USA > Maine > Kennebec County > Waterville > The centennial history of Waterville, Kennebec County, Maine, including the oration, the historical address and the poem presented at the celebration of the centennial anniversary of the incorporation of the town, June 23d, 1902 > Part 28
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The eighth and present place of meeting is the new Masonic Temple on Common street, which was consecrated in full masonic form by the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Maine on Saturday, June 13, 1891, just seventy years to a day from the consecration of the lodge. The day was a proud one for Waterville Masons. Distinguished visitors from other places including Palestine Commandery of Belfast, joined with the local members of the fraternity and their ladies in the celebration. The exercises were very elaborate and included an oration by Rev. J. L. Seward, of the Unitarian church. The first meeting
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of the lodge in this temple on March 23, 1891, had been the occasion of a strange coincidence. It happened to be precisely sixty years to a day since the last meeting, March 23, 1831, before the dark days of Masonry. As if to commemorate the event the electric lights all went out. This was owing to the high water in the Kennebec river. Oil lamps were quickly pro- vided by the aid of which the exercises of the evening were com- pleted. The only thing lacking to make the temple complete was procured in 1901, when the various masonic bodies purchased at a cost of fifteen hundred dollars, a new pipe organ, one of the finest toned organs in the city.
Though believing in religion, and though practicing charity, the Masonic order is primarily and essentially fraternal. As indicating the prominence of some of the men who have been Masons in this city it is worthy of mention that, with one excep- tion, all of the mayors of Waterville, from its incorporation as a city in 1888, to the present time have been Masons.
On August 14, 1901, by request of the city government, the corner stone of the new city hall was laid with due ceremony under the auspices of the Masonic lodge, represented by the offi- cers of the grand lodge of Maine.
In the eighty-two years since it was chartered, Waterville lodge has had forty-one different masters, as follows: Benjamin Adams, David Shepherd, Joseph R. Abbott, Alpheus Lyon, Mil- ford P. Norton, Daniel Cook, Richard M. Dorr, Samuel Wells, Asil Stilson, Alden Palmer, Jeremiah Arnold, Thomas W. Her- rick, Wadsworth Chipman, Josiah H. Drummond, Charles M. Morse, Edward G. Meader, Charles R. McFadden, Willard B. Arnold, Frank W. Knight, Nathaniel Meader, Jonathan Meader, Isaac S. Bangs, Edmund F. Webb, Charles H. Alden, Llewellyn E. Crommett, R. Wesley Dunn, Frederick C. Thayer, Franklin A. Smith, Andrew L. McFadden, Edwin F. Small, Horace W. Stewart, True B. Page, William H. K. Abbott, Anson O. Libby, Warren C. Philbrook, Frank Walker, Charles F. Johnson, Martin F. Bartlett, Herbert M. Fuller, John M. Webber, Cyrus W. Davis.
There have been connected with Waterville lodge either by demit from other lodges or by having taken one or more degrees,
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or honorary members, a total of 669 men, the present membership being 266.
THE TECONNET CHAPTER ROYAL ARCH MASONS was organ- ized in this city in 1892, by dispensation from the Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Maine.
ST. OMER COMMANDERY OF KNIGHTS TEMPLAR was organized with sixty charter members, September 27, 1874. The eminent commanders have been: George Wilkins, Isaac S. Bangs, Nathaniel Meader, Frederick C. Thayer, Frank A. Smith, Andrew L. McFadden, Horace W. Stewart, E. L. Veasie, Fred A. Lovejoy, W. A. R. Boothby, Warren C. Philbrook, Arthur H. Totman, John Phillips, James Frederick Hill, Charles F. Johnson and Mortimer E. Adams.
MARTHA WASHINGTON CHAPTER, NO. 15, OF THE ORDER OF THE EASTERN STAR, was organized February 24, 1894.
TICONIC DIVISION, NO. 13, SONS OF TEMPERANCE is as its name implies, a temperance organization, and was instituted November 27, 1845. This order did much to pave the way for the establishment of the prohibitory law in this State. Among the early patriarchs were T. O. Sanders, Eldridge L. Getchell, W. M. Phillips, Edward L. Smith, E. H. Piper, R. Perley, Simeon Keith, Edward C. Low, John P. Caffrey, Jones R. Elden and George S. C. Dow.
Ticonic Division was reorganized in 1858 with the following charter list: H. C. Leonard, Llewellyn E. Crommett, Charles M. Morse, Charles R. McFadden, Charles W. Wingate, Jones R. Elden, Joshua C. Bartlett, Thomas W. Herrick, Charles R. Phillips, Hiram P. Cousins, George L. Robinson, Jeremiah Arnold, Edward C. Lowe, Joshua Nye and Moses Hanscom. The worthy patriarchs since reorganizaton have been: Everett R. Drummond, Levi T. Boothby, Samuel Osborne, Thomas Ran- sted, Mrs. Estelle Ransted, Byron Kimball, Mrs. Laura F. Mason, James Coombs, Hiram O. Ray, Inez White, Vonia Pres- sey, Irving P. Barnes, Estelle Ray, S. H. Holmes, Mary Wilson, C. P. Toward, Stephen J. Cunningham, A. W. Starbird, Myra Coombs, Edwin Barnes, Frank J. White, Arthur Barton, Amelia Smith, Emily Ray and Leverett Dow. The order has a present membership of about thirty.
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HISTORY OF WATERVILLE.
In 1846 a lodge of the I. O. O. F. was founded in Waterville by Amasa Dingley, and named SAMARITAN LODGE NO. 39.
Among the charter members were James Smiley, George H. Esty, Solon S. Simons, and Henry B. White. Eldridge L. Getchell, Sumner and Joseph Percival, Simeon Keith, Nathaniel R. Boutelle and Ephraim Maxham were among the early mem- bers. After continuing eight years the lodge became dormant, but twenty years later, when Odd Fellowship revived, a new charter was granted under the old name and number, and on January 14, 1874, the grand officers instituted the present lodge with eleven charter members, as follows: Edward C. Lowe, Geo. H. Esty, Henry B. White, Joshua Nye, W. G. Penny, Joseph Percival, Nathaniel R. Boutelle, D. M. Black, Ephraim Maxham, Geo. Jewell, and Levi T. Boothby. The Noble Grands of the lodge, beginning with 1874, have been : Henry B. White, a char- ter member, Edward C. Lowe, George H. Esty, Joshua Nye, D. M. Black, Levi T. Boothby, Henry T. Chamberlain, Charles H. Drummond, George S. Dolloff, Evander Gilpatrick, Calvin W. Gilman, Charles H. Jones, Simeon Keith, E. A. Longfellow, W. J. Maynard, Newton J. Norris, J. L. Perkins, F. A. Robbins, Weston B. Smiley, J. E. Scribner, E. N. Small, E. L. Spaulding, William I. Towne, J. L. Towne, Charles R. Tyler, C. Henry Williams, Eugene W. Woodman, M. H. Blackwell, Joseph M. Barker, John Dailey, Charles M. Turner, William C. Cannon, Edgar N. Keene, William A. Hager, Chandler W. Wormell, Josiah W. Morrell, William H. Dearborn, Horace S. Howard, Charles L. Getchell, George H. Watts, and D. R. McLean.
Odd Fellowship is primarily fraternal, but it has always done much in a charitable way, relieving the sick and dying, aiding the widow, protecting and educating the orphan. Its members are enjoined to illustrate by their acts and carry out, as far as pos- sible, the sublime maxim,-"All things whatsoever ye would that men should do unto you, do ye even so to them." The lodge now has a membership of two hundred and twenty. It occupies one of the finest halls in the city, in the new Haines block on Common street.
ENCAMPMENT No. 22 was chartered at Fairfield August 9, 1874, as Somerset Encampment No. 22. In January, 1883, it was
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changed to AHIRAM ENCAMPMENT NO. 22. CANTON HALIFAX No. 24 was chartered June 5, 1889. DORCAS REBEKAH DEGREE LODGE No. 4I was instituted April 25, 1892.
WATERVILLE LODGE, GOOD TEMPLARS, was organized January 17, 1876, with Frederick S. Clay, W. C. T. The following were charter members : J. L. Perkins, H. M. Rice, Eugene Hyland, Willie Hyland, Albert E. Estes, William Thayer, Frederick S. Clay, James N. King, E. J. Lowe, Lizzie Amazeen, Hannah Leavitt, Ada E. Estes, Lizzie S. Wheeler, Annie Phelon, Abbie E. Ridley, Mrs. S. R. Tibbetts, Effie E. Wheeler, Hattie E. Haynes, Flora E. Morton, Belle Morton, J. M. Garland, J. L. Towne, C. E. Estes, Edith Furbush, J. H. W. Lawrence, and Henry Ware. Samuel Osborne, the colored janitor at Colby College, has always been an active member, having held office in the grand lodge of Maine. He was chosen a delegate to the supreme lodge which holds its session at Stockholm, Sweden, his expenses being paid as a testimonial by his many friends. The order has a present membership of ninety-eight.
WATERVILLE LODGE No. 5, A. O. U. W., an insurance and fraternal order, is in a flourishing condition, with a present mem- bership of two hundred and eighty-five. It was organized here March 22, 1882, with twenty-two charter members, largely through the influence of J. W. Garland. January 1, 1890, Pine Tree Lodge No. 19, of Fairfield, with thirty-three members was consolidated with Waterville lodge. The presiding officers have been William T. Haines, Fred D. Nudd, C. P. Toward, C. P. Sherman, Albert E. Ellis, Charles F. Johnson, Orrison O. Cross, Edwin Towne, David P. Stowell, George A. Warren, C. F. Merrill, Everett E. Haynes, and Joseph O'Conner.
On April 5, 1893, the DEGREE OF HONOR, FIDELITY LODGE, No. 3, was organized, and since then the HELPING HAND Asso- CIATION. The lodge occupies spacious rooms on the third floor of the Arnold block.
HAVELOCK LODGE NO. 35, KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS was instituted May 17, 1883, and holds a high position among the fraternal organizations of the city. The following were the charter mem- bers: W. A. R. Boothby, Andrew L. McFadden, E. M. Mars-
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ton, Appleton Webb, Edward C. Luce, Appleton H. Plaisted, A. C. Crockett, Leonard D. Carver, Alfred Thompson, Frank Redington, Frank J. Goodridge, W. S. Dunham, J. M. Wall, William F. Swan, A. J. Lyon, Phenny Lyon, John N. Webber, Reaford Patten and F. W. Kincaid. The chair of the C. M. has been filled by the following: A. W. Allen, Charles F. Ayer, Stephen F. Brann, Luther G. Bunker, Samuel A. Burleigh, Edgar J. Brown, George S. Dolloff, John A. Davidson, Frank J. Goodridge, F. A. Lincoln, Warren C. Philbrook, Henry C. Prince, Luke B. Spencer, Frank W. Smith, Selden E. Whitcomb, Everett C. Wardwell, and H. Leroy Simpson.
The lodge has a present membership of one hundred and fifty, and is proud to number among its members the grand chancellor of the grand lodge of Maine, in the person of Hon. Warren C. Philbrook.
The Uniform Rank, Bayard Company No. 9, which is the military branch of the order, was instituted November 10, 1890. It has a membership of fifty-two. It drills and is governed by the same military tactics as are used in the U. S. Army.
The past captains are A. W. Stewart, Eugene W. Allen, F. A. Lincoln, Henry C. Prince, Hiram O. Ray, Luther G. Bunker and Edgar J. Brown.
COMMANDERY NO. 332, U. O. G. C., was instituted February 3, 1888, with twenty-five charter members. It has a present membership of seventy-five.
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The presiding officers from the beginning have been Jefferson Wood, Thomas W. Scribner, Herbert M. Fuller, H. W. Ludwig, Samuel W. Fuller, N. F. Tower, Mrs. H. M. C. Estes, Lewis M. Small, L. S. Tupper, Luke Ivers, Joseph H. Knox, Byron A. Kimball, Angelos W. Merrill, Mrs. E. M. Brann, Alden A. Wright, Mrs. F. F. Merrill, Mabel Lacomb, J. S. Lewis, and Fred S. Harding.
The objects of this order are social, beneficent and fraternal. During the fourteen years it has existed in the city $13,500 have been paid to local beneficiaries.
L'UNION LAFAYETTE, founded in 1890, is a social and insur- ance order, wholly local, and has a present membership of two hundred and ninety.
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Its presidents have been Joseph Matthieu, Achille Joly, A. P. A. Pichette, Adelard Holde, Fred W. Clair, Abraham Reny, Peter D. Fortier and Gedeon Picher.
WATERVILLE LODGE, NO. 221, NEW ENGLAND ORDER OF PRO- TECTION was instituted June 19, 1893, with the following charter members : William T. Haines, Warren C. Philbrook, W. Fred P. Fogg, Carroll W. Abbott, Colby Getchell, R. E. Attwood, Gustavus L. Weeks, S. A. Estes, Clarence R. Miller, Granville Sibley, E. A. Bailey, Waldron F. Kennison, George V. Spauld- ing, Clarence E. Tupper, F. M. Shores, J. K. Soule, and S. H. Rhoades.
This order is a ritualistic, benevolent and fraternal one, with a present membership of about sixty. A rather remarkable thing in connection with Waterville lodge is that in the nine years of its existence death has not entered its ranks.
The following have filled the warden's chair: W. Fred P. Fogg, Gustavus L. Weeks, George F. Gile, Colby Getchell, Waldron F. Kennison, E. A. Cox, Eugene W. Woodman, and Russell S. Barton.
COURT SEBASTICOOK, NO. 1,495, INDEPENDENT ORDER OF FOR- ESTERS, was organized March 2, 1894, by James Grover, with forty-six charter members, among whom were Charles F. John- son, Harvey D. Eaton, J. Frederick Hill, Frederick C. Thayer, Mark Gallert, Henry C. Prince, Charles E. Matthews, Elwood T. Wyman, Cyrus W. Davis and F. August Knauff.
It is an insurance and fraternal order. The past chief rangers are Harvey D. Eaton, Charles F. Ayer, Hartwell W. Pollard and W. Parker Stewart. Frank J. Hughes is the present chief ranger.
THE AMERICAN BENEFIT SOCIETY, an insurance order, has two lodges in the city. WATERVILLE LODGE, No. 40, started December 31, 1895, with twenty-four charter members and has a present membership of fifty.
Its presidents have been John J. Reid, George L. Cannon and George F. Davies.
RICHELIEU LODGE, No. 4, was organized January 28, 1896, with thirty charter members and has a present membership of sixty.
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Its presidents have been Fred W. Clair, Gedeon Pitcher, Achille Joly, Joseph Bujeau and Abraham Reny.
WATERVILLE COUNCIL, NO. 148, KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS was organized February 9, 1896, with thirty-nine charter members. It is a social, fraternal and insurance order, and has a present membership of sixty. It meets in the Knights of Columbus Hall on the west side of Main street.
The following have filled the chair of grand knight: John B. Friel, John P. Baxter, Fred W. Clair, John Hogan and Arthur Darviau.
KENNEBEC COUNCIL, NO. 14, ORDER UNITED AMERICAN MECHANICS was instituted in this city in Soper's Hall, Novem- ber 6, 1896. with thirty-one charter members, as follows: Frank Brann, Alphonso H. Cook, William H. Andrews, E. A. Mills, John Fish, Milan S. Thomas, Russell C. Taylor, C. C. Ellis, Hiram E. Eddy, Alonzo E. Mathews, George B. Huff, Oscar N. Getchell, M. L. Strickland, Fred L. Merrill, Warren C. Casey, John King, C. A. Farnham, William H. Belleveau, James T. Flynn, George A. Warren, Charles A. Holway, Algenon C. Glazier, Charles W. Davis, Leroy R. Kitchen, Charles C. Bridges, James H. Pooler, E. D. Mitchell, Charles E. Wright, Charles H. Gibson, Thomas G. Rose and Claude C. Cole.
The O. U. A. M. is a patriotic, social, fraternal and benevolent secret association, composed entirely of those born in the United States of America, or under the protection of its flag. Its motto is, "Honesty, industry, and sobriety." The local lodge after meeting in Soper's Hall until December 1, 1897, leased its pres- ent fine hall in Milliken block on the corner of Main and Silver streets.
The following is a list of the senior ex-councillors: E. F. Parker, Everett E. Haynes, Frank W. Lewis, George A. Warren, Leroy R. Kitchen, William M. Pulsifer, Charles Bridges and David H. Bowker.
THE FORESTERS OF AMERICA are represented in this city by two lodges. The first, COURT CANADA, was organized among the French citizens in 1896, with six charter members. The second, COURT AMERICA, No. 14, was organized February 25, 1897, with
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thirty-five charter members. This order is purely a beneficial and benevolent organization. Its purposes are the mutual pro- tection and assistance of its members in sickness and distress.
The past chief rangers are Fred D. Nudd, Edwin J. Littlefield, Harry E. Hinds, George W. Hoxie, Edward L. Hanscom, Dana P. Foster, James A. Weymouth and Fred E. Hoxie.
THE MODERN WOODMEN OF AMERICA, WATERVILLE, CAMP No. 8,465, was organized in this city August 9, 1900. It is a fraternal insurance order, and started with a charter list of six- teen members, as follows: Warren C. Philbrook, Luther G. Bunker, W. E. Choate, Thomas Suttie, Bliss T. Watts, E. L. Marston, Peter M. Libby, Alden A. Wright, Flavius H. Mace, W. M. Ladd, Ernest M. Horne, C. H. Page, J. E. Lashus, Charles A. Grondin, Frank Blanchard and Fred E. Libby.
THE MACCABEES is represented by two lodges, both of which were organized in 1901. TICONIC TENT has a membership of one hundred and forty, and HOPE TENT, No. 12, a membership of fifty-two. This is an insurance order.
At Colby there are five Greek letter fraternities: DELTA KAPPA EPSILON, chartered at Colby in 1845, has a membership of twenty-four ; ZETA PSI, chartered in 1850, has a membership of eighteen ; DELTA UPSILON, chartered in 1852, has a member- ship of twenty-seven ; PHI DELTA THETA, chartered in 1884, has a membership of twenty-one; ALPHA TAU OMEGA, chartered in 1892, has a membership of ten. There are two sororities, both of which are local.
SIGMA KAPPA, founded in 1874, numbers thirty-two members and BETA PHI, founded in 1895, numbers twenty-eight.
At one time there existed in the city an organization of Grangers, of which Martin Blaisdell, Fred Pooler and George Balentine were prominent members. It is long since defunct.
The Knights of Honor, No. 289, an insurance and fraternal order, was established here in 1870 and existed for about fifteen years.
Bombazeen Tribe of Red Men, No. 39, was instituted in 1894. Although it had a membership of seventy-five the attendance at the meetings was so small that the charter was given up in 1901.
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The Ancient Ascenic Order, the prime purpose of which was insurance, was established here in 1898, but only lasted one year.
THE CANIBAS CLUB.
Club life for men has its sole representative in this city in the Canibas Club. This club is a local organization for social pur- poses and was formed on Washington's birthday, 1889. Its first president was Gen. I. S. Bangs ; first vice-president, Dr. F. C. Thayer; second vice-president, H. W. Stewart; secretary and treasurer, George K. Boutelle, Esq. Its first board of directors included E. L. Jones, E. L. Veazie, Frank Redington, John N. Webber and W. M. Dunn. The club moved into its present elegant quarters on Main street just below the Unitarian church, November 13, 1889.
Its officers for the present year are: President, Oscar G. Springfield ; vice-president, F. B. Hubbard ; secretary and treas- urer, E. M. Horne. Directors, W. S. Dunham, G. F. Terry, W. J. Fogarty, C. E. Mathews, E. L. Jones. The present mem- bership of the club is fifty-nine.
CHAPTER XIII.
SOCIAL LIFE IN WATERVILLE.
By MARTHA BAKER DUNN, author of "Memory Street," Lias' Wife, etc.
The social life of any moderate-sized town or city is usually a difficult thing to classify or even to formulate. It is apt to be sporadic rather than general, and subject to a reaction and reaction as pronounced though perhaps not as regular as the ebb and flow of the tide; yet to say as one is sometimes on first thought tempted to do, that any spot where human beings live has no social life, is to forget that the most significant part of the history of the world is made up of the daily intercourse of men and women with each other, and that the impulses born of such intercourse, the ties and emotions that grow out of it, constitute the underlying forces that mould society.
Little record of the social life of Waterville up to the beginning of the nineteenth century seems to have been preserved even in tradition. In 1791 the population of Winslow, which then included the territory on both sides of the river, is estimated at 779 persons of whom more than half lived within the present limits of Waterville, and loved, hated, married, bore children, salted their bread with tears or ate it with joy, died and were buried even as they are to-day.
Among the names of citizens engaged in business and paying taxes on the west side of the river at that time we find Crommetts, Lows, Tozers, Soules, Stackpoles and others, names still well known in Waterville annals, and had some one of these bygone worthies been inspired to keep such a journal of current events
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as was done by Gen. Henry Sewall of Augusta he might have materially aided the labors of the modern historian.
The few diaries and memorandum books available which fur- nish any records of those early days contain only the sparsest and most commonplace details, records of barter and sale, the time of sowing crops and similar intensely practical matters. There is, however, in the memorandum book of one of the resi- dents of ancient Winslow a single personal note which stands, unexplained, amidst the monotonous sequence of weather, crops and traffic, leaving one to wonder whether there may, perchance, have been a heart-throb registered in its brief statement.
"August 15th Sarah Johnson went away ;" that is all the record tells us. Who Sarah was, where and why she went, what made her departure of such importance, and whether she ever came back, these are questions which arise at once, but the answers are lost in the oblivion of time. So far as the curiosity of the present generation is concerned, Sarah's going away was a per- manent event.
The times when things are beginning are frequently strenuous ones. In the early days of new settlements the actors in the scene find enough in the struggle and stress of everyday life to weary their muscles and satisfy their thirst for excitement. Probably the first residents of Waterville were sufficiently occu- pied in conquering the wilderness and solving the problem of daily existence, and neither felt the need nor saw the opportunity for many festivities. Such entertaining as did take place was undoubtedly more or less primitive in its nature.
We read in the histories of the time that the colonists kept up intercourse with their distant friends and acquaintances and managed in spite of obstacles to pay occasional visits to those liv- ing in other settlements. The river was then much more com- monly used as a thoroughfare of travel than it is at present. Horseback journeys were also very frequent.
About 1793 pleasure carriages began to appear in Maine and in that year General Sewall records the purchase of his "new topped sleigh." As early as 1784 mention is made in Mr. Sewall's diary of a sleighing party from Augusta to Ebenezer Farwell's in Vassalboro, "returning the same night." Very
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possibly this journey was made on the ice, as the roads at that time were still very bad.
Among the amusements mentioned as being in vogue at that period were "spinning bees and wool-breakings" for spinning and carding. These gatherings not infrequently ended in a dance.
When Col. Lithgow was in command at Fort Halifax we are told that, being a very gallant man, he was accustomed in the winter time to command his men to sweep the ice and slide the ladies. There was at that time an island in the Kennebec river just below Ticonic falls which during the warm weather was much resorted to by the officers and their wives for pleasure parties. This is the first record of local gaieties which appears.
General Ezekiel Pattee, the pioneer innkeeper of ancient Wins- low, which at that time included ancient Waterville, kept a tavern within the precincts of Fort Halifax. Here, tradition tells us, he at one time entertained "company from Boston" who came down to view the landscape o'er and ask questions quite after the manner of the modern summer boarder. At this inn Aaron Burr was once a guest, but whether the presence of the noted lady- killer fluttered the pulses of the local belles no record remains to tell. Tradition, however, reports that Col. Burr was profoundly moved by the striking beauty of a daughter of Col. Lithgow. The lady however, despite the poetry which he sent her, would have nothing to do with him.
On June 10, 1795, the Reverend Joshua Cushman was ordained as pastor of the Winslow church. The ordination services were held on the Plains, where a huge evergreen bower supported by twenty pillars had been erected for the purpose. This was a memorable occasion. Ten churches were represented by their pastors and also by many of their people. During the first part of Mr. Cushman's pastorate, he preached alternately on the east and west sides of the river and the ceremonies of his ordination were of common interest to both settlements and offered oppor- tunity for a notable reunion of relatives and acquaintances.
With the beginning of the nineteenth century the history of social life in Waterville assumes more definite form, but it is still a matter of tradition rather than of record-the stories of the past with which mothers interested their children, the family annals handed down from generation to generation.
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By that time society was beginning to crystallize and take shape and the line of class distinction seems to have been at the same time more and less sharply drawn than in the present day. A row of mills was then growing up along the banks of the Ken- nebec, and the mill men, lumbermen and men engaged in general business furnished one class, while the representatives of the learned professions and the college instructors, after the organi- zation of the college, were drawn together by similarity of tastes and interests. Dr. Moses Appleton and "Square" Timothy Boutelle, however, both prominent figures in the society of the time, united business interests with professional practice and the final division of classes was probably then, as now, governed in part at least by congeniality and circumstance.
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