USA > Massachusetts > Norfolk County > Weymouth > Town annual report of Weymouth 1887 > Part 9
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478. 530.
1
1
2
1
1
1
Hawthorn
-
-
528.
1
1
I
-
1
Lovell
-
1
Common ...
-
-
-
205.
1
1
Norfolk.
.
4 1 2
2
2
3 1 29
Pine .
900.
7
1
5
1
1
1
799.
-
496
Myrtle
12
2
3
1
2,150.
3 - 2
1
2
-
-
1,792.
Phillips
-
-
941.
2
495.
-
-
-
1221223 2
1
1
2
589.7
1
10
6
9
SCHEDULE OF PIPES AND FIXTURES LAID TO DEC. 31, 1887. - Concluded.
LENGTH AND SIZE OF CAST AND WROUGHT IRON PIPE LAID.
GATES SETS.
STREETS.
20 in.
18 in.
14 in.
12 in.
10 in.
8 in.
6 in.
4 io.
2 in. 2
1} in.
1 in.
20 in.
18 in.
14 in.
12 in.
10 in.
8 in.
6 in.
4 in.
2 in.
1} in.
Air Valves.
Hydrants.
P. W., off Ford's Ave ..
Charles. .
Grove
-
330.
230.
264.
Reed's Ave.
606.2
435.4
284.
River ..
3,881.
614.
Sea .
1,466.7
Shaw .
675.2 1,631.6
1 4
Shawmut .
Station Ave.
754.2
240.
1
I
Sterling. .
395.5
Stetson
855.5
4,208.3
Torrey's Ave ..
947.
1
Torrey ...
Tremont .
504.4
1
1
1
4
2
1
1
-
-
599.6
2
6
2
3
1
I
1
3
At Pumping Station ... ..
25.
217.5 140.
-
3
Hydrant Connections. .
3,902.1
-
252.8
145.
-
-
-
-
250.
2,092.5
20,679.5
19,087.8
30,905.2
32,108.2
103,079.
1,380.
8,600.6
11,390.8
1,029.
1
1
11
28
36
51
165
8
16
28
6
303
I
I
1
1
-
-
-
1
1
1
Rice's Ave.
Richmond.
1,183.
3
1
3
School ..
116.
150.
Station
Sterling Ave ..
Summer ..
1,904.
1
-
1,043.
Union. ..
1,785.8
426.8
1,375.7
Vine. .
Walnut Ave ..
551.2
Washburn
1,679.8
2,198. 927.
2,040.2
Water.
Webb.
450.
1
West .
1,543.5
1
2
At Stand Pipe ..
Blow-Off's.
-
-
14 1
Washington.
1,310.4
2
-
174
-
235.
442.6
215.
Randolph ..
1
1
1
1
Union Ave.
1
6
.
175
DISTRIBUTION PIPES AND GATES LAID TO DEC. 31, 1887.
Size.
Cast-iron pipe.
Wrought-iron pipe.
Gates.
20 inches diameter.
250.
feet.
1
18
66
2,092.5
66
1
14
66
20,679.5
66
11
12
66
19,087.8
66
28
10
66
30,905.2
66
36
S
66
66
32,108.2
66
51
6
66
66
103,079.
66
165
1,380.
66
8
2
66
66
8,600.6 feet.
16
11,390.8 “
28
1
66
1,029.
209,582.2 feet.
21,020.4 feet.
345
230,602.6, total number of feet.
2 12-inch check-valves.
43.674 .4
66 miles.
1 14-inch
345 gates.
6 automatic air-valves.
303 hydrants.
STOCK.
MAIN PIPE.
1 length 20-inch pipe, weight per length
. 2,400 lbs.
1
66
18
4
66
14
66
66
66
66
66
66
. 1,111 66
4
66
12
66
66
66
66
66
66 '
66
66
766 “
16
66
10
66
66
66
66
.6
641 557
66
34
66
8
8
60
66
66
66
66
529
66
2
66
8
66
66
66
66
66
. 502
66
9
66
8
66
66
66
66
6.
475
66
2
66
6
66
66
66
66
377 66
4
8
66 curve.
1
10
' 66
66
66
. 1,396 "
5
66
14
66
66
66
66
. 1,004 " 885 6
2
66
12
10
66
66
1
66
·
66
. 6
66
66
. 1,191 "
4
66
66
82
66 66
176
TEES.
CROSSES.
1 10 x 10 × 10.
1
12 × 12 × 12 × 6.
12 x 12 x 6 x 6.
2
6 × 6 × 6.
10 x 10 x 10 x 10. 1
8 x 8 x8x8. 1
REDUCERS.
1 8 x 8 x 6 x6.
1
12 to 6.
1
6 x 6 x 6 x 6.
SLEEVES (with shoulder).
SLEEVES (smooth).
2 14-inch.
2
18-inch.
2 12-inch.
2
14-inch.
3 10-inch.
3 8-inch.
14 6-inch.
8
8-inch.
18
6-inch.
PLUGS.
GATES.
2 12-inch.
1
10-inch.
1
8-inch.
3 6-inch.
SERVICE PIPES.
We have had eight leaks, two of these were defect in nipple and six in lead joints.
Two hundred and forty-seven (247) service pipes have been laid this year, as follows : -
IRON.
216 &-inch diameter, 5,315.5 feet.
2 4-inch diameter . 77 feet.
22 1-inch 66 576. “ 1 1-inch 31
5 12-inch 66 185. "
1 2-inch
22. "
6,098.5 feet.
Total number of feet
108 feet. 6,206.5
6 8 x 8 x 6.
1
LEAD.
1
14-inch.
4 12-inch.
2 10-inch.
177
Thirteen hundred and eighteen (1,318) service pipes have been laid to date ; of these, there are eighteen (18) that the water has not been let in. Number feet of each size laid, as follows : -
1,165 &-inch diameter
. 28,377.5 feet.
131 1-inch .6
3,625.5 " 420.5 66
12 12-inch 66
.
9 2-inch 66
.
193.5
1 4-inch 66
18.
Total length of service pipe
32,635 feet
Number miles of service pipe .
6,180
.
Two hundred and eighty-five (285) 'water-takers have been added this year, making total number to date, thirteen hundred and eighty-seven (1,387) ; of these, thirty-one (31) have been discon- tinued, and two (2) shut off for non-payment of rent.
SCHEDULE OF WATER-TAKERS.
Dwellings .
1,135
Public library
1
Families
1,343
Ice-houses
2
Boarding-houses
10
Laundries .
3
Hotels
1
Manufactories 31
Churches .
9
Slaughter-houses
1
Public halls
2
Private stables . 99
Private halls
5
Livery and express
stables 11
Engine houses
4
Truck stables 5
Greenhouses
2
Cemeteries .
5
Depots
3
Street-wat'rng st'dpipes
2
Stores
.
5
Sill-cocks 590
Offices
.
1
Motors
3
Markets
3
Meters
3
Barber shops
7
Maximum rates . 31
Bakeries
2
Public fountains
8
Restaurants
.
2
Hydrants .
303
Saloons
3
.
28
Lawn hydrants 82
Schoolhouses
15
Banks
.
178
NUMBER OF FIXTURES.
Faucets
1.674
Bath-tubs . 48
Hand hose
672
| Water-closets
55
I subjoin the following tables showing record of consumption, etc., all of which is respectfully submitted.
GEO. J. REIS,
Superintendent.
ENGINEER'S REPORT.
To the Weymouth Water Board :
GENTLEMEN, - I respectfully submit the following for the year ending Dec. 31, 1887 : -
The pumps at present are in good working order. We cleaned the pumps in the spring, turned over the valves, packed the plung- ers, and set up the springs. In October we turned the packing on the vacuum pump-plunger. Have pumped for two fires during the year ; one, June 13, the other, Nov. 14.
The following table shows the amount of water pumped, coal consumed, etc. : -
RECORD OF PUMPING FOR THE YEAR ENDING DEC. 31, 1887.
MONTHS.
Separate Days
Pumping.
No. of Hours
Total Gallons
Pumped.
Qts.
Pts.
Total Lift in
No. Lbs.
Wood.
No. Lbs.
No. Lbs.
Ashes.
Duty done per
100 Lbs. Coal.
January
31
73
35
3.674,615
5
120
200
17,150
2,011
560,153,737
February.
28
78
55
4,078,920
8
118
400
17,525
2,052
544,339,510
March .
28
9
15
1,246,175
3
11
118
378
13,650
1,131
381,978,445
May
31
46
30
2,282,517
6
118
180
13,800
1,162
486,697,213
June
30
67
10
3.272,160
6
1
118
365
14,625
1,175
616,754,057
July
31
79
30
3,966,585
5
118
180
17,975
1,454
627,339,203
August ..
'31
48
50
2,309,615
14
118
180
13,970
1,126
489,878 847
September
30
70
15
3,390,940
8
11
119
180
16,700
1,344
489,842,419
October
31
55
40
2,411,675
8
1
121
170
15,050
1,210
441,833,954
November.
30
31
5.5
1,443,470
7
1
121
140
12,950
1,042
337,300,859
December.
31
33
35
1,411,545
12
121
170
14,900
1,197
315,179,105
Total.
361
668
06
31,766,867
77
1
2,723
181,695
16,200
5,538,976,210
AVERAGE
53
10
2,647,239
119
15,141
461,581,351
56
2,278,650
4
118
180
13,400
1,296
247,678,861
April.
29
42
Pumping.
OIL.
feet.
Coal.
H.
M.
179
RECORD OF PUMPING FOR WHOLE TOWN.
MONTIIS.
Separate Days
Pumping.
No. of Hours
Pumping.
Total Gallons
Oil.
Total Lift in
Feet.
No. lbs. Wood.
No. Ibs. Coal.
No. lbs. Ashes.
Duty done per 100 lbs. Coal.
HI.
M.
Qts.
Pts.
January .
13
60
30
3,088,295
3
February
13
65
55
3,458,930
6
1
September
5
41
15
2,021,705
1
1
122 120 120 121
200
9,750 11,300 6.350 2,150
1,142 1,324 510 173
403,714,181 396,635,925 160,396,533 65,017,248
October.
2
15
30
695,520
1
Total
33
183
10
9,264,450
12
200
29,550
3,149
1,025,763,887
Pumped.
Respectfullly submitted,
GEORGE W. SARGENT, Engineer.
NEW SCHOOLHOUSE, WARD TWO.
The Committee appointed by the town to erect a six-room school- house in Ward 2, having procured plans and specifications from S. S. Woodcock, architect, of Boston, contracted with Isaac H Cushing, of Hingham, to put in the foundation and build the house, for the sum of $10,900. They also contracted with A. H. Andrews, of Boston, for the seats, desks, chairs, and clocks. With the Winchester Furniture Company, for the blackboards, 10 be of Pennsylvania slate, and with Rich & Marble, of Hingham, for two of J. F. Pease's combination heaters, guaranteed to heat the rooms to the satisfaction of the Committee. The house was completed and occupied by the schools at the commencement of the fall term, the first of September, the several contractors having completed their work at the time agreed upon, and to the satisfac- tion of the Committee.
The amount appropriated by the town was . $17,000 00 Expended by the Committee to Jan. 1, 1888 . 16,104 27
Unexpended balance $895 73
There were some bills which were not received in season to go into this report, and in consequence of an accident to Mr. Evans, work on the yard was not finished, but it is estimated that the un- expended balance will be sufficient to complete the work, and we recommend that the Committee be continued for that purpose.
Respectfully submitted,
Z. L. BICKNELL,
For the Committee.
WEYMOUTH, Jan. , 1, 1888.
REPORT OF THE SCHOOL COMMITTEE.
The School Committee of Weymouth respectfully submit to the citizens of the town their annual report.
The sum appropriated at the annual town meeting for the sup- port of schools was as follows : -
From Jan. 1, 1887, to April 1, 1887, in-
cluding Superintendent . $10,400 00
From April 1, 1887, to April 1, 1888 .
·
. 32,000 00
For Superintendent of Schools, from April 1, 1887, to April 1, 1888 . . $1,800 00 .
To which was added income Pratt Fund $300 00.
One half Dog License Fund
475 82
Alewife Fund .
252 00
State School Fund
133 81
Unexpended balance last year
1 16
$1,162 79
$45,362 79
EXPENDITURES.
Superintendent . . $1,800 00
Salaries of teachers
. 23,559.50
Text-books and school supplies
· 2,846 76
Fuel, janitors, and cleaning
4,701 61
Repairs
2,215 07
Miscellaneous
1,363 84
Incidentals
409 20
Truant.officer
31 25
Balance unexpended for support of schools to April 1,
. 1888
8,435 56
$45,362 79
Mr. Orrin B. Bates, who for some years has been an efficient member of our Board, resigned his office Oct. 28, 1887, and at a joint meeting of the Board of Selectmen and this Board, held on 13 1
182
Nov. 14, 1887, Rev. Julian S. Wadsworth was elected to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Mr. Bates.
Your Committee closed in April the mixed school at the Town House, and have paid for the conveyance of the scholars to Ward 3, at an expense of $4.00 per week. We also have abolished the position of assistant in the Adams School, and have paid for the conveyance of several grammar scholars to the Athens Grammar School, all of which we consider of much benefit to the scholars and in the line of economy.
Our schools for the past year have been continued under the care and supervision of our able and efficient Superintendent, Gilman C. Fisher. They have given us entire satisfaction, and we may truly add that the high standard to which our schools have attained is due to his unwearied and persistent labors in their be- half. For a better knowledge of their condition we would refer you to his report.
CHANGES OF TEACHERS.
Miss Edith A. Parkhurst, first assistant in the North High, ten- dered her resignation early in the year to accept a position in the Roxbury High School, at a greatly increased salary, and Miss Carrie B. Morse, a graduate of Wellesley and a teacher of some ex- perience, was secured to fill her place.
Miss Mabel S. Robbins, second assistant in the North High, tendered her resignation at the close of the summer term to enter Boston University, and Miss Emma C. Fisher, a graduate of the Bridgewater Normal, four years' course, and valedictorian of her class, was elected to that position.
These have been the only changes in our high schools during the year.
In Ward 1, Miss Annie F. Hayden, of the Athens Intermediate, and Mrs. Emma F. Taylor, of the Athens Primary, resigned. Mrs. Ella M. Spinney was promoted to the former position, and Miss Addie M. Canterbury elected to the latter, after it had been held for a time by Misses Cushing and Messer, as substitutes. Miss Clara F. Prentiss, a graduate of the Bridgewater Normal, two years' course, was elected to succeed Mrs. Spinney.
183
On the resignation of Miss Mabel J. Thayer, of the Adams Grammar, the school being too small for the employment of two teachers, the grammar pupils were transferred to the Athens School, and Miss Lillian H. Burrill, formerly assistant, retained as teacher of the lower grade.
In Ward 2, Mr. Wm. H. Furber resigned the principalship of the Franklin School to accept a professorship in Dean Academy, and was succeeded by Mr. Edward L. Atkinson, who, at the close of the summer term, resigned to enter Harvard. Mr. Wm. F. Sayward, the present principal, succeeded him. Mrs. A. A. Cun- ningham was employed as substitute to fill the vacancy in Franklin 2d Grammar, caused by Miss Lucy G. Tucker resigning, and was succeeded at close of summer term by Miss Julia M. Talbot, pro- moted from Bicknell Intermediate. The following promotions and transfers also took place : Miss Brit. E. Harlow, from the Middle Street Intermediate to Bicknell Intermediate; Miss Mary A. Dee, from Middle Street Primary to Middle Street Intermediate ; Miss Martha J. Hawes, from Franklin Primary to Middle Street Primary ; and Miss Sadie J. Holbrook, from the Centre School, in Ward 4, to Franklin Primary.
In Ward 3, Miss Mary J. Moore resigned her position in Hunt 3d Grammar to accept a more remunerative one at North Easton, and Miss Hattie E. Darcy, of the 2d Intermediate, was promoted to succeed her. Miss Helena M. Callahan, of the Tufts 3d Primary, was promoted to succeed Miss Darcy, and Miss Mary E. Crotty, a graduate of the Quincy Training School, was elected to succeed Miss Callahan. Miss Angie M. Fearing, of the Tufts 1st Primary, resigned to enter the Bridgewater Normal, and Miss Hattie L. Reed, of the 2d Primary, was promoted to the Howe In- termediate, in Ward 5. Miss Anne B. Hunt was elected to suc- ceed the former, and Miss Helen L. Rockwood to succeed the latter.
In Ward 4, Miss Ellena S. Spilsted resigned her position as teacher of the Holbrook School, and is now filling a more lucrative one at North Adams. She was succeeded by Miss Fannie E. Hawes.
In Ward 5, Mr. Philip Emerson resigned the principalship of
184
the Bates School, and is now principal of a grammar school in Fitchburg. Mr. Atherton N. Hunt, a graduate of Harvard, suc- ceeded him. Miss Lizzie L Whitman, of the Bates 3d Gram- mar, resigning on account of ill-health, was succeeded by Miss Jennie M. Allen, a graduate of the Randolph, Vt., Normal School.
Mrs. M. A. Morrill, of the Howe Intermediate, owing to ill- health, was obliged to resign her position, and was succeeded by Miss Reed. Mrs. Morrill had been a teacher in Weymouth for nearly twenty seven years, had done most efficient work, and was greatly heloved by her pupils.
There have been twelve new teachers elected during the year, and nine transferred to other positions.
REPAIRS ON SCHOOLHOUSE.
In Ward 1, a new underpinning was put under the River School- house, the bank in front of the schoolhouse was graded and sod- ded, a new platform and steps were built, and the building painted outside. The out-buildings were also painted and repaired. At the Athens School, the blackboards were repainted and minor re- pairs and improvements made. At the Adams School, Great Pond water was introduced.
In Ward 2, the partition between the recitation rooms at the Franklin School was removed, and the portion of the schoolhouse yard sloping towards Putnam Street was graded and sodded. Somewhat extensive repairs of the furnace were rendered necessary, and water was carried into the cellar.
In Ward 3, water was introduced into the Tufts School, and a portion of the North High School yard was graded and sodded.
In Ward 4, water was introduced into the Shaw School (both buildings), and the yard of the Pratt School having been enlarged, it was necessary to relocate the face wall and side fence, and fill in.
In Ward 5, no extensive repairs or alterations have been made, although there have, of course, been in all the wards many minor repairs not enumerated above.
We would earnestly renew the recommendations of last year,
185
that better heating apparatus be provided for some of our school- houses. The old-fashioned stoves work badly and the furnaces are generally inadequate. We would recommend a combination of 1 steam and furnace heat similar to that provided for the new building.
It seems desirable to begin a complete renovation of school-room walls the coming year, and, by tinting them and otherwise improv- · ing them, to make them more attractive. Many of them are badly discolored and in a very unsightly condition. Such improved methods of ventilation as are practicable should be introduced. The blackboards in many of the rooms are in a very bad condition and must be re-slated at once. A number of the out-buildings need remodelling, and those for the Bates School should be entirely renewed. The Franklin schoolhouse yard should be raised to the proper grade, and two or more of the schoolhouses painted. New furniture is needed for the Bicknell . and Shaw Schools. A new floor and other improvements are required at the Pond School.
NEW SCHOOLHOUSE AT EAST WEYMOUTH.
We take pleasure to record the completion and occupation of a six-room schoolhouse in Ward 2, thereby dispensing with the use of the old buildings on Grant, Pleasant, School, and High streets, the latter three being sold at public auction and the proceeds turned into the town treasury. The new building, of substantial work- manship, is fully equipped with furniture of the most improved and serviceable kind ; is heated with two Economy furnaces, and ventilated with a combination attached to the system. It can ac- commodate 336 pupils, and will, no doubt, supply the needs of that section of the ward for some years to come.
Recognizing the wisdom and justice of the town in appropriating an amount of money for such a building, and in such a locality, we earnestly recommend the erection of a four-room building in the vicinity of Shaw's Corner. At present, and for some time past, the building at that place is, and was, wholly unfit for use as a schoolhouse. It is small, poorly ventilated, and difficult to keep warm in the winter months. The whole building, externally and
186
internally, is not what we require for a schoolhouse, and is, with- out question, the most unsightly and uninviting school building in the whole town. Again, the demand for a larger building in that part of the ward is daily becoming manifest.
MUSIC.
The question relating to the introduction of vocal music into our public schools has long agitated the public mind, and has received the thoughtful and earnest consideration of all our citizens.
For a number of years our town has stood almost alone among the cities and towns of this Commonwealth, of the same number of inhabitants, which has not placed vocal music in their school curri- culum. Last September a sub-committee was appointed to make an examination of the different systems of musical instruction, and to take into consideration the question whether or not we should introduce vocal music into our schools. After making a careful examination of the different systems, and visiting a number of the Boston schools, that committee, on the twenty-eighth day of Octo- ber last, submitted the following report : -
Vocal music, we believe, has as legitimate a place in the school curriculum as arithmetic or geography. The training of the ethical side of a child's nature must go hand in hand with the development of the mind and the cultivation of the intellect. Music acts upon the æsthetical sensibilities as mathematical reasoning upon the mind, calling them into full play, and, if systematically. treated, developing them to their full capacity. Again, from the mathe- matical side purely, music is exceedingly valuable as a thought stimulant. When the subject is properly presented to the child- mind it causes that mind to act quickly, to think and calculate readily, and to exercise its powers in no small degree.
To think tones readily and at will is a very great power, which, if properly exercised, solves the whole question of music. The mathe- matical calculations made use of in the transpositions and modula- tions of the keys of the scale must be certain and accurate. The diatonic, chromatic, and other scales made use of by musicians in the work of composition, are more or less intricate, and require
187
complete attention and concentration of mind on the part of the pupil who would master them.
As a means of mental discipline then, music is seen to have a positive value. From the practical side, vocal music has as great or greater value than almost any subject taught in the schools to- day. To sing at sight is a great accomplishment, to sing at all is of much value. Music goes into the church, the house, the social circle, to bless, to ennoble, to stimulate the best emotions, and to educate and direct them into proper channels. The children of the poor, who are deprived of such private tuition in music as the more fortunate obtain, receive, when this subject is taught in the schools, a training that goes with them during their whole lives. Music in the home, however humble, is worth everything. As a means of discipline in the schools music has been thought to hold no inferior place. Said a noted educator, " When your children get tired and restless from long study or exacting recitations, do not scold them or use the rod to correct, but let them sing, and you will find the results most excellent."
HOW SHALL MUSIC BE TAUGHT?
The importance of the subject itself having been shown, the question comes as to how it can most practically and economically be introduced and taught. No school work is good for much that is not regular and systematic. It must have its time in the school programme and be attended to when its time arrives. The work must proceed according to a well-regulated system. Music must be as scientifically taught as any other branch of study, if we are to expect good results from it. The regular teachers must be trained to do the work well and with as little friction as they do their other work. A special teacher for a time seems to be a necessity. His work would be : First, to meet the regular teachers and give them special instruction. Second, to give model lessons in the schools. Third, to have (under the direction of the Superintendent of Schools) general supervision of the whole work. In Boston the city is divided into five districts. Each instructor has about two hun- dred and fifty school-rooms under his charge. He cannot visit these
188
oftener than once a month, but the teachers receive from him dur- ing his visits, instruction as to how his plans shall be carried out during his absence. Ten minutes in the morning and ten in the afternoon are given to the work by the regular teachers. A visit to the Boston schools showed us that pupils in the upper classes of the grammar schools and all the classes of the high schools which we inspected (they were the Dwight Grammar, under charge of Prof. Carey, and the Girls' High School, under charge of Prof. Sharland) could read easily at sight and sing with nice expression and very pleasing tone the musical compositions placed before them. This, bear in mind, is the result of a most excellent system.
WHAT SYSTEM SHALL WE USE ?
We come now to the consideration of a most important question, for there are several systems of music before the public, each of which has its zealous advocates. After looking over the field care- fully, your Committee have come to the conclusion that the Na- tional Series, or the one now in use in the Boston schools, is the best for our use, and for the following reasons : First, it is more progressive and more strictly scientific than any other that we know. The child is trained according to the most approved peda- gogical principles from his first introduction to the study to the end of the course. The great German teacher, Hohmann, was the father of this system, and the distinguished American teacher, Luther Whiting Mason, adapted it to the needs of the American schools. The Normal course, which has been urged upon our attention, has no chart corresponding to the first chart of the National course, and neglects to do the most important work of the whole course, viz., - the training of the young voice by care- ful and intelligent rote singing. Again, the National course begins with the child's voice at the key of G instead of C, as is done by the other or Normal course. We find by careful inquiry that the pitch of G is thought to be much better for the young voice than that of C, for when the voice of the young child is thrown down into the chest, as it is when C is taken as the pitch, the voice is always injured.
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Second, the music of the National course is from the best authors of the world, while the music of the other course is largely written by one man. Third, many of the exercises of the Normal charts and books are rythmically incorrect. The law is that music should be written in measures of four or some multiple of four. This law the National course constantly recognizes, while the Nor- mal violates it frequently. The large cities of the country use the National course, and speak highly of its worth. The following are some of the Massachusetts cities that are using it: Boston, Somerville, Chelsea, Cambridge, Lynn, Salem, Haverhill, Law- rence, Lowell, Worcester, etc. Fifth, the National course con- tains more material and is thirty-three and one-third per cent cheaper as to price.
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