USA > Minnesota > Jackson County > An illustrated history of Jackson County, Minnesota > Part 13
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Mary Camfield.
84
Eliza Camfield.
20
Naney Camfield
16
Eugenia Camfield
8
George Camfield.
1
" Rosanna Fuller
38
New York
Elizabeth Fuller
21
Ezra Fuller.
16
Emeline Fuller
12
George Fuller
10
Daniel Fuller.
6
· David Rogers.
Farmer
Pennsylvania New Jersey
Ann Hogan
26
Charles logan
3
"George MeMath
24
Farmer
Michigan
Nancy MeMath
19
Wisconsin
Minnie MeMath
1
1
Minnesota
Nettie MeMath ..
2-12
*Knute Olson
45
Farmer
200
Norway
Betsy Olson.
65
. Thomas Hanson.
26
Farmer
Mary Hanson
30
Hans Hanson
50
Farmer
250
Iowa Norway
Julia Olson
46
John Olson.
Ole Olson ..
20
..
William Olson.
26
. 4
· Hans Johnson
28
Farmer
175
44
*Heads of familles.
. .
*George Hogan
29
Farmer
300
..
. .
Connecticut New Jersey
Iowa
. .
Carrie Stevens
..
· Burre Olson
97
HISTORY OF JACKSON COUNTY.
NAME
Age
Occupation
Property
Birthplace
Julia Johnson.
25
$
Norway Iowa
John Johnson
2
Burre Johnson
2-12
Minnesota
*Benjamin Johnson
26
Farmer
150
Norway
Jane Johnson.
26
John Johnson.
2
Iowa
John O. Johnson
1
*Ole Peterson
46
Farmer
200
Norway
Betsy Peterson
40
Ole Peterson.
2
*John Swenson
25
Farmer
Norway
Caroline Swenson
27
Mary Swenson.
1
*John Trunson
30
Farmer
Norway
Alvina Trunson
4
Betsy Trunson
10
*John Larson
30
Farmer
Ann Larson.
30
*Ole Larson
40
Farmer
66
Caroline Larson
35
Ole Larson ..
12
Ole Larson
10
Martha Larson.
4
John Larson
2
*Andrew Anderson
40
Farmer
250
Maria Anderson
39
Ole Anderson ..
18
John Anderson
15
Elizabeth Anderson
11
Marie Anderson
6
Andrew Anderson
4
lowa
Ann Anderson
1
*John Johnson.
28
Norway
Mary Johnson
24
Henry Johnson ..
4
Wisconsin
Betsy Johnson
1
Farmer
Norway 16
Ann Pomerson.
32
Peter Pomerson.
9
Ole Pomerson.
7
Callie Pomerson.
3
66
William Pomerson
1
Iowa Sweden
*James Westerwelt
27
Farmer
Ann Westerwelt
21
Henry Westerwelt.
2
*George Pompell Christina Pompell
32
Farmer
150
Wisconsin Norway
Maria Pompell
6
Jane Pompell ..
4
Wisconsin
Even Pompell
2
* William Evans.
24
Farmer
New York Ohio
Thomas Evans.
2-12
Wisconsin
*Heads of families.
In 1861 the Norwegian colony was joined by others of the same nationality. The first to arrive were Anders O. Kirke- voldsmoens and family, who located on
8Anders O. Kirkevoldsmoen died while in the army, and his widow later became the wife of Englebret Olson Slaabaken. Many of his de- scendants are now residents of Jackson county.
the northwest quarter of section 3, Des Moines township: Anders Monson and family, who took a claim on the southeast quarter of section 13, Des Moines, just
One son, Ole Anderson, resides in Jackson; another son. Anders Olson Slaabaken, is dead. Bertha, who became the wife of Simon Olson Slaabaken, and Christiana, who married Ole E.
-
30
4
Ann Evans.
20
66
*Peter Pomerson.
39
66
..
100
Wisconsin
Iowa
95
HISTORY OF JACKSON COUNTY.
west of the Milwaukee depot at Jackson : and K. Torreson and family, who settled on the northwest quarter of section 11. Des Moines. Several more of the name of Slaabaken, commonly known by the name of Olson. came in 1861. These in- (luided John Olson Slaabaken.º Mikkel (1- Non Slaabaken and Tollef Olson Slaabak- en with their families and Simon" and Peder, single men. Part of these drove through from Jefferson Prairie, Wiscon- sin. with ox teams, the voyage taking two months' time. The others drove through from Fillmore county. Minne- sota. Mikkel settled on the northeast quarter of section 28. Belmont. on the west side of the river: Poder took as his claim the northwest quarter of section 23. Des Moines: the others took claims in Belmont. the exact location of their first claims being unknown. Others who came during 1861 were Ole Estenson and Ole Torgeson and their families, who located on sections 6. Belmont. and St. Chris- tiania :" Lars Olson and family, who sol- fled on the northeast quarter of section 30. Christiania-the most northern settler Olson Shabaken, ohlest son of Englebree Olson Slaabaken, are dead. The only living daughter of Anders O Kirkevoldsmoen is Bertha, who row lives with her husband, Melian Johnson. in Belmont. Her Orst marrlage was to Ole E. Olson. Jr., son of Englebret Olson Slaabaken. and her second marriage to Anders Olsson Slan- baken, also a son of Englebret Olson Shaahaken. both of whom died.
"The wulow of JJohn Olson Slaabaken still Ilves In Belmont township, and many of his deseri dants are now residents of Jackson conn- ty His daughter. Anna, married ole Brown. who built the mill at Brownsburg, and now lives in Tennessee. Another daughter, Lena. is the wife of P. 11. Berge, of Jackson. O)- J. and Peter live upon the old homestead in Bel- mont. Two daughters, Petria and Engebera. are married and live in Wisconsin.
After coming to the county Simon Olson Sla baken married Bertha, the daughter of Anders O Kirkevoldsmoen The living children of these parents are Christina &Mrs. George Ombersani, of Murray county: Marla (Mrs. H. HI. Berget, of Minneapolis: Helen, of Jackson: Emma Mrs. Martin O)som. of Jackson; Obert. of JJackson During his life Simon Olson Slan- lakin held several different county offices and was a prominent man in the early days of Jackson county history.
"The chiim of one of these men was the northeast quarter of section 6. Belmont. the other wis the southeast quarter of section 31. Christianti, both on the east side of the river. Their cablus were close together, but it is un- known which had the Belmont property and which the Christiania.
at that time: Hans Kgostolson (Chester- son) and family, who built a cabin on the southwest quarter of section 15, Des Moines; Lar- (. Jornesik and family. who settled in Belmont : Lars Halverson and family, who took as a claim the south- mast quarter of section 25. Des Moines- the southernmost of the Norwegian set- there: Holsten Olson and family, who settled on the northwest quarter of section 31. Belmont : Kond Langeland and fam- ily, who took up their residence on the southeast quarter of section 16, Belmont.12 A few American born settlers also calle to Jackson county in 18st and located at different quants along the river.
The breaking out of the civil war in 1861 vitally affected the people in this frontier settlement and gave Jackson county a reputation for patriotism equal- ed by few communities. Nearly all the aide bodied men in the county enlisted and fought with the union forces during the war. Captain D. V. West. of the home guards, enlisted twenty-two of his company in the United States army in September. Asonly thirty-three von - were cast in the county at the fall eles- tion. it will be seen that this with- drawal left the people of the frontier set- tlement in poor circonstances to with- stand an Indian attack. as they were called upon to do the next year. The com- pany, partly enrolled from Jackson conn- ty and commanded by D. M. West. served for a time as the second company of Minnesota cavalry, but later became com- pany 1 of the Fifth Iowa cavalry. Of the twenty-two enrolled from Jackson county following are the names of nine- leon of the number: 13 D. M. West, cap- tain : Ole Burroson. Edward Davies, Hans
EAAmong the Norwegian setters of Isil no our of the heads of families is living in Jack- son county, although many of their children
11The list is furnished me by Stiles M. West. now of Faribault, Minnesota.
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-
-
-
-
-
..
A PIONEER HOME
Built by John Olson, in Belmont Township, in 1867. The People Shown in the Picture (Reading from Left to Right) are Mrs. Engebret Olson, Ole Anderson, Annie Olson, Christine Olson, Petria Olson, Simon Olson, Carina Olson, Mrs. Holsten Olson, Mrs. Hans Stall, Mrs. John Olson, Mrs. Melian Johnson, Ole E. Olson.
THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY
2
99
HISTORY OF JACKSON COUNTY.
Johnson, Ole Larson, Bartholomew Mc- Carthy, Andrew Monson, Andrew Olson, Andrew Olson ( Kirkevoldsmoen). Tollef Olson, Peter Olson, Simon Olson, Ole E. Olson, William H. Pease, Henry R. Tro- bridge, James R. West, Stiles M. West, M. F. West and H. F. West.
Rev. Peter Baker held protracted re- ligious services in the log house of Jo- seph Thomas during the winter of 1860- 6], and afterwards organized a Methodist class. During the summer of 1861 lie organized a Sunday school in the Wood brothers' store building. For many years this good man attended to the religious wants of the people of Jackson county and became a highly respected and in- fluential man in the community. This he did largely without pay. In after years he stated that during the first two years of his service his only recompense was the kitting of a pair of socks !
There are very few items of interest to record for the year 1861. Except the enlisting of so great a proportion of the able bodied men, nothing occurred to in- terrupt the even tenor of the lives of the frontier settlers. The new arrivals of the year selected their claims, built log cabins and engaged in agricultural pur- suits on a small scale. At what was known as Evans' ford, on the southwest quarter of section 14, Des Moines township, the erection of a sawmill was commenced, but it was never finished.14
An interesting historical document is the assessment list of Danby township, which included the whole settled portion of the county, for the year 1861. The total tax levied was $161.68 and was di- vided as follows:
14 At this point, in 1862, was held the first fourth of July celebration in the county. The work of constructing the mill was in progress at the time. and many of the settlers were assisting with the work. On the open ground, on the east side of the river, a few of the neighbors gathered in honor of the nation's birthday. A flag pole was erected and the American colors were flown.
State taxes
$ 26.13
Interest on publie debt.
15.55
Sehool tax
26.13
County tax
31.29
Township tax
31.29
Other special tax 31.29
Total $161.68
The names of those who were assessed, the value of the property owned and the amount of the individual taxes were as follows :
PROPERTY OWNER
Assessed Value
Total Tax
D. P. Cornell
$ 685
$ 10.64
S. T. Johnson.
570
8.84
E. D. Shore
684
10.60
Alex Wood
695
10.80
S. D. Brown.
907
14.06
B. McCarthy
192
2.99
A. L. Crane
85
1.34
Gelden Carter.
165
2.57
Louis Eskerson
431
6.68
Ole Eskerson
101
1.56
Lewis Estenson
152
2.37
Nathaniel Frost
23
.36
Lewis Halverson
107
1.66
Knud Halverson ..
176
2.73
Thomas Holston ..
146
2.27
Add Halverson
178
2.75
Hans Johnson ..
149
2.32
Lewis Jameson
129
2.01
John Knudson ..
81
1.25
L. H. Landaker.
289
4.49
Lewis Lewison
54
.83
Joseph Muck
196
3.04
Andrew Monson
70
1.09
Jacob Nelson
40
.62
Knud Nelson
322
5.00
Burre Olson
277
4.29
Englebret Olson
172
2.68
Simon Olson
9
.15
Ole Olson.
243
3.77
F. Andrew Olson
117
1.81
John Olson
70
1.09
Tollef Olson
164
2.54
Jared Palmer
222
3.45
Ole Peterson.
360
5.58
William H. Pease
43
.67
D. S. Perkins.
90
1.40
John Swenson
111
1.71
Joseph Thomas
250
3.88
H. L. Thomas
18
.27
Christian Torreson.
70
1.09
Ole Torreson.
128
1.97
H. R. Trowbridge
175
2.73
John Trunson
222
3.45
D. M. We
417
6.46
S. M. West
22
.35
Ole Anderson.
121
1.87
I. F. Eddy
271
4.19
Totals
$10,518
$ 161.68
Ira Camfield
137
2.13
Marcellus Clough
69
1.08
Joshua Dyer.
13
.20
635887
100
HISTORY OF JACKSON COUNTY.
Tax paying seems to have been out of fashion in that early day. for we find among the records a settlement sheet dated February 28. 1862. signed by Ole Peter- son as county treasurer and Joseph Thomas as county auditor, in which it is stated that out of the total tax of $161.68 levied only $12.08 had been paid, while $114.60 was delinquent.15 The treasurer's fees of $2.35 were deducted from the tax- es collected, leaving the magnificient to- tal of $41.43 as the amount of taxes fo- ceived by Jackson county for the year 1861 !
The assessment for the year 1862 was made by James E. Palmer. He found 57 people in the county possessed of personal property, and the total amount of the tax- able property was found to be $12,192- a small gain over that of the year be- fore. In the county of Jackson there were at the time (so the assessor re- ported ) three watches, manufacturing in- dustries to the value of $10, no pianos. twelve head of horses, no mules, 29 sheep. 131 hogs, 320 cattle, 43 wagons, and moneys and credits to the value of $1,351. Following are eight of the names appear- ing on the list and the assessed value of their property :
Edward Davies $ 64 40
Nathaniel Frost 123.00
Lewis Halverson 106.30
Englebret (]son 47.50
Simon Olson 109.00
James E. Palmer 62 00
Jared Palmer 331.30
.Joseph Thomas
319.50
The year 1862 opened auspicionsly. A few more settlers came and located claims
"Those who had paid their taxes In full be- fore this settlement were S. T. Johnson, Bar- tholomew Mccarthy. Marcellus Clough. Lewis Estenson. Nathaniel Frost. Lewis Halverson. Thomas Holston. Add Halverson. Knud Nelson. Ole Olson. F. Andrew Olson. D. S. Perkins, John Trunson and I F. Eddy.
along the Des Moines river. Crops of w.rat, corn and vegetables were planted. the rich virgin soil, warm sun and copious rains hastened the growth of vegetation, and the prospects for a bounteous harvest were favorable. The people were happy and contented in their new found homes. Had a censu- of the county been taken that year there would have been found between 200 and 300 people. The residents had little communication with the outside world. There was no postoffice, no tele- graph line. no stage lines. The nearest settlements wore at Estherville and Spirit Lake, lowa. and the nearest point from which most of the supplies could be pro- enred was Mankato.
Along the river from the present site ef Jackson down were American horn families. Mong the river above the site of Jackson, in Des Moines. Belmont and Christiania townships, the settlers were all Norwegians, arrived only a few years be- fore from their native land. understand- ing and speaking very little English. They had few dealings with the outside world and very little intercourse with their Am- orican born neighbors down the river: their interests were centered in their homes. Although the Norwegian settlers had located on the exposed frontier. al- most in the heart of the Indian country. they knew nothing of the Indian customs or Indian warfare. They were unacrus- tomed to the use of firearms and many of them had probably never fired a gun in their lives : many of the able hodied men were absent. lighting their adopted coun- try'> battles.
So much for the condition of the poo- ple of Jackson county in 1862. before the outbreak of the terrible Sioux war.
CHAPTER VIII.
THE BELMONT MASSACRE-1862.
I T IS not my intention to tell of the Sioux war of 1862, except so far as Jackson county enters into the his- tory. But it may be of interest to learn the magnitude of this famous Indian war. The outbreak was the most remarkable and noteworthy incident of the kind in Amer- ican history. More white people perished in that savage slaughter than in all the other massacres ever perpetrated on the North American continent. Add the number of white victims of the Indian wars of New England during the colon- ial period to the list of those who perish- ed in the Wyoming and Cherry valleys, and to the pioneers who were killed in the early white occupation of the middle west and the south, and the aggregate falls far short of the number of the peo- ple of Minnesota who were slain by the Sioux in less than one week in that mem- orable month of August, 1862.1 AAbout eight hundred people were killed within a few days, before any effective resist- ance could be brought against the red demons. Only two Indians were killed outside the battles and legitimate skir- mishes. One of these was at a point below Jackson, near Spirit Lake, where three settlers were attacked by a superior force but won the fight by their bravery and
drove off the savages. They killed an In- dian named Big Head and wounded three others. The testimony of the Indians was that they found the Minnesota settlers "as easy to kill as sheep."
The attack on the Norwegian settle- ment of Jackson county occurred on Sun- day, August 24, 1862, and for the second time in its history the soil of Jackson county was crimsoned with the blood of its citizens as the result of Indian at- tack; for the second time the county was abandoned by white men. Thirteen whites were murdered, a few others were wound- ed, and many narrowly escaped with their lives.
So early as June reports reached the Belmont settlers that there was likely to be trouble with the Indians. On only one occasion, however, did the Indians who sometimes visited the settlement show any signs of hostility; the exception was the wanton killing of an ox belonging to Ole Larson, of Christiania township. Finally the rumors of an outbreak were confirmed. A German fleeing from New Ulm brought news of the attack on that village, which had occurred only a few days before. He could not impart the de- tails of the tragedy on account of his in- ability to speak English, but the settlers could understand enough to know that
1Minnesota in Three Centuries.
101
102
HISTORY OF JACKSON COUNTY.
Now U'lm had had trouble with the In- dians.
The Belmont settlers seem to have been undecided what course to pursue. Night- they gathered at the different cabins that seemed to offer letter protection or where the firearms and ammunition were kept : their fears were not so great during the day time, and generally they returned to their homes in the morning to attend to the farm work. A decision was finally reached that stockades should be built. and Monday, August 25, was the date set for the settlers to get together and selvet the sites. On the day before this was to have been done the attack was made and there had been enacted the drama of bru- tal and beastly bloodshed which depopu- lated the county.
It was a few days after the attack on the Lower Agency and four days after the massacre at Lake Shetek. in Murray county, that about fifty of White Lodge's band of Sisseton Sioux proceeded down the Des Moines river, apparently to repeat the performance of Inkpaduta of five years before." They proceeded as far south as Englebret Olson Slaabaken's home on the southeast quarter of section 22. Bel- mont township. without making their pres- ence known.3 Then instead of procred- ing down the river, they began the at-
.The route of the Indians into Jackson county Is not known definitely, but it is supposed they came by way of Fish lake, Lower's lake and Independeter lake, Had they followed the river bank. it is almost certain they would have been discovered before reaching the point where the attack was hegun.
"So far as is known, Lars Olson was the enly man in the setthe ment who saw the li- dians in a hody; consequently he was the only competent authority as to the number partici- Dating Hle estimated the number at fifty. Mr. Olson, who was an old man living on section 39, Christiania, had been down Into Belmont township on Sunday, and while returning, when a little north of the Of Fohre home, he came upon the party of say: ges in the woods, before the attack was begun. I was not seen by the Indians, nor were the ledions recognized as such by him. He supposed they were sobliers. come to the defense of the settlers, and was accordingly thankful for their arrival. Mr Olson continued his journey home, and neither le nor his wife saw the Indiat's afterward. al- though the red men must have passed close to his house.
tack and retraced their steps up the river. The attack was begun at ten o'clock in the fornoon.
The attacking savages divided into small partie, and, going swiftly from cabin to cabin, they took the inmates by surprise and encountered no resistance except in one instance. The men, women and child- ren were shot down without warning and without an effort to save their lives ex- cept in flight.
At the Ole Fohre home, on the north- West quarter of section 22. Belmont, ser- oral families had gathered, namely, Jo- hannes Axe and wife, Lars G. Jornevik and wife, Mrs. Carrie Fahre, the wife of Ole Fahre, and her twelve year old son. Ole Olson Fohre, and eight small children belonging to the several families. Here the massacre was begun at ten o'clock in the forenoon. When the Indians were seen approaching. Mrs. Fohre. Mrs. Jornevik and Mrs. Axe with the eight small child- len went into the cellar. the trap door was closed, and twelve year old Ole Olson Fohte piled clothing. boxes and trunks over it. The others remained upstairs. They barricaded the doors, but being with- out arms, their efforts to guard the cabin were futile.
The Indians approached the cabin from the east and burst in the cast door. All who were in the cabin. except the boy, were instantly killed, and no one knows the particulars of their taking off. Jo- hannes Axe was evidently pounded to death. as no bullet wounds were found on his body. Lars Furnes and Lars G. Jorne- vikt were shot.
Lars G Jornevik was a man with a violent trijwr and in some particulars lacking In judgment. When he was advised, some days previous, that it was probably the Indians would come and to prepare himself, Mr. Jorne- vik Dew Into a violent rage, stating that he was ready for the Indians any time they wanted to come. le ulled his pockets with stones and conshiered himself amply protected. When his dead body was found. his pockets were Illed with the missiles which he had not opportunity to use.
103
HISTORY OF JACKSON COUNTY.
When the east door was broken down and the Indians entered the cabin, Ole Olson Fohre, the boy, who was standing guard at the west door, bolted out that door and ran down a trail that led to a spring. Hearing the door slam, the boy looked over his shoulder while running and saw an Indian taking aim at him. With presence of mind he made a quick jump to the left into the brush. Ile dodg- ed just in time to save his life, for the bul- let struck him, tearing away the tip of his right elbow. Ole hid in the brush, and the savage who had fired followed and search- ed for him. When the Indian was only about three feet from the boy's hiding place, he gave up the search and returned to his companions at the cabin-the In- dian's love of "firewater" saved a life. One of the first aets of the savages was to search the wagons, which had been brought from Mankato the day before, loaded with pro- visions, and just as the Indian was about to discover the boy in the brush, the others at the cabin found a jug of whisky in one of the wagons and raised such a shout of joy that the one after the boy gave up the hunt and hastily rejoined the others. Safe from immediate pursuit, Ole ran through the timber down the riv- er to find a place of refuge and to notify the other settlers of their danger.
About the time these events were tak- ing place at the Fohre home, Ole Fohre. the owner of the cabin, was found by the Indians in the timber, between his house and the river, and killed. The place of this murder was on seetion 21.
The anxiety of the fugitives in the cel- lar while the murders were being commit- ted over their heads cannot be described ; so still were they they scarcely breathed. Their fears were made worse by the cry- ing of the two year old babe of Mrs. Lars G. Jornevik. That lady. with heroism seldom equaled in the annals of Indian
warfare, knowing that the painted de- mons surrounded the house. deliberately came out of the cellar to accept her fate. To the other ladies she said: "I under- stand my time has come; I must go up again. Your children are smaller than mine and they keep quiet; if I stay here the Indians will find us." She came up from the cellar with the child and was killed, her body being horribly mutilated. Fortunately the Indians were busy with their whisky and did not learn from whence Mrs. Jornevik had come.
The child was unharmed, but soon it began to cry. The door of the cabin had been left open, and the baby was fright- ened at the hogs. which came into the eab- in. One of the ladies came up, found the child in its mother's blood, and took it back into the cellar and eared for it. Then it was learned for the first time that the savages had left the vicinity. For the time being let us leave the two women and the children in the cellar, debating the course of action to pursue, while we con- sider events that were taking place in others parts of the settlement.
Close to the Fohre home, Mikkel Olson Slaabaken was killed and his nephew, An- ders Olson Slaabaken, the thirteen year old son of Englebret Olson Slaabaken, was seriously wounded and left for dead. The Englebret Olson Slaabaken home was half a mile south of the Fohre home, and also on section 22. About the time the attack was begun, Mikkel and his nephew started from that place for the home of Ole Fohre. They heard the firing but thought nothing of it. as they supposed the neighbors were shooting blackbirds. They soon became aware of the serious- ness of their condition. The Indians were stationed along the trails in the tin- ber, and the unfortunate white men were soon discovered. The savages fired and the white men set out on a run
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