History of Ingham and Eaton counties, Michigan, Part 74

Author: Durant, Samuel W. cn
Publication date: 1880
Publisher: Philadelphia : D.W. Ensign & Co.
Number of Pages: 772


USA > Michigan > Eaton County > History of Ingham and Eaton counties, Michigan > Part 74
USA > Michigan > Ingham County > History of Ingham and Eaton counties, Michigan > Part 74


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


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SCHOOL STATISTICS.


The early school records of Stockbridge afford no infor- mation regarding its educational interests other than the division of the township into eight whole and fractional school districts. The time and energies of the board of school inspectors scemed chiefly employed in enlarging or diminishing the borders of the various districts, as other business, with the exception of an occasional apportionment of school moneys, is not a matter of record.


The " memory of the oldest inhabitant" affords even less light as to the early schools of Stockbridge. The first school building was probably erected in what was known as the Lowe neighborhood as carly as 1837. It was built of logs, and did good service until a more pretentious frame structure was substituted in response to the demand of an increasing population. The first instructor is not remem- bered. Peter Lowe, now of Mason, was an early teacher, but disclaims any association with this particular school.


The present school territory of Stockbridge is divided into one fractional and six whole districts, over which pre- side the following board of directors : Peter McIntire, O. S. Gregory, John Holmes, D. B. Whiting, H. H. Bru- erton, H. Stocking, and A. G. Miller. The school prop- erty of the township, which is valued at $4050, embraces three briek and four frame buildings; 255 scholars re- ceived instruction during the past year, of whom twelve were non-resident. They were under the supervision of five male and thirteen female teachers, who received an ag- gregate amount of $989.10 in salaries. The total resources of the township for educational purposes are $1739.90, of which $143.25 is derived from the primary school fund.


STOCKBRIDGE.


303


BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.


DAVID ROGERS.


DAVID ROGERS.


Around the name and memory of the first settler there always elings a peculiar interest. Could he in the dim future discern the magnitude of the structure to be erceted upon the foundation he was preparing ? Did visions of a densely populated country, teeming with wealth, and dotted by villages, greet his mind's eye, and thus encourage him to press on ? Such was David Rogers, the first to erect a habita- tion in the wilderness of Stockbridge. He was born Oct. 26, 1798, at Newark, N. J. Boyhood and youth were passed at home and school. On Dec. 22, 1825, he married Miss Mary Davis. She was also a native of Newark, N. J., born Sept. 17, 1808. The first two years of their wedded life were spent in Yates Co., N. Y. Closing out his business, they returned to New Jersey. There was much talk at that time about Michigan Territory, aud in the fall of 1833 they decided to try their fortune in the Western wilds. Disposing of their property excepting their household goods, they came to Washtenaw Co., Mich., in October, 1834. He made a location of land in Stoekbridge. Returning, he constructed a portable frame house intended for their future habitation. The following spring it was loaded upon a wagon and carried to its destination, The ground cleared and building erected, they beeame the first actual settlers of Stockbridge. Others soon followed and a township organ- ized, which embraced a much larger territory than at pres- ent. Soon after his arrival he opened a store and sold goods to the early settlers as they came in, and traded with the Indians, besides clearing off and improving his land. Mr. Rogers occupied not only public places of trust, to which he was repeatedly elected, but always possessed the unlimited confidence and esteem of a large circle of acquaintances. Mr. Rogers lived to the advanced age of seventy-seven. His death occurred March 22, 1875. Peacefully he passed away, leaving a large circle of relatives and friends who sincerely lament his death. Mrs. Rogers resides in Stoek-


M-C.


MRS. MARY ANN ROGERS.


bridge, surrounded by a large cirele of friends and relatives, in peace and tranquillity of a long life well spent. Mrs. Rogers and her deceased husband were the parents of eight children,-viz., Joseph D., born Nov. 28, 1826, resides in Stockbridge ; Mrs. Emma Ellis, born Dec. 29, 1828, Plym- outh, Ohio ; Eliza, born April 15, 1831, died at one year of age; Stephen B., born Aug. 1, 1834, killed in battle ; Mrs. Mary Ann Isbell and David N., born Sept. 18, 1837, reside in this township; James B., born Nov. 28, 1840, died in infancy ; Mrs. Adaline Rokes, born Nov. 20, 1843, resides in Illinois.


S. C. PROCTOR.


S. C. Proctor was the third in a family of nine children, born at Cambridge, La Moille Co., Vt. Ilis parents being io indigent circumstances, he was obliged at a very early age to provide for himself. In his twenty-first year he came west as far as Niagara Co., N. Y., where he remained one year ; then, in company with four others, set out for the Territory of Michigan, performing the entire journey on foot. Passing through Canada and as far west as Grass Lake, here they learned that the land in Ingham County was subject to entry at government price, and that by fol- lowing certain Indian trails, marked trees, and occasionally passing a settler's cabin, one Gregory would be found who had a plat of the lands not taken; and could locate them. Mr. Proctor selected a fractional one hundred and twenty acres on section 1. His journey had somewhat reduced his capital, and he was obliged to borrow to complete his payment, afterwards working by the month to cancel the debt. The location was made in April, 1835. Writing home of his good success and inviting them to come, he set about erecting a log cabin for their reception, and in which he a few months later had the pleasure of seeing


304


HISTORY OF INGIIAM COUNTY, MICHIGAN.


S. C. PROCTOR.


them established. He continued to work by the month, occasionally making some improvements upon his place, for about five years. He returned home to Niagara Co., N. Y., and married, May 21, 1840, Miss Cordelia, daughter of Solomon and Lydia (Hunt) Johnson. She was born Nov. 19, 1819. On his return home they shared the house with his parents until he could ereet another, to which the parents removed, leaving the young people in the enjoyment of their first home in the wilderness. For a time they pros- pered, then reverses came, and he was obliged to sell his only team, a yoke of oxen, with which his father and family had journeyed from the far East, to procure the necessaries of life. The following season their lands yielded an abun- dant harvest, and prosperity dawned upon them.


Mr. and Mrs. Proetor are the parents of seven children. George H., born May 8, 1841, resides at White Oak ; Asa J., born June 22, 1843, lives iu Stockbridge ; Alice, born Aug. 27, 1849, lives at home; Albert J., born Sept. 22, 1857, also at home; Cassius S., born July 6, 1860, killed by a runaway team when about cleven years old; Deacon C., died in infancy.


Mr. and Mrs. Proetor have been members of the Meth- odist Episcopal Church since they began the journey of life together, and now in the fullness of time rejoice that their lives have been spared to see their children established in life and prosperous. They have always enjoyed the esteem of a large circle of friends, and together they are walking hand-in-hand the path that leads to a bright hereafter.


ABRAM FORCE.


The paternal grandparents of Abram Force resided in New Jersey. Being desirous of bettering their condition in life, they removed to the wilderness region of Genesee Co., N. Y. The father engaged in the boot and shoe bnsi- ness. l'eter, a son, followed that occupation until he had attained to manhood, when he returned to the land of his


MRS. S. C. PROCTOR.


nativity to wed Miss Mary Garberant, the choice of his boyhood days, where he resided for about ten years. His father presented him with forty acres of land in Stockbridge, Ingham Co., to which he removed in the month of June, 1837. All of his means were consumed in reaching his des- tination. Securing accommodations for his family with those more fortunate than himself in possessing a shelter, he returned as far as Manchester, Washtenaw Co., where he remained employed until the following spring. He then erected a log cabin and spent the summer in chopping and clearing, returning to Manchester in the fall. With the opening of spring he returned to his home, and to a suc- cessful acomplishment of the objeet sought, a home of plenty. Abram was the third in their family of seven chil- dren, born Jan. 25, 1830.


Although but a lad when the family removed to Stock- bridge, he distinctly remembers the hardships passed through in those days. When only eight years of age, lie provided the fuel for the entire winter's use by exchanging work with a neighbor's boy, they more fortunately possess- ing a yoke of oxen, with which he hauled the wood, after having cut it from the fallen timber. He remained at home until of age, occasionally doing a job of clearing. In the spring of 1852 he married Miss Jerusha Colsome, but before one short year had passed she was laid to rest in the grave. Again, Dec. 13, 1854, he married Miss Frances, daughter of Edwin and Permilla Norton, natives of Con- neeticut. They had resided in Barry, Orleans Co., N. Y., previons to their removal to Ingham County. She was boru Jan. 20, 1836, at Hartford, Conn. Their union has been blessed with one child, Nellie E., born Sept. 22, 1868. In 1853, Mr. Force purchased one hundred and sixty acres of wild land on section 30, and in the fall of 1855 forty-four aeres adjoining, having a small frame honse, into which they mnoved. From that date on, every venture has been a suc- cess. We need not linger over a description of his prop- erty, but refer the reader to the view accompanying this sketch.


RESIDENCE OF A . H. FORCE, STOCKBRIDGETR, INGHAM CO., MICH.


VEVAY.


NATURAL FEATURES.


GEOGRAPHY, TOPOGRAPHY, ETC.


THE township of Vevay lies near the centre of Ingham County, being bounded north by Alaiedon, east by Ingham, south by Leslie, and west by Aurelius. It includes town- ship 2 north, in range 1 west, the principal meridian of the State forming its eastern boundary-line. Said boundary was surveyed in 1824 by Joseph Wampler, and the north, west, and south boundaries in 1825 by John Mullett. The subdivisions were surveyed by Hervey Parke in 1826.


The Saginaw division of the Michigan Central Railway passes across the township in a general north-and-south direction, having stations at Mason and Eden (the latter in the south part of town). The corporation of the city of Mason includes sections 4, 5, 8, and 9.


Portions of the township are level, notably in the south- ern part, and in the east and north, along Mud and Syca- more Creeks, the surface is rolling and hilly. Occasional swamps abound, and springs are numerous in most parts of the township. A high gravel ridge extends from north- west to southeast, near the Sycamore Creek, across the township. The improvements are generally fine, and excel- lent farms are the rule.


LAND ENTRIES.


The following is a list of those who entered land in the township of Vevay (town 2 north, range 1 west), as shown by the tract-book in the office of the county register :


Section I .- Nov. 10, 1835, Charles Thayer; also March 24, 1836; April 1, 1836, James R. Langdon.


Section 2 .- Governeur Kemble, March 24, 1836 ; James R. Langdon, April 1, 1836 ; Garrett Dubois, July 1, 1839.


Section 3 .- Milton B. Adams, May 4, 1836; Henry Shafer, July 14, 1836 ; Albert Smith, July 23, 1836.


Section 4 .- Nelson H. Wing, March 24, 1836; Henry Shafer, Peter Linderman, Benjamin C. Page, July 14, 1836 ; Albert Smith, July 23, 1836.


Section 5 .- Charles Noble, Jan. 28, 1836 ; Peter Linderman, July 14, 1836; Joseph Yeo, July 23, 1836.


Section 6 .- Theodore Johnson, July 19, 1836; Joseph Yeo, July 23, 1836 ; Jacob Ten Eyck, Nov. 1, 1836 ; Orson Herrington, June 15, 1839; Warreo Munger, June 10, 1843.


Section 7 .- Orman Cox, Joseph Yeo, July 23, 1836.


Section 8 .- Charles Noble, Jan. 28, 1836; Benjamin W. Raymond, Feb. 15, 1836 ; Albert Smith, July 23, 1836; Philetus Whitford, Dec. 14, 1836 ; Minos MeRobert, April 19, 1839.


Section 9 .- Charles Noble, Jan. 28, 1836 ; Simeon N. Dexter, Feb. 15, 1836 ; Daniel Cook, May 6, 1836; David M. Hard and I. Peck, May 12, 1836 ; Jobn B. Holmes, July 19, 1836.


Section 10 .- Charles Thayer, Oet. 29, 1835 ; Governeur Kemble, March 24, 1836 ; Harvey M. Rose, July 14, 1836 ; Elisha R. Searl, same date.


Section 11 .- James R. Langdon, April 1, 1836 ; Charles Butler, April 29, 1836 ; John Williams, July 14, 1836.


# By Pliny A. Durant.


Section 12 .- Charles Thayer, Nov. 20, 1835 ; Nelson H. Wing, Charles


Thayer, Governeur Kemblo, March 24, 1836; Luther H. Trask, March 25, 1836.


Section 13 .- James R. Langdon, April 1, 1836; Hiram Parker, Albert Smith, July 23, 1836.


Section 14 .- Governenr Kemble, March 24, 1836 ; Miltoo B. Adams, May 4, 1836 ; Henry A. Hawley, Charles Gray, July 23, 1836 ; Thomas Northrup, Feb. 24. 1845.


Section 15 .- John Rhodes, Philo Reed, Joseph Bassett, July 14, 1836. Section 16 .- J. Mioer, F. Beam (no dates given).


Section 17 .- llenry E. Fifield, Alvah True, George M. Fifeld, Orrin Miner, July 19, 1836 ; Alvah True, Nov. 2, 1836.


Section 18 .- Orman Coe (entire seetion), July 23, 1836.


Section 19 .- Orman Coe, Ilannibal G. Rice, July 23, 1836; Obod Barlow, Dee. 14, 1836.


Section 20 .- Jasper S. Wolcott, July 19, 1836; David Cady, same date ; Lyman Miner, Sept. 26, 1836 : Obed Barlow, Dec. 14, 1836 ; Alvah True, Sr., 1847.


Section 21 .- William R. Brush (entire), July 23, 1836.


Section 22 .- Orman Coe (entire), July 23, 1836.


Section 23 .- Silas Titus, Jan. 16, 1836 ; Loeretia Phillips, Henry A.


Hawley, Charles Gray, Belinda Warner, July 23, 1836; Ira Chandler, May 25, 1837.


Section 24 .- Silas Titus, Jan. 16, 1836 ; L. Powell, W. Lewis, and N. Seymour, May 14, 1836 ; Abner Bartlett, April 8, 1837 ; Aaron Van Vleek, April 20, 1837; Charles D. Bartlett, Theron W. Searl, April 21, 1837.


Section 25 .- Milton B. Adams, May 4, 1836 ; Iliram Parker, July 23, 1836 ; Enos B. Smith, April 28, 1837 ; Alexander Brown, May 27, 1840 : Samuel Neill, 1847.


Section 26 .- Orman Coe, July 23, 1836 ; Benjamin F. Smith, Levi G. Smith, April 28, 1837.


Section 27 .- Jesse Ferguson, Jan. 14, 1836 ; Milton B. Adams, May 4, 1836 ; Mahlon Covert, May 25, 1837 ; Edwin Hubbard, Dec. 3, 1838 ; Francis Bartley, Sept. 5, 1840.


Section 28 .- Milton B. Adams, May 14, 1836; William R. Brush, Kendrick Leach, Harvey Nutt, July 23, 1836.


Section 29 .- Nathan Rolfe, Hiram Austin, Enoch HIowe, Mary Aus- tin, July 19, 1836; Pliny Rolfe, Sept. 26, 1836; Walter Sherman, Dec. 14, 1836.


Section 30 .- Nathan Rolfe, Watson Rolfe, Orrin Miner, July 19, 1836 ; · Nelson H. Wing, Sept. 27, 1836 ; Joseph MeMichael, Sept. 30, 1836.


Section 31 .- Asa Hill, Joho B. Holmes, July 19, 1836; Orrin Miner, July 23, 1836; Luther Mills, Sept. 21, 1836; Noah Phelps, May 23, 1837; Asa Ilill, 1847.


Section 32 .- Nathan Rolfe, July 19, 1836 ; Thomas Tait, Jan. 21, 1837 ; Jesse Barlow, Sept. 23, 1836 ; Lorenzo Daggett, Jude 14, 1837. Section 33 .- William M. Moore, July 23, 1836; John M. Marshall, David Gray, Nov. 3, 1836; Schuyler Benton, Dec. 14, 1836; James Chase, Oet. 22, 1845; Joseph Chase, 1847.


Section 34 .- Orman Coe (entire), July 23, 1836.


Section 35 .- Hiram Clark, Amos Wortman, April 4, 1837; David Lockwood, April 17, 1837 ; Noah Phelps, May 23, 1837.


Section 36 .- Elijah Woodwortb, April 4, 1837 ; William Bailey, Feb. 8, 1838; Samnel Neill, Sept. 5, 1848.


EARLY SETTLEMENT.


The first improvement in the township was made early in 1836, where Mason now stands, and an account of it will be found in the history of that city. The first to settle in the township as farmers located in the southern part, which has since been known as the " Rolfe settlement."


305


39


306


IIISTORY OF INGHIAM COUNTY, MICHIGAN.


Ephraim, Nathan, Benjamin, Ira, Hazen, and Manasseh Rolfe, from Vermont* and New York, all located in the township. Nathan, Benjamin, and Ira came together in the summer of 1836, reaching Detroit June 30th. Eph- raim, llazen, and Manasseh eame afterwards, at intervals of a year or two. The last named was a physician, and re- moved subsequently to Eaton Rapids, where he died from the effects of a dissecting wound. When the Rolfes first came to the township the only improvement therein was on the site of Mason, where a small elearing had been made and a log house built. Ira Rolfe built a house on the place he now occupies in Vevay upon his first arrival, but left his family at Saline, Washtenaw Co., and did not be- come a permanent settler until 1838, having engaged io the mean time in teaming back and forth from Saline. The six brothers settled in one neighborhood, and in the midst of a dense forest.


The following account of the settlement of Benjamin Rolfe in this township was written by his son, Alvin Rolle, and is preserved in the records of the County Pioneer Society :


" In 1834 my father, Benjamin Relfe, and family moved from Thet- ford, Orange Co., Vt., to Genesee Co., N. Y. They stayed there until June, 1836, then moved to Michigan. They started from Bethany Thursday, and got to Detroit Sunday morning, coming on the boat 'Thomas Jefferson.' It was in the time of the great June freshet, which many will remember. The country from Detroit to Ann Arbor was all covered with water. It took us from Monday morning until Friday night to get to Saline, in Washtenaw County,-distance forty miles, which can now be traveled in two hours. Came from Saline to Jackson, and stopped there until we looked up land, which was in this town. We went to the land-office in Kalamazoo and took up the land, paying $100 for eighty acres. We started from Jackson Mon- day morning. cut our road to Vevay, and had to ford Grand River. We built a shanty on the place I now live on. This was the first blow struck in this part of the town, f-July, 1836. . . . The first time I went to Mason there was a small piece chopped on the section-line, near where the Donnelly House now stands, by E. B. Danforth. The next spring be sowed it to turnips, raising the largest I ever saw. Our Dearest saw- and grist-mill was at Jackson. Some would like to know how we got along withent lumber to build with. Fer floors we eut nice basswood logs and split them into planks, ' spotted' them on the under side, and laid them down even as we coold, then adzed them off, which made quite passable flooring. For a roof we preled bark. For gable-ends we split shakes. The first lamher we had we got in Jnek- son, for a coffin for a sister of mine. She died April 7, 1837, and I think wus the first person who died in the town. The first marriage was That of Jasper Wolcott and Ilurriet Sergeant, now the wife of Edwin Ilabbard. The first birth, I think, was Nelson Wolcott, son of Jasper Wolcott. The first saw-mill built in the county was hy E. B. Danforth. A man by the name of Lacey took the job in the som- mer of 1836. The first grist-mill was started by Mr. Danforth, who got a pair of mill-stones about twenty inches in diameter, set them in the corner of his saw-mill, and propelled them by the bull-wheel of the mill. Many a bag of corn have I carried on my back from my place to Mason, without any road, to get it ground. The first road we had from my place to Mason was eut in 1837."


Mr. Rolfe speaks of the " money" in circulation in 1836 -37, as follows :


"Good money was not to be found. All the money we had was wildent, not worth the paper it was printed on. There are some who remember those times. It was all the money we could get in 1836-37.


" Ira Rolfe was directly from Thetford, Orange Co., Vt. llis brothers had lived in Genesee Co., N. Y. Ira is the only survivor of the six brothers, and is seventy - eight years of age.


t The Rolfes settled in the southwestern part of the township.


" When men complain of hard times and find fault with our gov- ernment and the curreney, which is the best we ever had, I want to tell them they do not know anything about hard times. If they had to pay len bushels of wheat for one axe; twenty-five dollars for a barrel of flour; forty dollars for a barrel of pork ; two dollars for eats; twenty-two cents per pound for fresh pork; fifty cents per pound for butter, and other things in proportion, and their money would not keep over-night, then they would have reason to eour- plain."


The " neighborhood," at the time of which Mr. Rolle writes, extended thirty or forty miles. He at one time went to the raising of a saw-mill, at the old village of Jef- ferson, on section 29, in Alaiedon township. It was up by dark and Mr. Rolfe returned home, arriving about two o'clock in the morning.


Peter Linderman settled on the northwest quarter of section 4 (farm now owned by Mr. Russell), in the summer of 1836 .¿ He cut out the first road leading to the place, and built a house, the doors and windows for which were brought from Ann Arbor. His daughter, Mary llammond, wrote as follows of his settlement, in IS73:


"Our nearest neighbor north of us was Mr. Scott, distant twenty- five miles. We did not see these neighbors very often, but beard of them offen, as hardly a night passed but our house was filled with men looking after land. When I first saw Mason there were, I think, twenty acres chopped, two leg houses, and a saw-will being built. Mr. Lacy and Mr. Blain, with their families, wero the only white people living here. Mr. Danforth came soon after and took charge of affairs as the agent of the village. Doring the winter the saw-mill was finished, and in the spring of 1837 the school-house was built. School commenced, I think, in June. Miss Laey Relfo taught for one dollar per week. There were eight pupils. The In- dians often came to visit our school, and wondered what we were doing. The first night I stayed in Mason there were several bun- dred Indians enenmped near where the court-house now stands. The first circuit prencher was a Mr. Jackson, who preached one year. The first Presbyterian Church was organized, in 1839, by the Rev. Mr. Childs, of Albion. The first settled pastor was the Rev. F. P. Emer- son, who stayed here some three years.


" At Dexter was oor nearest post-office and store, or grocery. I ean remember, in the spring of 1837, that my father was appointed justice of the pence, and he had to go to Jackson to qualify. All the road that then existed was an Indian trail. . . . Settlers came in fust, and Mason soon became a thriving village." .


James Chase, a native of' Greene Co., N. Y., settled in Vevay township in 1845.


At the present time (August, 1880) there are living in Mason Mrs. Whitney Smith and Mrs. G. D. Pease, who are the daughters of Joab Page,§ an early settler in the township. The story of the settlement of the family is thus told by Mrs. Smith :


" My father, Joah Page, came with his family into Michigan in the winter of 1831-32; arrived nt Jacksonburgh about the 16th of February, 1832,-then only one framed house there. This was built by a Mr. Ames ; he then, having jost baried his wife, routed the houso to my father for a few months. Father built the first saw-mill in Jackson County. It was situated a few rods onst of the present southern depot. The second one he built upon his own land, eight


# William HI. Horton, brother to Mrs. Linderman, states that Mr. Linderman had come to Ann Arbor in May, 1836. Daring the sam- mer he went to Kalamazoo and entered land for himself and Mr. llorton, and in the fall moved upon his own place in Vevay, arriving at evening of the 2d day of October. On awaking the next morning they discovered about six inches of snow on the ground.


2 Mr. Page was formerly a resident of Fairfield, Franklin Co., Vt., and settled nt Jacksonburgh (now Jackson), Mich., in 1832. He died al Mason, April 28, 1863.


307


VEVAY.


miles east of Jackson, and two miles south of the old trail-road run- ning from Detroit to Marshall. He built and kept the first hotel in Grass Lake. In 1836 the emigration into the interior of Miebigan was se great that we eounted in one day over sixty wagons ; it was almost a continuous string of teams, each earrying a family and their entire possessions. They usually carried and cooked their own provisions.


"In the year 1840 wo moved to Vevay, Ingham Co., near the Rolfe settlement. We were obliged to eut our road to our home, one and a half miles. No schools nor distriets were organized at that time, but the neighbors coneluded to have a school. My sister, Orcelia Page (now Mrs. G. D. Pease), taught the school in a log shanty scarce higher than her head. The floor was made of logs split in two, with the flat side up; it had one window of glass, and a large stiek-and-mud chimney, which let in a good supply of light from the top.


" During the first year of our resideoco the Rev. Mr. Jackson (Methodist) preached a few times in the neighborhood. Our people made an abundance of maple-sugar. They took ox-teams and started for market, though it was very uncertain where they would find a funily that had pork, flour, or potatoes to change for maple-sugar. They did not return as we had expected; in about two weeks we learned from a neighbor, who had returned from market, that our people were at Leoni and my husband seriously ill. I set out to find n way to go to him; walked one and a half miles to get a horse and then in another direction one and a half miles to get a wagon, and some one to drive for me and bring the team back. To get to Leslie, four and a half miles, we traveled eight, and then could not shun all the mud-holes, for our wagon-hox dipped mud and water several times, and sometimes it was with difficulty that we stayed in the wagoo and kept it right side up."




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