USA > Missouri > Encyclopedia of the history of Missouri, a compendium of history and biography for ready reference, Vol. I > Part 1
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org.
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64 | Part 65 | Part 66 | Part 67 | Part 68 | Part 69 | Part 70 | Part 71 | Part 72 | Part 73 | Part 74 | Part 75 | Part 76 | Part 77 | Part 78 | Part 79 | Part 80 | Part 81 | Part 82 | Part 83 | Part 84 | Part 85 | Part 86 | Part 87 | Part 88 | Part 89 | Part 90 | Part 91 | Part 92 | Part 93 | Part 94 | Part 95 | Part 96 | Part 97 | Part 98 | Part 99 | Part 100 | Part 101 | Part 102 | Part 103 | Part 104 | Part 105 | Part 106 | Part 107 | Part 108 | Part 109 | Part 110 | Part 111 | Part 112 | Part 113
GEN
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 01084 9682
GENEALOGY 977.8 C74E v.1
-
Thomas A. Puten
ENCYCLOPEDIA
OF THE
HISTORY OF MISSOURI,
A COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY FOR READY REFERENCE.
EDITED BY HOWARD L. CONARD.
VOL. I.
NEW YORK, LOUISVILLE, ST. LOUIS: THE SOUTHERN HISTORY COMPANY. HALDEMAN, CONARD & CO., PROPRIETORS.
1901.
THE SOUTHERN HISTORY CO.
ADVISORY EDITORS AND CONTRIBUTORS.
HON. FRANCIS M. BLACK, COL. R. T. VAN HORN,
HON. JOHN C. GAGE, 1199596
HON. E. L. SCARRITT, HON. OLIVER H. DEAN,
DANIEL B. HOLMES, W. P. TRICKETT, HOWARD M. HOLDEN,
CHARLES J. HUBBARD, COL. THEODORE S. CASE, JOSEPH S. CHICK, COL. M. J. PAYNE,
WILLIAM H. WINANTS,
C. LESTER HALL, M. D., W. D. FOSTER, M. D., PROF. JAMES M. GREENWOOD,
MRS. CARRIE WESTLAKE WHITNEY, GEORGE HALLEY, M. D., HENRY M. BEARDSLEY, REV. WILLIAM J. DALTON,
REV. HENRY HOPKINS, REV. J. W. LOVE,
REV. CAMERON MANN, REV. T. P. HALEY, REV. C. H. BRIGGS,
REV. SAMUEL M. NEEL, REV. JOHN B. HILL, REV. J. O'B. LOWRY, RICHARD GENTRY,
REV. FREDERICK B. PRICE,
MRS. FRANK COOPER,
PROF. HENRY E. SCHULTZE, E. M. CLENDENING,
R. B. MIDDLEBROOK, W. A. FORSTER, M .. D.,
GEORGE C. HALE, EDWIN R. WEEKS, MRS. JAMES H. AUSTIN, MRS. JAMES C. HORTON, MRS. M. ROLLIN,
S. C. DELAP, M. D., JOSEPH M. LOWE, MRS. H. N. ESS,
JOHN DONOVAN, JR., MISS MARY A. OWEN,
F. W. MAXWELL, HON. STEPHEN S. BROWN, THOMAS W. EVANS, HON. WILLIAM F. SWITZLER, COL. JOHN DONIPHAN,
HON. O. M. SPENCER,
R. L. McDONALD,
PROF. EDWARD B. NEELY, HON. JOHN A. GALLAHER, HON. SAM B. COOK.
CHARLES O. HARRINGTON. PROF. S. M. DICKEY, SAMUEL MCREYNOLDS, COL. H. II. GREGG, HON. CHARLES B. MCAFEE,
HON. BENJAMIN U. MASSEY, HON. JAMES R. VAUGHAN, DABNEY C. DADE, HON. GEORGE ROBERTSON, HON. M. G. McGREGOR. PROF. J. D. WILSON,
JOHN T. BIRDSEYE, S. A. WIGHT, HON. DANIEL P. STRATTON, HON. CHARLES G. BURTON,
J. E. HARDING, THOMAS EGGER, E. L. MOORE, E. H. ADAMS, HON. W. W. GRAVES,
F. J. TYGARD, JOHN S. FRANCISCO, HON. F. A. SAMPSON, O. A. CRANDALL, J. E. TEFFT, M. D., HON. F. M. CARTER, REV. W. POPE YEAMAN, D. D., PROF. JOHN D. LAWSON, LL. D., PROF. FREDERICK C. HICKS, PROF. CURTIS F. MARBUT, PROF. GARLAND C. BROADHEAD, MRS. LUELLA WILCOX ST. CLAIR,
J. H. ALEXANDER, HON. S. M. GREEN, WILLIAM II. CHILES,
JOHN H. BRITTS, M. D., PROF. U. W. LAMKIN, JAMES R. LUCAS, J. WADE GARDENER, M. D., CHARLES H. LUCAS,
THOMAS M. JOHNSON, W. J. ROUSE, HON. ROBERT RHOADES, HON. W. R. SAMUEL, HON. WILL O. ROTHWELL,
iii
iv
ADVISORY EDITORS AND CONTRIBUTORS.
THOMAS J. DOCKERY.
ANDREW J. HERNDON. REV. IIIRAM D. GROVES. HON. WALLER L. BOULWARE, HON. THOMAS H. BACON. HON. S. S. BASSETT. HENRY C. BELL. DANIEL M. TUCKER. J. J. BOLLINGER, GEORGE W. CREATH. HON. T. J. C. FAGG. ELI D. AKE. IION. WILLIAM CARTER. HON. E. C. LACKS. WILLIAM EVANS. WILLIAM B. NAPTON. R. L. JURDEN. T. F. B. SOTHAM. J. D. GRIFFITH, M. D., C. B. HEWITT, D. D. S .. COL. JOHN H. SHANKLIN.
JOHN N. SHEPLER. CHIARLES W. GREEN. JAMES H. GRIER, WILLIAM R. PAINTER.
A. E. HACKETT.
HON. CYRUS F. CLARK.
PROF. WILLIAM TRELEASE. WILLIAM H. THOMSON. HON. SHEPARD BARCLAY, PROF. SYLVESTER WATERHOUSE.
REV. MICHAEL BURNILANI, D. D .. HON. ROBERT A. BAKEWELL. SAMUEL J. CARTER. SENECA N. TAYLOR.
REV. ROGER M. SARGENT. D. D ..
HON. CHARLES P. JOHNSON. MRS. GEORGE HI. SHIELDS. PROF. I .. HAEBERLE. IION. EDWARD C. KEHR. LEONORA B. HALSTED.
WILLIAM M. MCPHEETERS, M. D .. PROF. AUGUSTUS L. GRAEBNER, ROBERT P. TANSEY. GEORGE C. PITZER. M. D ..
REA. JOUN W. CUNNINGHAM.
PROF. MARSHALL S. SNOW. THEOPHILE PAPIN, PROF. FREDERICK C. HICKS. REV. JOHN SNYDER, D. D .. IION. JAMES O. BROADHEAD.
REV. WILLARD W. BOYD, D. D. MARTHA S. KAYSER, WILLIAM R. HODGES.
LUDWIG BREMER. M. D., T. GRISWOLD COMSTOCK. MI. D., WILLIAM H. MILLER, FESTUS J. WADE. IULIUS L. FOY, HON. NORMAN J. COLMAN. SAMUEL M. KENNARD. HON. MINARD L. HOLMAN. MRS. P. G. ROBERT. JAMES L. BLAIR. WALTER L. SHELDON. HON. MELVIN L. GRAY, MARY McCONNELL BLAISDELL, JAMES A. WATERWORTH, REV. SAMUEL SALE.
ERNST D. KARGAU. REV. DAVID S. PHELAN. REV. FRANK TYRRELL. EVERETT M. PATTISON. REV. CHRISTIAN G. HAAS,
RT. REV. DANIEL S. TUTTLE. D. D .. EUGENE J. GROSS. CHARLES F. HATFIELD. ARTHUR N. SAGER, FRANCIS E. COOK.
MRS. MEROE E. CANNON. ALEXANDER N. DE MENIL, PH. D., REV. LOUIS G. LANDENBERGER, MARY V. TOOMEY, ENNO SANDER, HON. WILLIAM T. HARRIS, REV. THOMAS M. FINNEY, D. D., HENRY CADLE. REV. WALTER H. HILL, S. J .. WILLIAM H. MAYO,
THOMAS S. MCPHEETERS,
WILLIAM J. SEEVER. HON. FRANK K. RYAN. IION. CHARLES NAGEL, FREDERICK N. CRUNDEN. PROF. AUGUST WALDAU'ER, WILLIAM H. WOODWARD.
REV. SAMUEL J. NICCOLLS, D. D., HON. J. GABRIEL WOERNER. COL. JOIIN G. KELLY.
HORACE KEPHART. THOMAS DIMMOCK, JAMES COX. IION. WARWICK HOUGH. MRS. FRED. IL. INGALLS,
HON. NATHAN FRANK, BENJAMIN F. NELSON. HON. ISAAC HI. STURGEON.
PREFACE.
EN this busy age that which saves time and labor in the acquisition of knowledge is not less appreciated than are labor-saving appliances in the arts and industries. As civilization has advanced, Encyclopedias have multiplied, until they now lighten the labors of the student in almost every field of investigation. Hitherto, however, no attempt has been made to apply this plan to the compilation and arrangement of local history, and a search for information concerning any event of local interest has usually been far more laborious than the effort to obtain knowledge of the happenings of remote ages in far-away countries. It has been well said that "history, like charity, begins at home. The best American citizens are those who mind home affairs and local interests." And again, that " the first step in history is to know thoroughly the district where we live. . . . American local history should be studied as a contribution to general history." Ignorance of the history of the country, the city, or community in which we live, is, in this age, "a reproach to any people," and those who think it safe to rely solely upon traditions for their knowledge of family or local history cherish a sentiment which should have passed away with the aborigines.
Believing that the cyclopedic plan, which has so greatly facilitated the acquisition of knowledge in broader fields, could not fail to be productive of the most satisfactory results when applied to the preservation of local history, I planned the Encyclopedia of the History of Missouri, and the first encyclo- pedia of a State is herewith presented to the public. The compilation of that portion of the encyclopedia relating to the city of St. Louis was begun early in the year 1897, with the lamented William Hyde as editor-in-chief. Upon this last labor of his life he entered in the spirit of the true historian, determined that it should be a "witness of the times," past and present, and that he would "nothing extenuate nor set down aught in malice." For nearly two years thereafter, Mr. Hyde and myself were co-laborers, and then the dark-winged angel beckoned my beloved associate away from the crowning work of his life. When this talented writer and chivalrous gentleman-who had himself been so much a part of the history of the State-passed away, the completion of our joint task devolved upon me. In the same spirit in which it was begun, the work has been carried forward, and on behalf of my
vi
PREFACE.
dead friend and myself, I now submit the results to the people of Missouri. That perfection has been attained, and that our work will be found absolutely free from error, cannot of course be claimed, for-
"Whoever thinks a faultless piece to see, Thinks what ne'er was, nor is, nor e'er shall be."
Nevertheless, I feel confident that these volumes will commend them- selves to fair and just critics, and find favor with an intelligent public, proud of this imperial State, loyal to its welfare, and deeply interested in its history.
To more than two hundred citizens of Missouri, who have contributed special articles or aided in the preparation of this work, in an advisory capacity I desire to return sincerest thanks, and to Dr. Alexander N. De Ménil, ex-Chief Justice Shepard Barclay, Mr. Theophile Papin, Mr. Daniel M. Grissom, Capt. F. Y. Hedley, Col. R. T. Van Horn, Mr. W. H. Winants, Mr. Howard M. Holden, Hon. M. G. McGregor, Col. H. H. Gregg, Hon. Charles B. McAfee, Mr. Dabney C. Dade, Hon. F. A. Sampson, Hon. William B. Napton, Hon. William H. Chiles, Hon. Charles G. Burton, Hon. George Robertson, Hon. Thomas H. Bacon and Hon. Will O. Rothwell, the editor has been especially indebted for counsel and assistance in the compilation of the encyclopedia. To those, also, who have generously aided us to illustrate this work more elaborately and beautifully than any historical work previously published in the State, I beg to return the thanks of the publishers as well as my own. This cordial co-operation has alone made its publication possible. The warm welcome which has been extended, in so many ways, to this undertaking, by the men and women of Missouri, is but one manifestation of that spirit of liberality which is universally recognized as a distinguishing trait of this people. We are grateful for that welcome, and for the opportunity we have had, in the preparation of this great memorial, to shape into permanent form the annals of such citizenship as this State can proudly boast.
In these records of public and private achievement may be easily found the secret of that wonderful development which has won for the State her present proud rank ; and in these records, moreover, may be seen the evidences of that impulse, energy and resistless force which promise to Missouri the yet more brilliant role of leadership which manifest destiny has marked out for her in the civilization and culture of the great Southwest.
HOWARD L. CONARD.
INDEX TO ILLUSTRATIONS.
A
PAGE
Adams, Elmer B. S
Allen, Arthur M. 21
Allen, John MI. 26
Armour, Andrew W
Askew, Frank
58
70
Autenrieth, George
90
Aylor, Joseph W.
95
B
Baker, John W. .10I
Barclay, Shepard I47
Barnes, Baron S. I49 .
Barron, Henry 163
Bartlett, Eayre O. I66
Barton, Abraham P. 168
Barton, David
170
Barton, C. Josephine W.
172
Baskett, James N.
176
Bedford, Henry H.
190
Bell, Charles C.
193
Bell, Nicholas M.
196
Benton, Thomas H. Frontispiece.
Bernays, Augustus C. 209
Binder, Frederick H. 272
Black, James
282
Blanke, Cyrus F. ...
.290
Blees, Frederick W. V.
293
PAGE
Blees Military Academy-
Academic Hall
.294
The Aula 206
Athletic Field 208
Blodgett, Wells H. .300
Boulware, Theodrick C. 3,36
Boyce, Joseph
345
Boyd, James W. .348
Brandom, Charles P. 356
Brashear, Richard M. 358
Bridge, Hudson E.
.303
Brinkerhoff, William E. 381
Broadhead, James O.
387
Browning, William T. 404
Bryant, Walter G. 408
Burnett, S. Grover
438
Bush, William D. 450
C
Cain, George W. 464 Cantwell, Harry J. 482
Cass, Amos A. 520
Chambers, Dynes 560
Chambers, George W. .502
Chiles, Cornelius C.
583
Chrisman, George L.
592
Christy, John M.
594
vii
They who lived in history seemed to walk the earth again. -Longfellow.
We may gather out of history a policy no less wise than eternal. -Sir Walter Raleigh. Histories make men wise .- Bacon.
Truth comes to us from the past as gold is washed down to us from the mountains of Sierra Nevada, in minute but precious particles .- Bovee.
Examine history, for it is "philosophy teaching by example."-Carlyle.
History is the essence of innumerable biographies .- Carlyle.
Biography is the most universally pleasant, the most universally profitable, of all reading .- Carlyle.
Both justice and decency require that we should bestow on our forefathers an honorable remembrance .- Thucydides.
"If history is important, biography is equally so, for biography is but history individualized. In the former we have the episodes and events illustrated by communities, peoples, states, nations. In the latter we have the lives and characters of individual men shaping events, and becoming instructors of future generations."
viii
Encyclopedia of the History of Missouri.
A
Aaron, William Lucas, lawyer, was born April 21, 1856, in Quincy, Adams County, Illinois. His parents were John and Remember (Hull) Aaron. The father was born in Camden, Delaware, from which State he sailed to Mobile, Alabama, whence he trav- eled to the city which became the birthplace of his son, in 1849. The mother was a daugh- ter of Captain Hull, and a niece of Commo- dore Hull, of the United States Navy. Cap- tain Hull, who was a native of Virginia, moved to Illinois in 1817, making the passage by river with a flatboat to what is now East St. Louis. During the Indian troubles he commanded a company in the First Illinois Militia Regiment. His hat plume, eighteen inches long, made of redbird feathers and whalebone, is now in possession of the grand- son, Williani Lucas Aaron. The last named was reared as a farm boy, and as an incident of this portion of his life, had charge of an extensive orchard. After completing the branches taught in the ordinary public schools he took an academic course under Professor Pike, an accomplished educator of Jerseyville, Illinois, and later completed the Latin-Scien- tific course of the Wesleyan University, at Bloomington, Illinois. In 1874 he attended a commercial college in Quincy, and during vacation read law under the preceptorship of Judge Joseph C. Thompson, of the same city. He then entered the law school of the Michi- gan University, at Ann Arbor, from which he was graduated in the class of 1879. In 1876 the Honorable Scott Wike, member of Con- gress from the Twelfth Illinois Congressional District, tendered him an appointment to the Military Academy at West Point, which he de- clined. He was engaged in practice in Quincy, Illinois, until 1886, when he made a trip to the West for improvement in health. His journey was broken at Hays City, Kansas, on account of a blizzard. A murder trial was about to begin, and, it becoming known that he was a lawyer, he was engaged to defend
the case, in which he was successful. This was the occasion of his locating in that place, and he entered upon practice. He was twice elected prosecuting attorney, and declined re- nomination for a third term. He was then nominated by the Democrats for judge of the Court of Appeals, and was defeated at the polls. In 1897 he removed to Joplin, Mis- souri, and engaged in a practice which has proven successful and remunerative. At pres- ent he is a member of the law firm of Aaron & Shepherd, located in the Masonic Block, where they occupy a handsome suite of rooms, with an extensive library. He has taken some interest in mining affairs, and has developed good mines in the Lone Elm neighborhood. In politics he is a consistent Democrat, and in religion a member of the First Presbyterian Church. Mr. Aaron was married, December 22, 1880, at Carthage, Illinois, to Miss Alice G. Johnson, daughter of James G. Johnson, a manufacturer of farm implements. They are the parents of three children, Lawrence J., Ella M. and William L. Aaron, Jr.
Abbadie, D', was Governor of Louisiana from 1763 to 1765, and exercised civil and military jurisdiction over the territory now included in the State of Missouri, at the time St. Louis was founded. He was sent by the King of France to New Orleans, in 1763, to take charge of certain royal business interests, and was authorized also to assume the func- tions of Director General of the Province of Louisiana, with the powers of a military com- mandant. As the result of the cession of Louisiana to Spain, in 1762, he was ordered to turn over the command to a representative of the Spanish government, and did so at the close of the year 1764. Grief at this change in his fortunes caused his death, February 4, 1765. Abbadie was a man of noble impulses ; he protected the Indians, caused the masters to treat their slaves more kindly, and, in many ways, endeared himself to the Louisianians.
ABBOTT-ABLE.
Abbott, Charles Lincoln, dentist, was born October 20, 1860, in North Reading, Massachusetts, son of Joel Augustus and Sarah Ann (Parker) Abbott. The parents were both natives of Massachusetts, and came from families that had settled there in an early day, playing a conspicuous part in the devel- opment and growth of the Commonwealth of which they came to be a substantial part. The son attended the grammar and high schools of Lowell, Massachusetts, applying himself with such faithfulness that he acquired a thor- ough knowledge of the higher literary branches, and was well prepared for the pro- fessional course of which he had determined to avail himself. In 1881 he entered the Harvard Dental College, and attended that institution's course of lectures three years, graduating, in 1884, with the degree of D. M. D. After receiving his diploma he de- termined to enter upon active practice at once, and, therefore, removed to Kansas City, Mis- souri. in 1885, where he has since resided, a prominent member of the profession and a man highly esteemed. Beginning with the year 1889, he was for three years connected with the Kansas City Dental College as an in- structor in Operative Dentistry. He filled that chair with great credit to himself and to the best interests of the institution, but re- signed in order that he might devote his entire time to the practice of his profession. He holds to the principles of the Democratic party, but is not an active worker in political affairs. He is a member of the Kansas City Club, is popular in the social circles in which he moves, and enjoys not only the confidence of the public, but the unlimited respect of those with whom he is associated in a profes- sional capacity.
Able, Barton, was born in Trinity, Alexander County, Illinois, July 31, 1823, and died in St. Louis, May 6, 1877. His father was of Irish descent, and his mother came of a Scotch family. Leaving home when he was seventeen years of age, Mr. Able started out to make his own way in the world, and in 1845 he had accumulated one hundred dol- lars capital, with which he came to St. Louis. Immediately after his coming here he became connected with the river business, as a clerk on the steamer "Ocean Wave." Two years later he was made captain of this boat, and afterward, until 1854, commanded the steam-
ers "Time and Tide" and "Cataract," then running in the Illinois trade. From 1854 to 1858 he was in the Missouri River trade, as captain of the steamers "Cataract" and "Edinburgh." From 1858 to 1864 he con- ducted a large commission house on the cor- ner of Pine and Commercial Streets, in St. Louis. Thereafter, until the end of his life, he was prominently identified with the busi- ness interests of St. Louis, and during the year 1865 was president of the Merchants Exchange. For some years he was a mem- ber of the National Board of Trade, and fre- quently represented the Merchants' Exchange at Washington, in the interest of Western trade and commerce. In the early years of liis residence in St. Louis he began taking an interest in politics, and was one of the "old- line" Democrats who took part in the "Free Soil" movement in Missouri. In 1856 he was a member of the State Legislature, and while serving in that capacity he placed Thomas H. Benton in nomination for the United States Senate, and cast the first vote for "emancipa- tion" in this State. He was a Benton dele- gate to the Cincinnati Convention of 1856, which nominated Buchanan for President, and four years later sat in the Chicago Conven- tion of the newly organized Republican party. which nominated Abraham Lincoln for Presi- dent. When the Civil War began he became known as one of the ardent Unionists of Mis- souri, and rendered valuable services to the government, and was the personal friend and confidant of General John A. Logan. He was entrusted with the command of government transportation at St. Louis, in which capacity lie had sole charge of the expedition which conveyed Lyon and Blair to Boonville. Hc also commanded the fleet that left St. Louis with General Fremont and the expedition to Cairo in 1861. At the close of the war he was among the first to favor a conciliatory policy in Missouri, and the restoration to ex. Confederates of the rights which they had previously enjoyed. He was a member of the Conservative delegation to the Baltimore Convention of 1864. and was chairman of the delegation sent from Missouri to the Philadel- phia Convention of 1866, which met to con- sider the state of the country. In later years he was prominent in the councils of the Dem- ocratic party, and was a conspicuous figure in various National Conventions of that party. Captain Able married, in 1847, Miss Mary
ABORIGINAL ANTIQUITIES-ACADEMY OF MEDICINE, KANSAS CITY. 3
Hamilton, of Kaskaskia, Illinois, who sur- vived him.
Aboriginal Antiquities. - On the higher bluffs of our larger streams, especially along the Missouri and its tributaries, there are often seen rounded mounds five to fifteen feet high, and some are even higher, and twenty to fifty feet in diameter, and sometimes they may be longer one way than the other. On these trees are sometimes seen growing of two to three feet in diameter. These mounds were here when the white man first came into this country.
In the western part of Clay County, on the Missouri bluffs, there are a number of these mounds. After digging into them three to four feet there was disclosed a walled sepul- cher just eight feet square, built of stone, per- feetly straight within and two feet high. No care seems to have been taken to have the wall straight on the outside. Within these walls several human skeletons were found, as many as five or six in one inclosure. Mounds re- sembling these outwardly have been opened on Hinkson Bluffs, Boone County, some of them walled, but more roughly than those in Clay County. Human skeletons were also found ; also earthen pots, flints and stone axes. Over the bodies there seem to have been placed flat stones, then dirt well packed, and fire was afterward applied, as shown by bones partly burned and partly burned clay. Simi- lar mounds and stone structures have been observed in St. Louis, Pike, Montgomery and Ralls Counties.
St. Louis has been called the "Mound City," from the number of mounds originally found there, especially a large one at the intersection of Broadway and Mound Streets. In New Madrid County there are many mounds, from which much pottery has been taken. But it is not so perfect as that of the Mexican Pueblos.
On the surface, at many places, are found flint arrow heads, both small and large, some roughly made, some very finely worked; also axes of exquisite workmanship. The rougher flints may have been shaped by the present Indians, but there is no evidence that any of the present tribes could shape and polish these stone implements in any way but roughly. Other persons of higher artistic attainments must have shaped them, and these may have been driven off by the present races several hundred years ago. The Toltecs of Mexico
have legends that they were driven away from a country inhabited by them, away to the northeast, hundreds of years ago. (See also "Archaeology" and "Indian Mounds.")
G. C. BROADHEAD.
Academy of Architecture and Building. - An institution founded in St. Louis, in 1885, at the corner of Ninth and Arsenal Streets, with Henry Maack as prin- cipal. As indicated in its name, the purposes of the institution are to give practical instruc- tion in architecture and building, and it is said to have been the first school of its kind founded in the United States. After being conducted for some years at the location first named, this school was removed to the corner of Eighth Street and Chouteau Avenue, and from there, in the fall of 1898, to 1742 Chou- teatt Avenue.
Academy of Medical and Surgi- cal Sciences .- An association of the physi- cians and surgeons of St. Louis, organized November 6, 1895, by Drs. James M. Hall, Emory Lanphear, Wellington Adams and others. Its purpose is to elevate the stand- ard of the profession, to promote scientific research and increase the skill and efficiency of practitioners of medicine. It had in 1898 an active membership of fifty physicians and surgeons.
Academy of Medicine, Kansas City. - The Academy of Medicine, incorpo- rated, grew out of the Kansas City Physicians' Club, organized in 1890. The organizing members were Dr. H. C. Crowell, Dr. Charles F. Wainwright, Dr. W. G. Douglas, Dr. John Punton, Dr. Hal Foster and Dr. A. P. Parker, of whom the three first named were, respec- tively, elected president, vice president and secretary. The academy has become one of the most useful and most widely known medi- cal societies in the country. Its weekly meet- ings, habitually attended by about one-half of its membership of one hundred, are for ad- dresses and discussions upon professional topics. An elaborate programme and a ban- quet are features of the annual meeting. A library valued at $20,000, located in the Rialto Building, is accessible at all times; it com- prises exclusively professional works, gifts from authors and publishers, and receives con- stant accessions as new works are issued from the press.
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.