containing a Notice of Sudbury and Its First Proprietors; Also, A Register of the Inhabitants of Framingham before 1800, with Gen- ealogical Sketches."
This begins with the introduction, "The following History can possess but little interest beyond the neighborhood, whose memorials it is designed to preserve. Some may even be dis- posed to question the propriety of dignifying with so ambi- tious an epithet, the simple annals of an agricultural town, or of seeking for them the distinction of a publication from the press. The public taste has, however, created a demand for such publications; and the inquisitive interest it betokens, in respect to the characters, the deeds, the personal fortunes, of the Planters of New England, is worthy of the past, and creditable to the present. Humble and unostentatious as are the annals of our New England villages, they are such only relatively, or as judged by false standards of glory and merit. The examples they display of heroic faith, of invincible cour- age, of generous self-sacrifice, of bold and untiring enterprise, the illustration they afford to the genius of the age, and the race that transformed the stern cliffs and gloomy forests of these Western wilds, into a cultivated and flourishing Com- monwealth, the extraordinary spectacle everywhere pre- sented of rising schools, amidst popular ignorance, of a stern morality amidst general degeneracy, of a devout and inflexible faith amidst widespread unbelief, of a jealous and enlight- ened love of liberty, amidst universal despotism, all reflect
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honor upon the past,-are required to give completeness to New England history, and will be recalled with an ever-in- creasing interest, as time shall cover with the deepening mist of antiquity, the 'beginnings of the Commonwealth.' Well shall it be, if the record shall not gratify a vain curiousity, nor nourish a yet vainer boasting; but the rather feed a nobler emulation, a purer patriotism, a more exalted virtue, a more generous philanthropy."
His association as the leader of the Chicago Historical Society marks outstanding service as the Historian of the Middle West. Here is a significant record: "At a special meeting of the Chicago Historical Society, held to do honor to his memory, the following resolution was presented by Judge Skinner and unanimously adopted :- Resolved, that the Chicago Historical Society in the death of Rev. William Barry mourns the departure of its original founder, its first secre- tary and librarian, its earliest and best friend-the one to whose zeal and enthusiasm it owes its early and great success and its establishment on a firm foundation. A profound stu- dent and accomplished writer, a courtly and elegant gentle- man, he accomplished for this society at its outset and during the first year of its history surprising results, securing for it a position among kindred associations in this country and in foreign lands, and benefits, which, but for his efforts, could not have been attained." Think what it meant to supply Abraham Lincoln with the historical data in the wonderful Cooper Institute speech. Douglas had said that the fathers of the Constitution who recognized slavery and the duty of returning fugitive slaves knew more about the matter than we do: why not leave it as they left it. And then, Lincoln, endorsing this statement, added, "But what did they know of these matters," and then he proved by name, date, and occa- sion that a majority of the forty-three signers of the Constitu- tion would have been free soilers if they had lived to the period approaching 1860. I have brought his picture with me, mounted with that of the Historian Josiah H. Temple who followed him. And here he is, an old, white-haired, full- bearded man approaching his 80th year. A pleasing me- mento of his service is the Hymn "Framingham" published
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in the Harpsichord in 1852, practically 100 years ago, which will be played on the organ following this address.
The record of the ministers of the Parish following Wil- liam Barry is as follows: John N. Bellows, 1846-48; Joseph H. Phipps, 1848-1853; Samuel D. Robbins, 1854-1867; Henry G. Spaulding, 1868-1873; Charles A. Humphreys, 1873-1891; Ernest C. Smith, 1892-1899; Calvin Stebbins, 1900-1910; James C. Hodgins, 1911-1915; John Henry Wilson, 1915-1924; Ralph H. Baldwin, 1925-1938; John O. Fisher, 1939-1949; with George F. Patterson, interim minister while Mr. Fisher was abroad as a World War II chaplain, and Clyde D. Williams, 1949.
One of these in my own time was Charles A. Humphreys. In the Civil War he had served as Chaplain of the Second Massachusetts Cavalry Volunteers, and he left a very inter- esting book entitled: "Field, Camp, Hospital and Prison in the Civil War, 1863-1865." I think that in the matter of de- tail of the life of the soldier, as indicated, this is an unusual account. Here is a condensed sketch of contents: "War con- ditions in 1864"; "Women's help and inspiration in Camp and Hospital exemplified by Mrs. Josephine Shaw Lowell," wife of Col. Charles Russell Lowell, sister of Robert Gould Shaw; "Difficulties in holding Sunday services for the regiment"; "The Chaplain prepares a deserter for execution"; "A Day to Day Description of the Battle of the Wilderness"; "Taken as a prisoner, and sent to the guard-house for preaching pa- triotism"; "Freedom offered if he would go to Washington and urge on Lincoln an exchange of prisoners, which he de- clines"; "Released September 1864 and the joy of again be- ing under the Union Flag"; "Description of Lee's surrender at Appomattox"; "The service April 16, 1865 following the news of the assassination of Lincoln."
And this final paragraph: "I count it one of the most precious privileges of my life that I once took in mine the hand of Abraham Lincoln-the brotherly hand that the first Inaugural held out to the threatening South this olive branch: 'We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection. The mystic chords of memory stretching
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from every battlefield and patriot grave to every living heart and hearthstone all over this broad land will yet swell the chorus of the Union when again touched, as surely they will be, by the better angels of our nature.' And I rejoice to have held in mine the firm hand that kept true the rudder of the Ship of State through all the storms of war; the kindly hand that heartened the soldiers in the field and in the hospital, wrote letters for the sick, and smoothed the pillow of the dying; the tender hand that wrote the Gettysburg address, and the Second Inaugural with its 'malice toward none' and its 'charity for all.' But more even than for all these I am proud to have clasped the strong hand that struck the fetters from millions of slaves and laid firm and forever in freedom the foundations of our nationality."
The service of Mr. Humphreys as minister began on November 1, 1873 and continued to November 1, 1891, when he moved to Randolph.
In 1915, he published a book of poems, "Excursions Tow- ards Parnassus with Longings for Zion," beginning with this Preface: "These verses of mine I have never presumed to call poems; they are simply metric meditations along the way of a quiet life." But let me read a few: Here is an: "Intro- duction to Address on 'The Voice of Freedom' "
Awake, ye nationals, wake, with joyful songs arise, And Liberty, fair Liberty, exalt ye to the skies ! Awake ye nations, wake, to the shrine of Freedom come, And hear the tale I now relate of many victories won; Of nations kept in darkness by Slavery's demon hand; But brought to holy light and truth by Freedom's magic wand." October 1854
How appropriate in 1950-60 ! And here is a "Parting Hymn for Class of 1860."
In lofty songs of grateful praise Our hearts would now ascend To Him who has our youth preserved, Who will our life defend.
We've walked where Knowledge led the way; In Wisdom's steps we've trod; But truer wisdom here we've learned- To know and fear our God.
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In friendship strong our hearts have joined Each other's toils to bear; But now alone in life's hard strife Our armor must we wear.
Let Wisdom ever be our guide, Let all our life be love; Then shall we meet again at last In brighter worlds above.
June 17, 1860
And here is his answer to "What Is Life?"
When the toils of day are ended, And we pause from all its strife, Looking o'er the way we've wended, Comes the question-What is Life?
And the answer comes as surely To the simple, trusting soul: Life is time for living purely Writing truth upon its scroll;
Time for strong and earnest labor, Time for kindly word and deed, Time for love to every neighbor, Time to give to every need,-
Bread to hungry mouths and famished, Water clear to thirsting lips, And to him-whose hopes are vanished, Who the dregs of sorrow sips,-
Pity's tears, heart-hunger filling, Sympathy's sweet cup of balm, Cheering faith, and service willing Stretching out the helpful palm.
Life is losing self in duty, Loving best its lowliness; Life is finding self in beauty, Following most its holiness.
Life is growing each day stronger For its conflicts stern and rude; Life is finding each day longer For its larger stores of good.
Life is not the greedy grasping Of the pleasures of a day, But the firm and thankful clasping Of the joys that ever stay.
Life in youth is aspirtaion After high and noble aims; Manhood's life is consecration To the work that honor claims.
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Life for age is recollection Brightening with hopes above; Life for all is clear reflection Of the Father's grace and love.
Let us then fill our life's story With our noblest faith and strength, Work for God, and not for glory, Make this earth a heaven at length. May 4, 1878
The ministry of Calvin Stebbins from 1900 to 1910 is marked by the bi-centennial exercises held October 13, 1901. Mr. Stebbins had made an excellent record in Worcester as Pastor before he came here and was well known as a histor- ian, being a prominent member of the American Antiquarian Society. He took an active interest in these commemorative exercises and we have an interesting pamphlet by way of description. Rev. Lucius R. Eastman, the pastor of the Ply- mouth Church and the members of this church were special guests and the opening prayer was by Mr. Eastman. In the historical address the period of the pastorate of John Swift, Matthew Bridge, and David Kellogg is entertainly described and there is this description of the division which came in the Unitarian period.
"Friction was inevitable . . . The contending schools of theology at Andover and Cambridge were called in, and the contention went into the air and 'like a comet blazed' with all the passions of human nature.
" 'Not a word or a moment will I give to the rehearsal of the alienation between townsmen, neighbors, families and lifelong friends, attendant and consequent upon this lament- able business.' Both parties have vindicated their right to be, and the passions of that hour should be left in the passion- less dust they once animated-in the graveyard.
"Things soon came to such a pass that only a trial of strength could settle the matter. The test vote at last came and the parish was in a majority and in so large a majority that, as the result shows, the minority had no hope of over- coming it. There was nothing for the minority to do but to submit or secede. On the 20th of January, 1830, a new parish was formed, calling itself the 'Hollis Evangelical So-
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ciety' and the next Sunday, the 24th, they held services in the town hall. This new society is the present Plymouth Church, the 'Orthodox branch of the First Parish,' and here, so far as this story is concerned, we bid them farewell and Godspeed."
Calvin Stebbins's brother, Dr. Horatio Stebbins, a leading clergyman of the Pacific Coast, had come from California. The hymn, Auld Lang Syne, had been written for the occa- sion by Mr. Humphreys and a former minister, Henry G. Spaulding, gave an address by reminiscence, and then there was an afternoon session with addresses by Dr. Edward Ever- ett Hale; U. S. Senator George F. Hoar, and by Dr. Stebbins.
Mr. Stebbins refers to the third meeting house built in 1807 with a church steeple, a Paul Revere bell given to the Town by Micah Stone, and a clock, the gift of Moses Edgell. This is prominent in the background of the Daniel Bell pic- ture of "View of Framingham Common in 1808" which I have brought with me. Notice the three door entrance, the second story windows and the stately steeple. Mr. Stebbins con- cludes:
"The old First Parish has come down to us from strong hands, and brings with it the blessing of strong and generous men and women. No one but the Recording Angel knows how much good it has done in these two hundred years; but the need is ever new, and the old bell still sends out its sum- mons to all to learn the significance of life, its aim and pur- pose, and to learn also that other lesson, 'The relation of the creature to the Creator, of the son to the Father, of the weak and the tempted to the all-quickening Spirit.'"
In these 250 years there have been in all 19 ministers, three for the first period of practically 130 years and 16 for the last period of practically 120 years, indicating very clearly the trend in matters of settlement and life service. Of the 16 ministers in this latter period the longest term of service seems to be eighteen years, the longest of the three in the first period over half a century.
The period of most difficulty, spiritual and financial, seems to have been in the decade of 1850-60. The letter of resigna- tion of John N. Bellows in December, 1847, as recorded,
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shows division after only a years service, then Joseph H. Phipps follows for six years, ending in resignation which is received with a testimonial letter. At a Parish meeting in January, 1854, Samuel D. Robbins is called by a vote of 13 yeas and one nay and is voted a salary of $800. Then comes the financial panic most extreme in 1859, and in 1860 Mr. Robbins gives $100 of this sum and offers another $100 with a letter stating "If I know my own heart I assure you that my one desire is union and prosperity temporal and spiritual."
He served until 1867, thirteen years in all, covering the period of the Civil War - the beginning and recovery. He was active as a citizen, on the School Committee and Chaplain of the House of Representatives. In Temple's his- tory it is stated that he "published occasional sermons, poems, and articles in the magazines and reviews; was a man of vigorous intellect, true culture, and pungent wit, but withal of clear spiritual discernment and religious faith." Although he died in Belmont he was buried in Edgell Grove Cemetery.
Altogether in this period there have been five meeting houses, the first, the barn-like structure on the old Burying Ground from 1701 to 1735; then the second, not much by way of improvement, on the site which has continued to the present time. This was replaced a few years later by a third meeting house, these three all having been built when the parish and the town were united, and paid for by the town appropriation.
On April 3, 1826, the parish was incorporated under the law then permitting it, and from that time has been indepen- dent of the Town, and in 1846, in the pastorate of John N. Bellows, a self-constituted committee, financed the building of a fourth meeting house, soliciting private subscriptions and selling pews.
On Sunday, April 4, 1920, this meeting house burned to the ground. In the account in the News the following day it is stated that the parish records were rescued, but that the organ and Paul Revere bell were damaged beyond repair.
Dr. William Allen Knight, associated with the Plymouth Church, a minister and long time helper, and still living in
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Framingham writing most welcome editorials in the News, wrote this hymn by way of further description and tribute:
"THE HOUSE THAT LONG HAS BEEN THY TEMPLE"
(Hymn on the burning of the First Parish Church in Framingham to the Tune of "Ancient of Days")
O God the house that long has been thy Temple, May fall beneath the rage of midnight fire,
But while the flames illumine our gazing faces Thou the eternal art our heart's desire.
Faith, hope and love were there enshrined, our Father, Amid the long and wayward life of men.
Mem'ries were there endeared by thine own blessing But faith and hope and love shall live again.
All things upraised by mortal hands shall crumble; What thou hast wrought in us shall never die. Behold within our souls contrite and humble Thy ceaseless Temple, O thou God most high.
With this loss by fire of one of the twin meeting houses at the end of the Common, there was some thought of a united church, but the differences still continued, as evi- denced by the two versions of "Holy, Holy, Holy," one con- cluding with "trinity" and the other with "unity," and with the strong financial support in the First Parish plans were made for rebuilding; and soon Charles M. Baker, an active architect, with other buildings in Framingham to preserve his memory, directed the rebuilding, as now existing. The Paul Revere bell was not damaged beyond repair, and was recast and still rings out the call to public worship, and tolls the hours day and night, and money was raised for a new organ of superior excellence, named and given in honor of Frederick Lucian Hosmer, a native of Framingham whose hymns are of world-wide fame, and here for a new genera- tion Unitarian worship has continued.
I have some personal recollections of Mr. Spaulding, as he officiated at the wedding of my sister in my home in South Framingham, January, 1874, and I have read with interest the address which he gave at the bi-centennial following Mr. Stebbins. I can appreciate the passage referring to the din- ner, following his ordination, "One of the speakers for the parish was the late General George H. Gordon, who said, among other things, that if he should ever see any member
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of the congregation going to sleep in meeting he would throw his hymn book at his head. Possibly the General had in mind a remark made by that zealous friend of the parish, Mr. George Phipps, when I was preaching here as a candidate. Mr. Phipps had been introduced to me as one of 'the pillars of the Church.' 'Oh, no, Mr. Spaulding,' was his quick reply, 'Not one of the pillars, only one of the sleepers.'"
I think of the men who have served as ministers of our parish, these only are now living: John Henry Wilson who was here from 1913 to 1924, now the pastor of the Congre- gational Church at Wilton, N. H., and at present with us today, known to his many friends as "John Henry"; John Ogden Fisher, now minister in Newton; George F. Patterson who served as interim pastor during Mr. Fisher's absence across the sea during World War II, and our present minister, Rev. Clyde D. Williams. Mr. Wilson has a special interest in this occasion as he can trace his ancestry to an associate of the founders of the parish in 1701. An ancestor, Nathaniel Wilson, had come to Framingham in 1694 and is referred to in Temple's History as a "bricklayer," probably the only one in that early settlement and as such he undoubtedly as- sisted in laying the foundation in 1701 which figuratively con- tinues in 1951.
An important event in our recent history is the acquiring and opening of a parish house on land adjoining our meeting house. This estate has had an interesting record as a matter of local history, going back to the time of the Plymouth Church minister Rev. George Trask, and coming down through the family of James W. Clark, a prominent citizen, and finally through Wallace Nutting who had occupied it as his headquarters in writing his books on places beautiful. It not only furnishes ample provision for the minister's home, but also for parish suppers, meetings of miscellaneous in- terest and of public significance. It furnishes a combination of church and social activity promising much for the future.
Mr. Spaulding closed his address with these words appro- priate today as they were fifty years ago: "Of those days of long ago, we can truly say 'The past is secure.' The men and women who then made this church a beacon light and a
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center of kindly warmth for the diffusion of a pure and prac- tical Christianity toiled not in vain. Their deeds live on. Their prayers of humble virtue made the perfume which lingers in this place. Those who have come after them have entered into their labors. For all of truth and of love that really exists at any time lasts ever. Just as the fields on these hillsides may lie fallow, or may be clothed with verdure, or covered with rich harvests, while all the time, from springs beneath, the refreshing water flows; so society may wear a new face; customs may vary; rules and standards, like human opinions, may change; but the soul and its life; man's religious aspirations and his religious activities-these abide-these make the
'One holy Church of God In every age and race; Unharmed, upon the eternal Rock, Unchanged by changing place.
'In vain the surges' angry shock; In vain the drifting sands: Unharmed, upon the eternal Rock; The Eternal City stands.'"
Ministers of the First Parish in Framingham 1701 to 1951
1701-1745
Rev. John Swift, A.M
1745-1775
Rev. Matthew Bridge, A.M.
1781-1830
Rev. David Kellogg, D.D.
1830-1833
Rev. Artemas Bowers Muzzey, D.D.
1833-1834
Rev. George Chapman, A.B.
1835-1845
Rev. William Barry, A.M.
1846-1848
Rev. John Nelson Bellows
1848-1853
Rev. Joseph Hobson Phipps
1854-1867
Rev. Samuel Dowse Robbins, A.M.
1868-1873
Rev. Henry George Spaulding, A.B.
1873-1891
Rev. Charles Alfred Humphreys, A.B.
1892-1899
Rev. Ernest Charles Smith, A.M.
1900-1910
Rev. Calvin Stebbins, D.D.
1911-1915
Rev. James Cobourg Hodgins, D.D.
1915-1924
Rev. John Henry Wilson, A.B.
1925-1938
Rev. Ralph Henry Baldwin, A.M.
1939-1949
Rev. John Ogden Fisher, S.T.M.
1943-1946 Rev. George Francis Patterson, D.D.
1949-
Rev. Clyde Delabar Williams, B.D.
Framingham in 1841
بم بحبه
٧٥٨
View of Framingham Centre Common 1950. Town of Framingham Incorporated 1700.
--
The views of Framingham, 1808 and 1950, are used here through the kindness of the artist, Miss Margaret M. Kendall.
Reprinted from the Proceedings of the Unitarian Historical Society, Volume IX Part II.
HECKMAN
BINDERY, INC. Bound-To-Please®
JAN 01
N. MANCHESTER, INDIANA 46962
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