USA > Massachusetts > Essex County > Salem > The history of Salem, Massachusetts, vol 2, 1924 > Part 15
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At the same court, it was ordered that November 4th be "kept a day of public humiliation throughout our jurisdiction, in regard of our wants, and the danger of our native country" (Eng- land).
Archibald Thomson of Marblehead, when carrying dung in a canoe to his ground upon the Lord's day, Nov. 7 (?), 1641, in fair weather and still water, the canoe sunk under him in the harbor near the shore and he was never seen afterward.1
The summer of this year was cold and wet, and much of the corn never ripened.2 The winter was very cold, and when the ice and snow melted in the spring most of the bridges and many mills were destroyed or badly injured. "One Warde of Salem, an honest young man, who going to show a traveller the safest passage over the river, as he thought, by the salthouse, fell in, and though he had a pitch fork in his hand, yet was presently carried under the ice by the tide. The traveller fell in with one leg while he went to help the other, but God preserved him. He had about him all the letters from England which were brought in a ship newly arrived at the Isle of Shoals, which sure were the occasion of God's preserving him, more than any good- ness of the man." Ward was drowned.
Dec. 3, 1641, the town granted to William Dodge and John Ward twenty acres of land each; to Phineas Fiske twenty acres more at the village near the pond; and to Richard Dodge and Hilliard Verrin forty acres each.
born July 23, 1671; living in 1674. CAPT. JOHN PRICE2; married Sarah Wolcott of Connecticut Jan. - , 1673-4; died Aug. 13, 1691; she died March 25, 1698; children: 1. Walter3, born May 17, 1676; 2. John", baptized Aug. 18, 1678; died in 1679; 3. Hannah3, baptized July 31, 1681 ; died in 1684 (?), aged three years; 4. Sarah3; died between 1674 and 1691, aged one year.
MAJ. WALTER PRICE3; merchant; married, first, Freestone Turner March 30, 1699; she died June 14, 1714; married, second, Elizabeth Hirst Feb. 24, 1715-6; he died about March -, 1730-I; she died ("old madam") . March 6, 175 -; children: 1. John4, born March 29, 1700; living in 1731; 2. William4, born March 22, 1701-2; died Aug. 31, 1702; 3. Sarah4, born Feb. 4, 1709-10; married Joseph Bartlett; 4. Elizabeth4, born May 9, I714; married Mitchell Sewall.
1Winthrop's Journal, volume II, page 42.
2Winthrop's Journal, volume II, page 43. 3Winthrop's Journal, volume II, page 44.
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IIISTORY OF SALEM
Deputy-governor Endecott, Mr. Downing and Mr. Hau- thorne were authorized, Dec. 10, 1641, to secure nineteen copies of the laws transcribed, and none but the copies subscribed by them should be considered authentic.1
On the same day, the general court appointed a clerk of the writs in each town, authorized to grant summons and attach- ments and replevin ; and Ralph Fogg2 was appointed for Salem. June 14, 1642, clerks of the writs were ordered to record births and deaths of persons in their respective towns ; not only current births and deaths, but they were ordered to "do their utmost endeavor to find out who hath been born and who have died since the first founding of their towns, and to record the same," and annually to give a transcript thereof to the recorder of the local court. and all persons having authority to perform the marriage ceremony were ordered to make return to the recorder of the court nearest their residence, and the recorder must record them. All such records were ordered to be made "faith- fully and carefully.' The next clerk of the writs appointed in Salem were Jeffrey Massey, May 17, 1647; and Hillard Verin was the next appointed, Jan. 16, 1656-7. No others appear on the records in Salem.
In the quarterly court held at Salem Jan. 25, 1641-2, there were sixty-eight civil cases. This shows the litigious disposition of the early settlers. "George the Indean broth" of Georg Saga- more sent to Boston goale." Samuel Gatchell and William Luckin lived in Marblehead at this time. William Walcott was ordered to be whipped for idleness. John Neale3 of Marble- John Gall head, servant to Mr. William Cok- raine, was ordered to be whipped for burglary. John Goit was admonished for saying "its better to go to hell gate
1Winthrop's Journal, volume II, page 60.
2Ralph Fogg was born about 1600.
3JOHN NEALE1; yeoman; made freeman May 18, 1642; married Mary Lawes; died May 12, 1672; she married, secondly, Andrew Mansfield of Salem, and was that latter's wife in 1680; children: I. John2, baptized May 22, 1642; died young; 2. John2, baptized March 24, 1643-4; died in infancy; 3. Jeremiah2, baptized Jan. 18, 1645-6; 4. John2, baptized Jan. 24, 1647-8; 5. Lydia2, baptized April 7, 1650; married Jonathan Hart; 6. Jonathan2, baptized Aug. 15, 1652; died young; 7. Mary2, born March 14, 1654-5; died July 6, 1658; 8. Jonathan2, baptized Sept. 6, 1657; of Salem, cordwainer, 1680-1707; 9. Sarah2; died July 22, 1658; 10. Joseph2, born March 14, 1659-60.
LT. JEREMIAH NEALE2; housewright; married, first, Sarah Hart June 15, 1668; she died Sept. 28, 1672; married, second, Mary Buffum Sept. 22, 1673; she was his wife in 1682; married, third, Dorothy Lord Oct. 31, 1707; he died about July, 1722; she died between 1733 and 1735; children: I. John3, born April 16, 1669; lived in Pennsylvania in 1733; living in 1735;
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FEDERATION OF THE COLONIES
for mercy then to Mr. Endecott for justice." Captain Trask was sentenced for neglecting training three times.
2. Mary3, born May II, 1670; unmarried in 1735; 3. Sarah3, born Nov. I, 1671; married Wilkins; and lived in Boston, his widow, in 1728; 4. Jeremiah3, born Sept. 25, 1674; 5. Abigail3; unmarried in 1735; of Boston in 1720 and 1724; 6. Lydia3, died before 1722; 7. Robert3; 8. Deborah3, born before 1681; lived in Boston in 1720; unmarried in 1735; married James Hughes; 9. Hannah3, born before 1690; married Charles Hooper ; IO. Mercy3; of Boston, unmarried, in 1720 and 1724; died before 1733. JOHN NEALE2; married Anne Nichols before 1673; died Nov. II, 1679; she married, secondly, William Starling (Sterling) of Haverhill, Mass .; they were afterwards of Lyme, Conn .; children : I. John3, born April 15, 1673; 2. Thomas3, born Feb. 14, 1675-6; fisherman; died about June, 1705; 3. Joseph3, born Feb. 14, 1675-6; fisherman; died about June, 1705; 3. Joseph", born Dec. 4, 1677; husbandman and mariner; lived in Salem in 1702 and in Scituate in 1705 and 1717; married Hannah Neale; 4. Rebecca3, born Feb. 23, 1679. JOSEPH NEALE2; joiner; removed to Newcastle, Pa., after 1710; married Judith Croade; she died before November, 1689; he died before Jan. 22, 1717-8; children : I. Judith®, born in 1682; died Feb. 25, 1697-8; 2. Lydia3; married Samuel Ropes; 3. Joseph3, born in 1689-90; 4. Hannah3; married Joseph Neale; 5. Mary3; married Anthony Green of Newcastle on the Delaware, Pa.
JEREMIAH NEALE3; housewright; married Elizabeth Small March 29, 1705; died in 1748; children: I. Jeremiah4 (twin), baptized June 4, 1710; living in 1748; 2. Lydia4 (twin), baptized June 4, 1710; 3. Benjamin, baptized in 1710; 4. John4, baptized June 10, I7II; of Burlington, N. J., carpenter, in 1748; 5. Hannah4, baptized May 25, 1712; 6. Jonathan4, bap- tized June 6, 1714. ROBERT NEALE3; fisherman; married Hannah Elson Nov. 6, 1712; died in 1723; she survived him; children: I. Mary4, bap- tized June 24, 1716; a cripple; spinster, of Salem, in 1746; 2. Hannah4, baptized Feb. 10, 1716-7; married Samuel Robinson; 3. Robert1, born Aug. II, 1718; 4. Benjamin+, born April 21, 1721. JOHN NEALE; mariner ; married Martha Skerry; died before February, 1699-1700; child :
I. Abigail4, baptized April 19, 1702; probably married Henry Elkins. JOSEPH NEALE3; cordwainer; married Eunice Pickering Dec. 10, 1724; died in I732; she married, secondly, William Pickering April 6, 1738; children : I. Joseph4, baptized Nov. 21, 1725; died young; 2. Eunice4, baptized May 28, 1727; married Benjamin Bacon; 3. Mary4, baptized April 5, 1730; married, first, Capt. John Foster of Manchester July 9, 1752; second, Rev. John Cleveland of Chebacco Parish, Ipswich.
JONATHAN NEALE4; husbandman and cordwainer ; married widow Mary Marston July 19, 1725; died in July, 1732; she was his widow in 1752; children : I. Jonathan", born about 1726; 2. David, born about 1730. ROBERT NEALE4; mariner ; married Katherine Daland Feb. 5, 1738-9; died in 1742; she married, secondly, David Boyce; children: I. Katherine5 (twin), baptized March 15, 1740-I; 2. Robert® (twin), baptized March 15. 1740-I; married Hannah Beckford in 1763; probably died in 1766; had a son Robert; 3. Hannah5, baptized Aug. 29, 1742. BENJAMIN NEALE4; cordwainer and mariner; married Lydia Begoe Oct. 4, 1742; died at sea about 1751; she married, secondly, Samuel Luscomb Aug. 20, 1752; children : I. Lydia5, born July 18, 1745; married Gedney King; 2. Robert5, born before 1748; married Betsey Lander Aug. 24, 1788; probably drowned at Alexandria in February, 1789.
JONATHAN NEALE"; husbandman and carter; married Annis (Anstiss) White; she was his wife in 1774; he fell from a wharf at night, in November, 1790, and was found the next morning dead; children : I.
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HISTORY OF SALEM
At the court, a week later. William Keine of Marblehead was fined three pounds for striking John Bartoll with a stone in his
Hannah6, born in 1750; married Joseph Smith May 20, 1776; 2. Lydia6, born in 1752; published to Isaac Osborn July 13, 1771; 3. Mary6, born in 1754; died, unmarried, May 7, 1827; 4. Jonathan®, born in 1756 (baptized Feb. 22, 1756) ; 5. Sarah6, baptized Dec. 4, 1757; married Joseph Gardner ; 6. Elizabeth6, born in 1758; died, unmarried, in 1770; 7. David, born in 1762 (baptized Aug. 1, 1762) ; 8. Abial®, baptized Oct. 28, 1764; married, first, Frederick Brown Oct. 28, 1794; second, John Fullington, Dec. 5, 1805; 9. BenjaminG, baptized April 12, 1767; 10. Joseph6, baptized Nov. 1I, 1770; died of lockjaw in May, 1789. CAPT. DAVID NEALES; master-mariner ; married Hannah Webb June 8, 1752; was knocked overboard by the main boom of his vessel and drowned in 1761; she died, his widow, Feb. 14, 1817, aged eighty-nine; children: 1. David®, born Oct. 1, 1752; died Aug. I, 1754; 2. Davids, baptized Oct. 6, 1754; died young; 3. David6, baptized Nov. 14, 1756; 4: Jonathan6, born Jan. 15, 1759-60; 5. Hannah®, baptized Feb. 8, 1761 ; married John Preston.
JONATHAN NEALE"; yeoman; married Mary Dowst Jan. 23, 1785; died July -. 18IT; she died April 30, 1815; children: I. Jonathan', born July 22, 1789; 2. Joseph7, born Dec. 30, 1815. DAVID NEALE6; fisherman ; married Mary (Elliott), widow of his brother Benjamin June 5, 1806; died Nov. 28, 1823; she died 13, 1861 children: 1. Benjamin Baldwin', born April 7, 1807; 2. David, born Dec. 7, 1808; lived in Concord, N. H .; married Mary Southwick May 5, 1836; died Sept. 7, 1844; had children ; 3. Elizabeth™, born Dec. 1, 1810; married Azor Hodgkins May 29, 1833; 4. Margaret J.", born Feb. 2, 1814; married John Lambert July -, 1843. BENJAMIN NEALES; mariner; married Mary Elliott April 25, 1793; died, "late from Calcutta," Aug. 17, 1801 ; she married, secondly, his brother David; children: 1. Elizabeth', born May 4, 1794; died Nov. 4, 1807; 2. Sarah", born May 8, 1796; married John Marks Nov. 3, 1816; 3. Mary7, born July II, 1798; married John G. Waters; 4. Benjamin7, born June 12, 1800; died Dec. 21, 1803. DAVID NEALE6; mariner ; married Martha Henfield; died about November, 1785; she married, secondly, John Dowst Nov. 26, 1789; child: 1. Hannah7, born in 1782; married, first. Asa Kilham Feb. 13, 1803: second, Stephen Richardson Nov. 28, 1813. CAPT. JONATHAN NEALES; commanded a privateer in the Revolution; master- mariner ; merchant; married, first, Mehitable Eden Jan. 11, 1784; she died Sept. 29, 1786; married, second, Hannah Ward May 29, 1791; she died Jan. 26, 1814; he died Oct. 9, 1837 ; children : 1. Mehitable7, born Nov. - , 1784; married Amos Choate May 26, 1833; 2. David Augustus', born June 7, 1793: 3. Nathan Ward', born Aug. 27, 1797; H. C., 1816; merchant ; president of Asiatic Bank; died, unmarried, Nov. 17, 1850; 4. William Henry7, born March 8, 1799; master-mariner; merchant; president of East India Marine Society ; married Sarah Roves (published Nov. 7. 1829) ; he died Jan. 17. 1851; she died June 14, 1884; no children; 5. Theodore Frederick7, born Nov. 3. 1802; died of yellow fever in Havana June 14, 1821. JONATHAN NEALE ; mason; married Eunice Buffum Nov. - , 1811 ; she (lied Dec. 24. 1842; he died Sept. 4, 1870; children: I. Marys, born April 12, 1812; married, first, James Ricker (Ritter) March 6, 1836; second, Josiah Moulton; 2. Eunice8, born April 22, 1815; married Asa L. Breed of Lynn Nov. 21, 1837; 3. Jonathans, born May 17, 1817; mason; living in 1860: 4. -- 8; died in infancy Oct. - , 1819; 5. Sarah Ann8, born Feb. 5. 1821 ; married Andrew Ober of Beverly; 6. Janes, born April 23, 1823; unmarried, of Salem, in 1869; 7. Esther Ann8, born April 17, 1825; married Alonzo Lewis in 1847; 8. Robert Buffum8, born Oct. 29, 1828; of California in 1869: 9. Williams, born April 3. 1830; died at sea March -, 1850;
[25
FEDERATION OF THE COLONIES
hand and swearing by the blood of God. Marblehead was fined ten shillings for want of a pair of stocks. "William Cantlebury called in question concerning the death of William Stark, ser- vant to Mr. Tho: Read who is gone to England and now was committed unto Mr. William Clark by Mr. Read's order to be with the said Cantlebury. And being now dead." James Hay- ward was then of Salem.
April 14, 1642, "A general fast was kept for our native country and Ireland and our own occasions."1
The spring began very early, and the weather was mild, but May and June were wet and cold.1 May 2, 1642, the town granted to Henry Reignolds2 a ten-acre Jonny Remotos lot near William King's.
IO. Henrys, born Sept. 26, 1832; of Salem, coach driver, 1855-1864; of Boston in 1869; II. Louisa®, born March 3, 1835; married William C. Cummings in 1856. JOSEPH NEALE'; mason; married Hannah C. Hutch- inson of Middleton Dec. 31, 1817; died Sept. 4, 1866; she died April 9, 1880; children: I. Hannah8, born Sept. 7, 1818; of Salem, unmarried, in 1856; 2. Elizabeth8, born July 21, 1820; of Salem, unmarried, in 1880; 3. Sarah H.s, born Sept. 28, 1822; died Dec. 3, 1823; 4. Caroline A.8, born May 10, 1824; died, unmarried, Jan. 3, 1881; 5. Joseph W.8, born Feb. 7, 1827; lived in Lodi, Cal., from 1866 to 1882; 6. Rufus B8., born March 9, 1829; lived in Lodi, 1866-1882; 7. Charles H.8, born Nov. 2, 1831; lived in Lodi, I868-1882; 8. George L.8, born Jan. 8, 1834; carpenter; of Salem in 1866; 9. Mary Ellen®, born Nov. 12, 1836; of Salem, unmarried, in 1866; 10. James Monroe, born Oct. 19, 1839; of Salem, mason, in 1854. CAPT. BENJAMIN BALDWIN NEALE'; master-mariner; married Martha South- wick of Danvers Nov. 9, 1842; living in Salem in 1851; she died April 13, 1873; child : I. William Silvers, born Aug. II, 1843. CAPT. DAVID
AUGUSTUS NEALE7; H. C., 1848; prisoner in Dartmoor prison; master- mariner ; merchant; president of Eastern Railroad; married Harriet Charlotte Price of Boston July 26, 1818; died Aug. 5, 1851; she survived him, and was living in 1864; children: I. Theodore Frederick8, born Dec. 18, 1822; died in infancy; 2. Theodore Augustus®, born March 23, 1827; 3. Harriet Charlotte8, born Feb. II. 1831; died March 17, 1837; 4. Margaret Maria8, born June 15, 1832; living at home in 1864; 5. Harriet Charlottes, born July 8, 1837; married Hon. Robert Samuel Rantoul.
WILLIAM SILVER NEALE8; in United States navy in 1864; formerly dealer in gents furnishings, and later vault officer in Merchants National Bank; married Rebecca Chapman Millett Dec. 12, 1871; she died Feb. 24, 1917; he died Dec. 24, 1924; children : I. Alice H.9, born Nov. 18, 1872; died April 24, 1873; 2. George Harding9, born Nov. 29, 1873; died Nov. 8, 1874; 3. William Francis9, born Feb. II, 1875; lives in Rochester. N. Y., unmarried. THEODORE AUGUSTUS NEALE8; merchant; married Elizabeth Boardman Whittridge May 31, 1849; died Oct. 26, 1881; children: I. Elizabeth Matingini Whittridge9, born March 10, 1850; married Frederick Rand Nourse; 2. Caroline Frothingham9, born April 20, 1855; of Beverly, unmarried, in 1881.
1Winthron's Journal, volume II, page 62.
2Henry Renolds, tailor, had a wife Sarah in 1642 and 1664. He lived in Salem as late as 1689.
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HISTORY OF SALEM
Richard Saltonstall sent a certain book to William Hathorne to be presented to the general court May 18, 1642, because of certain passages in it. The consideration of it was continued from court to court, and finally, Rev. Mr. Norris, "not suspect- ing the author, handled him somewhat sharply according to the merit of the matter."1
A ship was built at Salem this summer.2
For the making of gunpowder, the general court ordered, June 14. 1642, that each town should erect a building about twenty or thirty feet long and twenty feet wide, and the militia were to place therein once a year a sufficient quantity of earth, and twice a year or oftener the earth was to be by them stirred and removed from one end of the building to the other, and from the bottom to the top, mixing human and beasts' urine with goat, hen, hog or horse dung that must be brought to it "by the care- full & conscionable members of the comon wealth." More earth was ordered to be added until it was within two feet of the wall plate of the building, and the whole kept dry. Sept. 8, 1642, the general court repealed this order about salt peter, and instead re- quested the people to make it in poultry houses. Mr. Garford was appointed to look after this matter in Salem.
June 16, 1642, every town was ordered to choose one or two freemen, who should meet at Salem the next March to "consider & agree upon a certain number of the most able & fit men in this jurisdiction to bee put to nomination for magistrates at the next Co't of Elections."
A colonial rate of eight hundred pounds was made by Mr. Batter. John Saunders and eleven others. June 14, 1642. Salem's portion was seventy-five pounds; and was second in amount, Boston paying the highest sum.3
July 12. 1642, the Salem court ordered that Elizabeth John- son, servant of Joseph Yonge, be severely whipped and fined five pounds for stubbornness to her mistress, answering rudely, and for stopping her ears with her hands when "the word of God" was read.
July 21, 1642, "A general fast was kept by order of the gen- eral court and advice of some of the elders. The occasion was principally for the danger we conceived our native country was in, and the foul sins which had broken out among ourselves, &c."4
At a town meeting, Aug. 10. 1642, the town granted to Goodman Devenishe "an enlargement to be set out to his land
1Winthrop's Journal, volume II, page 64.
"Winthrop's Journal, volume II, page 65.
3Massachusetts Bay Colony Records, volume II, page 13. "Winthrop's Journal, volume II, page 72.
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near the mill"; and the seven men granted to Henry Bartholmew one hundred acres of upland and ten acres of meadow a little beyond Mr. Bishop's land; Samuel Edson twenty-five acres of land adjoining Humphrey Woodbury's farm in Mackerel Cove and two acres of meadow "where he can find that thereabout"; and John Scudder1 half an acre to build a house on and for other uses near his ten-acre lot in King's Cove.
Alexander Field, a cordwainer, appeared in Salem as early as 1642, and lived here as late as 1652.
FEDERATION OF THE COLONIES.
Intimations were received by the people in the colony that the Narragansett Indians had caused many sachems to unite with them in preparing " a general and bloody design of the Indians against all the English in the country," and that the Indians had secured guns and ammunition from "some of the English in the eastern parts." Such Indians as had agreed to be friendly with the settlers, and apparently had now broken their pact, were disarmed ; but as nothing tangible could be learned of an uprising, and the Indians appeared faithful, their guns were restored to them. Nevertheless, new evidence sustaining the fears of the settlers was frequently secured, and it was prudent to be watchful. Sept. 8, 1642, the general court, "considering the continuall dangers the inhabitants are in, by plots & conspiracies of the heathen," ordered that upon an alarm in any place the commander of the militia there might call his company together and "set them in offencive & defencive wayes, as there is occasion, against the enemy, according to their best wisdom." The alarm might be given by three discharges of a musket, or a continuous beat of the drum in the night, or firing a beacon, or by a discharge of a cannon in the night; and every trained soldier must respond immediately. Each town was also ordered to prepare a sufficient place of retreat for the women and children. If a settlement was attacked, its defence must be assisted in by the soldiers of an adjacent town, when they learned of it. Watches were to continue from sunset to sunrise, and be set and released by beat of the drum. Four barrels of powder
1THOMAS SCUDDER1 married Elizabeth -; died in June, 1658; she died in 1666; children: I. John2; 2. Thomas2; mariner in 1688; 3. Henry2; living in 1657; 4. Elizabeth2; married Henry Bartholomew; 5. William2.
JOHN SCUDDER2; currier; lived on Royall's Neck, in Salem; sold his house and land there in 1665, and removed to Southold L. I., that year ; married Mary King ; children : I. Mary3, baptized June II, 1648; 2. Hannah3, baptized Aug. 19, 1649; 3. 3 (daughter), baptized March 18, 1649-50. WILLIAM SCUDDER2; married Penelope -
-; was deceased in 1657; child . I. Thomas3; living in 1657.
I28
HISTORY OF SALEM
were sent to Salem. Nineteen days later, the general court ordered that a discharge of a musket shall be a signal for each sentinel to immediately go to each house in his section and awaken the people by crying "Arm! Arm!" The people must then be obedient to the order of the chief military officer in the town.
The colonies of New Haven and Connecticut were the most menaced apparently, and with Plymouth they sought to form a bond of union for mutual protection. At the sitting of the court above mentioned a committee was appointed to meet the commis- sioners from those three colonies "about the union, and concern- ing avoiding any danger of the Indians, and to have power to do herein what they shall find needful for common safety and peace." Apparently no meeting was held that winter and May roth following the general court appointed Governor Winthrop, Thomas Dudley, Simon Bradstreet, William Tynge, Edward Gibbon and William Hauthorne "to treat with our friends of Connecticut New Haven and Plymouth about a confederacy between us." A federation was formed, and called "The United Colonies of New-England." The articles of federation are dated May 19, 1643, and a complete copy is given in Bradford's History of Plymouth, pages 496-504. By these articles they "enter into a firm and perpetual league of friendship and amity, for offence and defence, mutual advice and succor upon all just occasions, both for preserving and propagating the truth of the Gospell, and for their own mutual safty and welfare." In everything concerning the common interest of the four colonies the federa- tion had authority, but the internal affairs of each colony were to be wholly within the jurisdiction of the respective colonies.1 Their regular meetings were held annually on the first Thursday of September. The governing body consisted of two commission- ers from each of the four colonies. May 29, 1644, the general court chose Simon Bradstreet and William Hathorne of Salem as the first commissioners, for one year. Winthrop called William Hathorne the principal man in disputes arising among the com- missioners of the United Colonies, though he was "a young man." Several statements made by Winthrop indicate some jealousy of Hathorne, and he wrote that Hathorne was young
1It is said that the articles of federation of the United States were fashioned upon these articles of federation of 1643. Like the senate of the United States, each of the colonies had two representatives; and these eight commissioners were given power to elect a president from among themselves. The right to declare war was in the federation, and the articles provided for extradition of criminals and for admission of new colonies. It is a document far ahead of its time, and a comparison of it with the Federal constitution shows the genius of its authorship.
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FEDERATION OF THE COLONIES
and both he and Bradstreet lived too far easterly to hold such po- sitions.1
The first annual meeting of the commissioners was held the following September at Hartford. The colonial treasury paid their expenses and furnished two men and four horses for their use during these engagements. Occasionally, there was friction between colony and federation; but it continued coexistent with the colonies, and resulted in good.
Sept. 19, 1642, in the midst of these deliberations relative to mutual defence of the colonies from attacks of the Indians, a messenger reached Salem with notice that Indians were about to attack the town. The alarm proved to be false, to the great relief of the people. Three days later, a fast was held on account of danger from the Indians.2
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