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GENEALOCY COLLECTION --
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 01071 8283
HISTORY
OF
GENESEE COUNTY
MICHIGAN
HER PEOPLE, INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS
By EDWIN O. WOOD, LL. D. President Michigan Historical Commission
With Biographical Sketches of Representative Citizens and Genealogical Records of Many of the Old Families
v. 2
VOLUME II
ILLUSTRATED
1916 FEDERAL PUBLISHING COMPANY Indianapolis, Indiana
1415269
CONTENTS VOLUME I
CHAPTER I-HISTORY OF MICHIGAN
First White Explorers in Great Lakes Region-Samuel de Champlain- His Victories Over the Indians and Their Consequent Unrelenting Hos- tility to the Whites-The Missionary Spirit-The Franciscan Order-The Jesuits and Their Work in the Northwest-Jean Nicolet-Fr. Rene Me- nard-First Map of Michigan-First Accounts of Copper in Northern Michigan-Oldest Settlement in Michigan-Formal Possession of Mich- igan by France-Jacques Marquette-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle and His Explorations-Michilimackinac and Detroit, Rival Centers of In- fluence-M. de La Motte Cadillac-Michigan Under the British-Pontiac's Conspiracy-Siege of Detroit-End of the War and Signing of Peace Treaty-Activity in the Fur Trade-Mackinac-The Northwest Territory -Governor Arthur St. Clair-Indian Treaty of Greenville-British With- draw from Northwest-Wayne County Formed-Indiana Territory-Michi- gan Territory-War of 1812-Hull's Surrender-Indian Massacres and Depredations-End of the War-Governor Lewis Cass and His Success- ful Handling of the Tremendous Problems Which Confronted Him-Sur- vey of Soldier Bounty Lands-Misleading Reports as to Their Character -Treaty of Saginaw-New Surveys by Cass and Establishment of a Land Office-Steam Transportation on Land and Water-Beginning of Great Immigration from the Eastern States-Demand for Roads-Steady Ad- vance in Local and Territorial Self-government-General Cass a Firm Advo- cate of Popular Education-A Period of Rapid Growth-The "Toledo War"-Admission of Michigan into the Union and First State Officials- Detroit in 1837-Centers of Population-Pioneer Life-An Era of Specula- tion-"Wild-cat" Banks-Internal Improvements-Removal of State Capital from Detroit to Lansing-Adoption of a New Constitution-A New Regime -Civil War Days-Michigan's Splendid Military Record-Zachariah Chand- ler-Governor Henry H. Crapo-Immigration Agents-Swamp Lands-Ag- ricultural Education-Governor Crapo and the Pardoning Power-Public Aid to Railroad Enterprises-Constitutional Convention of 1867-Governor Henry P. Baldwin-Governor John J. Bagley-The Greenback Movement- Governors Josiah W. Begole, Russell A. Alger, Cyrus W. Luce, Edwin B. Winans, John T. Rich and Hazen S. Pingree-The Spanish-American War- Governors Aaron T. Bliss, Fred M. Warner, Chase S. Osborne and Wood- bridge N. Ferris-Natural Resources of the State-Transportation-Edu- cational Advancement.
CHAPTER II-THE INDIANS OF GENESEE COUNTY. 101
Fragmentary Character of Indian History-Seldom Written Without Bias -Indian Attitude Towards White Man's Curiosity-Contradictory Writers -Character of the Red Men-Indians at the Time of the Discovery-The Story of Ay-oun-a-wa-ta-The Five Nations-Classification of the Various
33
CONTENTS.
Tribes-Hochelaga-Unsanitary Conditions Among the Indians-Cham- plain-Stephen Brule-Conflict Between the Canadian French and Their In- dian Allies and the Five Nations, Aided by the Dutch and English-Disper- sal of the Eastern Tribes and Their Coming to the Michigan Country-Story of The-People-who-went-out-of-the-land-Early Maps Showing Indian Oc- cupancy-Former Possessors of Genesee County-Only One Tribal Identity, the Sacs, Preserved-The Mound Builders-Genesee County Under Huron Iroquois Occupancy-An Indian Home and Occupations-Agriculture- The Ottawas-Variant Accounts of the Occupancy of Genesee County by the Indians-The Chippewas-The Pontiac War-The Indians and the War of 1812-Romantic Traditions-The Battle of Long Lake-The Captives of the Saginaw.
CHAPTER III-INDIAN TREATIES AND RESERVATIONS 149
The Treaty of 1807-Indian Occupancy of Genesee County-Treaty of Sagi- naw-Lewis Cass, Joseph Campan and Jacob Smith-Interesting Features of the Council with the Indians-Louis Campau's Account of the Council -Pertinent Provisions of the Treaty-The Tribal Reservation-Ne-o-me -Treaties of 1837 and Subsequently-Reservations to Individuals and Later Contests Over Them.
CHAPTER IV-SETTLEMENT OF FLINT BEFORE 1837 180 Flint, an Early Prominent Center of Settlement-Governor Cass's Tour of Observation and Discovery-The Grand Traverse-Origin of the Name, "Flint"-Indian Occupation-An Ignominious Whipping-First White Set- tler at Flint-Grand Blanc, a Rival Settlement-John Todd-Early Perma- nent Settlers-Organized Government-First Officers-Early Real Estate Prices-First Village Plats-First Postoffice Established-Land Office- Road Building-Mills-Influx of Settlers-First Schools-Early Religious Interest-Social Amusements-The Professions-Flint in 1837.
CHAPTER V-PIONEER DAYS IN THE TOWNSHIPS 198
Original Area of Genesee County-Organization of the Townships-Flint Township - Land Entries - Early Neighborhood Settlements - Earliest Schools-Township Records-Stock Marks-Libraries-School Districts- Grand Blanc Township-Land Entries and First Settlers-A Pioneer's Description of His Experiences-Village of Grand Blanc-Fenton Town- ship-Settlers and Land Entries-Beginning of the Village of Fenton- Reminiscences of Dr. S. W. Pattison and William M. Fenton-Platting and Settlement of the Village-Professional Men-Linden Village-Plat- ting of-Schools and Religious Societies-Mt. Pleasant Village-First Elec- tion of Township Officers-Atlas Township-Settlement-Village of Good- rich-First Township Meeting-Flushing Township-First Settlers-Pio- neer Conditions-The "English Settlement"-Flushing Village-Mundy Township-Land Entries, First Settlement and Other Early Events-Ar- gentine Township-Settlement-Village of Booton (Argentine)-Mt. Morris Township-Pioneers-Schools and Churches-"Coldwater Settlement" --- First Township Officers-Genesee Township-Settlement-First Religious Services-Timber and Saw-mills- First Township Officials-Gaines Town- ship-Settlement-First Township Meeting-Burton Township-The First Settlers-Religious Interests and Schools-First Township Meeting-Clay- ton Township-Original Natural Features-The Pioneers-The Miller,
CONTENTS.
Lyons and Donahoo Settlements-Organization of the Township-Vienna Township-First Settlers-Organization and First Officers of the Town- ship-Early Schools and Churches-Thetford Township-The Pioneers- Early Events-Organization and First Officials-Davison Township-Settle- ment-Organization-An Early Game Law-Richfield Township-Original Area-First Settlement-Pioneer Difficulties-First Events-Village Cen- ters- First Township Officials-Forest Township-Its Name-Early Set- tlers-First Township Officials-Montrose Township-Its Name-First Of- ficials- Early Prominent Citizens-Mills-The Winter of Want.
CHAPTER VI-FIRST COUNTY COURT 251 Various Judicial Districts in Which Genesee Has Been Placed-First County Officers-First Board of Supervisors Meeting-Tax Assessments- First Session of the Circuit Court-First Case Tried-Early Actions of the Board of Supervisors and County Commissioners.
CHAPTER VII-INDIAN TRAILS AND PUBLIC HIGHWAYS 254
A Nation's Civilization Gauged by Her Transportation Facilities-Indian Trails, the First Roads-Chief Trails in Genesee County-Beginning of Good Roads Movement-Record of Roads Laid Out by the Commissioners of Highways-Adoption of the County Good-roads System in 1909-Plank Road Companies-A Reminiscence of the Old Stage Coach-The Flint River as a Highway.
CHAPTER VIII-GEOLOGIC CONDITIONS OF SETTLEMENT 283 The Bed Rock and Glacial Drift-Original Drainage Beds-Pre-glacial Val- leys-Movements of the Glaciers-Present Peculiar Drainage System-The Shiawassee River and Its Tributaries -- Cement Industry-Salt Industry- Clay Mining-Brick Clays-Artesian Wells-Attempts to Develop Coal Mines-Altitudes-Topography and Natural Features of the Townships.
CHAPTER IX-PIONEER AGRICULTURE 307 Husbandry, the Earliest Industry of the White Settlers-Character of the Soil-Timber-Early Crops-Early Interest in Live Stock-Wool-growing and Sheep-shearing-Cattle Breeding-The Crapo Farm-Genesee County Agricultural Society-Fair Grounds.
CHAPTER X-FLINT RIVER VILLAGE, 1837-55. 314
Progress of Flint Typical of the County's Progress-A Period of Advance- ment-Mills-Roads and Railroads-First Brick Buildings-A Hidden Ro- mance-Early Industries-The Old Brick Court House- Early Lawyers- Doctors-Village Schools-The First Newspaper-Early Religious Interests -The First Library-Ladies Library Association of Flint-The Old Flint Band.
CHAPTER XI-MEXICAN AND CIVIL WARS 334 Genesee County Men in the War of 1812-The Civil War-Governor Blair's Patriotic Message-Other Public Utterances in 1862 -- Triumphant Return of the Soldiers at the Close of the Conflict-Michigan Battle Flags Presented to the State-Historical Sketches and Rosters of the Various Commands in Which Genesee County Men Were Enlisted-"The Heroic."
482
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XII-RAILROADS
Earliest Attempts at Railroad Building-First Michigan Company Incor- porated-Railroad Building Under Difficulties-First Railroad into Flint- Congressional Land Grants as Aids to Railroad Building-Later Lines Which Have Contributed to the Development of Genesee County.
CHAPTER XIII-EARLY YEARS OF FLINT CITY 494 Incorporation-The Tax Roll of 1855-First City Officers-Regarding Some of the Early Officers-Roster of City Officials-Financial Stringency in the Early Years of the City-Elements Which Gave Impulse to the City's Growth-A Wholesome Progress Along All Lines.
CHAPTER XIV-LUMBERING AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES 504 Pioneer Beginning of the Lumber Industry-A Typical Lumber Camp and Methods of Getting Out the Timber-Wonderful Development of Lumber Business During and After the War-The Crapo Mills and Others Which Followed-A Summary of the Lumber Situation-Flint's Manufacturing Development, a Normal and Legitimate Growth-Manufacturing Interests at Fenton and Flushing.
CHAPTER XV-BANKS AND BANKING 519
Michigan's First General Banking Law-"Wildcat" Banks and Unstable Currency-Low Real Estate Values-Later Splendid Results of Earlier Ex- periences-Legitimate Banking Houses in Flint and Brief Personal Mention of Some of the Men Interested in Their Success-Present Banks of Flint -Wonderful Growth in Bank Clearings-1915 a Phenomenal Year-Banks at Fenton, Otisville, Flushing. Clio, Davison, Gaines, Goodrich, Swartz Creek, Grand Blanc, Linden and Mt. Morris.
CHAPTER XVI-THE PRESS 554 The Press, a Potent Agency in the Development of a New Country-An Account of the Various Newspapers Which Have Existed and are Now Being Published in Genesee County.
CHAPTER XVII-BENCH AND BAR 551 Genesee First Attached to Oakland County for Judicial Purposes- First Practitioners Here-First Court Held in Genesee County-The First Resident Attorney-Edward H. Thomson and Others of the Early Attor- neys-Lawyers Here in 1850 -- William M. Fenton and Contemporaries- Judges of the Court-Judge Mark W. Stevens-The Genesee County Bar Association-Present Bar of the County-Genesee Civil List-State Offi- cers from This County-Circuit Judges- State Senators-State Representa- tives-Judges of Probate-Prosecuting Attorneys-Sheriffs-County Clerks -Registers of Deeds-County Treasurers.
CHAPTER XVIII-EARLY PHYSICIANS AND MEDICAL SOCIETIES_ 569 Comparison Between Early and Present Conditions of Medical Practice -Cyrus Baldwin, the First Doctor in Genesee County-Others Who Fol- lowed-The Genesee County Medical Association-Flint Academy of Med- icine-Physicians Here During the Seventies and Eighties-Genesee County Medical Society-Present Physicians of the County.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XIX-SCHOOLS AND EDUCATION 582
Early Interest in Educational Matters-Records Meager-The Little School in Flint River in 1834-Gradual, but Steady, Development of the Flint School System-School Districts-Superintendents of the City Schools- Parochial Schools-Officers and Teachers of the Flint Schools, 1916-Miss Hicok's School-State School for the Deaf-Schools at Fenton-Other Schools and Educational Institutions-Flint-Bliss Business College-Hur- ley Hospital Training School for Nurses-County Normal School.
CHAPTER XX-BOOKS AND LIBRARIES. 601 High Intellectuality of Early Settlers of Genesee County- Books in De- mand-List of Library Books, 1843-Flint Scientific Institute-Ladies' Li- brary Association-Free Public Library-The Present Library-Burton Ladies' Library.
CHAPTER XXI-RES LITERARIA 614 Genesee County's Contributions to the World of Letters-"The Aeolian Harp"-"Evening Prayer"-"Taps"-"A California Flower Calendar"-A Thanksgiving Poem.
CHAPTER XXII-SOCIAL LIFE 626 Some Interesting Reminiscences of Social Customs and Events of the Pio- neer Days in Genesee County-Forms of Amusement-A Pioneer Menu- A Change in Customs-Indian Callers on New Year's Day-The Old Har- monia Club-The Fuguenoids and the Flint Choral Society-Bands-Gen- esee County Pioneer Association and Its Eearly Reunions and Picnics- County Historical Society-A Poetic Tribute to the Brave Men and Women of Pioneer Days.
CHAPTER XXIII-CLUBS OF TODAY 649
The Club, a Natural Growth in Organized Society-American History Class-The Art Class-Mrs. Fobe's Reading Class-The Shakespeare Club -The Bangs Shakespeare Club-Columbian Club-The Twentieth Century Club-The Garland Street Literary Club-The Research Club-St. Cecelia Society-The Choral Union-The Flint Dramatic Club-The Rotary Club- Flint Golf Club-Woman's Council.
CHAPTER XXIV-FRATERNAL AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES 661 Independent Order of Odd Fellows-Daughters of Rebekah-Masonic Or- der, with Appendant Orders-Order of the Eastern Star-Royal Arcanum -Knights of the Maccabees-Knights of the Maccabees of the World- Degree of Honor-Grand Army of the Republic-National League of Vet- erans and Sons-Woman's Relief Corps-Daughters of the American Revo- lution-Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks-Knights of the Loyal Guard-Knights and Ladies of Security-Knights of Pythias-Tribe of Ben-Hur-Independent Order of Foresters-Modern Brotherhood of Amer- ica-Home Mutual Benefit Association-Ladies' Catholic Benevolent As- sociation-Knights of Columbus-Fraternal Order of Eagles-Modern Woodmen of America-Ancient Order of Hibernians-Brotherhood of American Yeomen-Royal Neighbors of America-National Union-Loyal Order of Moose-The Vehicle Club-Young Men's Christian Association- Young Women's Christian Association-The King's Daughters-The Child's Welfare Society-St. Michael's Benevolent Society-St. Paul's
CONTENTS.
Men's Club-Trades Unions-Flint Factories Mutual Benefit Association -Lodges at Fenton, Linden, Flushing, Clio, Otisville, Montrose, Swartz Creek and Davison.
CHAPTER XXV-PATRIOTIC SOCIETIES. 694 Daughters of the American Revolution-Order of the Stars and Stripes- Soldiers and Sailors of Genesee County-Grand Army of the Republic- Woman's Relief Corps-National League of Veterans and Sons-Regi- mental Reunions-Flint Union Blues-Spanish War Veterans.
CHAPTER XXVI-VILLAGES OF GENESEE COUNTY 713
. Brief Historical Description of Fenton, Flushing, Clio, Davison, Grand Blanc, Linden, Montrose, Gaines, Mt. Morris, Swartz Creek, Goodrich, Otisville, Atlas, Geneseeville, Thetford Center, Pine Run, Argentine, Whig- ville, Crapo Farm, Brent Creek, Rankin Postoffice, Otterburn, Belsay and Richfield Center.
CHAPTER XXVII-RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS. 729 Methodist Episcopal Churches-Free Methodist Church-Methodist Prot- estant Church-Evangelical Churches-Presbyterian Churches-Baptist Churches-Catholic Churches-Episcopal Church-Christ's Mission-Advent Church-Congregational Church-Church of Christ, Scientist-Salvation Army-Flint Ministerial Association-Churches in the County Outside of Flint.
CHAPTER XXVIII-THE GOLDEN JUBILEE 748 The City's Fiftieth Anniversary-Account of the Celebration, by Rev. Theo- dore D. Bacon-Illumination of the City-Laying of the Cornerstone of the Federal Building-Dedication of Memorial Tablets-Dedication of the Public Library-Dedication of the County Court House.
CHAPTER XXIX-GREATER FLINT 771 A Wonderful Transformation-Phenomenal Increase in Population and In- dustries-Early History of the Place-First Industries-Lumbering Inter- ests-Advent of William Crapo Durant and the Vehicle Business-Rise of the Automobile Industry in Flint and the Impetus It Gave to the Growth of the City-Population-City Officials, 1916-Flint City Plats, Additions and Subdivisions-Assessed Valuation, Tax Rate and Amount Raised by Taxes for the Past Five Years-A City of Homes-Civic Building Asso- ciation-Board of Commerce-Parks and Boulevards-Park Board-Water- works-Sewers-Paving and Sidewalks-Fire Department-Police Depart- ment-General Motors Emergency Hospital -- Michigan State Telephone Company-Steam and Electric Railroad Conditions-Flint Industries, 1916- The Postoffice- Hurley Hospital-Oak Grove Hospital-Condensed Data Concerning Flint-Conclusion.
APPENDIX A-STATISTICS 815 United States Census of 1910. Relating to Genesee County-Population Statistics - Mortality Statistics - Occupation Statistics - Agriculture- Wealth, Debt and Taxation-Ownership of Homes-Manufactures.
APPENDIX B-TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. 1916
831
HISTORICAL INDEX VOLUME I
A
Academy of Medicine
575
Advent Church
742
African Methodist Church
734
Agricultural Societies
312
Agricultural Statistics
823
Agriculture, Pioneer
307
Aitken, David D.
540, 566, 659, 685
Alger, Governor Russell A.
88
Altitudes
291
Amusements, Early
634
Ancient Order of Hibernians
680
Ancient Order of United Workmen 691
Argentine
229, 726
Argentine Township-
Lakes
296
Land Entries 228
Mills
229
Natural Features
296
Officials
831
Organization
198
Population
815
Soil
296
Streams
296
Artesian Wells
290
Atherton Settlement
235
Atlas
290, 724
Atlas Township-
Glacial Remains 286
Gravel
287
Lakes
295
Natural Features
295
Officials, First
224
Officials, Present
831
Organization
198, 222
Population
815
Settlement
187, 222
Streams
295
Attorneys
196,321, 551
Atwood, William A.
536
Automobile Industry
774
Axford, Dr. S. M.
573
Ay-oun-a-wa-ta, Story of
104
B
Bagley, Governor John J.
85
Baldwin, Governor Henry P.
84
Bank Clearings
540
Banking Law, First General
68
Banks and Banking
519
Baptist Churches
327, 715, 718, 737, 745
Bar Association
563
Bates, William R.
563
Begole, Governor Josiah W.
86, 530, 566, 568
Belsay
728
Bench and Bar
551
Benevolent and Protective Order of
Elks
675
Benevolent Societies
661
Ben-Hur, Tribe of
677
Bishop, Russell
536
Bliss, Governor Aaron T.
94
Books and Libraries
601
Booton Postoffice
229, 726
Bounty Lands
58
Brent Creek
727
Brick Clays
289
Brotherhood of American Yeomen.
680
Burton Ladies' Library
612
Burton Township-
Atherton Settlement 235
Gravel
287
Indian Trails
254
Natural Features
299
Officials, First
236
Officials, Present
831
Organization
198
Population
815
Religious Interests
236
HISTORICAL INDEX.
Burton Township-Cont.
Schools
236
Settlement 235
Soil
299
Streams
299
Timber
299
C
Cadillac, M. de la Motte 43
Campau, Joseph
152, 169
Campau, Louis
152, 158, 160
Care for the Poor
253
Carriage-making
773
Cartier, Jacques
113
Carton, John J.
527, 565, 567, 659
Cass, Lewis
55, 63, 151, 154, 180
Catholic Churches
194, 329, 715, 718, 721, 738, 745
Cattle Raising
311
Cayugas
106
Cement Industry
288
Census Reports
815
Champlain, Samuel de
33, 113, 115
Chandler, Zacharialı
74
Child's Welfare Society
687
Chippewas
59, 118, 128, 133, 149, 151, 162, 165, 181
Church of Christ, Scientist
742
Churches
729
Cigar Manufacturing
512
Circuit Judges
253, 566
Civil List
565
Civil War
334
Civil War Days in the State
73
Clay Mining
289
Clayton Township-
Donahoo Settlement
238
Lyons Settlement
238
Miller Settlement
237
Natural Features
237, 299
Officials, First
238
Officials, Present
831
Organization
198
Population
815
Religious Interests
237
Schools
237
Settlement
238
Soil
299
Taxpayers, 1844
238
Timber, Original
299
Clerks, County 567
Clio-
Banks
542
Board of Commerce
717
Brick Industry
290
Churches
717, 746
Location
717
Lodges
692, 702
Officials
718
Physicians
1
581
Population
815
Schools
598
Clubs of Today
6-19
Coal Strata
291
"Coldwater Settlement"
187, 194, 230, 722
Colleges in the State
100
Congregational Church
742
Congressmen from Genesee County 566
Constitution, State, Adopted
65
Constitutional Convention, 1867.
84
Copper in Michigan, First Account
of
38
County Clerks
567
County Court, First
251, 552
County Normal School
600
County Officers, First
251
County Seat Located
251
Court Calendar, First
252
Court, First County
251, 552
Court House Dedication
769
Court House History
252, 321
Crapo Farm
311, 727
Crapo, Henry H.
76, 77, 81,
290, 311, 488, 507, 522, 565, 566, 727
Crapo Mills
502, 507
Crapo, W. W.
535
Crosswell, Governor Charles M
85
Customs of Indians
126
D
Daughters of Rebekah
663
Daughters of the American Revolu-
tion
674, 694
Davison-
Altitude
291
Artesian Well
291
Banks
542
Churches
718
HISTORICAL INDEX.
Davison-Cont.
Location
718
Lodges
693, 701, 718
Officials
718
Physicians
571, 581
Population
718, 815
Postoffice, Early
718
Schools
598
Davison Township-
Drainage
302
Game Law
243
Gravel
287
Lakes
302
Natural Features
302
Officials, First
243
Officials, Present
831
Organization
198, 241
Population
815
Settlement
241
Soil
302
Streams
302
Swamps
302
Deaf, State School for the
592
Deeds, Registers of
568
Degree of Honor
672
Delawares
109
Detroit
42, 47, 50, 53, 66, 149
Dibbleville (Fenton)
210
Doctors
569
Domestic Animals
824, 826
Donahoo Settlement
238
Dort, J. D.
513, 658, 659, 685, 773, 786, 805
Drainage Beds
283
"Drummer Boy of the Eighth"
371
Duffield
290, 291
Durand, George H.
562, 564, 566
Durant, William C.
513, 773
F
Eagles, Fraternal Order of
679
Early Days in Flint 626
Early Families
192
Early Permanent Settlers
186
Early Physicians
197, 322, 569
Early Years of Flint City
494
Eastern Star, Order of the
669, 690
Education
582
Educational Advancement in State.
98
Elks
675
English Settlement
226
Episcopal Churches.
328, 715, 740, 745
Evangelical Churches
734
"Evening Prayer"
614
Explorations of Michigan
36
F
Factories' Mutual Benefit Ass'n. 690
Fair Grounds
313
Farm Property, Value of
824
Fayville
241
Fenton-
Altitude
291
Banks
541, 542
Beginning of
713
Campaign of 1840
219
Cement Industry
715
Churches
715, 745
Early Days
213
Growth
714
Immigration
213
Industries
514
Interesting Events
214
Lawyers, Early
196, 220
Location
713
Lodges
690, 703, 71.5
Mail Routes
218
Manufacturing Developments
514
Mills
514, 517
Newspapers
550
Officials
715
Physicians
570, 581
Platted
220
Population
815
Schools
596
Settlement
220
Streets
217
Tavern, First
220
Woman's Civic Society
715
Fenton Light Guard
355
Fenton Township-
Glacial Remains 286
Gravel
287
Indian Burial Place
293
Lakes
292
Land Entries
207
Long Lake
293
Natural Features
292
HISTORICAL INDEX.
Fenton Township-Cont.
Officials, First 222
Officials, Present 831
Organization
198
Physician, First
209
Population
815
Settlement
207
Streams
292
Fenton, William M. 76, 211, 215, 220, 372, 495, 522, 528. 529, 531, 556, 558, 565,
566, 573
Ferris, Woodbridge N. 94
First County Court 251, 552
First Court Calendar 252
Five Nations, the 106
Flint-
Additions 781
Altitude 291
American
History Class
649
Area
784
Art Class
649
Assessed Valuation
782
Automobile Industry 774
Bands 332
638
Banks 520
Blacksmith, First
187
Board of Commerce 785
Board of Education 590
Board of Health
791
Brick Buildings, First 316
Brick Clay
290
Business College 600
Cemetery 329
Choral Society 638, 658
Churches 729
Cigar Manufacturing 512
City Charter
494
Civic Building Association 784
Clerks, City 499
Clubs of Today 649
Columbian Club 653
County Seat, Chosen 251
Dramatic Club 658
Earliest Days 771
Early Industries 319
Early Social Life 626
Education 193, 323, 502
Election, First City 497
Federal Building 754
Fire Department 790
Flint-Cont.
First Settlers 183
First Store 191
Fraternities
661, 694
Fuguenoids, the 638
General Motors Hospital 791
Golden Jubilee
748
Golf Club 659
Greater Flint 771
Harmonia Club 636
Homes, a City of 784
Hospitals 791, 795, 810
Hotels, Early 194
Hurley Hospital 795
In 1837 197
In 1838
772
In 1886
773
Incorporation
494
Indian Occupancy 181
Industries, Early 319, 502
Industries, 1916 777, 793
Ladies Library Association 331, 607
Land Office
189, 772
Latitude 291
Lawyers, Early 196, 321, 553
Libraries
330, 601, 611, 762
Lodges
329, 661
Longitude 291
Lumber Industry 501, 504, 772
Mail Routes, Early 278
Mayors
497
Memorial Tablets
758
Mills
190, 315, 502, 507, 772
Ministerial Association 744
Miscellaneous Facts 812
Newspapers
325, 544
Oak Grove Hospital 810
Officials, First 497
Officials, 1916 780
Official Roster 498
Old Flint Band
332
Park Board
788
Parks
786
Parochial Schools
588
Paving 789
Physicians, Early 197, 322, 571
Physicians, Present 580
Plats
188, 781
Police Department
790
Population
779. 815, 816
HISTORICAL INDEX.
Flint-Cont.
Population, Wonderful Growth in 771
Postoffice History
189, 794
Public Schools
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