History of Stearns County, Minnesota, Volume II, Part 109

Author: Mitchell, William Bell, 1843-
Publication date: 1915
Publisher: Chicago : H. S. Cooper
Number of Pages: 1110

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But the minister evidently had been close- ly observing things, for shortly after his re- turn to St. Paul we received a rag carpet and a bureau, the drawers of which con-

tained a pair of pillows and some clothing for the baby .. When we put down the rag carpet we could do no less than kneel upon it and thank God for His mercies and ask His blessing upon the givers. Of all the good things we have since had, none has been more thoroughly appreciated than was that rag carpet. It was homely, the ends of the rags were knotted instead of being sewed, but it was a great comfort to us. Our next help was a real missionary box, which was sent to us from Philadel- phia by express, with charges amounting to $22. We did not have the money, but by selling the best things we managed to raise the amount. What a help that box was! Missionary boxes are usually good things, but the senders should provide for the shipping expense. Without such help, the missionary could not stay on the poorer fields, where the people, however willing, could not give sufficient support to enable the missionary to live and carry on the work .- (By Mrs. E. V. Campbell.)

Meteorological Statistics .- For very full data from which the following tables have been prepared we are indebted to U. G. Purssell, in charge of the Weather Bureau at Minneapolis. The records were made by the local observer at the St. Cloud sta- tion located at the Minnesota state re- formatory, the highest and the lowest, respectively, being given under each year, the highest being above zero and and the lowest below zero Fahrenheit. 1881, high- est, Aug. 28, 90 degrees; lowest, no record. 1882, highest, July 24, 91; lowest, Jan. 20 and Dec. 7, 20; 1883, highest, July 1, 97; lowest, Jan. 22 and Feb. 4, 31. 1884, high- est, Aug. 19, 88; lowest, Dec. 25, 41. 1885, highest, June 20, 93; lowest, Jan. 2, 50. 1886, highest, July 6, 94; lowest, Jan. 23, 36. 1887, highest, July 14, 96; lowest, Jan. 7, 40. 1888, highest, July 11, 96; lowest, Jan. 21, 50. 1889, highest, July 7, 102; lowest, Feb. 23, 31. 1890, highest, June 26 and July 30, 96; lowest, Jan. 21, 30. 1891, highest, Aug. 8, 104; lowest, Feb. 28, 30. 1892, highest, July 23, 100; lowest, Jan. 19, 30. 1893, highest, July 24, 99; low- est, Feb. 1, 30. 1894, highest, July 1, 96; lowest, Jan. 25, 40. 1895, highest, Sept. 19, 94; lowest, Jan. 27, 30. 1896, highest, Aug. 4, 98; lowest, Jan. 4, 25 .. 1897, highest, June 15 and July 2, 90; lowest, Jan. 24, 30. 1898, highest, July 14, 96; lowest, Dec. 31,

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28. 1899, highest, July 23 and Aug. 27, 90; lowest, Feb. 9, 35. 1900, highest, Aug. 3, 103; lowest, Feb. 15, 24. 1901, highest, July 20, 105; lowest, Dec. 14, 32. 1902, highest, July 29, 92; lowest, Dec .. 26, 25. 1903, highest, July 7, 91; lowest, Feb. 16, 30. 1904, highest, July 16, 95; lowest, Feb. 23, 23. 1905, highest, July 16 and Aug. 10, 93; lowest, Feb. 2, 29; 1906, highest, Sept. 9, 96; lowest, Feb. 14, 25. 1907, highest, Aug. 31, 95; lowest, Feb. 4, 29. 1908, high- est, July 10, 96; lowest, Jan. 29, 20. 1909, highest, July 19, 94; lowest, Jan. 6, 29. 1910, highest, June 20, 96; lowest, Feb. 19, 26. 1911, highest, June 22, 98; lowest, Jan. 3, 31. 1912, highest, June 29 and Sept. 5, 95; lowest, Jan. 12, 40. 1913, highest, Aug. 15, 97; lowest, Jan. 12 and March 2, 24. 1914, highest, July 10 and Aug. 8, 95; lowest, Dec. 26, 27.

The mean or normal temperature from 1878 to 1914, inclusive, has been: January, 9.4; February, 12.7; March, 27; April, 44.3; May, 56.3; June, 65.8; July, 70.9; August, 67.9; September, 59.3; October, 49.6; No- vember, 29.7; December, 17.6; annual, 42.6 above zero.

It may be noted in passing that while on December 26, the coldest day in the year 1914 in St. Cloud, the mercury registered 27 degrees below zero, it was 30 degrees be- low at Gloversville, 32 degrees at Ogdens- burg and other points in New York; 32 de- grees below at Pittsfield and various other places in Massachusetts; while Vermont registered 30 degrees below at Montpelier and 52 degrees below at Barre.

The following table gives the last kill- ing frost in the spring and the first in the fall, with the length of the growing season: 1881, first April 12, last October 15, grow- ing season 186 days. 1882, May 22, October 18, 149 .. 1883, April 11, October 1, 173. 1884, May 2, October 8, 159. 1885, May 7, October 4, 150. 1886, May 3, September 30, 150. 1887, April 17, October 4, 170. 1888, April 15, September 27, 165. 1889, April 13, October 6, 176. 1890, May 7, Sep- tember 27, 143. 1891, May 6, October 6, 153. 1892, May 20, October 20, 153. 1893, April 11, September 22, 164. 1894, April 11, September 24, 166. 1895, May 19, Sep- tember 30, 133. 1896, April 21, September 19, 151. 1897, May 3, October 9, 159. 1898, April 19, September 10, 144. 1899, April 7,

September 26, 172. 1900, May 4, September 27, 146. 1901, April 22, September 18, 149. 1902, May 10, September 13, 126. 1903, May 1, September 24, 146. 1904, May 15, September 21, 129. 1905, May 9, October 16, 160. 1906, May 28, September 30, 146. 1907, May 27, September 25, 142. 1908, May 2, September 27, 148. 1909, May 10, October 12, 155. 1910, May 11, October 6, 148. 1911, May 3, October 7, 157. 1912, April 27, September 26, 152. 1913, May 25, September 22, 120 .. 1914, May 12, October 14, 155. Average, first May 3, last Septem- ber 30, growing season 157 days.

The annual precipitation for the twenty years from 1894 to 1914 has been as fol- lows: 1894, 29.90 inches; 1895, 20.48; 1896, 31.79; 1897, 41.01; 1898, 24.01; 1899, 35.14; 1900, 29.69; 1901, 18.30; 1902, 21.09; (1903 and 1904 not given); 1905, 36.69; 1906, 34.11; (1907 not given); 1908, 29.31; 1909, 27.27; 1910, 16.64; 1911, 32.69; 1912, 28.88; 1913, 31.21; 1914, 28.37. The mean or nor- mal precipitation during the period was: in January, 0.70; February, 0.57; March, 1.29; April, 2.40; May, 4.24; June, 4.22; July, 3.73; August, 3.37; September, 3.38; October, 2.51; November, 1.05; December, 0.52; annual, 27.98.

The heaviest rainfall during this period was in July, 1897, the total for the month being 12.81 inches, followed by 10.52 inches in the same month in 1903, 9.68 inches in May, 1912, and 9.49 inches in August, 1913.

Creameries .- In 1887 Stearns county had three creameries-Kemmel & Son and Woods & Buck at Sauk Centre, and J. Savercool at St. Cloud. There were three cheese factories at Sauk Centre, operated by S. Beidelman, W. R. James and John- son & Stark. During the following seven years the progress in this direction was slow, there being in 1894 but four cream- eries in the county, located at Avon, Rich- mond, Melrose and Sauk Centre, with a total of 358 patrons. The next two years witnessed almost a revolution, the num- ber of creameries having increased to 14 with 1,465 patrons ..

The latest published statistics, those for 1913, give Stearns county 17 co-operative, 14 independent and 2 central creameries, 33 in all. The number of patrons is 2,824; number of cows, 28,516; pounds of cream received, 15,256,384; pounds of butter

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HISTORY OF STEARNS COUNTY

made, 5,330,536. The nearest competitor is Freeborn county, with 28 creameries, re- ceiving 9,798,239 pounds of cream and making 4,351,001 pounds of butter. This excludes the two counties of Ramsey and Hennepin with the great centralizing plants at St. Paul and Minneapolis.

It may not be known that Minnesota has nearly one-third (614) of the co-operative creameries in the United States. Their an- nual volume of business amounts to $21,- 675,252-that much wealth coming directly to the farmers of the state, 42 per cent of whom are patrons of the co-operative creameries.

Lime and Brick .- St. Cloud was fortunate in having ready at hand the material both for lime and brick. A bed of marl was found in the low tract of land in the vicin- ity of Normal Park, where in the summer and fall of 1857 N. N. Smith began the manufacture of lime. It was made into the form of brick and burned. Among those who assisted in this were Wm. Holes, An- drew Holes, Carl Herberger and Wm. Cart- ledge. The manufacture of this lime was afterwards continued by J. E. West and H. J. Fowler. The product sold for from $1 to $1.75 per barrel. Lime from marl was made in 1865 by J. F. Noel and James Bowes.

Clay suitable for brick, although of an inferior quality, was discovered some dis- tance south of the marl bed, and in the spring of 1857 J. Ladd burned a kiln of brick, which found a ready market at $6 per thousand. The business later passed into the hands of J. E. West. In 1864 brick were made by H. J. Fowler, who continued the manufacture until 1868, although on a limited scale. They were red in color.

In the year 1858 a brick yard was opened a short distance north of Governor Gil- man's present residence by George Dun- ton and Isaac Parks and brick of the pre- vailing red color were made for several years. Brick from these kilns were used in the Edelbrock building at the corner of St. Germain street and Fifth avenue, and of the Metzroth and Burbank buildings at the corner of St. Germain street and Sixth avenue. None of these deposits of clay were extensive and after a time were ex- hausted.

Miscellaneous Notes .- St. Cloud's first

directory was issued in 1888 by E. F. Bar- rett. It was a book of 292 pages, and con- tained 2,800 names, with 217 from East St. Cloud. The second was published in 1892 by Chas. Pettibone & Co., who followed with biennial editions until 1903, which was the last by that firm. The field was taken in 1904 by John H. Ley, who has produced a very satisfactory directory from that date until the present time, the last hav- ing been Vol. VI in 1914, including the City of St. Cloud, Sauk Rapids, Waite Park and Sartell. In this edition St. Cloud has 5,199 names of persons above the age of eighteen years, and using the multiple of 21/2 this would indicate a population of 12,997; the same estimate giving Sauk Rapids a pop- ulation of 1,938, Waite Park, 580, and Sar- tell, 288.

The first financial statement of Stearns county that was published covered the period from December 30, 1859, to Septem- ber 3, 1860. The balance shown on the credit side was $6.19.

The government census for 1910 gave St. Cloud, with its population of 10,600, a total of 2,013 homes, being an average of about one home to each five of the inhabitants. Of these homes 849 were free, 279 were encumbered, and 827 were rented, the re- mainder being "unknown."

The completion of the new Catholic high school building in St. Cloud, costing ap- proximately $70,000, was celebrated with appropriate exercises January 10-14, 1915.

The sale of Red Cross seals at St. Cloud for 1914 totaled 27,000.

Peter Thome was the first policeman in St. Cloud to wear a star.

The Tileston flouring mills, which had just been overhauled and put in excellent running order by its new owners, the Great Northern Flour Mills Company, was en- tirely destroyed by fire the evening of Feb- ruary 16, 1915. The loss was $135,000, with $71,000 insurance. The company proceeded at once to rebuild. At noon of the follow- ing day, February 17, a fire broke out in the storeroom of the Granite Tablet Com- pany, located in the Carter block, causing $25,000 damage to the building and its oc- cupants. The heaviest losers were the Tablet company, $12,500; the Freeman wholesale grocery company, John Carter (owner of the building), the Grinols com-

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pany and the Commercial Club, while other tenants had smaller losses, all covered by insurance.

Mrs. Elizabeth Watson, for 33 years a resident of Stearns county, died March 6 at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Rosena Morgan, at Holdingford. She was born in

Kentucky in 1803, and at the time of her death was 112 years of age, being probably the oldest woman in Minnesota.

The original outlay for improvements on the Lake George boulevard was $13,600, for which the city has practically nothing to show.

CHAPTER L.

THE NEWSPAPER PRESS.

Early Efforts-The Pioneer Newspapermen-St. Cloud-Sauk Centre-Melrose -Albany-Belgrade-Cold Spring-Freeport-Holdingford-Kimball -Paynesville By Alvah Eastman.

The history of the newspapers of Stearns county is limited to fifty-eight years. It starts in St. Cloud and covers the three cities and several villages. It is a history of public spirit, hard work and for the most part, distinguished ability. In St. Cloud it is remarkable for the length of service of the editors, and for the comparatively few changes in the three surviving papers. Another remarkable feature, and which il- lustrates the law of the survival of the fit- test, is that in the cities and villages out- side of St. Cloud there is only one paper in each-a most wise policy for the cities and villages and for the papers. But there have been some strenuous times in arriv- ing at this happy solution, and these repre- sent the personal phases of pioneer jour- nalism, when lack of news was supple- mented by attacks of the editors on each other, which were clearly libelous. But it was a give-and-take game, and on the whole the libel suits were few, if any. One print- ing office was sacked and the press thrown in the river, which is the only instance of the laying on of hands, and public indigna- tion and public assistance soon righted this act of vandalism.

St. Cloud early gained fame through Jane Grey Swisshelm, famous author, lecturer and journalist. She was a most forceful writer, and none of her successors have quite equalled her sizzling editorials or the vitriol of her attacks. But she was true to her convictions, a woman unafraid, and who did a great service to the city and the county in making St. Cloud and Stearns

county known at the time when the tide of immigration was rolling westward to the Mississippi and beyond, and her value as a publicity agent of the fertile acres-now cultivated by many thousands of prosper- ous farmers, and the various villages and the three cities within the county- is be- yond measure. Her successor was W. B. Mitchell, who for nearly a third of a cen- turn published and edited one of the strongest and best known papers in the state. He was succeeded in 1892 by Alvah Eastman, who is still in the harness.

C. F. Macdonald has the longest editorial record of any man in the county for con- tinuous service, and at this writing is en- tering upon his forty-first year, a man of great ability and who has made his paper one of the leaders of his party in the state.

Gerhard May has been editor of the German paper, which is today one of the best known papers in the state published in the language of the Fatherland, for thir- ty-one consecutive years. He has seen other German papers come and go, and is today the sole survivor of editors of pa- pers printed in a foreign language not only in Stearns county but in Central Minne- sota.

Three St. Cloud editors have been hon- ored with the presidency of the Minnesota Editorial Association, and two of these have been secretary of the association-a record probably not equaled by any other city of the size of St. Cloud.

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HISTORY OF STEARNS COUNTY

There were other attempts to establish papers in St. Cloud, among them being the St. Cloud Tribune, by Walter C. Brower, which lasted only a short time; Der An- zeiger (German), and the St. Cloud Herald, a labor paper, but the people of St. Cloud wisely decided that two English and one German paper were sufficient, and that it was better to have three excellent papers, vigorous and prosperous, than to have more of poorer quality.

Sauk Centre has been the home of editors of note, who did their share in push- ing the development of their city and the county. In the early days there was C. F. Hendryx, orator and polished writer, one cf the old type of editors, who was zealous of his editorial columns, but who was an indifferent business man; J. V. and Wal- ter C. Brower, men of great energy and ability; E. P. Barnum, a man of pleasing personality, prominent in his party, and his son Frank, energetic, good-hearted and erratic; Frank M. Eddy, congressman for four terms, one of the ablest men of the state, and a witty paragrapher and pro- found writer; A. M. Wells, a thorough newspaper man, who combined keen busi- ness ability with the newspaper instinct, and who is now published of the Worth- ington Globe. The worthy successor of these and other shining lights at Sauk Centre is Asa M. Wallace, a genial and ex- perienced newspaper man, who is presi- dent of the Northern Minnesota Editorial Association.

Among the pioneer editors is Dr. J. E. Campbell, of Melrose, who started the Sun and maintained it largely at his own ex- pense probably until it was able to make its own way when he retired. He is one of the honored men of the medical pro- fession, and of his city and county, and has served Melrose as mayor many terms.

This much by way of preface. The fol- lowing history of the individual papers is prepared from data furnished by the re- spective editors, and tells the story of a half century that has converted the un- broken prairies and the primeval forests into the fourth most wealthy county in Minnesota, with three cities and many villages and towns, all progressive and prosperous-and in this development the press has been the leader and the prophet, the poet and the sage.

ST. CLOUD.

The Journal-Press and Its Predecessors. -The first paper published in St. Cloud was the Minnesota Advertiser, the initial number being dated January 1, 1857. It was a seven-column sheet, motto: "Neu- tral-but Independent," with Democratic leanings. Geo .. F. Brott, proprietor, of Lower St. Cloud, was owner of the paper; Caleb West was publisher, and for the first two or three months H. W. Coles was editor. He was succeeded by James C. Shepley, an attorney. In running off the first numbers the printer was forced to use buckskin balls, in place of rollers for ink- ing the type. During the fall of that year the Advertiser ceased to exist. On Decem- ber 10, 1857, with the old material of the Advertiser, was issued the first number of the St. Cloud Visitor, Mrs. Jane G. Swiss- helm, editor; James Mowatt, publisher. Its size was reduced to six columns to the page. In politics it was strongly anti- slavery. Before daylight on the morning of March 24, 1858, (after the outside of No. 9 of the Visitor had been printed) the office was broken into by parties who were displeased with Mrs. Swisshelm's policy, the press was taken to pieces and the more necessary parts of it, together with a large portion of the type, were thrown into the Mississippi river or scattered along the street. A threatening letter signed by a "Committee of Vigilance" was found on the editorial table. A meeting of the citi- zens was promptly held, and the perpe- trators of the outrage denounced and measures taken for procuring a new press and type. On May 13, 1858, No. 9 of the paper, printed from the new material, ap- peared as a six-column sheet-Mrs. Jane G. Swisshelm, editor; Mr. Mowatt, pub- lisher. Mr. Mowatt's relations as pub- lisher ceased after this issue, and the me- chanical part of the paper was placed in the hands of a journeyman printer.

The material was owned by a joint stock company, the editorial control only being under charge of Mrs. Swisshelm. A libel suit of $10,000 having been instituted against the company by James C. Shepley, on account of a certain article in the paper alleged to be personal, the publication of the Visitor was suspended on July 29, 1858. The office, type, press, etc., were at

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HISTORY OF STEARNS COUNTY

that time transferred to Mrs. Swisshelm for the nominal sum of one dollar. On the fifth of August, 1858, appeared the first number of the St. Cloud Democrat (same size as the Visitor), with Mrs. Swisshelm as editor and proprietor. On June 11, 1863, the establishment was purchased by W. B. Mitchell; and on November 26 of the same year the paper was enlarged to a seven- column sheet and various improvements were made in its make-up. On September 13, 1866, a new power press having been . put in the office, the paper was enlarged to nine columns to the page and the name changed to the St. Cloud Journal.

In 1872 a stock company composed of several of the then prominent citizens started the St. Cloud Press, and this was continued for four years, under the man- agement of various editors, Charles McKin- rey serving for the longest time. In 1876 it was purchased by Mr. Mitchell, and con- sclidated with the Journal under the name of the Journal-Press, which title it still re- tains. Mr. Mitchell sold the paper and plant in September, 1892, to the Journal- Press company, have been continuously connected with the Journal-Press and its predecessors for thirty-five years, being the sole owner and editor for nearly thirty years.

The Journal-Press company on the date of its purchase of the plant, September 3, 1893, established the Daily Journal-Press, and it has since been continuously under the editorship of Alvah Eastman. It has in these years been equipped with lino- type machines, perfecting press, and be- sides the eight-paged daily, issued a twice- a-week paper, eight pages each, and was the first paper in central Minnesota to get its general news by wire.

One noteworthy experience of this paper is the many men who have won success, who were for a time connected with the Journal-Press company, either as city edi- tors or in a business capacity. C. S. Mitchell, the brilliant chief editorial writer of the Duluth News-Tribune, was its city editor for ten years. He was succeeded by Harvey W. Grimmer, now president of the Fritz-Cross Printing Company, and for several years Governor Johnson's execu- tive clerk. Other men who have held this position are Arthur Gorman, private sec- retary to Congressman Lindbergh; Dr.

Philip E. Stangl, St. Cloud; W. C. Ham- merel, of St. Paul; Harold Knutsen, St. Cloud; Wm. McGregor, attorney, St. Paul; and Fritz Stangl, who is attending the Chi- cago University-all city editors. Those graduating from the business and mechan- ical departments of the paper are James R. Jerrard, secretary and manager of the Se- curity Blank Book and Publishing Com- pany, St. Cloud; Earl D. Cross, manager of the Fritz-Cross Printing Company; An- drew E. Fritz, public examiner of Minne- sota, St. Paul; Peter E. Honer, editor of the Cold Spring Record, and Calvert S. Eastman, assistant of the W. F. Hall Print- ing Company, of Chicago.

Three of those who have answered the final call were Maurice W. Eastman, who was successively newsboy, printer, city editor and vice-president of the company, and who during these years graduated with honors from Dartmouth College; John W. Fastman, editor and proprietor of the Thief River Falls News, and H. C. Hen- derson, editor and proprietor of the Vern- dale Sun.

The present business manager is J. F. Gaspard, who has successfully held this position for eleven years, and is secre- tary of the company; Henry Z. Mitchell is city editor, and Edward Hedlund, superin- tendent of subscriptions.

Daily and Weekly St. Cloud Times .- The St. Cloud Times is an outgrowth of the St. Cloud Union, which was established on July 7, 1861, by Gen. S. B. Lowry with ma- terial formerly used by W. H. Wood in the publication of the New Era at Sauk Rapids; Gen. C. C. Andrews was the edi- tor. In 1862 the office reverted to Mr. Wood, by whom the Union continued to be published until 1863, when it was sold to Spafford & Simonton. In 1864 R. Chaning Moore assumed the editorial management and changed the name to the St. Cloud Times, the publishers being Spafford & Simonton. The Times has been owned by Simonton Bros., Simonton & Barnes, A. J. Reed, L. A. Evans & J. J. Green, L. A. Evans, R. W. Delano, Lamb & Rhodes, William H. Lamb, and finally C. F. Macdon- ald, the present editor and principal own- er, into whose hands it passed on Janu- ary 13, 1875. During the first fourteen years of its existence the Times had four- teen editors or publishers. In the last forty

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HISTORY OF STEARNS COUNTY

years, Mr. Macdonald has been the sole editor of the paper. In November, 1872, the office together with all the material, presses, files, etc., were destroyed by fire; but in a short time new material was se- cured and the publication was continued. On September 27, 1887, C. F. Macdonald established the Daily Times, being the first daily published in St. Cloud. January 1, 1903, Fred Schilplin bought an interest in the Times and became business manager. The concern was incorporated under the general laws of the state June 1, 1907, under the name of "The Times Publishing Company," with a capital of $30,000. June 1, 1914, the capital was increased to $38,- 500, because of the purchase of a building and lot valued at $10,000. During all its history the Times has been Democratic in politics and has advocated the principles of the party and the election of its candidates.

Der Nordstern .- At the time Der Nord- stern was started there was a real demand for a local German Newspaper to be pub- lished in the city of St. Cloud. In the month of December, 1872, Peter Brick and P. E. Kaiser issued two sample copies, two weeks apart, of Der Nordstern and sent the sample copies to all addresses they were able to obtain from the tax lists in Stearns county, with the request to the recipients to subscribe for the new Ger- man newspaper. On January 1, 1873, Der Nordstern had over 800 bona fide subscrib- ers, and this number has been growing ever since until now the paper has over 7,000 subscribers. The paper was pub- lished under the firm name of Brick & Kaiser. In politics Der Nordstern has at all times been a Democratic newspaper. Mr. Brick edited the paper the first year; after that he sold his interest to his brother Leo Brick, an accomplished printer .. Mr. Kaiser took charge of the editorial depart- ment of the paper until he sold his interest in 1875 to Joseph L. Meyer. The firm name of the publishers was changed to Brick & Meyer. Mr. Meyer was editor of the pa- per until 1876, when he sold his interest to P. E. Kaiser, the former owner. The firm name was again changed to Brick & Kaiser. In 1882 John Rentz, William L. Rosenberger and Joseph L. Meyer bought out Brick & Kaiser, the firm name being now Meyer, Rosenberger & Rentz; the same year Joseph L. Meyer sold his inter-

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History of Stearns County, Minnesota, Volume II, Part 109

Author: Mitchell, William Bell, 1843- Publication date: 1915 Publisher: Chicago : H. S. Cooper Number of Pages: 1110

Author: Mitchell, William Bell, 1843-
Publication date: 1915
Publisher: Chicago : H. S. Cooper
Number of Pages: 1110