USA > Missouri > Buchanan County > St Joseph > The Daily news' history of Buchanan County and St. Joseph, Mo. From the time of the Platte purchase to the end of the year 1898. Preceded by a short history of Missouri. Supplemented by biographical sketches of noted citizens, living and dead > Part 6
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Lake Township-February 5, 1850, David P. Ringo; August 9, '50, Elizur B. Keep, Lorenzo J. Barnes; August 10, '52, Ephraim Folwell, Jasper Smith; August 9, '54, David P. Hart; August 9, '60, William Callahan ; May 26, '65, Irwin Fish ; November 14, '72, Will- iam H. Fuller; November 9, '74, Samuel Singleton ; November 14, '76, Josiah Howard; November 9, '86, Thomas Leasure.
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BUCHANAN COUNTY AND ST. JOSEPH
Agency Township - November 7, 1882, John B. Corbett, Thomas Kane; March 12, '83, James R. Weakly; May 9, '85, W. L. Reynolds ; March 6, '86, John G. Graham; November 9, '86, John G. Graham; November 10, '90, J. M. Harris; November 15, '92, John M. Deatheredge, D. D. Kountz, A. B. Coats; November 19; 94, J. M. Deatheredge, Robert V. Reese.
TERMS AND COMPENSATION-Circuit judges are elected for six years and receive $3,000 per annum salary. Of this amount $2,000 is paid by the state and $1,000 by the county.
The presiding judge of the county court is elected for four years. Judges of the First and Second Districts are elected every two years. The First District is composed of the Sixth, Seventh and Eighth Wards of the City of St. Joseph and all of the county ; the Second District is composed of the First, Second, Third, Fourth and Fifth Wards of the city. The judges are entitled to $5 per diem for every day of session.
The judge of the probate court is elected every four years and is entitled to fees.
Justices of the peace are elected for four years and are entitled to fees.
CHAPTER IV
COUNTY OFFICES AND THE INCUMBENTS THEREOF, FROM THE EARLIEST DAYS TO THE PRESENT TIME. - PROSECUTORS, CLERKS OF CIRCUIT COURT, SHERIFFS AND CONTESTS FOR THE OF- FICE, COUNTY CLERKS AND CONTESTS, CORONERS, RECORDERS OF DEEDS, TREASURERS, ASSESSORS, PHYSICIANS, SURVEYORS AND PUBLIC ADMINIS- TRATORS.
Prior to 1872 the public prosecutor was styled circuit attorney and was elected, as the judge, by the votes of the judicial circuit. When the Twelfth circuit was created by the legislature, in 1841, Governor Reynolds appointed Peter H. Burnett of Platte County as circuit attorney. In 1843 Mr. Burnett resigned and was succeeded by Willard P. Hall, Sr., of Buchanan, who in turn was succeeded by J. M. Jones of Andrew. The office was also held by James Craig of Buchanan, James N. Burnes of Platte, Joseph P. Grubb of Buchanan, Thomas Thoroughman of Buchanan and Isaac C. Parker of Bu- chanan. The last incumbent was B. K. Davis of Maryville.
Of those named, Mr. Burnett was afterwards governor of Cali- fornia, Willard P. Hall was governor of Missouri and Isaac C. Parker, James Craig and James N. Burnes went to Congress. Judge Parker ended his days as United States judge at Fort Smith, Ark.
In 1872, S. Alexander Young, brother of the late Waller Young, and of the then existing law firm of Woodson, Vineyard & Young, was elected the first prosecuting attorney of Buchanan County. He resigned before the expiration of his term and James P. Thomas, now probate judge, was appointed to serve out the unexpired period.
Judge Henry M. Ramey held the office for four years, 1874-78, and was succeeded by Willard P. Hall, Jr. Oliver M. Spencer prose- cuted during 1880-82, Thomas F. Ryan, 1882-84; James W. Boyd, 1884-86; Benjamin J. Woodson, 1886-88; William M. Sherwood, 1888-90; Lawrence A. Vories, 1890-92; Romulus E. Culver, 1892-94 ; Albert B. Duncan, 1894-96; William B. Norris, 1896-98; James W. Mytton has been elected to serve during 1899-1900.
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BUCHANAN COUNTY AND ST. JOSEPH
CIRCUIT CLERKS .- The first entry on the record of the cir- cuit court for Buchanan County recites the appointment, by Judge Austin A. King, of Edwin Toole as "clerk of the circuit court," with power and authority to discharge the duties of said office until the general election in the year 1840. This order was made on February 13, 1839, and Mr. Toole at once began the work of preparing for the first term of court, to be held in the following July. In 1840, Mr. Toole was succeeded by William Fowler, who held the position until 1852, being at the same time county clerk.
William Ridenbaugh was clerk of the circuit court from 1852 to 1862, when he was succeeded by William C. Toole, who served two years. Frank G. Hopkins served from 1864 to 1870 and was suc. ceeded by William Ridenbaugh, who held the place for three years, dying in office. C. C. Colt served out Mr. Ridenbaugh's term and was succeeded by J. H. R. Cundiff, who held the office from 1874 to 1878, and was in turn succeeded by Samuel D. Cowan, who held the office until 1894. John T. Chesnut, the present incumbent, was elected for a second term of four years in November, 1898.
Edwin Toole moved to Savannah, and afterwards located in Montana, where he prospered, rose to prominence and is still living at an advanced age. His son, Joseph Toole, was a delegate to Con- gress when Montana was a territory and has been governor since Montana was admitted as a state. William Fowler, William Riden- baugh and Colonel Cundiff are dead, the latter dying at St. Louis while editor of the Missouri Republican. Messrs. Hopkins and Cowan both reside in St. Joseph and Mr. Colt at Kansas City.
SHERIFFS .- When Governor Boggs appointed the first judges of the Buchanan county court he also appointed a sheriff, Samuel M. Gilmore. Mr. Gilmore held the office until 1843, when he was suc- ceeded by George W. Taylor, who served until 1846. The next four years saw William B. Reynolds in the office, who was succeeded in 1850 by Leander T. Ellis. Joseph B. Smith served from 1852 to 1856, when Solomon N. Sheridan took the office. Mr. Sheridan did not serve out his term, and was succeeded by James A. Matney. Michael D. Morgan served from 1858 to 1861, when he resigned to go to war. Samuel Ensworth was appointed to serve out the term. Enos Craig was elected and served 1862-64. In 1864-66, Ransom Ridge was sheriff. Irvin Fish served in 1866-68. Dr. R. P. Rich- ardson filled the office for the next two years and was succeeded by
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BUCHANAN COUNTY AND ST. JOSEPH
Col. Elijah Gates, who served in 1870-74. James L. Spencer, better known as "Fay" Spencer, succeeded Colonel Gates with four years, and Robert H. Thomas followed Mr. Spencer, serving four years also.
In 1884, John H. Carey took the office. In November of 1886 he was defeated for a second term by Joseph Andriano, the vote being 295 in favor of the latter. Mr. Carey refused to give up the office on the ground that Mr. Andriano was inelligible, and, on November 13, notified Mr. Andriano that he intended to contest the election, for the reason that he (Carey) had been creditably informed that Andriano was an alien and not a citizen of the United States. This was a sur- prise to Mr. Andriano, who had lived in St. Joseph thirty-six years. held city offices and served three years in the Union army. However, he engaged counsel and prepared for the contest. The case came up before Judge Oliver M. Spencer in the Buchanan County circuit court, who, on January 23, 1887, decided in favor of Mr. Carey. The first paragraph of Judge Spencer's decision reads as follows :
"The decision of this case depends alone upon the citizenship of the defendant. From the testimony of the defendant himself, who was the only witness examined, it appears that he was born at Heidel- berg, Germany, on the 15th day of October, 1841. When he reached the age of seven he, together with his parents, immigrated to the United States. In 1854, while the defendant was still a minor, his parents were naturalized. The defendant never at any time declared his intention to become a citizen of the United States; never re- nounced his allegiance to the government of Germany, or took the oath of allegiance to this country. He depends alone upon the nat- uralization of his parents to make him a citizen."
Judge Spencer decided at length, and with numerous citations, that Andriano was not a citizen of the United States under the evi- dence and the circumstances. The case was at once appealed to the supreme court and the decision reversed.
Sheriff Andriano took the office early in May of 1887 and held it until January, 1889, when he was succeeded by Eugene H. Spratt, who subsequently served four years. Charles W. Carson then served two years and was succeeded in January, 1893, by Joseph Andriano, who, in turn, was succeeded, January, 1895, by James Hull, the pres- ent incumbent. Mr. Hull has been re-elected.
Of the men whose names are given above, Gilmore, Taylor, Rey- nolds, Ellis, Smith, Sheridan, Matney, Morgan, Ensworth. Ridge, Fish and Richardson are dead. The others reside in St. Joseph and1 Buchanan County.
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BUCHANAN COUNTY AND ST. JOSEPH
COUNTY CLERKS .- William Fowler was appointed county clerk at the first meeting of the Buchanan county court, held at the house of Richard Hill, on the first Monday in April, 1839, and served under this appointment until the election in 1840, when he was elected and thereafter was re-elected repeatedly until 1852, being succeeded by Milton H. Wash, who served until 1858. From 1858 to 1864 the office was held by Isaac Van Riley. Willis M. Sherwood succeeded Mr. Riley, serving till 1870, when John B. Harder took the office. Mr. Harder served three years and some months and died while in office. His unexpired term was filled by John T. Ransom. I. Van Riley was again elected in November, 1874, and took charge January, 1875. In the following April he died and his son, Edward Van Riley, was appointed. E. Van Riley served out the remaining portion of his father's term and was then elected, holding the office until 1884. Phillip Rogers was the next clerk, serving in 1884-92. He was suc- ceeded by T. Ed Campbell, who died May 3, 1893. Waller Young was appointed by Governor Stone to, serve until the next election, November, 1894.
The opposing candidates at the election of 1894 were Enos Craig, Republican, and Robert M. Nash, Democrat. The returning board showed that Mr. Craig had a majority of one vote. Mr. Nash was satisfied, but the leaders of his party urged him to contest the elec- tion. He declined to do this until various defeated candidates of the Republican ticket had instituted proceedings for a recount of votes. As a result of this recount Nash had a majority of eighty votes over Craig. On January 7, 1895, Craig took charge of the office under his certificate from the governor, based upon the first count. On February 19, 1895, Judge A. M. Woodson of the circuit court decided that Nash was entitled to the office. Craig filed notice of appeal and gave an appeal bond. Nash applied for a writ of ouster, but Craig's attorneys set up the claim that the appeal bond constituted a super- sedeas to the writ of ouster and appealed to the supreme court for a writ of prohibition upon the writ of ouster. Judge McFarlane of the supreme court decided that the appeal bond was not a supersedeas to the writ of ouster and that the writ of ouster must prevail. There- upon Judge Woodson ordered the sheriff to place Nash in office. This was done, but Nash's troubles were not over yet, for the two Republican members of the county court, Judges Keene and Sleppy, refused to approve his bond or to recognize him as clerk. However, it was soon legally decided that the county court could not sit with- out a clerk and so the judges bowed to the inevitable. The case
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BUCHANAN COUNTY AND ST. JOSEPH
which Craig had appealed to the supreme court was afterwards de- cided against him.
In the recent election (November, 1898) Craig and Nash again opposed each other for this office and Nash was elected by 900 ma- jority.
Of the above named the following are dead: William Fowler, Milton H. Wash, I. Van Riley, John B. Harder, T. Ed Campbell and - Waller Young. The others reside in St. Joseph.
COLLECTORS .- The sheriff was ex-officio county collector and tax gatherer until 1864. Thomas Harbine was the first incum- bent of the office, serving 1864-68. The office was then filled as fol- lows: John Pinger, 1868-70; Robert F. Maxwell, 1870-72; Talbott Fairleigh, 1872-74; Thos. J. Burgess, 1874-76; Milton M. Claggett, 1876-78; Randolph T. Davis, 1878-82; Tandy H. Trice, 1882-88: James Hull, 1888-92. George H. Hall, Jr., served 1892 to April 23, 1895, when he resigned, having defaulted. Governor Stone ap- pointed Edward J. Breen to serve out the term. Eugene H. Spratt was elected November, 1896, and re-elected for two years November, 1898.
Of the above, John Pinger, M. M. Claggett and R. T. Davis are dead. The others reside in St. Joseph, except Thomas Harbine, who lives at Fairbury, Nebraska, and George H. Hall.
CORONERS .- Up to 1852 this office was held at different times by William H. Ridenbaugh, Benjamin B. Hartwell and David V. Thompson. The following were the other incumbents: David J. Heaton, 1852-54; Wm. R. Penick, 1854-58; Josiah H. Crane, 1858-60; R. F. Maxwell, 1862-64; John A. Dolman, 1862-64; Thomas Young, 1864-66; Dr. John T. Berghoff, 1866-70; Dr. C. J. Siemens, 1870-72; Dr. Samuel Goslee, 1872-74; Dr. Hugh Trevor, 1874-80; Dr. J. W. Heddens, 1880-82 ; Dr. P. J. Kirschner, 1882-86; Dr. J. W. Stringfellow, 1886-88; Dr. W. L. Whittington, 1888-92; Dr. S. D. Reynolds, 1892-94; Dr. J. W. Islaub, 1894-96. The present incum- bent (1898) is Dr. W. Spier Richmond.
Of the above the following are dead : Hartwell, Thompson, Hea- ton, Penick, Crane, Dolman, Young, Berghoff, Goslee and Trevor. The others reside in St. Joseph.
RECORDERS .- The circuit clerk was recorder of deeds up to 1865. The first recorder was George A. Pearcy, who served 1865-74;
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Thomas Kelly served 1874-75; Michael Crawford, 1875-78; James Millan, 1878-80; Thomas N. Finch, 1880-92. The present incumbent, Joel Gates, was first elected in 1892. He will be succeeded by Joseph N. Karnes, just elected. Of the above, Pearcy, Crawford and Finch are dead. The others reside in St. Joseph.
TREASURERS .- The following have filled the office of county treasurer in the past : James A. Anthony, 1840-50; John Curd, 1850. 62; George Lyon, 1862-70; Gustavus H. Koch, 1870-74; John Wil- liams, 1874-78; James Hull, 1878-80; John T. Ransom, 1880-82; James Hull, 1882-86; T. Ed Campbell, 1886-90; Joseph Andriano, 1890-92; John B. Corbett, 1892-94. Harry Cox was elected for 1894-96, but the office was filled by Richard Horigan, who furnished the bond for Cox. Ishmael Davis, the present incumbent, was re- elected. Of the above the following are dead : Anthony, Curd, Koch, Williams and Campbell. The others reside in St. Joseph ..
ASSESSORS .- W. W. Reynolds was the first assessor of Bu- chanan County, having been appointed by the county court in 1839. He served until 1843, since which time the office has been held as fol- lows : Hiram Roberts, 1843-45; Zachariah Garten, 1845-46; Mathew C. Ferrell, 1846-47; Leander T. Ellis, 1847-51; H. M. Beauchamp, 1851-52; Henry Smith, 1852-53; Hiram Roberts, 1853-55; James A. Matney, 1855-63; William Fitton, 1863-65; John B. Harder, 1865-67; J. A. Matthews, 1867-69; Joseph Mathers, 1869-71; Cyrus J. Missemer, 1871-73; John S. Tutt, 1873-75; George Garrett, 1875- 77; John S. Tutt, 1877-85. Tutt died in office. John P. Boyle was appointed to fill out the unexpired term. He did this and was elected to succeed himself, but died shortly after qualifying. John C. Landis was appointed by Governor Marmaduke to serve Boyle's term. Harry D. Bassett served 1888-94. William H. Croy followed Bassett and served until his death, in February of 1898. His brother, James Croy, was appointed by Governor Stephens to serve out the unexpired term, and then elected to serve until 1902.
COUNTY PHYSICIANS .- Dr. Samuel Goslee was the first county physician of whom there is record. He attended the county's poor when they were located on the farm near Sparta. Dr. Willian Bertram was county physician from 1868 to 1870, when he was suc
THE PRESENT COURT HOUSE.
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BUCHANAN COUNTY AND ST. JOSEPH.
ceeded by Dr. A. S. Long. Dr. Gray succeeded Dr. Long in 1872, but served only a few months and died. Dr. Goslee was again ap- pointed and served until June, 1873, when he died also. Dr. E. A. Donelan was the next appointee and served until 1877, when he was succeeded by Dr. J. M. D. France, who served until 1886. Dr. P. J. Kirschner, Dr. C. R. Woodson, Dr. W. B. Davis and Dr. F. G. Thompson have held the office in turn since 1886.
COUNTY SURVEYORS .- Simeon Kemper was the first county surveyor. He and Elijah Mccrary held the office until 1857, when M. Jeff Thompson was elected. W. B. Johnson was elected in 1861, S. P. Hyde in 1868, Lemuel Peters in 1872, Theodore Stein- acker in 1880, Harry Fardwell in 1888, W. B. Hazen in 1892, and Theodore Steinacker, the present incumbent, in 1896.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATORS .- Prior to 1874 this office was held by William Ridenbaugh, William M. Albin, James H. Ashbaugh, Henry Smith and Eugene Ayres. From 1874 to 1896 it was held by Thomas R. Smith, who was succeeded by James A. Gibson, the pres- ent incumbent.
CONSTABLE .- Each township elects one constable every even numbered year. The constable is a peace officer and is also empow- ered to serve writs issued by justices of the peace. The records af- ford so little satisfaction that no effort will be made to present a list of those who have held this office in the various townships during the past. In 1882, Charles W. Carson was elected constable of Washing- ton Township, but resigned shortly after taking the office. In 1884, Louis Eggert was elected. He resigned in 1885 and Stephen Sale served out the term. In 1886, James Mansfield was elected and served two terms. He was succeeded in 1890 by W. R. Womach, who also served two terms, and was succeeded by George Nixon, who has been succeeded by David Hatfield.
OIL INSPECTOR .- This is a state office, the proper title of which is "inspector of petroleum oils." The appointment is made by the governor for a term of two years and has been filled as follows : Henry Borngesser, appointed March 10, 1871; Vernon Ridenbaugh, June 26, 1872; R. A. Macloon, August 2, 1874; Granville G. Ad-
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BUCHANAN COUNTY AND ST. JOSEPH.
kins, June 25, 1877; Milton M. Claggett, June 27, 1879; Granville G. Adkins, June 21, 1881 ; Milton M. Claggett, June 20, 1885; Rice D. Gilkey, October 13, 1885; Granville G. Adkins, June 25, 1889; Peter Nugent, June 20, 1891; Elijah Gates, September 2, 1893; George H. Wyatt, August 2, 1895; Harry Tootle, August 2, 1897.
TERMS AND EMOLUMENTS .- The collector of county rev- enue is elected for two years and receives commission on all moneys collected, out of which he provides for his deputies. The clerk of the county court is elected for four years, receives a salary of $2,000 per annum and is entitled to fees not to exceed $3,500 per annum, out of which he must provide for his deputies. The sheriff is elected for two years, receives fees and provides for his deputies. The recorder of deeds is elected every four years, receives fees and provides for his deputies. The treasurer is elected for two years, receives a salary of for four years, receives a salary of $2,000 per annum and is entitled to $1,600 per annum and $600 for clerk hire. The assessor is elected for four years and receives fees. The clerk of the circuit court is elected fees to the amount of $3,500 per annum, out of which he provides for his deputies. The county surveyor is elected for four years and re- ceives three dollars per day and expenses when out of the city. The public administrator is elected for four years and receives fees. The prosecuting attorney is elected for two years, receives fees and $1,000 per annum for an assistant. The county physician is appointed by the county court and receives $1,000 per annum and mileage outside of the city. The jail physician is appointed by the county court and receives $300 per annum. The county court also appoints the super- intendent of the poor farm, who receives $75 per month and main- tenance; the assistant superintendent, who receives $50 per month! and maintenance, and the matron, who receives $25 per month and maintenance.
CHAPTER V.
TOWNSHIPS AND TOWNS OF BUCHANAN COUNTY AND THE NAMES OF SOME OF THE FIRST SETTLERS .- POPULATION, BOUNDARIES, AND VOTING PRE- CINCTS OF THE VARIOUS TOWNSHIPS .- THE TOWNS OF AGENCY, DE KALB, WALLACE, TAOS, WINTHROP, RUSHVILLE, HALLS, EASTON AND ST. GEORGE .- SPARTA, THE FIRST COUNTY SEAT .- TRÄDING POINTS AND POSTOFFICES.
In this chapter the history and present condition of the various townships of Buchanan County and the towns and trading points therein contained is briefly outlined. The names of only such pioneers as came prior to 1845 are given. Most of these are dead. The boundaries, the date of settlement, present population, location of voting precincts, post offices and trading points are set forth, and also a brief history of the various towns, together with their commercial importance, location and population.
PLATTE TOWNSHIP .- The first settlers came by wagon from Clay County, and Platte Township, which forms the southeast corner of Buchanan County, was the scene of the earliest struggles of the pioneers, though the other southern townships were populated so near the same time that there is little difference as to age. However, the Enyards, the Everetts and the Munkers are among the first who came to the new country, and they settled in Platte Township.
The following are the names of some of the pioneers of Platte Township and the dates of their coming: Absalom Enyard, 1836; Weston J. Everett and Absalom Munkers, February, 1837; David Munkers, first white child born in the township, April, 1838; Jackson Erickson, 1837; James Williams, 1837; John Huntsucker, Tennessee, 1837; Peter Bledsoe, 1837; William Cobb, Tennessee, 1837; John Fletcher and Jesse Rockhold, 1837; John Tobin, Kentucky, 1838; John Dryden, Thompson Burnham, Charles Kennaird, Morris Pile, James Anderson, 1838; Dr. Samuel Trower, Kentucky, 1838; Nel- son Witt, Kentucky, 1838; John Berryhill, James Courtney, James
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BUCHANAN COUNTY AND ST. JOSEPH.
Fidler, John G. Elliott, John Cummins, Eli Cummins, Harrison Whitson and John Rohan, 1838.
The first church in the township was built by Judge Nelson Witt. It was of logs and octagonal in shape, with a considerable seating ca- pacity. It was called the Witt meeting house and was used by the Calvinistic Baptists.
According to the last census Platte Township has a population of 968. The voting precinct is at Burnett school house and the post office is at Platte River, where there is a general store, a mill, and a bridge over the river.
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JACKSON TOWNSHIP .- Pleasant Yates came in the spring of 1837; Isaac Farris, Kentucky, 1837; Levi Jackson, Kentucky, 1837; John Johnson, North Carolina, 1837; Robert Prather, Ken- tucky, 1837; Phillip Walker, 1837; Robert Wilson, Ohio,; 1837; John Ray, North Carolina, 1838; Christopher Cunningham, 1838; Benja- min McCrary, 1838; Charles Grable, 1840; Eli Arnold, 1840.
Jackson is the first township of the southern tier, west of Platte. Its population, according to the last census, was 656.
Arnoldsville was at one time a trading point and postoffice. Eli Arnold built a mill there in 1847. Now the people of Jackson, as well as those of Platte, go to Platte River. Matney's mill and store are on the Jackson Township side of the bridge.
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CRAWFORD TOWNSHIP .- History has preserved the names of the following early settlers of Crawford Township, the second of the southern tier west of Platte: William Fowler, Delaware, 1837; Wm. Harrington, 1837; Caleb Bailey, 1837; Wm. Guinn and Wm. Lock- hart, Illinois, 1837 ; Bartlett Curl, Kentucky, 1837; James B. O'Toole, Illinois, 1837; Harvey Jones, North Carolina, 1837; O. M. Spencer, father of Judge Spencer, Kentucky, 1837; James Curl, William Payne, Guian Brown, Turpin Thomas, Matt Ferril, 1837; Thomas A. Brown, late judge of the county court, Tennessee, 1838; H. W. Baker, Virginia, 1837; John Hickman, St. Louis, 1837; Levi Judah, Indiana, 1837; Columbus Roundtree, Kentucky, 1837; Dr. Silas McDonald, Kentucky, 1838, first physician in the county; Major Sandford Feland, Kentucky, 1839; Guilford Moultrie, 1839; Nathan Turner, 1839.
Crawford Township had, according to the last census, a popula- tion of 1,359. There are three voting precincts, Halleck, Wallace and Faucett, and each of these has a postoffice.
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BUCHANAN COUNTY AND ST. JOSEPH.
Halleck, which is also called "Old Taos," was originally known as Fancher's Cross Roads. In 1848, a saloon was kept there, in which was sold whisky of so villainous a character that those who had re- turned from the Mexican war compared it to Taos whisky, which was mescal, and considered the worst in New Mexico; so, when a drunken soldier galloped through the village yelling "Hurrah for Old Taos!" the name was fixed. The place was afterwards called Birm- ing, but during the civil war it was rechristened in honor of General Halleck. It has no railroad. There is a population of about 200. There is a blacksmith shop and a general store. There was formerly a mill and Halleck flour was famous.
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