USA > Missouri > Scotland County > History of Lewis, Clark, Knox, and Scotland counties, Missouri. From the earliest time to the present, together with sundry personal, business and professional sketches and mumerous family records > Part 22
USA > Missouri > Lewis County > History of Lewis, Clark, Knox, and Scotland counties, Missouri. From the earliest time to the present, together with sundry personal, business and professional sketches and mumerous family records > Part 22
USA > Missouri > Clark County > History of Lewis, Clark, Knox, and Scotland counties, Missouri. From the earliest time to the present, together with sundry personal, business and professional sketches and mumerous family records > Part 22
USA > Missouri > Knox County > History of Lewis, Clark, Knox, and Scotland counties, Missouri. From the earliest time to the present, together with sundry personal, business and professional sketches and mumerous family records > Part 22
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This does not include all of the settlers of the county in 1832, but are all who are distinctly remembered by Mr. Biggs. There was at that date a cabin at the site of Alexandria, occupied by a man who kept a ferry across the Mississippi. In that year Will- iam Phelps, John Billings and Alexander Waggener-the latter being the grandfather of Ben. F. Waggener, the present clerk of
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the Clark Circuit Court-settled near Sweet Home in what is now Sweet Home Township. The first settlements of the county were made along the line of the State Road leading from Tully to St. Francisville, and thence up the Des Moines to the Iowa line; and in 1832 there were no actual settlers between this road and the Des Moines and Mississippi Rivers, except those who located near the line of said road; and there were none at any considera- ble distance west of the same road and the Des Moines. Hon. P. S. Stanley, who wrote the historical sketch in the Clark County atlas, says that " Uncle Jerry Wayland had always preserved friendly relations with the Indians, who hunted here in the Des Moines bottoms by permission of the settlers. Among them were Keokuk and his brother, Mack-a-ce-ne-ne, who warned him that it was not safe for settlers to remain; that an outbreak was liable to occur at any moment. Mack-a-ce-ne-ne was often fed and lodged at 'Uncle Jerry's,' and a strong friendship existed between them. The Indian, consenting to join Black Hawk, called upon his white friend, and said he felt convinced they would never meet again. Even the stoicism of his race gave way, and he said ' good-bye' with the profoundest emotion. He was killed at the battle of Bad Axe. After the warning many of the settlers sent their families to Tully, taking care of their crops with their guns beside them, and camping, nights, in Sam Bart- lett's cabin, which was converted into a block-house."
THE BLACK HAWK WAR.
The county of Clark being so near the field of the Black Hawk war, and the incidents thereof being so intimately con- nected with the early settlers of the same, it is proper to give a brief sketch of said war in this place. During the war of 1812, several tribes of Indians on the northwestern frontier, made com- mon cause with the British, and, after the peace of 1815, they maintained friendly relations with the British in Canada, and continued to retain ill feelings toward the United States Army. These tribes were the Sacs, Foxes and Winnebagoes, who ignored the treaties of 1815, 1822 and 1825, which had been assumed by a majority of the tribes. The Sacs and Foxes set up a claim to the Rock River country in northern Illinois and southern Wis-
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consin, which had no foundation in law, justice or fact. Settlers moved into this country after the treaty of 1822, but were con- stantly annoyed by the Indians, and in 1831 they became so aggressive that a considerable force of Illinois militia was called out to put a stop to their depredations. Whereupon, the Sacs and Foxes took alarm, and retired to their country west of the Mississippi. Soon thereafter, a party of the Sacs, led by Black Hawk, recrossed the Mississippi and returned to the Rock River country. While the Indians denied it, this was construed by the United States authorities to mean a hostile invasion, which it proved to be by subsequent acts of these Indians. Various cir- cumstances lead to the belief that a general uprising of the Indians from the lakes to Mexico was imminent.
In this part of Missouri the people knew that the Sacs and Foxes were formidable enemies when on the war path, and con- sequently some of the early settlers of Clark and other counties retired, fearing annihilation. At this juncture Gov. John Miller began to prepare to meet the anticipated attacks of the savages, and in May, 1832, he issued orders to the generals commanding the Missouri Militia to warn the members of their commands to hold themselves in readiness for service. On the 25th day of said month he ordered Gen. Richard Gentry, of Columbia, to raise 1,000 volunteers for the defense of the frontiers of the State, to be in readiness to start at a moment's warning. Afterward a mounted battalion of the Seventh Division (Gen. Ben. Means) was raised from Pike and Ralls Counties, consisting of two com- panies, one from each county. The company from Pike County was commanded by Capt. Mace, and Richard Matson* com- manded the company from Ralls. These companies rendezvoused at Palmyra. The Pike County company marched to the extreme northeastern part of the State, and built a fort at the site of St. Francisville, on the Des Moines. This fort, in honor of their county, was named " Fort Pike." Capt. Matson's company also set out for the northern part of the State, and after several days scouting and marching reached a point eight miles from Chariton River, in what is now Schuyler County, and began the erection of a fort, which, in honor of the captain of the company, the Ralls
*Murdered in Texas in 1839.
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County men named Fort Matson. This fort commanded what was then known as the Chariton River Trail, which led from Iowa down to the settlements near Kirksville. Three years before -that is to say in 1829-a party of Iowa Indians had made a raid on these settlements and killed a number of men and two women. It was believed that should these Indians come into the State, one line of invasion would be over the Chariton Trail, and in that event Fort Matson was designed as the first formid- able obstacle they would encounter.
The two companies were kept busy for some weeks scouting, picketing, and fort building, but not fighting, for they saw no hostile Indians. The men of these companies then asked to be allowed to return home to care for their crops, whereupon two other com- panies, commanded respectively by Capts. David M. Hickman, of Boone, and John Jamison, of Callaway, were sent to relieve them. These companies on July 9, 1832, took up the line of march from Columbia, the whole being under the command of Maj. Thomas Conyers, of the First Regiment, accompanied by Gen. Gentry, in person, and arrived at Fort Pike July 15. Here Gen. Gentry, finding " that no hostiles had crossed or were likely to cross into Missouri," ordered the work to be discontinued on Fort Matson, and left for Columbia, where he arrived on the 19th of the same month. Maj. Conyer's detachment was left at Fort Pike with (according to Gen. Gentry's report to the Governor) something like forty barrels of flour, two hogsheads of bacon, four barrels of whisky and 100 bushels of corn. On Thursday, August 2, 1832, the company of volunteers, under command of Capt. Sinclair Kirt- ley, left Columbia for Fort Pike, to relieve the company under Capt. Hickman, whose term of service would expire in a few days. Being thus relieved, Capt. Hickman's company reached Columbia on Tuesday, August 14. Col. Austin A. King (who afterward . served as governor of the State from 1848 to 1852) commanded the First Regiment, marched with the detachment to Fort Pike, and conducted those who were relieved to their homes. Maj. Conyers was retained in command of the fort.
In the meantime, however, on August 2, the Indians had been defeated at the battle of Bad Axe, and a few days afterward Black Hawk had been taken prisoner, and the Sacs and Foxes,
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HISTORY OF CLARK COUNTY.
broken and dispirited, were suing for peace. The Indian war having terminated, all the troops stationed on the frontier were withdrawn by order of the governor, and accordingly returned to their homes. Capt. Kirtley's Boone County Company, stationed at Fort Pike, was the last in the field, and it was disbanded at Columbia September 22. Hon. George K. Biggs was a soldier in the ranks at Fort Pike.
BANQUETING THE INDIANS.
" After Black Hawk's defeat, and during his journey to and imprisonment at Washington, his squaw and son were constant visitors at 'Uncle Jerry's' cabin, aiding him in his daily work, digging potatoes, gathering corn, etc. The Indian woman, not- withstanding ' Uncle Jerry 's' assurances that Black Hawk would return in safety, was full of anxiety for her absent brave; and when he presented himself, arrayed in a full suit of citizen's clothing, her delight and amazement knew no bounds. Keo-
kuk's band of Indians were generally very friendly with the settlers. Their dogs, however, were a great nuisance, as they frequently killed the hogs of the settlers, and sometimes the braves were guilty of petty thefts. On one such occasion Col. Rutherford administered to a distinguished warrior a good, wholesome flogging with a stout hickory stick. Keokuk and the whole band resented it, and set out to demand satisfac- tion. They were met by 'Uncle Jerry,' who persuaded them to wait a day or two, and he would go with them, to which they consented.
" It was then arranged by 'Uncle Jerry ' and Rutherford that Keokuk and half a dozen of his braves should be invited to a ' talk,' and a good dinner and other preparations were made accordingly. Imagine their surprise when Keokuk and forty of his band arrived to dine. The whites, apparently, however, were not disconcerted, but welcomed them all. The colonel was too old a soldier to be caught napping, and he had his 'braves' with their ever-ready rifles lying around in close proximity. Such a dinner as was prepared was never before seen in that settlement. Venison, turkey, chicken or hog meat, in great abundance; and the colonel led in a complimentary speech (through Battise,
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.
the interpreter, ) in which he explained that the whites depended on their hogs for food, not being able to hunt like the 'brave men of the forest.' Keokuk then harangued his band for an hour, when all was reconciled and the pipe was smoked. After that the dogs hunted with their mouths muzzled with linn tree bark.
" After Black Hawk's return a dinner was gotten up at Sam Bartlett's-Knobby affair. Keokuk,* Black Hawkt and a few braves only were present. To make a table, the door was taken down and a wagon-bed bottom side up was used. Keokuk was then acknowledged chief, taking his seat at the head, while Black Hawk humbly seated himself at the foot, in full citizen's dress, stove-pipe hat and top boots."}
Two of the ladies who were present and snperintended this dinner were Mrs. George K. Biggs and Mrs. H. A. Conway, both of whom are still living. Mrs. Biggs was then the wife of Samuel Bartlett, and to her the writer is indebted for important facts pertaining to the settlement of the county and peculiarities of the Indians. The latter were very fond of soups, and required nearly all of their food cooked in that way. They would consume a great quantity of meat and but very little bread when eating with their white neighbors. They made bowls out of wood, and used them for soup dishes. They also made wooden ladles, which they used for spoons. The white women learned how to cook to please the Indians, that was to reduce the food as much as possible into soup. The Indians were averse to sitting at a table, to eat with the whites, but would bring their bowl and ladle along, and when the soup was dished in their bowl, they would set it on the floor and then sit down around it, sometimes four or five of them, and all who ate from the same bowl would use the
*Keokuk, though generally friendly to the whites, was said to be a reckless and dissipated tellow, with many wives. On certain occasions he would have four of them accompany him, one of whom should walk in front, one on each side, and the other in the rear. It is said by early set- tlers that his wives were very jealous of each other.
+Black Hawk (Ma-ka-tai-me-she kia-kia, often spelled differently) was not born a chief or a son of a chief, nor did he become one for many vears He was a skillful fighter and a distinguished brave. He frequently Jed war parties against the foes of his tribe, the Sacs, and on one occasion came down from Iowa and attacked a camp of Osage Indians, near the mouth of the Chariton, and killed about 100 of them. Soon after the battle of Bad Axe he was captured by three friendly Indians and delivered to the United States officers at Prairie-du-Chien. He was then carried in triumph through a great part of the United States, and afterward permitted to return to his people. His carriage through the States was to convince him of their power and magnitude. and of his utter folly in making war upon the Government. He dicd of pneumonia at the village of his tribe on the Des Moines River, in the northeast corner of Davis County, Iowa, October 3, 1838, aged about seventy years.
Į P. S. Stanley.
16
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HISTORY OF CLARK COUNTY.
same wooden ladle, and when a dog happened to constitute one member of the circle, he too got his mouthful of soup, in turn, from the same wooden spoon. The Indians began to retire soon after the settlement began, but returned annually for a number of years for the purpose of hunting. The last hunt they made was in the year 1835, in the fall of which they encamped on Fox River for that purpose.
An old pioneer relates the following incident: On his way down to Des Moines he stopped at an Indian camp, near Buena Vista Ferry, where one of the squaws was engaged in cooking. There were a few coals under an iron kettle suspended from sticks driven in the ground. He soon noticed a vibrating motion of the kettle, and soon out jumped a soft-shelled turtle of good size, and made tracks for the river. The old squaw, not to lose her dinner, gave chase and caught the "varmint " by the tail and thrust it back in the vessel, and secured it by placing a stone on the lid, and went on with her cooking. He left without his dinner.
SETTLEMENT CONTINUED.
In 1833 Philip Clayton settled on the Moses Weaver place , and Dabney Phillips in the bluffs, two miles from the river, and Joshua Wooden near Gregory's Landing. Frank Church and B. Rebo settled on Fox River, above Waterloo, and Julius Wayland and family located near what is now Wayland Station. In 1834 Smith Tinsley settled near the present site of Luray, and opened a store. His was then the most western cabin in the county. The same year Joseph J. Benning, who now lives at Athens, settled about two miles south of that place, and found Capt. Phelps, an Indian trader, and Daniel McMullen, the mer- chant, at Sweet Home. Next up the river was Robert Wain- scott, then Wm. Clark, Wm. Bedell, Isaac Gray (at the present site of Athens), and next above Loyd Rollins. The following year James Thompson bought land of Benning, and located thereon. Benning and Thompson made the first improvements back from the river. George Gray and Aaron W. Harlan were also among the first settlers in that vicinity. The same year James Ripper and Jeremiah Butts settled north of Waterloo on the edge of the prairie, and Hon. P. S. Stanley, formerly of Bos-
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ton, settled near the mouth of the Des Moines. The territory of the county at that time belonged to Lewis County, and all that part of it lying in Townships 66 and 67 north, was designated Jefferson Township, and all lying south thereof, excepting that part lying in Township 63 north, was designated Des Moines Township. Elections were held in each of these townships in August, 1834, to elect a representative to the Legislature, and other officers. This was the first opportunity that the early set- tlers had of exercising their elective franchise. The names of voters at these elections, as shown by the poll books now on file in Lewis County, were as follows: In Jefferson Township-Wm. Bedell, James Boon, Thornton, Christopher, Robert and Daniel Wainscott. Lewis Wayland, Wm. Bedell, and Christopher and Robert Wainscott were the judges, and Jeff. Jordan and Wm. Phelps, the clerks of said election.
In Des Moines Township, J. Billings, W. Bartlett, S. Bart- lett, J. W. Crawford, S. W. Cox, P. H. Clayton, O. Colley, W. Clark, H. Floyd, Umbleton S. Gregory, P. Gillis, J. Gray, Geo. Heywood, P. Hay, A. Hay, C. L. Holcombe, S. Heavington, K. Holcombe, A. Hobson, W. D. Henshaw, J. Cundiff, J. W. Le- wellen, R. Lewellen, R. Littleton, J. Montgomery, C. McBrayer, J. D. Owen, J. Prestly, J. Riley, J. Smith, J. E. Trabue, J. Webb, G. Woodson, N. Whitaker, T. White, W. Wellman, J. Weaver, J. Wayland, T. C. Rutherford, A. Wormington and A. Rice. Jeremiah Wayland, Samuel Bartlett and Henry Floyd were the judges, and J. W. Crawford and William H. Heywood,
clerks of the election. As a matter of course, all of these elect- ors were early settlers. In the fall of 1835 Joseph G. Wilson, Robert Wilson, John Price and Thomas Hanan emigrated together from near Russellville, in Kentucky, with their families and negro slaves, and settled near the present site of Luray. They came in four-horse wagons, and brought their household goods with them. They also drove a number of cattle with them. The Wilsons located near the Wilson bridge across the Wya- conda, on the Kahoka and Fairmont Road. John Price located in the forks of the North and South Wyacondas a short distance above their junction, and Thomas Hanan on the northwest quar- ter of Section 15, Town 65, Range 9. " During 1836 settlements
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HISTORY OF CLARK COUNTY.
were started near Fairmont by William Forshay, on the Gwynne farm; Daniel Weber, Micajah Weber and their father, Henry Weber, settled northeast of Fairmont, one and one-half to two miles, and Ezra Carefoot's father built a cabin two miles east of Fairmont, soon after the Webers settled there. Carefoot and some of his slaves occupied it awhile, but he never brought his family from Virginia, though Ezra and George came after- ward. Judge McDaniel, Charles McDaniel, Josiah McDaniel, James Howard, his father and brothers, Isaac Stephenson, Sim- eon Conway, Stephen T. Thorp, Rev. John Martin and others settled in the vicinity of Chambersburg, about 1836 and 1837. William F. Northcraft settled about four miles northwest of Luray, in the fall of 1836, at the edge of the prairie, on the southwest side of the North Wayaconda. In the fall of 1836 Ruel Murphy and his brother-in-law, James McClure, emigrated with their families from Kentucky, and · located about two and one-half miles northeast of Luray."*
Judge Murdock Cooper, who is still living, was among the settlers of 1836, and Justice Ensign settled that year on the farm where his son, Oscar F. Ensign, now resides. John Smith, George Combs, Robert Q. Stark and William Daggs, all settled about the same time in the vicinity of Luray. William G. Wat- son, present county court clerk of Lewis County, settled at Waterloo in 1836; John Lapsley, Dr. W. O. Peake, John Dead- man and Whiting Johnson were also among the early settlers in that part of the county. Jeremiah Lewis settled about the year 1834 on the farm where his son-in-law, the Hon. Isaac N. Lewis, lived and died. Dr. Johnston, father of Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston, of Confederate fame, settled on the LaPorte farm, near Alexandria, among the early settlers, but remained only a few years.
In 1836 two postoffices existed in the territory of Clark County: one at St. Francisville, and the other at Sweet Home. George Heywood was postmaster at the former place, and M. Couchman at the latter. These were the first postoffices and postmasters within the limits of the county.
* Extracts from historical sketch of Bradford P. Hanan, son of Thomas Hanan.
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STATE OF MISSOURI.
FIRST LAND ENTRIES.
To give a more extended list of the first settlers, the writer has compiled from the records a list of the names of those who entered lands in the several townships prior to the year 1840; taking care to give only the names of those who became actual settlers, and omitting the names of those already mentioned. The list is as follows: .
Vernon Township-Rosina M. C. Johnson, Levin B. Mitchell, William Wright and Evan Bailey.
Clay Township-Robert P. Mitchell, who settled and improved the place where Joseph McCoy, Jr., now lives; Philip H. Clayton, Alexander Hay, Alexander Waggener ( the latter, where Mrs. Musgrove now lives), William Thompson, William Hogan, John Thompson, John B. Riney, James Thompson, Obediah Col- ley, George D. Barnes and Robert Wooden, the latter, near Greg- ory's Landing.
Des Moines Township-James Mc Williams, John Callaway, John Hill, Paschal E. Wayland, Linas Roberts and Rev. Andrew Broaddus.
Jackson Township-John W. Lewellen, John Clay, Thaddeus Williams, Edward Moseley, Joseph Scott, George Cowgill, Will- iam Jeffries, Oscar F. D. Hampton, William Walker, Moses John- son, Col. William Reed and James McDermott.
Madison Township-Charles O. Sanford, Parker Roberts, Christy Wilson, Smith Munday, Isaac McPherson, Thomas D. South and Samuel D. South.
Sweet Home Township-Abraham Wayland, William Phelps Jeremiah Butts, Jackson Ford, Richard D. Phillips and John A. Lapsley, where James Lapsley now resides; and Robert McKee, where Dr. McKee now lives.
Union Township-Granville Chewning, Elijah Ford, Jesse Ford, Benjamin and William Lillard, Granville W. Wilson, Robert Wilson, Willis Curd and Samuel Woods.
Lincoln Township-James H. and Rezin Jordan, Aaron J. Lewis, Thomas J. Lewis, David Scott, Michael E. and Thomas B. Spillman, James Yergan, George W. Powell, William Lam- breth and William H. Jordan,* John Scott, Robert E. Scott and
*Went off with the Mormons.
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HISTORY OF CLARK COUNTY.
Robert E. Lee entered the whole of Section 20. The latter was a cousin of Gen. Robert E. Lee, the great Confederate leader. " He was a high-toned gentleman, and much respected by the settlers, but exceedingly passionate. In an unguarded moment he struck a man in his employ, a blow, from which he soon died. He went back to Virginia, and was shot dead in the streets of Richmond by a young man whose father Lee had treatened to cowhide."*
Jefferson Township-Robert Dean, Jesse McDaniel, Joseph Worthington, Thomas Thrasher, Henry Bidwell and James R. Graham.
Grant Township-Lloyd Rollins, John M. King, William T Sibley, Gabriel McDaniel, John Whaley, Albert G. Sibley and Aaron W. Harlan.
Washington Township-Peter N. Forsee, James Stovall, Micajah, Henry and Daniel Weber, Elijah Ewing, William J. Newcomb and James T. Walton.
Wyaconda Township-Elisha Bailey, Benjamin Harris, Jacob Stephens, Elisha Musgrove, Abel Brown and George A. Arnold. Daniel Webster, the great statesman, entered over 4,000 acres of land in this township.
Folker Township-John Martin, George Lankford, Braxton W. Gillock, Wyatt Mayfield and John Thompson.
The foregoing list of land entries was obtained from the offi- cial lists of the auditor of State as certified to the county court for the purpose of taxing their lands; and as the lands were not certified until patents were issued, five years after they were entered, it follows that most of these entries were made prior to the year 1836. This list has been shown to old settlers, who assert that in most cases the persons named were actual settlers in the townships mentioned.
The first settlers of the county had to encounter many obsta- cles, and to endure many hardships, but they were brave and daring, and equal to all emergencies. They were deprived of highways and bridges, of convenient mill privileges, and of the many advantages and luxuries that their posterity now enjoy; yet, withal, they had some luxuries. They had choice venison,
* Extract from the writings of P. S. Stanley.
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wild turkeys and wild honey in great abundance, and with their " hoe cake " to sop in the meat gravy or swim in the honey, they had food fit for a king. "Uncle Joe " Benning says that his wife used to scold him for bringing in so many turkeys. Wild honey was so abundant that George Combs and his boys found over 170 bee trees the first season after settling in the county, and Judge John Langford cut a bee tree on Little Fox River that yielded about twenty-five gallons of honey. Hon George K. Biggs says that he found ten or twelve bee trees in one day near his present residence, and one of them, which was very large, yielded fifty gallons of honey. Of the large number of bee trees cut by George Combs and his boys, the first season after he settled, 165 of them were found on one hunting expedition to which they devoted several days, camping out at night. On stopping for the last night's encampment at a point on Fox River, about ten miles from home, they cut a dry tree for the pur- pose of getting wood for their camp fire, and during the night the wolves gathered in such large numbers, and became so fero- cious that they could only keep them off by casting fire- brands at them. On examination in the morning they found a hollow in the dry tree which was full of honey. It was supposed that the smell of the honey was what attracted the wolves." Before starting out on this "bee hunt," Mr. Combs purchased barrels at Warsaw, Ill., seven of which he filled with strained honey, and seven with honey in the comb. All these he hauled to Warsaw, and sold the honey for about 25 cents per gallon.
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