USA > Missouri > Adair County > Kirksville > Catalogue of the First District State Normal School, Kirksville, Missouri > Part 2
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CHEMICAL LABORATORY.
15
KIRKSVILLE STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
A
B
B
C
D
A
C
F
A
B
E
D
ILLUSTRATIONS OF APPARATUS MADE BY STUDENTS.
16
KIRKSVILLE STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
tory. The following reference books have been added during the year: Deschanel's Natural Philosophy (4 vols.), Nichols and Franklin's Elements of Physics (3 vols.), Carhart's University Physics (2 vols.), Barker's Physics, Hall and and Bergen's Physics.
Physics has been taught very much in the same manner as Chemistry. About two-thirds of the year's work was taught without a text book. The experiments were performed with simple or "home-made" apparatus as far as possible. Most of the experiments were performed with a view of correct quanti- tative results. The members of the class made, from such mater- ial as may be gathered anywhere without expense, several pieces of "school-made", apparatus. Graphic solutions of problems were introduced when it was possible.
FOR THE COMING YEAR.
CHEMISTRY .- This subject comes in the Junior year; it con- stitutes a continuous course of 40 weeks. To do 40 weeks work, it is expected that the student spend 40 weeks in the class. Those entering this subject should have a good knowledge of algebra and geometry.
PHYSICS .- This subject is taken up in the Senior year, and is continued throughout the year. Physics requires a course in mathematics through trigonometry.
NATURAL SCIENCE.
MR. DOUGHERTY AND MISS JACKSON.
PHYSIOLOGY .- The human body is studied as a working or- ganism. Hence the work consists largely of experiments, and of the dissection of various animals closely related to man in structure and function of their organs. The course is distinet- ively a laboratory course in practical physiology. Colton's Phys- iology is used as a guide.
The department is supplied with an articulated skeleton, an- atomical charts, the Bock-Steger models, and plenty of micro- scopes.
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY .- Tarr's Physical Geography is u-ed as the basis of this work. The work, however, is for the most part done in the field, and in the laboratory. The student is taken to Nature whenever it is possible; when it is not possible
17
KIRKSVILLE STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
then Nature is brought to the laboratory; for this part of the work much help is afforded by the material contained in our valuable collection of rocks and minerals in the museum.
Much attention is given to Meteorology. The students make daily observations of the clouds, wind, temperature, etc., and record the same.
AGRICULTURE .- The student is first brought to a practical knowledge of living plants, the functions of the parts of a plant, the factors and processes of growth, and the reproduction of plants.
Next a study of the environment of the plant is taken up; this includes: The soil, its origin, structure, composition, and prop- erties; field work to study the soils in situ; laboratory work in the analysis of soils; tilling and draining of soils. The subjects of air, heat, light, moisture (which includes the whole subject of weather) are taken up.
Practical study is made of the enemies and diseases of plants and of their prevention and remedies.
BIOLOGY .- The student begins with unicellular organisms and traces the development on up through the more complex forms of plant and animal life through that of mammals. Much field work is done to afford opportunity for the study of plants and animals in their natural environment; of the struggle for exist- ence; distribution of organisms; color and its,significance in plants and animals; covering of animals and plants; means of defense and various kindred topics.
The student is required to keep a note-book containing a rec- ord of his observations, as well as sketches and drawings where- ever possible. Constant attention is given to the methods of presenting the subject to the various grades in the public schools.
We are well equipped for and do work by the laboratory method. We have twenty-eight good microscopes, and tables fitted up in such a manner as to enable us to do up-to-date work.
SCIENCE LIBRARY .- We have within the last year added many valuable recent works in Biological science, and students are required to consult them, and to report their results.
ENGLISH.
MR. SETTLE AND MISS HALL.
SUB-NORMAL SEMESTER .- Before entering the Freshman year
2
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KIRKSVILLE STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
in English the student must have a practical knowledge of Eng- lish Grammar and Composition. To this end students not already well grounded in English Grammar will pursue this subject dur- ing the Sub-Normal period of five months. They will also have much drill and practice in composition. A knowledge of Myth- ology being necessary to a proper understanding and appreciation of American and English Literature, part of the Sub-Normal Semester is devoted to the study of Guerber's "Myths of Greece and Rome." When this subject was introduced last year there was considerable opposition to it; but no classes in Literature during the second semester of the year were more popular than those in Myths of Greece and Rome. The book is charmingly written and the stories are such as all lovers of Literature are bound to be interested in and all good students readily learn. The relation of Mythology to our own Literature will be shown by weaving in occasional examples from American and English Literature and showing how the interpretation of these depends upon our knowledge of Mythology.
FRESHMAN YEAR.
RHETORIC (without a text book) .- Classification of sentences as to form, uses, lengthi, etc .; whether correct or incorrect, loose or periodic, etc .; paragraphs, figures of speech.
EXPRESSION .- Concord, clearness, unity, energy, larmony; some study of literary style.
English and American Classics suited to the above; much composition work; during this year students should become famil- iar with such literature as the following:
Evangeline; Hiawatha; Courtship p of Miles Standish; A Hunting of the Deer and Other Papers; Sketch Book; Sesame and Lilies; Vision of Sir Launfal; Snowbound; Ivanhoe; Won- der Book. " They should make a critical study of at least one Shakespearean Play; but it is to be understood that neither the teacher nor the class will be handicapped by pre- scribed rules since some classes need more elementary work than others. The principal 'purpose of the year's work in Literature is to become as familiar as possible with the more simple and popular American and English Classics and at the same time to acquire a reasonably clear and easy style of expression.
SOPHOMORE YEAR.
RHETORIC (without a text book) .- Much attention to be given
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KIRKSVILLE STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
to forms of composition, letters, description, narration, etc .; dis- tinguishing characteristics of prose and poetry. During the first semester sufficient attention to forms of Composition is to be given to enable students to write correctly from habit and to detect readily inaccuracies in the composition of others and to pass somewhat readily upon the character and style of the com- position of others. During this semester the work in Literature is to be continued and at least a few such master pieces studied as: Webster's "Reply to Hayne;" Scott's "Lady of the Lake;" The Sir Roger de Coverley Papers; Tennyson's "Enoch Arden" and one or two of the Shakespearean Plays. The second semes- ter of the year is to be devoted to the critical study of Rhetoric with the text book in the hands of the student: Herrick and Damon's Rheoric.
JUNIOR AND SENIOR YEARS.
So little has been done thus far in the matter of systema- tizing the English Course that it is deemed inadvisable to at- tempt to specify the several master pieces for each of these years separately. . In so far as such systematizing of the subject can be effected it will be the purpose of the Department to establish ap- proximately the order of procedure and to make the same public at as early a date as possible. It is thought, however, that the work of the Junior year should include a history of American Lit- erature to the present time and entire familiarity with the princi- pal authors and the philosophic grouping of all American Litera- ture. The Senior year will be devoted to the critical and philo- sophical reading of masterpieces of English Literature for the purpose of giving the student critical acumen, a love for good lit- erature and a quickening of his own mental powers to compose. This course furnishes the student with:
1. A historical description of the condition and tendency of each of the great literary periods.
2. A fair, critical and biographical review of representative authors.
3. A complete specimen of each of these great writers' most finished and famous compositions.
This is intended to include a study of English Literature by epochs. Types of the literature of each epoch are to be studied critically. The literary studies are to include a careful study of the drama, the reading of which should be presented in the study of the origin, nature and classification of the drama; the study
20
KIRKSVILLE STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
of romantic poetry, including some investigation of its sources and the study of fiction as representing an important type of modern literature ..
NOTE .- A reasonable amount of composition, memorizing and criginal productions will be required regularly in all classes, to the end 'at the Normal School graduate may ultimately write and speak easily, fluently and clearly, and be able to illuminate his writing and speaking from a ready command of well digested literary master pieces. Thereby he may hope to be a worthy leader of the school children whose teacher he is to be.
MATHEMATICS.
MR. HARVEY AND MISS PREWITT.
A brief and comprehensive course in Arithmetic is to be given those students of the Sub-Normal semester who are not yet pre- pared for Algebra. This will consist of a critical study of writ- ten Arithmetic about three days in the week and a sharp drill in Mental Arithmetic about two days in the week. Heretofore many students on entering the Normal School have asked per- mission to pursue two mathematical studies at the same time. It is not deemed wise to permit this. We therefore expect stu- dents of Arithmetic first to finish that subject and then take up the Algebra. It should be noticed that Arithmetic is one of the elementary school subjects which is to receive some special at- tention in the department of Pedagogy during the second semes- ter of the Freshman year. Those people who have got so far along as the Freshman year without an accurate knowledge of Arithmetic and how to deal with it will have a good stirring up toward the end of the Freshman year. One year will be devoted to the mastery of Milne's High School Algebra, the book used in the public schools of the State. Some experiments during the past year have demonstrated the fact that this can easily be done by Normal School students. This does not mean that any teacher will be confined exclusively to this text book; but it does mean that the adopted text book will be mastered and that with this mastery a pretty thorough knowledge of Algebra will be acquired. Students who have other text books should bring them along so that light may be thrown upon the subject not only from the standpoint of the teacher but from all author- ities accessible.
21
KIRKSVILLE STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
In Geometry constructional and inventional work will be in- troduced. The text will be Phillips and Fisher's Plane and Solid Geometry but much use will be made of other recent text books such as Wentworth's, Wells', Bowser's and others.
The Board of Regents at their recent session, recognizing the importance of Mathematics and aware of the fact that our Mathematical course should be more extensive, voted an addi- tional year of Mathematics but left it to the student's choice whether the same should be pursued this year or not. This ad- ditional year's work will embrace Spherical Trigonometry and Analytical Geometry.
Classes for the present will continue to use Crockett's Plane Trigonometry. Text books for the more advanced classes will be determined when such classes are organized.
READING, VOICE CULTURE AND PHYSICAL CULTURE.
MISS OWEN.
This department is for strictly practical purposes. Its first and most important product is a class of students able to read intelligently and without hesitation the ordinary descriptive and narrative literature of daily life. This means oral reading. It is . not to any great extent for dramatic display. It is to break up bad habits such as nasal tones, stammering, unnecessary loudness and conscious ,imitation of other people's voices and manner. It is to acquaint the student fully with all the elementary sounds of the language, to give him a discriminating ear and by abundant practice to secure for him, so far as possibe, the mastery of pro- nunciation, articulation and enunciation. It makes the dictionary his close companion. It is ultimately to free him from constraint and from annoying self-consciousness while reading to others just what he sees in the subject matter to be read.
Our students come from a variety of schools, most of them ill-trained in the principles of pronunciation. Their proper train- ing demands scrutinizing care and the utmost alertness on the part of the teacher, and almost endless practice on the part of themselves in order to acquire reasonable skill in expression. Respiration, attitudes and all such essentials to easy and natural delivery are carefully looked after. Vigorous exercises in march- ing, wand drill's and other light gymnastics occur about twice a week.
.
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KIRKSVILLE STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
Outside the regular and systematic exercises in this depart- ment, a room was furnished during the past year for basket ball, hand ball and other games. This is the beginning of our gymnasium. The young men and women have organized sep- arately into several basket ball teams. It is practically certain that the health of many students has been preserved by these free, exciting and altogether harmless games. Young ladies especially are encouraged to play on the basket ball teams at least once or twice a week. It is our purpose to increase the facilities for all these games and exercises.
MANUAL TRAINING AND DOMESTIC ART.
MISS BRYAN.
The object of Manual Training in the public schools is the de- velopment of the mind through the education of the hand and eye. It is to familiarize the pupil with tools, materials and processes and to cultivate habits of thoughtfulness and accuracy. It is not to make mechanics or to teach trades, though the bases for many trades are involved. It has as great educational value as any purely mental training ordinarily has. The aim is not nec- essarily a highly finished piece of work, not necessarily great mechanical dexterity but rather a mastery of underlying prin- ciples and logical processes and an intelligent working out of things undertaken. Just so soon as the student is able to turn out a given product in approximately perfect condition just that soon the intelligent teacher of Manual Training directs the stu- dent to the construction of something else so as to keep the cre- ative ingenuity of the mind all the time active.
The shop work consists of a series of carefully graded exer- cises, so planned as to embody many constructive principles, each exercise bringing into play new tools or new uses of the same tools. Tool instruction:
Names and uses of tools, their evolution and improvement through the ages. Care of tools including sharpening.
1."Squaring and planing to dimension.
2. First saw cuts, straight, 60°, 45°, 30°.
3. Use of gauge, repeated saw cuts.
4. Chiseling.
5. Half lap joint.
6 .. Open mortise and tenon.
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KIRKSVILLE STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
7. Straight chiseling and fitting key.
8. Plain mortise and tenon.
9. Plain dovetail.
10. The ship splice.
11. Frame work joint.
12. Simple slip joint.
13. Triple dovetail.
14. The triangle.
15. Half dovetail mortise and tenon.
16. . Hidden dovetail.
17. Chamfering exercise.
18. Angular fitting.
19. Secret dovetail.
20. Oblique dovetail.'
21. Original project.
It is intended that the work in Domestic Art shall contribute. to the ability of the pupil to do with skill many of the things that women in all walks of life are frequently called upon to do. The work is correlated with composition and science in that a history of materials used is a part of the course and pupils are. expected to be able to explain and describe operations taught.
EQUIPMENT.
Needles, thread, yarn, darning cotton, hooks and eyes, emery bags, tape measures, cotton, linen and woolen fabrics.
COURSE.
1. Overhanding on paper, calico, gingham and muslin.
2. Teaching true bias, including matching of figures.
3. Hemming-paper, coarse muslin, cretonne and the "French" hem.
4. Stitching-running, half back, complete back, overcasting edge, hem basting, slip stitch.
5. Weaving and darning.
6. Felling and overcasting-common and "French."
7. The gusset-gathering.
8. Three ways of sewing on tape-use of each.
9. Button holes and blind stitch.
10. Eyelets.
11. Flannel-sewing and pressing.
12. Patching-plaid patch, matching of plaids, figured patch overhanded. .
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KIRKSVILLE STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
13. Hemstitching-whipping and sewing on of ruffles.
14. Three ways of darning on cashmere.
15. Pressing.
16. Exercises in embroidery and working out original designs.
17. Drafting-fitting and making garments.
In addition to instruction in bench work and Domestic Art for Normal students, Miss Bryan will organize and supervise sloyd and other elementary Manual Training in the Training School.
VOCAL MUSIC. MISS TINKHAM.
All prospective teachers are expected to know at least the rudiments of vocal music. The entire time of a skillful teacher is to be devoted to this subject.
ART INSTRUCTION.
A competent teacher will be employed and daily classes maintained in drawing. This department will co-operate with and supplement the work in manual training.
₩-757!
"MISSOURI MODEL" FOR RURAL SCHOOL HOUSES.
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KIRKSVILLE STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
TABULAR VIEW OF COURSES OF INSTRUCTION.
SUB-NORMAL COURSE.
By action of the Board of Regents, June 18th, 1900, the first semester of the Sub-Normal Course is discontinued. This means that students entering this School and needing instruction below - the Freshman year, i. e., in Reading, Geography, Arithmetic, U. S. History, Grammar, Physiology, etc, must be able to finish all that work and get started in the elements of Algebra and Litera- ture during a period of five months.
This action of the Regents is fully justified by the experience of the past year, since there were comparatively few students who did not clear up all that was left for them to do in the com- mon school branches during the first' five months of their attend- ance.
NORMAL SCHOOL COURSES
FRESHMAN YEAR
FIRST SEMESTER .;
LATIN' COURSE.
1. Eng. and Am. Classics. (5)
2. Latin (first Latin book). (5)
3. Algebra (5)
4. Reading and Physical Cul-
ture (5)
5. School Economy (2)
Drawing (2)
ENGLISH COURSE.
1. Eng. and Am, Classics (5)
2. Ph, Geography. (5)
3. Algebra (5)
4. Reading and Physical Cul- ture (5)
Drawing (2)
5. School Economy (2)
SECOND SEMESTER
LATIN COURSE.
1. Eng. and Am. Classics. (5)
2. Latin (first Latin book) (5)
3 .. Plane Geometry or Algebra .. (5)
4. Drawing or Music. (3)
5. Specific Lessons in the so
ENGLISH COURSE.
1. Eng. and Am. Classics (5)
2. Agriculture (5)
3. Plane Geometry or Algebra. (5)
4. Drawing or Music .(3)
5. Specific , Lessons in the so
called 'common branches". (2) called "common branches". (2)
SOPHOMORE YEAR FIRST SEMESTER.
LATIN COURSE.
ENGLISH COURSE.
1. English (5)
2. Latin (Caesar) (5)
3 .: Biology (5)
4. Pedogogy (3) or Practice. . (5)
1. English (5)
2. Ancient History (5)
3. Biology . (5)
4. Pedagogy (3) or Practice. (5)
5. Music or Manual Training .. (3) - 5. Music or Manual Training .. (3)
-
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KIRKSVILLE STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
SECOND SEMESTER.
LATIN COURSE.
1. Rhetoric (5)
2. Latin (Caesar and Cicero (5)
3. Biology (5)
4. Practice (5) or Pedagogy . (3)
5. Manual Training.
(2)
ENGLISH COURSE.
1. Rhetoric
(5)
2. Mediaeval and Modern His- tory (5)
3. Biology (5)
4. Practice (5) or Pedagogy (3)
5. Manual Training (2)
JUNIOR YEAR
FIRST SEMESTER.
LATIN COURSE.
1. English History. (5)
2. Latin (Cicero and Vergil) ... (5)
3. Chemistry (5)
4. Solid Geometry (4)
5. Psychology
(3)
ENGLISH COURSE.
1. English History (5)
2. English (5)
3, Chemistry (5)
4. Solid Geometry
(4)
5. Psychology
(3)
SECOND SEMESTER.
LATIN COURSE.
1. American History (4)
2. Latin (Vergil)
(5)
3. Chemistry (5)
4. Plane Trigonometry
(4)
ENGLISH COURSE.
1.
American History
(4)
2. English (5)
3. CLemistry
(5)
4.
Plane Trigonometry.
(4)
5. Graded Schools of Missouri .. (2)
5.
Graded Schools of Missouri .. (2)
SENIOR YEAR
FIRST SEMESTER.
LATIN COURSE
1. "English Literature (5)
2. Latin (Sallust)
(5)
3. Physics
(5)
4. College Algebra
(1)
Б. Practice (5) or Manual Train-
ing (2)
ENGLISH COURSE.
1. English Literature
...
(5)
2. Pol. Economy (5); or Ger- man (5); or Manual Train- ing (2)
3. Physics
(5)
4. College Algebra
(4)
5.
Practice
(5)
SECOND SEMESTER.
LATIN COURSE. ENGLISH COURSE.
1. English Literature .(5)
2. Latin (Horace) .
(5)
3. Physics (5)
4. History of Education
(3)
5. Practice (5)
1. English Literature
(5)
2. German (5) or Manual Train-
ing
(2)
3. Physics
(5)
4. History of Education.
(3)
5. Practice
(5)
in
NOTE-Spherical Trigonometry and Analytical Geometry , optional Senior year.
NOTE-The figures in parentheses indicate the number of recitations per week.
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KIRKSVILLE STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
REMARKS ON COURSE OF STUDY.
1. Students are recommended to take the Latin Course for the reason that professional teachers are called upon for larger resources in language than the English course affords. But they should, nevertheless, consider carefully the whole matter from their respective view points, select one course or the other and pursue it to the exclusion of other things which in any way in- terfere with its completion.
2. Set up the land marks as you go. It will be found emi- nently desirable to bring all subjects abreast. The student on entering should attempt as soon as possible to finish the work of some one year in the Latin Course or the English Course. This is desirable for two reasons: First, that one may be in the regular line of promotion so as to articulate easily with the re- spective classes as advancement is made from year to year; second, one of the most highly gratifying and stimulating agencies of the past year was the class organization. No student or teacher of the past year will ever forget the power and influence of the Sophomore Class, a group of strong men and women, about 100 in number, who met from week to week, had their own or- ganization and their own program, and contributed so much to the assistance of one another and to the strengthening of the student spirit of the entire school.
3. Number of subjects: It will be noticed that the schedule of studies contemplates from three to four subjects each semester requiring preparation and from one to two subjects that may be designated as drills. In no event should a student attempt to have more than five recitation periods daily. Out of these five there should be not to exceed four recitations in subjects requiring preparation. Three subjects requiring preparation give still more satisfactory results. .
4. German and Greek: It is intended to give courses in Ger- man and Greek as soon as classes of sufficient size demand in- struction in these subjects and it is the further intention to en- courage the organization of classes in these subjects until there will be at least a four years' course in German and - two years' course in Greek. Demand is constantly made on the school for graduates who have the sound scholarship which these subjects . help to build up.
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KIRKSVILLE STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
WORKING PROGRAM, SHOWING ORGANIZATION OCT. 27, 1899.
Teacher and Room
KIRK 20
RICHARD- SON 6
HALL R. R.
NORTON 8
PREWITT 5
WESTLAKE 4
8:35 to 9:15
Freshman Latin 1st Latin Book 39
Senior English
Sophomore Rhet.
Mid. Sub. Physiol. 42
19
26
9:20 to 10:00
Freshman School Economy 36
Junior English
Sophomore Comp.
Senior Algebra
Sub. Classics
Sub. U. S. H.
E
17
33
27
27
10:00 10:30$
Thirty minutes for chapel exercises.
10:30 to 11:10
Freshman School Economy
Middle Sub. Grammar
Sophomore Comp.
Junior Solid Geometry
Middle Sub. Algebra 36
Middle Sub. Civ. Gov't (Hinsdale)
45
47
14
33
16
Sophomore Pedagogy
Middle Sub. Grammar
Sub. Classics
Freshman Algebra
Middle Freshman Algebra
Middle Sub. Civ. Gov't (Rader) 37
11:05 1:05
~ One hour and ten minutes for how dinner.
1:05 to 1:45
Junior Psychoľgy
Middle Sub. Grammar
Freshman Çassics
Freshman Algebra
Middle Sub. Algebra
Sub. Arithmetic
28
36
19
38
38
24
1:50 to 2:30
Freshman Latin 1st Latin Book 25
Freshman Classics
Sophomore Ancient History
Freshman Plane Geometry
Middle Sub. Algebra
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