USA > Michigan > Monroe County > History of Monroe County, Michigan > Part 98
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The regiment was also engaged at Snicker's Gap, Va., November 14, 1862; Fredericksburg, Va., December 13, 14, 1862; Morrisville, Va., December 30th and 31st; United States Ford, Va., January 1, 1863 ; Chancellorsville, Va., May 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1863; Kelley's Ford, Va., January 9, 1863; Ashby's Gap, Va., June 21, 1863; Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 3, 4, 1863; Wil- liamsport, Md., July 12, 1863; Wapping Heights, Va., July 21, 1863; Culpepper, Va., October 13, 1863; Brandy Station, Va., October 13, 1863 ; Bristo Station, Va., October 14, 1863; Rappahannock Station, Va., Novem- ber 7, 1863; Cross Roads, Va., November 26, 1863; Mine Run, Va., November 29, 1863 ; Wil- derness, Va., May 5, 6, 7, 1864; Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, 1864; Po River, Va., May 10, 1864 ; Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864; Ny River, Va, May 21, 1864; North Anna, Va., May 23, 1864; Jericho Mills, Va., May 24, 1864; Noel's Turn, Va., May 26, 1864; Tolopotomy, Va., May 30, 1864; Magnolia Swamp, Va., June 1, 1864; Bethesda Church, Va., June 2, 1864 ; Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864.
The total membership of the Fourth had been during its service 1,325, while its losses were 273, of which 8 officers and 115 men were
killed in action, 4 officers and 50 men died of wounds, and 1 officer and 95 men of disease.
SEVENTHI REGIMENT.
The companies that composed the Seventh Regiment joined their regiment at Monroe. On the formation thereof the companies re- ceived an alphabetical designation, which they assumed in the regiment in place of their local names. The field and staff were: Col- onel, Ira R. Grosvenor, of Monroe; lieutenant- colonel, Frazey M. Winans, of Monroe; major, Nathaniel B. Eldridge, Lapeer; adjutant, Hen- ry B. Landon, of Monroe.
The Monroe Light Guards, designated as Company D, was officered by: Captain, Jame Darrah ; first lieutenant, Sylvanus W. Curtis ; second lieutenant, Henry B. Landon ; all of Monroe.
The Seventh Regiment left Monroe for Vir- ginia on the 5th of September, 1861, in com- mand of Colonel Ira R. Grosvenor, of Monroe, its muster rolls . showing the names of 884 officers) and enlisted men. The regiment lay on the Upper Potomac during the winter and was engaged in the disastrous action at Ball's Bluff, being in Lander's brigade of Stone's division.
A few weeks after the Seventh reached the front, and while it was stationed on the Upper Potomac, near Leesburg, a stand of silk regu- lation colors was purchased and given to it by Colonel Grosvenor, commanding. On one of the stripes was inscribed the motto, "Tuebor." In July, 1864, while in the field near Peters- burg, Corporal Williams brought for the regi- ment a flag of heavy blue silk, trimmed with gold fringe, presented by the ladies of Monroe, on which were embroidered the battles of the regiment. It was of rare beauty, and on it were also embroidered the State arms, with the motto "Tuebor," surmounted by an eagle with a scroll, on which was inscribed, "Seventh Michigan Volunteers." Below the coat of arms was a double scroll, with the inscription, "For- lorn hope of Fredericksburg, December 11, 1862," and underneath, "From the Ladies of Monroe."
It followed McClellan to the Peninsula in the spring of 1862, was in the third brigade, sec- ond division, second corps, and sustained se- vere loss in the battles of that campaign, being engaged at Yorktown, April 4 to May 5; West
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Point, Va., May 7; Fair Oaks, May 31 to June 1; Peach Orchard and Savage Station, June 29; White Oak Swamp and Glendale, June 30; Malvern Hill, July 1; Bull Run 2d, August 30.
At Fair Oaks the Seventh was in Dana's brigade of Sumner's corps, and towards night of that fearful struggle the Confederates were pressing forward with great vigor, and the reg iment became heavily engaged in the charge referred to in the following notice :
Lossing says : " For a moment the National line was bent and seemed ready to break, but the clear voice of Burns calling out, 'Steady, men, steady !' gave them such inspiration that they broke into loud cheers and held the posi- tion firmly. In the face of their terrible vol- leys the Confederates pressed on and charged Brady's battery, whose murderous fire of can- ister, poured into their compact ranks, made fearful lanes and sent them back in confusion to the woods in their rear. Undismayed by their repulse and the loss of their chief (Gener- al Johnston), the Confederates again advanced, just as darkness came on, and endeavored to outflank Sumner's right, where General Dana had joined Gorman. After fighting heavily for some time Sumner ordered a bayonet charge by five of his regiments. This was bravely performed. The regiments leaped two fences between them and their foes, rushing upon the Confederate line, and broke it into dire confusion."
Following the battle of Bull Run, the Sev- enth entered upon the Maryland campaign, in command of Colonel Norman J. Hall, then a first lieutenant Fifth U. S. Artillery, a graduate of the Military Academy from Michigan, who had been commissioned to the colonelcy of the regiment to rank from July 7th preceding, vice Grosvenor, resigned.
At the battle of Antietam more than half its force engaged was disabled. Among the killed were Captain J. H. Turrill, Lieutenant J. P. Eberhard, and Lieutenant John A. Clark, while Captain Allen H. Zacharias was mortally wounded. The last two named, from Monroe.
The limits of this work will not admit of following the Seventh Regiment through the numerous battles in which they were engaged, but the liberty is taken to quote the interesting report of Major Sylvanus Curtis, of Monroe, who succeeded to the command after the death of Colonel Steele, to show the part taken by
this regiment in the important battle of Get- tysburg.
" On the evening of the first day of July, 1863, this regiment, under the command of Lieuten- ant Colonel Steele, reached a point some four miles south of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, and formed in line a short distance to the left of the road, and extending into the woods on the southern slope of a high and conical hill. Im- mediately after arriving in position pickets were thrown out on the left flank, and a breast- work made of some rails lying near our line. The men then prepared and ate their suppers and lay on their arms. At 5 A. M. on the next day it marched on the Gettysburg road to a point on Cemetery Hill, near the center of our line of battle. Here this regiment, with the Fifty-Ninth New York, was ordered forward to the front to support a battery. We were posted about one hundred and fifty yards to the left of the summit of the hill, about two acres of which was covered with a dense growth of small oaks; our left rested on the battery, our right was partially concealed by a cluster of small trees and shrubs. We had then present fourteen officers and one hundred and fifty-one muskets Immediately on getting into posi- tion barricades were made of rails, and partially screened from observation by bushes. Skirmish - ing commeneed in front of us immediately after getting into position, and continued until 4:15 P. M., when the enemy's artillery opened upon us, and a general artillery duel soon commenced, and continued without intermission until 5 P. M., when the fire slackened, and their infantry columns were seen advancing on our line. They succeeded in passing through between the guns of the battery on our left, driving the gunners from their posts. The line on our left gave way, and our flank was almost turned, but the enemy's line was fast melting away under the scathing fire of our men, who re- mained unflinchingly at their posts, and they soon retired in utter confusion, leaving a large number of dead and wounded.
" They also left in front of us three stands of colors, which were picked up by other regi- ments who followed them up. A large num- ber of prisoners fell into our hands, and were immediately sent to the rear, among them one colonel slightly wounded in one of his fingers, and several minor officers. This ended the fight for the day, and the men lay down supper-
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HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, MICHIGAN.
less about 10 o'clock to obtain what rest they could. Our loss was nine killed and ten wounded. At daylight on the 3d the enemy again opened a furious cannonade, but did us no harm, their fire being principally directed to the artillery on either side of us. This con- tinned until about nine o'clock, when all be- came quiet, except a desultory fire from pickets and sharpshooters on both sides. About half past 10 all firing ceased until 1 P. M., when the enemy fired a signal gun from the right of their line, which was instantly followed by the roar of all their artillery, which had been massed in the edge of the woods opposite us in such a manner as to bring this regiment nearly in the center of their fire. Owing to our peculiar situation in regard to their fire, not as much damage was done as would naturally be ex- pected from such a storm of missiles. Nearly all the shot and shell struck in front and ricochetted over us or passed us and burst in our rear. This continued until 4 P. M., when their infantry columns were seen advancing. Orders were given the men to reserve their fire until the enemy was within short range. They soon came within a very short distance and our fire was opened on them with terrible effect, mowing them down by scores; still they came on till within a few yards of us, when the order was given to fix bayonets. The men expressed a determination to hold their works at all hazards. Many of the enemy at this time crawled on their hands and feet under the sheet of fire, and coming up to our lines, surrendered themselves prisoners. The enemy soon find- ing our fire too hot for them moved by the left flank and joined in the assault upon the crest of the hill, driving our line from their position. At this time Colonel Steele received an order to form the regiment nearly at right angles to its then position, with the intention of attack- ing the enemy's right flank, which had become exposed. Owing to the great noise the order was not understood by any except those nearest Colonel Steele. The rest of the officers, seeing the men, as they supposed, retreating, made all efforts to rally then. A part of them came back, the remainder kept on with Colonel Steele, who advanced with them to the crest of the hill, when he fell, instantly killed with a bullet through his brain. The greater part of the regiment remained in their works, and did great execution by a well-directed fire upon
the flanks of the enemy. The field was soon won, the enemy flying in great disorder. A great number of prisoners were taken and a large amount of small arms, am- munition, etc., were left upon the field. The men by this time had become very much ex- hausted from previous long marches, constant watchfulness, and having been destitute of food nearly two days, yet all were cheerful and worked during the night to improve their breastworks in the anticipation of an attack next morning. Though but one spade could be obtained the rails were nearly covered with earth by daylight. Most of the men worked till late in the night in bringing in and caring for the wounded. Our loss was twelve killed and thirty-four wounded, making the loss in both actions twenty-one killed and fourty-four wounded. The disproportionate number of killed arose from the fact that the men were partially protected by the breastworks of rails, and the greater part of those hit by the mis- siles of the enemy were hit in the head and upper part of the body. The 4th was spent in burying the dead, gathering up the arms left on the field, and taking care of the wounded. Too much cannot be said in praise of the con- duct of both officers and men. Where all did their duty to the fullest extent, it would seem invidious to particularize."
The regiment was mustered out of ser- vice, and in command of Colonel LaPointe, reached Jackson, Mich., on the 7th, where it was paid off and disbanded.
The Seventh was engaged at Ball's Bluff, Va., October 21, 1861; Yorktown, Va., April 4 to May 4, 1862; West Point, Va., May 7, 1862 ; Fair Oaks. Va., May 31 to June 1, 1862; Peach Orchard, June 29, 1862; Savage Station, June 29, 1862; White Oak Swamp, Va., June 30, 1862; Glendale, Va., June 30, 1862; Malvern Hill, Va., July 1, 1862; Bull Run, 2d, Va., August 30, 1862; South Mountain, Md., Sep- tember 14, 1862; Antietam, Md., September 17, 1862; Fredericksburg, Va., December 11, 12, and 13, 1862; Chancellorsville, Va. May 3 and 4, 1863; Haymarket, Va., June -, 1863 ; Get- tysburg, Penn., July 2 and 3, 1863; Falling Waters, Md., July 14, 1863; Bristo Station, Va., November 27, 1863; Robertson's Tavern, Va., November 29, 1863; Mine Run, Va., No- vember 29, 1863; Wilderness, Va., May 5 and 6, 1864; Po River, Va., May 10, 1864; Spott-
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sylvania, Va., May 12, 1864; North Anna, Va., May 23, 1864; Ny River, Va., May 24, 1864; Tolopotomy, Va., May 30 and 31 and June 1, 1864; Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, 1864; Peters- burg, Va., June 18 and 22, 1864; Deep Bottom, Va, July 27 and 28, 1864; Strawberry Plains, Va., August 14 and 17, 1864; Ream's Station, Va., August 25, 1864; Boynton Road, Va., Oc- tober 27, 1864; Hatcher's Run, Va., February 5, 1865; Hatcher's Run, Va., March 29, 1865; C'at Tail Creek, Va., April 2, 1865; Farmville, Va., April 7, 1865; siege of Petersburg, Va., from June 17, 1864, to April 3, 1865.
It had a total membership of 1,393. Its losses were: Killed in action, 6 officers, 123 men; died of wonnds, 5 officers, 47 men ; of disease, 3 officers, 154 men ; a total of 338 offi- cers and men.
FIFTEENTII REGIMENT.
The Fifteenth Regiment rendezvoused at Monroe, was recruited by Colonel John M. Oli- ver, of that place. When the organization was completed it was mustered into service March 20, 1862, and left its camp at Monroe, in command of Colonel Oliver, March 27, 1862, with 869 names on its roll.
The field and staff officers that were residents of Monroe were: Colonel, John M. Oliver; adjutant, James G. McBride ; quartermaster, Michael Twoomey. Company B, Richard Lor- anger, captain ; Moses A. LaPointe, first lieu- tenant ; James G. McBride, second lieutenant. Company E, Augustus H. Phelps, first lieuten- ant; F, James F. Adams, second lieutenant ; G, Francis X. Soleau, second lieutenant; H, Samuel P. Clark, first lieutenant; I, George A. Strong, captain ; K, George W. Bowlsby, cap- tain.
The destination of the regiment was the army then serving with General Grant in Mis- sissippi. It reached Pittsburg Landing on the day before the battle of the 6th and 7th of April, 1862, and its participation in that ac- tion cost the regiment Captain George A. Strong, of Monroe. From General McCook's report, commanding second division of Buell's army, he says : "I take great pleasure in call- ing your attention to the conduct of Colonel Oliver, and operation of his regiment, the Fif- teenth Michigan. When my division was marching on the field, Colonel Oliver, at the time unknown to me, requested the privilege to place
himself under my command. His regiment was attached to General Rossean's brigade, and during the day was under the hottest fire, when he and his officers and men acted with conspicuous bravery."
Up to November 1. 1862. the regiment had to participate in engagements and skirmishes : At Pittsburg Landing. April 6; Farmington, May 9; siege of Corinth, from May 10 to 31 ; Iuka, September 19; Chewalla, October 1, and on the 3d and 4th at Corinth. It was immedi- ately after the battle of Chewalla and Corinth that General Rosecrans made the following expression : " Well may Michigan be proud of the gallant Fifteenth Regiment." Charles H. Barnaby, of Raisinville, was killed the 13th of August in a battle before Atlanta.
The Fifteenth met the enemy at Pittsburg Landing, Tenn., April 6 and 7, 1862; Farm- ington, Miss., May 9, 1862; siege of Corinth, Miss., May 10 to 31, 1862; Iuka, Miss., Sep- tember 19, 1862; Chewalla, Miss., October 1, 1862; Corinth, Miss., October 3 and 4, 1862 ; siege of Vicksburg, Miss .. June 11 to July 4, 1863; Jackson, Miss., July 11 to 18, 1863; Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864; Big Shanty, Ga., June 15, 1864; Kenesaw, Ga., June 25, 1864; Decatur, Ga., July 20, 21, 1864; siege of It- lanta, July 22 to August 25, 1864; Atlanta and M. R. R., Ga., August 29, 1864 ; Jonesboro, Ga., Angust 31, 1864; Lovejoy's Station, Ga., Sep- tember 2, 1864; Clinton, Ga, November 20, 1864; Fort McAllister, Ga., December 13, 1864 ; Orangeburg, S. C., February 14 and 15, 1865 ; Congaree Creek, S. C., February 15, 1865 ; Saluda Creek, S. C., February 16, 1865 ; Co. lumbia, S. C., February 17, 1865 ; Fayetteville, N. C., March 13, 1865; Bentonville, N. C., March 19, 1865.
The membership of the Fifteenth was 2 371, and its losses 337, as follows : Killed in action, 2 officers and 48 men; 1 officer and 18 men died of wounds; and of disease, 4 officers and 264 men.
SEVENTEENTII REGIMENT.
The Seventeenth, the celebrated "Stone- wall's regiment," was rendezvoused at Detroit. The foregoing roster of regiments will show a large number of enlistments from Monroe. The organization of the regiment was commenced by Colonel Charles E. Pitman, of Detroit, whose excellent drill and discipline enabled
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570
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY, MICHIGAN.
the regiment to leave for the front in a very creditable condition. It left Michigan for Washington August 27, 1862, with a force on its rolls of 982 officers and men, in command of Colonel William H. Withington, who had a short time before been commissioned as its commanding officer, and Constant Luce, of Monroe, as lieutenant colonel, and William E. Duffield, of Monroe, second lieutenant of Com- pany C.
The regiment was attached to the First brigade, First division, Ninth corps, and imme- diately sent into the Maryland campaign with General Mcclellan, and in little more than two weeks after it left the State, was fiercely en- gaged in the hotly contested action of South Mountain, on September 14, 1862, whence it emerged with a loss of twenty-seven killed and one hundred and fourteen wounded. Among the wounded on the 24th at Antietam, was Lieutenant William E. Duffield, of Monroe, who died from his wounds, at Frederick City, Md., the following October.
The Seventeenth had engaged the enemy while in service at South Mountain, Md., Septem- ber 14, 1862 ; Antietam, Md., September 17, 1862; Fredericksburg, Va., December 12, 13, 14, 1862 ; siege of Vicksburg, Miss., June 22 to July 4, 1863; Jackson, Miss., July 11 to 18, 1863; Blue Spring, Tenn., October 10, 1863; London, Tenn., November 14, 1863; Lenoire Station, Tenn., November 15, 1863; Campbell's Sta- tion, Tenn., November 16, 1863 ; siege of Knox- ville, Tenn., November 17 to December 5, 1863 ; Thurley's Ford, Tenn., December 15, 1863; Fort Saunders, Tenn., November 29, 1863; Strawberry Plains, Tenn., January 22, 1864 ; Wilderness, Va., May 5, 6 and 7, 1864; Ny River, Va., May 9, 1864; Spottsylvania, Va., May 10, 11, 12; 1864; North Anna, Va., May 24, 1864; Bethesda Church, Va., June 2, 3, 1864; Cold Harbor, Va., June 7, 1864; Peters- burg, Va., June 17, 18, 1864, the Crater, Va., July 30, 1864; Weldon R. R., Va., August 19, 21, 1864; Ream's Station, Va., August 25, 1864; Poplar Spring Church, Va., September 30, 1864 ; Pegram Farm, October 2, 1864 ;- Boydton Road, Va., October 8, 1864; Hatcher's Run., Va., Oc- tober 27, 28, 1864; Fort Steedman, Va., March 25, 1865 ; capture of Petersburg, Va., April 3, 1865; siege of Petersburg, Va., from June 17, 1864, to April 3, 1865.
EIGHTEENTII AND TWENTY-FOURTII REGIMENTS.
The regiment had a membership of 1,079, its losses were 283, of which 3 officers and 89 men were killed in action, 4 officers and 35 men died of wounds, and 152 of disease.
The President of the United States called, July 2, 1862, for " 300,000 more," 11,686 being the quota for Michigan.
The Eighteenth and Twenty-fourth Regi- ments were apportioned to Congressional Dis- tricts under order of July 15, 1862, and the re- cruiting of same was confined exclusively to its own district.
The Eighteenth was assigned to the First Dis- trict, to be recruited in the counties of Hills. dale, Lenawee and Monroe, while Wayne, the other county of the District, undertook to raise the Twenty-fourth Regiment in addition.
The rendezvous of the Eighteenth was at Hillsdale, and for the purpose of organization was placed in charge of the Hon. Henry Wal- dron.
The field and staff officers were: Colonel, Charles C. Doolittle, of Hillsdale. Those from Monroe-lieutenant-colonel, George Spalding ; adjutant, John C. Whipple. Company H, of said regiment, in command of Captain Richard P. Ingersoll, of Dundee ; first lieutenant, Albert H. Babcock, of Dundee. Company K, of same regiment, in command of Captain John J. Stevens, of Monroe ; first lieutenant, Henry D. Spaulding; second lieutenant, Henry E. Elliot, of Monroe.
The recruiting of this regiment commenced July 15, 1862, and on the 26th of August was mustered into the service of the United States, leaving Hillsdale with 1,002 officers and men on the rolls, in command of Colonel Doolittle, on the 4th of September, with orders to report at Cincinnati.
This regiment participated, with great credit to itself and honor to the State of Michigan, with the enemy at Danville, Ky., February 2+, 1863; Pond Springs, Ala., June 28, 1864 ; Cur- tis Wells, Ala., June 24, 1864; Courtland, Ala., July 25, 1864; Athens, Ala., September 24, 1864; Decatur, Ala., October 24 and November 28, 1864.
The Eighteenth had carried on its rolls 1,374 officers and men, and had lost 310, of which 11 men were killed in action, 2 men died of wounds, and 297 of disease.
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THE WAR OF THE REBELLION.
The discipline, orderly deportment and high character of both officers and men were highly appreciated at Nashville, Tenn., by Andrew Johnson, and became his trusted regiment in the administration of affairs in that city.
The fighting qualities, discipline, efficiency and fine cultivation of the Eighteenth were proverbial throughout the department of the Cumberland, and its inspection never failed to demand and receive the fullest commendations of inspecting officers, who uniformly referred to it as an example worthy of following.
FIFTII MICHIGAN CAVALRY
Was well represented by enlistments from Monroe county, in command of General George Armstrong Custer, for whose biography the reader is referred to page 319. A portion of his staff through the war of the Rebellion, se- lected from the city of Monroe, are mentioned in the official reports in the highest terms of commendation and praise for their brave, fear- less and soldier-like qualities through the nu- merous campaigns, viz .: Captain Jacob L. Greene, for whose biography the reader is re- ferred to page 352, Lieutenant Frederick A. Nims, Lieutenant James Christiancy and Cap- tain James G. McBride.
During the service of General Custer's brigade it was engaged with the enemy at Hanover, Va., June 30, 1863; Hunt- erstown, Penn., July 2, 1863; Gettysburg, Pen., July 3, 1863; Monterey, Md .; July 4, 1863; Cavetown, Md., July 5, 1863., Smithtown, Md, July 6, 1863; Boonsborough, Md., July 6, 1863; Hagerstown Md., July 6, 1863; Williamsport, Md., July 6, 1863; Boonsbo- rough, Md., July 8, 1863; Hagerstown, Md., July 10, 1862; Williamsport, Md., July 10, 1863; Falling Waters, Md., July 14, 1863; Snicker's Gap, Va., July 19, 1863; Kelley's Ford, Va., September 13, 1863; Culpepper Court House, Va., September 14, 1863; Rac- coon Ford, Va., September 16, 1863; White's Ford, Va., September 21, 1863; Jack's Shop, Va., September 26, 1863; James ('ity, Va., Oc- tober 9, 10, 1863; Brandy Station, Va., October 11, 1863; Buckland's Mills, Va., October 19, 1863; Stevensburg, Va., November 19, 1863; Morton's Ford, Va., November 26, 1863; Rich- mond, Va., March 1, 1864; Wilderness, Va., May 6 and 7, 1864; Beaver Dam Station, Va., May 9, 1864; Yellow Tavern, Va., May 10,
and 11, 1864; Meadow Bridge, Va., May 12, 1864; Milford, Va., May 27, 1864; Hawe's Shop, Va., May 28, 1864; Baltimore X Roads, Va., May 29, 1864 ; Cold Harbor Va., May 30, and June 1, 1864; Trevilian Station, Va., June 11 and 12, 1864; Cold Harbor, Va., July 21, 1864; Winchester, Va., August 11, 1865 ; Front Royal, Va., August 16, 1864; Leetown, Va., August 25, 1864; Shepardstown, Va, August 25, 1864; Smithfield, Va., August 29. 1864; Berryville, Va., September 3, 1864; Summit, Va., September 4, 1864; Opequan, Va., Sep- tember 19, 1864: Winchester, Va., September 19, 1864; Luray, Va., September 24, 1864; Port Republic, Va., July 26, 27 and 28, 1864; Mount Crawford, Va., October 2, 1864; Woodstock, Va., October 9, 1864; Cedar Creek, Va., Octo- ber 19, 1864; Madison Court House, Va .. De- cember 24, 1864; Louisa Court House, Va., March 8, 1865; Five Forks, Va, March 30, 31 and April 1, 1865; South Side R. R., Va., April 2, 1865; Duck Pond Mills, Va., April 4 1865; Ridge's, or Sailor's Creek, Va, April 6, 1865 ; Appomattox Court House, Va., April 8 and 9, 1865; Willow Springs, Dakota T., Au- gust 12, 1865.
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