USA > Massachusetts > Bristol County > Fairhaven > Town annual report of the offices of Fairhaven, Massachusetts 1903 > Part 4
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The special studies taught in the Rogers school annex have been carried on through the year with gratifying suc- cess. The expense has been met by private resources, and has not been any cost to the town.
As an illustration of the practical value of the instruction in cookery, we would mention the dinner proffered by the school committee to the committees of the other towns in the district, when an elaborate dinner of several courses was entirely prepared and served by pupils of the cooking school.
6
The actual amount raised for all school purposes last year was $15,750; the amount needed this year, cutting the figures as close as we possibly can, is $16,750. By exam- ining the tables of expenditures the reason for the increased amount is apparent, the only increase being in transporta- tion and in pay of teachers to look after the pupils, the teachers having from 35 to 55 in a room.
There is a probability that our revenue from the state will be seriously diminished, since by characteristic meddling and unjust interference, the legislature has enacted a bill taking the income of state funds from cities and towns above a certain valuation and increasing the donation to country . towns, making the prosperous communities pay the school expenses of less enterprising localities.
Such socialism may be popular in the favored communi- ties, but it is a hardship upon us, and in accordance with the statute passed in the last session of the legislature, we shall lose the whole of our income from the division of the state school funds.
THOMAS A. TRIPP, Chairman. GEORGE W. STEVENS, GEORGE H. TRIPP, JOSEPH K. NYE, JOB C. TRIPP, JOSEPH PETTEE, JR.
7
EXPENDED, 1903
ESTIMATES 1904
Salaries, Teachers and Superintendent,
$11,327.75
$11,900.00
Janitors,
1,649.00
1,650.00
Fuel,
1,201.05
1,000.00
Repairs,
1,006.91
750.00
Transportation,
965.75
1,300.00
Books and Supplies,
804.19
750.00
Incidentals,
828.89
700.00
$17,783.54
$18,050.00
Amount estimated for 1904,
$18,050.00
Amount expended in 1903,
17,783.54
Increase in estimates over 1903,
$266.46
Amount received from State school fund, High school tuition, etc., in 1903, but not available in 1904, 753.14
Additional amount needed, $1,019.60
8
REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS
To the School Committee of Fairhaven :
GENTLEMEN :- I have the honor of submitting to you my third annual report concerning the progress and condition of the schools under your management.
As Secretary of your Board, I also include a detailed financial statement of the receipts and disbursements in the various departments, together with the usual statistics relating to enrollment, attendance, etc. Appended to this report will be found the special reports of the Supervisors of Music, Drawing and Sewing, as well as reports from the instructors in Manual Training and Cooking.
ยท
SCHOOL GARDENS
9
SCHOOL CALENDAR
1904
Monday, January 4-All schools re-open.
Monday, February 22- Washington's Birthday.
Friday, March 25-All schools close.
SPRING VACATION
Monday, April 4-All schools re-open.
Tuesday, April 19-Patriots Day.
Monday, May 30-Memorial Day.
Thursday, June 23-High School graduation.
Friday, June 24-Grammar School graduation.
SUMMER VACATION
Monday, September 5-Labor Day.
Tuesday, September 6-All schools open.
Thursday, November 24-25-Thanksgiving holidays.
Friday, December 23-All schools close.
CHRISTMAS VACATION
1905
Monday, January 2-High school re-opens. Monday, January 9-All other schools re-open. Wednesday, February 22-Washington's Birthday.
10
FINANCIAL STATEMENT
Dr.
PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Cr.
Receipts : Balance, Feb. 15, 1903, Appropriation, 1903, High school tuition, Selectmen, ('Typewriter), County,
Expenditures :
$ 50 Teachers,
$10,427 75
15,750 00 Janitors,
1,649 00
155 75 Superintendent,
900 00
50,00
Transportation,
965.75
552 29
Fuel,
1,201 05
State, on acct. of Supt., State school fund,
750 00 Books and supplies,
804 19
547 39
Repairs,
1,006,91
Incidentals,
828 89
$17,783 54
Balance on hand,
22 39
$17,805 93
$17,805 93
11
FINANCIAL STATEMENT
Dr. PEASE FUND
Cr.
Receipts :
Expenditures :
Central School Supply House,
$100 00
Dividends from Trustee,
Oliver Typewriter Co.,
60 00
Rand, McNally & Co.,
59 80
Milton Bradley Co., Ginn & Co.,
26 96
F. S. Brightman Co.,
3.10
E. B. Swift,
1 00
D. Appleton & Co.,
16.64
$271 10
Balance unexpended,
3.05
$274 15|
$274 15
Balance on hand, Feb. 15, 1903.
$1 83
272 32
3.60
12
TEACHERS' SALARIES
Will A. Charles, A. B., High School (Prin.) $1,050.00
Ruby L. Rich, A. B.,
609.00
Jessie M. Barbour, A. B.,
288.75
Margery C. Bruce, 66 262.50
Ada E. Harris,
262.50
Anna B. Trowbridge,
" music,
490.75
Ethel R. Browne, drawing,
333.75
Sara B. Clarke,
Rogers School (Prin.) 650.00
Emma M. Davis,
200.00
Mae S. Shirley,
200.00
Bertha G. Atkins,
398.50
Mattie L. Morris,
400.00
Grace M. Ricker,
200.00
Effie B. Wallace,
320.00
Florence B. Fitz,
200.00
Alice B. Landers,
80 00
Lucretia F. Hatch,
200.00
Mary P. Story,
198.50
Laura C. King,
" Substitute,
116.25
Olive M. Lermond,
80.00
Grace D. Wixon,
" Annex,
390.00
Retta R. Barrett,
66
398.50
Mary A. S. Sale,
400.00
Myra D. Crowell,
Oxford School, (Prin.)
475.00
Lelia A. Boothby,
200.00
Beatrice P. Boothby,
118.50
Ilda T. Pope,
50.00
Bertha M. Hamblin,
399.25
Sarah L. Burleigh,
180.00
Elsie M. Pope,
New Boston School,
390.00
Clara M. Smith,
Naskatucket School, 322.50
Mrs. Grace N. Allen, Substitute,
58.50
Lucie A. Metcalf,
398.50
13
Gertrude L. Snow, Substitute,
$15.75
Mrs. Estelle Reynolds,
6.00
Mrs. Bertha Maxfield,
5.25
Mrs. Ella M. Blossom,
1.50
Mrs. E. Manchester, Jr., care at noon,
78.00
$10,427.75
JANITORS
J. H. Hanna,
$600.00
A. J. Jenney,
480.00
H. F. Chandler,
275.00
W. P. Macomber,
200.00
Elmer C. Howard,
40.00
Frank Vohnoutka,
36.00
Katherine Vohnoutka,
13.80
G. W. Stevens,
4.20
$1,649.00
TRANSPORTATION
Union Street Railway Co.,
$453.25
Geo. L. Hiller, Jr.,
400.00
Mrs. A. L. Mackie,
112.50
$965.75
FUEL
J. C. Tripp, agent,
$1,146.19
Denison Bros.,
16.00
David Duff & Son,
4.10
Geo. P. Randall,
25.76
Henry T. Howard,
9.00
$1,201.05
14
BOOKS AND SUPPLIES
J. L. Hammett Co.,
$318.30
F. S. Brightman,
5.60
Bliss & Nye,
1.44
Milton Bradley Co.,
5.20
American Book Co.,
54.76
The Pairpoint Corporation,
2.00
Benjamin H. Sanborn,
59.01
Dixon Pencil Co.,
37.50
Ideal Busy Work Co.,
5.40
Geo. W. King,
6.70
Oliver Ditson,
3.24
E. E. Babb & Co.,
131.67
Ginn & Co.,
25.20
Maynard Merrill & Co.,
22.84
Smith Premier Typewriter Co.,
7.85
D. C. Heath & Co.,
34.30
H. S. Hutchinson & Co.,
2.63
James E. Blake,
22.76
S. P. & S. H. Willcox,
16.21
H. F. Wilde,
3.80
Thompson, Brown & Co.,
23.60
C. S. & B. Cummings,
3.63
L. E. Knott Apparatus Co.,
10.55
$804.19
REPAIRS
C. F. Hacker,
$25.95
Z. W. Dodge,
112.13
Geo. W. King,
3.48
Wood, Brightman & Co.,
3.00
Thomas M. Hart & Co.,
4.77
C. F. Delano,
162.55
E. W. Forrest,
43.61
15
H. H. Hathaway,
$121.65
A. W. Perkins,
22.37
M. P. Whitfield,
210.63
J. L. Hammett Co.,
22.62
Chamberlin Weather Strip Co.,
123.74
Bristol Builders Supply Co.,
5.93
C. F. Wing,
2.70
Henry T. Aikin,
7.08
B. Taber,
127.00
Wm. L. Kelley,
3.50
Arthur Hammond,
1.50
G. R. Valentine,
2.70
$1,006.91
INCIDENTALS
Fairhaven Water Co.,
$392.53
So. Massachusetts Telegraph and Telephone Co.,
18.46
H. F. Wilde,
3.29
Alfred Nye,
33.64
C. S. & B. Cummings,
5.66
C. J. Peters & Son,
24.45
Bliss & Nye,
16.79
E. Anthony & Sons,
23.37
Hatch & Co.,
16.65
Packard Hardware Co.,
3.64
J. B. Peck,
2.00
A. J. Shooks,
6.00
Antone Sylvia,
4.00
C. F. Cushing,
50
Thomas Hersom & Co.,
13.75
Fairhaven Iron Foundry Co.,
75
Louis Nickerson,
4.50
W. C. Stoddard,
3.00
C. J. Becker,
10.25
16
Geo. T. Lloyd, $1.93
W. F. Church,
2.85
The Pairpoint Corporation,
3.05
A. B. Trowbridge,
6.50
Samuel A. Elliott,
28.00
Howard & Brown,
25.20
Western Union Telegraph Co.,
.75
C. D. Waldron,
12.25
H. P. Hayes,
15.02
N. B. Dry Goods Co.,
7.11
C. F. Spooner,
2.00
E. R. Browne,
8.65
Benj. R. Tillson,
9.50
H. H. Hathaway,
23.31
E. Manchester, Jr.,
14.11
F. S. Brightman Co.,
7.00
A. L. Mackie,
25.00
Joseph W. Westgate,
6.00
Joshua H. Delano,
1.25
De Wolf & Vincent,
16.25
F. M. Marsh,
27.86
E. G. Spooner,
2.07
$828.89
17
ROLL OF HONOR
Pupils neither absent or tardy during year 1902-1903 :
Chas. L. Lester,
Edith Palmer,
Edythe Hale,
Fred Hagen,
William Davis,
Stanley Rouse,
Nina G. Briggs,
Louise Bushnell,
Mary E. McKenna,
Helen Bushnell,
Mary A. Sullivan,
Villa Crafts,
Carrie Woodward,
Florence Mara,
Harry R. Betagh,
Emma Sherman,
Maurice Mitchell, Amelia Palmer,
Alice M. Watterson,
Emily B. Austin,
Rena Tinkham,
Edith C. Kendrick,
.
Sheldon Deane, William Dodge,
Edward Gurney,
Lester Bates.
TABULATED STATEMENT-GRADES, TEACHERS, SALARIES, ATTENDANCE, ETC. YEAR SEPT. 8, 1902-JUNE 26, 1903.
SCHOOLS.
TEACHERS.
Salaries per
month.
Whole number
Average mem-
bership.
Average
Per cent.
Total days
absent.
Cases of
tardiness.
No. weeks in
term.
High,
10-13
Will A. Charles,
$100
72
61.28
56.73
92.57
879.
109
40
66
Ruby L. Rich,
58
Ada E. Harris,
50
53
Rogers,
9
Sarah B. Clarke,
65
31
27.23
25.71 94.41
268 5
5
39
8
Emma M. Davis,
40
62
49.03
46.04
93.90
535.5
14
39
1
Bertha G. Atkins,
40
48
42.54
40.22
93.64
489.5
19
39
6
Mattie L. Norris,
40
62
52.71
49.01
92.98
661.
14
39
01
Jennie M. Chandler,
40
48
42.58
39.95
93.82
469.5
6
39
4
Alice B. Landers,
40
56
48.63
44.64
91.79
711.5
36
39
3
Lucretia F. Hatch,
40
56
46.37
42.43
91.50
705.
15
39
Annex,
2
Lucie A. Metcalf,
40
42
39.03
35.75
91.59
593.5
8
39
2
Grace D. Wixon,
40
50
40.43
35.55 87.93
873.5
19
39
1
Retta R. Barrett,
40
45
36.43
31.18 85.58
888.
33
39
1
Mary A. S. Sale,
40
43
32.86
28.57| 86.94
729.
18|
39
18
and
Music,
Anna B. Trowbridge,
enrolled.
attendance.
attendance.
Grades.
Oxford,
4-5 Myra D. Crowell,
45|
42
35.63 44.58
32.21| 90.82
479. 65
39
2-3 Lelia A. Boothby,
40
53
38.66 86.72
974.5
110
39
1-2 Bertha M. Hamblin,
40
43
35.47 30.61 86.29
803.5
106
39
New Boston,
1-4 Elsie M. Pope.
40
29
23.13 20.76 89.75
410.
72
39
Naskatucket,
1-5 Clara M. Smith,
40
31
24.24
20.83 84.24
597.5
300
39
Drawing,
Ethel R. Browne,
30
Cooking,
Lucy May Elder,
*50
Manual Training,
Alfred C. Cobb,
*50
Totals 1903,
$961
813
682.
619.
90.26
11,068.
949
Totals 1902,
912
688
604.
541.
89.80
10,864.
1169
Totals 1901,
673 579.
518.
90.10
10,215.
1086
19
*Salaries paid by Mr. H. H. Rogers.
Highest per cent. of attendance, 94.41, Grade 9, Rogers School.
TABULATED STATEMENT-GRADES, TEACHERS, SALARIES, ATTENDANCE, ETC. FALL TERM, SEPT. 8, 1903-DEC. 18, 1903.
SCHOOLS.
TEACHERS.
Salaries per
month.
Whole number
Average mem-
bership.
Average
Per cent.
Total days
Cases of
No. weeks in
term.
High,
10-13
Will A. Charles,
$100
65
64.02
60.92 95.15
217.
30
66
Ruby L. Rich,
58
Jessie M. Barbour,
55
66
Margery C. Bruce,
50
9
Sarah B. Clarke,
65
45
41.48
39.65| 95.56
128.5
1
Rogers,
8
Mae S. Shirley,
40
42
40.03
38.44
96.03
112.
5
1
Bertha G. Atkins,
40
55
47.93
45.59|
97.18
165.5
8
6
Mattie L. Norris,
40
45
43.21
40.58
93.91
185.
1
5
Grace M. Ricker,
40
49
45.26
42.07
92.95
227.
1
4
Effie B. Wallace,
40
45
41.16
39.22
95.28
138.
12
6.
3
Florence B. Fitz,
40
41
34.14
31.16 91.27
211.5
4
3
Mary P. Story,
40
36
35.65
32.85 92.14
199.
16
Annex,
2
Lucie A. Metcalf,
40
40
37.56
34.66
92.27
203.
5
2
Grace D. Wixon,
40
42
37.50
23.80
90.66
245.
6
1
Retta R. Barrett,
40
44
38.59
34.12
88.41
313.
17
1
Mary A. S. Sale,
40
41
35.82
32.59 90.98
226.
5
attendance.
attendance.
Grades.
absent.
tardiness.
enrolled.
20
Oxford,
5-6 | Myra D. Crowell,
50
35|
31.641 42.55
38.19 89.75
18
2
Bertha M. Hamblin,
40
35
33.29
29.85 89.66
240.5
28
1
Sarah L. Burleigh,
40
45
39.15
33.64 85.92
382.5
37
New Boston,
1-5
Elsie M. Pope,
40
34
33.15
30.89
93.17
158.
33
Naskatucket,
1-4
Clara M. Smith,
38
26
24.76
21.52 86.91
228.5
82
Music,
Anna B. Trowbridge,
40
Drawing,
Ethel R. Browne,
35
Cooking,
| Lucy May Elder,
*50
Manual Training,
Alfred C. Cobb,
*50
Totals 1903,
$1091
810
747.
679.
92.
4,018.
337
Totals 1902,
935
761
706.
650.
92.
413
Totals 1901.
912
683
628.
574.
91.5
555
*Salaries paid by Mr. H. H. Rogers.
Highest per cent. of attendance Fall Term, 97.18, Grade 7, Rogers School.
21
29.74 93.99
133. 305
25
3-4 Beatrice P. Boothby,
40
45
22
The administration of any system of schools presents con- tinually a varying set of problems in which are involved changing and sometimes opposing sets of forces,-teachers, pupils, parents, taxpayers, public opinion, just and unjust criticism, educational policies, all of which demand unusual patience and wisdom on the part of school officials and the citizens whom they represent.
Many parents gain a first hand knowledge of the definite work of the schoolroom by occasional visits, but the large majority of parents and taxpayers are among that number of busy citizens who have not the time to look personally into the details of public education. This is unfortunate in many ways, because in a country that has had such a wonderful growth, involving such rapid developments and changes in economic and social life, there has been a special need for intelligent study of the policy, aims, and results of the educational forces, upon which we must more and more depend for the proper development of our citizens and lead- ers. Since the extension of the division of labor and the stress of one's own particular duties make it impossible for many to keep pace with the changes and problems in public education, it is hoped that this brief outline of facts and statistics, though made formally to your board, may convey to the people a clearer idea of the aims and needs that are constantly before us.
The first and most important, and in recent times, the most difficult problem is encountered in securing and retain- ing capable teachers, who have a genuine love for the work and possess those many-sided qualifications requisite to meet the exacting demands of the modern schoolroom. It is evi- dent that the constant public service in the overcrowded schoolroom, with its problems of instruction and manage- ment keeps many from undertaking the work and causes many to drop out by the wayside. Then, too, the new and
23
more attractive avenues of service open to women in stenog- raphy, typewriting, library and professional work have reduced the numbers who a few years ago looked only towards teaching. Since our last report fourteen (14) new or additional teachers have been needed. When we con- sider the increasing competition, the inadequate supply and the particular qualities required in a specific school, it is manifestly difficult to satisfactorily fill the places of teach- ers who are called to $600 and $700 positions. That you have in your schools at present so faithful and zealous a corps of teachers, who are conscientiously working for the best development of each child is a matter for congratulation.
Changes in the High school course of study and a new division of the subjects into more definite departments has made possible conditions for much better results in all lines. The constantly increasing demands upon the time of Miss Trowbridge for music made it necessary for her to seek release from High school duties, so that she now devotes her attention three days in the week to music alone. The withdrawal of Miss Trowbridge and the unsuccessful attempt to secure a teacher who could combine the English work with commercial branches made it necessary to provide a regular instructor, who had had special college training in English. This very important department which has hitherto been handicapped and given our graduates most difficulty in college has been materially strengthened.
Stenography, typewriting, bookkeeping, commercial arithmetic and geography and kindred branches are now in charge of a trained teacher who can give her undivided attention to this line of work. These changes have made possible a better and more definite adjustment of the other branches, so that the whole work of the High school has been put upon a better working basis.
Every inducement is offered for our Grammar graduates
24
to continue their training in either the general, commercial, or college preparatory courses.
The cramped and crowded condition of the small recitation rooms causes serious difficulty in properly accommodating the large entering classes. Two of these rooms will scarcely hold twenty (20) each, while we expect about thirty (30) to enter the High school in September.
In the elementary schools the rapid increase in the number of pupils necessarily involves new accommodations, teachers and janitors and a constantly increasing expenditure for fuel, supplies and repairs, thus making many desired changes and improvements difficult or impossible. This constant increase is surprising to some, but it is never- theless real, and has been generously provided for by tax payers and thoughtful friends.
The following figures may indicate something as to the growth in two districts in the last ten years.
OXFORD
ROGERS
ANNEX
Enrollment, fall term, 1903,
160
358
167
Enrollment, 1893,
48
319
0
Increase,
112
39
167
Total increase,
318
WHOLE TOWN
Enrollment, 1903,
813
Enrollment, 1893,
434
Increase,
379
The numbers have nearly doubled in ten years, while in the three years 1900 to 1903 the average membership has been increased by 158.
At present all the rooms at the Annex, Rogers, and Oxford schools are occupied, and only three rooms have less than forty (40) children each, while in some the enrollment has reached fifty-five (55.)
25
The Annex is now crowded so that any increase in these first grades cannot be cared for here next September. From eighty (80) to a hundred (100) children will be promoted to the Rogers school, and can only be accommodated by seating the large hall on the third floor, where adequate light and heat cannot always be had. Assuming that the entering class at Oxford will be no larger than usual, it is not yet clear how room can be provided for those 45 or 50, who usually appear in September.
By seating the Rogers school hall and by splitting up and re-arranging grades it is hoped that the time for an addition to the Oxford school, and more room in the centre of the town may be delayed for a year, but it is evident that he problem of room in both these sections cannot longer be postponed.
The cost for the repair of buildings and apparatus has been nearly double the amount estimated. For the preservation of the building at Oxford something over $300 was expended for painting inside and out and for mason work upon outside walls and terra-cotta trimmings.
Frequent and expensive repairs upon the radiator coils at the Rogers school are a source of much difficulty, but on account of their age, trouble with these pipes must be antici- pated. The fire boxes and the entire masonry in front of the boilers will need to be overhauled and replaced before another winter.
Partially as a measure of relief for crowded conditions, but chiefly and primarily for the sake of better physical and pedagogical conditions under which our first grade children may enter upon their formal school life, I wish to call your attention to the following suggestions :
In our primary rooms in September we have from forty (40) to fifty (50) children, some hardly more than babies, many not understanding a word of English, some never
26
having known what restraint means, all fresh from the play- ground or street, making a situation where neither teacher nor pupils have a fair opportunity for satisfactory results. With so many unequally developed children from three to five divisions are necessary, in any one of which the children are able, for only a brief time, to work independently or busy themselves without the guidance of the teacher, so that the children of one or two divisions, while waiting for direc- tion and assistance from the teacher, who is necessarily busy with the other sections, are bound to develop habits of idle- ness or play.
The teacher hastens from one group to another and has almost no time for individual assistance and instruction which is so much needed in all grades, but most of all in the first grades where abilities are less uniform and attendance less regular.
After considerable study and observation, I feel that for many children five (5) years is too low a limit for entrance upon formal school work. It is a radical change for an active, nervous and, too often, poorly nourished boy or girl to be forced under the continued restraint and necessary discipline of the schoolroom, for five or six hours a day. Most children at this age are not sufficiently mature, either mentally or physically, and cannot apply themselves with vigor and interest for so long a time.
Since the age limit is at present fixed at five years, I would recommend that each of our first grades be equally divided, and that one half attend school at the morning ses- sion and the other half in the afternoon. Thus each room would have from 20 to 25 at each session, each division could be made to work more intently while in the school- room. Pupils could acquire habits of concentration, while the teacher could give more definite attention and less hur- ried assistance where it is most needed. By this plan, I
27
believe that more correct habits of application would be established, and at the end of the second year the intellect- ual results would be as great, if not greater than at present. We should have better ventilated and less crowded rooms and the young children would have more ample opportunity for normal physical development.
The subjects of music and drawing have been taught with the usual efficiency and interest under the direction of the special teachers, whose reports outline the work in detail. The introduction of individual sight singing will be watched with much interest. It has brought about surprising results in many places, in developing the more intelligent reading of music and a subsequent appreciation and enjoyment which is the ultimate purpose of teaching music in the public schools.
The very representative exhibition of the year's work in drawing, in which the public showed considerable interest, reflected great credit upon the every day. work of the pupils and teachers. The variety and scope of the results secured by giving scarcely more than an hour a week to this subject, are more than sufficient to warrant the expenditure.
There are sometimes questionings and doubts on the part of those who are not quite clear as to the aims and purposes of drawing and music in the public school. We are apt to expect too much in the brief time allotted to these subjects.
The study of Language, Grammar and Composition does not invariably develop poets and writers nor does the study of Drawing and Music often produce artists and musicians, but the study of these subjects helps as does nothing else, to reveal to the child his aesthetic inheritance, an inheritance into which we as a nation have not yet come. Some of the aims of drawing are to develop better artisans, and if possible a few artists, to arouse more of a productive and inventive skill, and to generate a true appreciation of art, not only in
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and about our homes, but in matters of dress and natural beauties with which we are surrounded.
On its educational and practical side much might be said. Drawing has been the forerunner of manual training and must ever be linked closely to all hand work. Were we to stop to consider the source and development of many of our inventions, we should see that a certain need or idea impresses itself upon the mind, which, if it has had fair constructive training, and the brain and hand have been taught to work together to express by a drawing either an object of beauty or a device which when manufactured shall be of permanent use to mankind, we should realize more than ever the value of art teaching, not only in its aesthetic phase, but in its industrial aspect, where design, invention and construction come into prominence.
In this connection, it is due that mention be made of the success of Master Charles Lincoln in designing and constructing a corner bracket for a piece of statuary at the High school ; and also of the skill and taste of Miss Alice Lyons whose design was selected for the cover of this report.
In connection with the exhibition of drawings was displayed the very excellent results of the first year's work in manual training. This branch continues as formerly planned. Mechanical drawing and knife work, with simple models in the 6th and 7th grades is followed by the more extensive and elaborate models in the manual training room. The character of the results and the general interest have fully met our expectation.
The classes in cooking have kept up an unusual interest and have acquired actual skill in the management of the kitchen and dining room. In neither of these departments has there been manifest the usual decline of interest after the first year.
4
HARVESTING
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Kindred to manual training, but of a widely different type from Sloyd is school gardening. Such practical results have been obtained in Germany, France, Switzerland and England, that this country is becoming alive to the great advantages of the school garden as an excellent and rational means of teaching children to understand and appreciate nature. The mathematical judgment is exercised in plotting and measuring beds and walks; the relation of soil, rain, seed, plant and product are naturally revealed ; and also children obtain much practical benefit from the quantities of vege- tables and flowers which are gathered from time to time.
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