USA > North Carolina > Durham County > Durham > Hill's Durham (N.C.) city directory [1934] > Part 1
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FIREPROOF BUILDING MATERIALS
BORDEN BRICK & TILE CO.
COAL PIONE F-179 PAINTS
DURHAM ELECTRIC CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, INC. PHON
Capital
3500.000.00 1550.000.00
The Fidelity Bank
DURHAM, WEST DURHAM AND EAST DURHAM COMMERCIAL SAVINGS TRUST- SAFE-DEPOSIT
"GREATER STRENGTH
AND
BETTER SERVICE"
GEO. W. KANE
GENERAL CONTRACTOR
Phone F-2941
Sulle 217, Trest Britling 212 W Mais
GEO. V. WYNNE CLYDE M. KELLY J. H. BARNES Hall-Mune & Com THE HOME OF SERVICE
FUNERAL DIRECTORS
JOHNSON MOTOR CO. FO PONTIAC 326-326 EAST MAIN ST.
The Library
of the University of North Carolina
LYZ
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IS
1
Collection of Porth Caroliniana ₾ 971.32
D96d 1934
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DUKE DURHAM, 1
DURHAM CITY DIRECTORY (1934)
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CITY DIRECTORY
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HILL'S DURHAM (DURHAM COUNTY, N. C.) CITY DIRECTORY Vol. 1934 XXIII
Containing an Alphabetical Directory of Business Concerns and Pri- vate Citizens, a Directory of Householders, Occupants of Office Buildings and Other Business Places, Including a Complete Street and Avenue Guide; also a
BUYERS' GUIDE
and a Complete
Classified Business Directory
FOR DETAILED CONTENTS SEE GENERAL INDEX
P
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1898
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DIRECTORY LIBRARY FOR FREE USE OF PUBLIC AT CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
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Copright, 1934, by Hill Directory Co., Inc.
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DIREI DIREODIREC
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PUBLISHERS
PUBLISHERS NOTE
The information in this Directory is gathered by an actual canvass and is compiled in a way to insure maximum accuracy.
The publishers cannot and do not guarantee the cor- rectness of all information furnished them nor the complete absence of errors or omissions, hence no responsibility for same can be or is assumed.
The publishers earnestly request the bringing to their attention of any inaccuracy so that it may be corrected in the next edition of the directory.
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GENERAL INDEX
Abbreviations
Page 50
Alphabetical List of Names 51
Apartment Buildings 596
Associations and Clubs-Commercial 596
Banks and Trust Companies 599
Buildings-Office and Public 602
Buyers' Guide
25
Cemeteries
603
Churches
603
City Government 158
595
Clergymen 605
607
County Officers
159
Courts
159
Federal Officers 435
Fire Department 158
Halls 618
Homes and Asylums 618
Hospitals and Dispensaries 619
Justices of the Peace 623
Labor Organizations
623
Libraries
625
Newspapers
628
Parks and Playgrounds
630
Police Department
158
Post Office
435
Railroads
633
Schools-Public 635
Schools, Colleges and Academies 636
Societies-Benevolent and Fraternal 637
Street and Avenue Guide 479
United States Government 435
807 xxx
Classified Business Directory
Clubs
INDEX TO ADVERTISERS
Page
Alexander Motor Co
left side lines and 27
Bache J S & Co.
right top lines
Bagwell-Small Plumbing & Heating Co Inc 45
Bell V E & Sons. left top lines
Blackley O R Plumbing Co
45
Borden Brick & Tile Co marginal line front cover and
33
Bright-Pickard Co.
35 35
Brown D W Dry Cleaners
Brown Ernest C.
34
C & H Motor Co. .left side lines and
27 43
Carolina Finance Co
right top lines
Carpenter's Inc ..
.right side lines and 27
Citizens Realty & Ins Co. left top lines
Cosmopolitan Barber Shop
32
Cut Rate Ice & Coal Co Inc.
Depositors National Bank .. .right top lines and
Duke University
Durham Builders Supply Co.
Durham Coca Cola Bottling Co .back cover and 33
Durham Dairy Products Co. . backbone and 38
Durham Drug Co. left top lines and 39 Durham Electric Construction Co .... marginal line front cover and Durham Glass Works. 39 41 Durham Industrial Bank 29 31 43
Durham Loan & Trust Co. left top lines and
Durham Lumber Co
Durham Public Service Co .right top lines and Z
Durham Realty & Ins Co left top lines and 45
Elkins Motor Sales Co. .back cover and 27
Fidelity Bank The. .front cover and 30 40 Five Points Furniture Co. Frizzelle John L 35 Glenn Coal Co 36 42
Globe Jewelry Co Inc
. front cover and 40
Hatwood Electric Shoe Shop
.right side lines
Haywood & Boone.
right top lines
Home Insurance Agency
left top lines
Home Savings Bank.
right top lines and 31 41
Johnson Motor Co .. marginal line front cover and 26 Johnson Service Station. 26 44
Jones H F Cabinet & Millwork Co ... marginal line back cover and Kane Geo W. .front cover and 37
Lakewood Dairies. left side lines and 38
Latta E J Roofing Co. bottom stencil and 47
41
Markham J C & Sons
left side lines
May Claude M.
front stencil, 44 and 48
May D C
backbone McGhee R S Coal Co.
36
Mechanics & Farmers Bank.
32
Model Laundry
43
Modern Electric Co Inc.
40
Morris Plan Industrial Bank
. marginal line front cover and 31
36 28 3 34
Carolina Glass
Hall-Wynne & Co Inc.
Hotel Malbourne
Lyon W C Co
INDEX TO ADVERTISERS
9
Page Muirhead Wm Construction Co
.top stencil and 37
Murdock J A Co Inc. .right side lines
New Method Laundry Co
43
Newport Lumber Co
44
Nicholson Motor Co. .right side lines
North Carolina Mutual Life Ins Co.
Nu-Tread Tire Co.
Palms Restaurant.
46
Parker Letter Service.
.right side lines
Phillips Preson P
left side lines
Pickard J E.
46
Pritchard-Bright & Co.
35
Ray Lumber Co.
34
Reeves American Inn.
46 4
Rochelle Sidney E.
left side lines and 32
39
Rose Agency Inc The.
right top lines
Scott Coal Co.
36
Scott & Roberts.
left top lines
Shaw Paint & Wall Paper
Co Inc. 44
Small Animal Hospital
26
Southgate J & Son Inc
.marginal line back cover
Terry Hardy G.
46
Thompson & Cannady . back cover and 38
U-Drive-It Yourself. right side lines
University Motors Inc. left top lines
Varsity Motors
left side lines
Washington Duke Hotel.
41
Watson Oldsmobile Co Inc. right side lines and 28
. back cover and 47
Young Roofing Co Inc.
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DIRECTORY (
PUBLISHERS
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Rogers Drug Co
INTRODUCTION
HILL DIRECTORY CO., Inc., publishers of Southeastern Direc- tories, present to subscribers and the general public, this, the 1934 edition of the Durham City Directory.
Confidence in the growth of Durham's industry, population and wealth, and in the advancement of its civic and social activities, will be maintained as sections of this Directory are consulted, for the Direc- tory is a mirror truly reflecting Durham to the world.
The enviable position occupied by HILL'S Directories in the estima- tion of the public, has been established by rendering the best in Direc- tory service. With an unrivaled organization, and having had the courteous and hearty cooperation of the business and professional men and residents, the publishers feel that the result of their labors will meet with the approval of every user, and that the Durham Direc- tory will fulfill its mission as a source of authentic information pertaining to the city.
Four Major Departments
The four major departments are arranged in the following order :-
THE BUYERS' GUIDE, pages 25 to 50, printed on tinted paper, con- tains the advertisements of leading manufacturing, business and pro- fessional interests of Durham. The advertisements are indexed under headings descriptive of the business represented. This is reference adver- tising at its best, and merits a survey by all buyers eager to familiarize themselves with sources of supply. In a progressive community like Durham, the necessity of having this kind of information immediately available, is obvious. General appreciation of this fact is evidenced by the many reference users of this City Directory service.
THE ALPHABETICAL LIST OF NAMES of residents and business and professional concerns is included in pages 51 to 478. This is the only record in existence that aims to show the name, marital status, occupa- tion and address of each adult resident of Durham, and the name, official personnel, nature and address of each firm and corporation in the city.
THE DIRECTORY OF HOUSEHOLDERS, INCLUDING STREET AND AVENUE GUIDE, covers pages 479 to 594. In this section the named streets are arranged in alphabetical order, followed by the numbered streets in numerical order; the numbers of the residences and business concerns are arranged in numerical order under the name of each street, and the names of the householders and concerns are placed opposite the numbers. The names of the intersecting streets appear at their respective crossing points on each street.
THE CLASSIFIED BUSINESS DIRECTORY is included in pages 595 to 641. This department lists the names of all business and pro- fessional concerns in alphabetical order under appropriate headings. This feature constitutes an invaluable and indispensable catalog of the numerous interests of the community. The Directory is the common intermediary between buyer and seller. As such it plays an important part in the daily activities of the commercial and professional world. More buyers and sellers meet through the Classified Business Directory than through any other medium.
Municipal Publicity
The Directory reflects the achievements and ambitions of the city, depicting in unbiased terms what it has to offer as a place of residence, as a business location, as a manufacturing site and as an educational center. To broadcast this information, the publishers have placed copies of this issue of the Directory in Directory Libraries, where they are readily available for free public reference, and serve as perpetual and reliable advertisements of Durham.
The Durham Directory Library
Through the courtesy of the publishers of the Durham City Direc- tory, a Directory Library is maintained in the offices of the Durham Chamber of Commerce, for free reference by the general public. This is one of nearly 450 Directory Libraries installed in the chief cities of the U. S. and Canada by members of the Association of North American Directory Publishers, under whose supervision the system is operated.
The publishers appreciatively acknowledge the recognition by those progressive business and professional men who have demonstrated their confidence in the City Directory as an advertising medium, with assu- rance that it will bring a commensurate return.
HILL DIRECTORY CO., Inc., Publishers.
DURHAM
NOTED TOBACCO AND TEXTILE CENTER; A CENTER OF INDUSTRY AND EDUCATION (Courtesy Durham Chamber of Commerce)
STATISTICAL REVIEW
Form of Government-Council-manager.
Population-Total, 52,037; males, 24,629; females, 27,408; white males of age, 14,137; white females of age, 15,856; total colored, 18,717 (1930 U. S. Census). Government estimate, 1934, 58,900. American-born, 99.3%.
Area-12.8 square miles.
Altitude-406 feet.
Climate-Mean annual temperature, 59.6 degrees F .; average annual
rainfall, 47.19 inches.
Parks-8, with total of 110 acres, valued at $225,000.
Assessed Valuation-$70,000,000, with $1.75 per $100 tax rate. Bonded Debt-$9,324,913.03.
Financial Facts-6 banks, with total deposits of $18,864,061.75 (June 30, 1934), and total resources of $22,553,354.47 (June 30, 1934). Clearings for 1933, $108,247,961.68. 4 building and loan associations, with total assets of $2,072,652.66 (June 30, 1934).
Postal Receipts-$260,762.37 (calendar year 1933).
Telephones in Service-5,622.
Churches-84, representing 12 denominations.
Building and Construction-200 permits, with total value of $812,523, issued in 1933.
Real Estate-1,337 transfers made in 1933. 10,562 homes, with about 40% owned by occupants.
Industry-87 manufacturing establishments, employing 7,805 men and 6,133 women, paying wages of $13,000,000 annually, and having products valued at $166,098,702 annually (1932 report). Principal manu- factured products: Cigarettes, smoking tobacco, hosiery, sheets and pillow cases, ginghams, flour and proprietary medicines.
Trade Area-Retail area has radius of 25 miles, and population of 148,000; wholesale area, radius of 50 miles, and population of 508,000. Newspapers-2 dailies, 1 daily and Sunday, and 3 weeklies.
Hotels-7, with total of 800 rooms. Newest hotel opened in 1925. Railroads-5; Southern, Seaboard Air Line, Norfolk & Western, Durham & Southern and Norfolk Southern.
Highways-U. S. 15, 70 and 501; State 55 and 91. Airports-1 nearby.
Amusements-Largest auditorium in city seats 1,750 persons. 6 moving-picture theatres, with total seating capacity of 3,286 persons. 2 golf courses.
Hospitals-4, with total of 815 beds.
Education-Duke University, Southern Conservatory of Music, Croft Secretarial School, Durham College of Commerce, and North Carolina College for Negroes. 19 public schools, including 3 senior high and 1 junior high. 1, parochial school. Number of pupils in public schools, 12,335; in parochial, 85. Number of teachers in public schools, 319; in parochial, 4. Value of public school property, $3,230,000; parochial, $30,000; college, $20,670.000.
Public Libraries-5, including branches, with total of 422,165 volumes.
City Statistics-Total street mileage, 205, with 75 miles paved. Miles of gas mains, 86.52; sewers, 301. Number of water meters, 9,900; light meters, 10,006; gas meters, 2,850. Capacity of water works (municipal), 9,000,000 gallons; daily average pump, 5,000,000 gallons; miles of mains, 169.7; value of plant, $4,800,000. Fire department has 47 men, with 4 stations and 12 pieces of motor equipment. Value of fire department property $300,300. Police department has 52 men, with 1 station and 10 pieces of motor equipment.
HISTORY
In April, 1865, at a log cabin known as the Bennett Place, near Durham's Station, there occurred one of the most historic events in the history of our nation. Lee had surrendered at Appomattox, and the future looked dark indeed for the Southern states. Jefferson Davis and his cabinet had escaped to Greensboro, North Carolina, and there had held fiery debate as to the advisability of continuing the Civil War. Some members of the cabinet favored continuing hostilities at any cost, even though it meant carrying on a guerrilla warfare, while others took the position that the cause of the Confederacy was forever lost and
12
INTRODUCTION
that no good could be accomplished by further bloodshed. Finally it was decided to instruct General Joseph E. Johnston, commander of the Confederate Armies of the Carolinas, Georgia and Florida, to negotiate terms of peace with General Wm. Tecumseh Sherman, com- mander of the Federal Army that had broken the backbone of the Confederacy by reason of its famous march to the sea. These two generals met at the Bennett Place and signed a tentative peace agree- ment. This agreement was so favorable to the South that General Grant refused to approve it, but after several days' conference, it was amended to meet General Grant's demands and was signed and approved by the governments of the North and South, and the War Between the States came to a close.
Marking the place of surrender, just four miles from Durham, there has been erected, through the generosity of Mrs. S. T. Morgan, a beautiful monument consisting of two columns, one representing the North and the other the South, joined together by a cross-piece on which is the word Unity. This Historic spot, the birthplace of a reunited nation, is visited each year by thousands of people.
The death of the Confederacy gave birth to the city of Durham, and out of the ashes of the hopes of the Southern people has been built a great and beautiful city. In 1865 Durham Station was a small and insignificant point on the North Carolina Railroad, inhabited by less than 100 persons. There was one lone business enterprise here, a crude and unimportant tobacco factory with total assets of less than $2,000, including not only products on hand, but representing also the entire investment and replacement. History and tradition unite in
BENNETT MEMORIAL
saying that this factory was broken into by Sherman's soldiers and a large part of the stock carried away. Tradition further says that the product carried away was so well made and of such quality that when the soldiers returned to the pursuit of civil life, letters came back to Durham to ascertain if there was more of the product upon the market. To supply this demand, a broken business was rebuilt.
In 1865 Washington Duke, a Confederate soldier, walked from New Bern to his home in Durham, and with the same stout heart that had carried him through the vicissitudes of a lost cause, turned his atten- tion to the battle for bread, which was doubtless as cruel and bitter as the war from which he had returned. He built the second factory in Durham, composed of a log cabin 20x30 feet, and with his own hands manufactured a product out of a small supply of tobacco that the Federal soldiers had not found. This he called Pro Bono Publico. The annual output of this factory was originally four or five hundred pounds, and in 1872 had grown to 125,000 pounds.
In the meantime, W. T. Blackwell had moved to Durham to engage in the tobacco business. He was to the early development of the tobacco industry in Durham what Napoleon was to France, or Caesar to Rome.
13
INTRODUCTION
The Durham Bull got upon the map and in a few brief years his sonorous voice, like the shot at Lexington, was heard around the world. In 1872 the two small tobacco factories had grown into twelve.
James Buchanan Duke, becoming convinced that it was neither practicable nor profitable to compete with Bull Durham smoking tobacco, turned the vision of his great genius into the cigarette field, and from that day to the present hour the increasing volume of the tobacco industry has become the common property of mankind.
In 1869, on April 10, almost exactly four years after Johnston sur- rendered to Sherman, Durham was born. There were less than 258 inhabitants in the village, and the total municipal revenue was $357.44. The largest taxpayer paid $40.62 in taxes. In 1870 there were probably less than 100 wage-earners in industrial pursuits in the town.
The tobacco industry grew at a very rapid rate, using large quanti- ties of bright-leaf tobacco. While much of this type of tobacco was grown around Durham, it was sold at tobacco markets in Richmond and other Virginia cities, and local manufacturers had to pay the cost of transporting the tobacco back from Virginia to Durham. This condition made desirable the opening of warehouses for the sale of leaf tobacco in Durham, and resulted in this city becoming one of the largest bright-leaf tobacco markets in the world, now selling from 28 to 30 million pounds each season.
During all this time there were no banks in the town, practically all the banking being transacted in Raleigh, and on days of big sales at the tobacco warehouses it was necessary to obtain cash from the merchants in order to pay the farmer for his product. Such incon- vani nces could not long continue, and soon two banks were established.
The next step in the industrial and commercial history of the town was the bringing in of additional railway lines. By the co-operation of manufacturers, merchants, and the city and county governments, the Seaboard Air Line, the Southern Railway, and the Norfolk & Western Railway were given access to this market. Later the Norfolk Southern Railroad and the Durham & Southern Railway were added to the railway lines serving the city, giving a total of five railway companies with seven lines radiating in every direction.
Durham had now grown into a very prosperous and thriving com- munity, but its citizenship was not satisfied with having purely a com- mercial and industrial town. The people felt the need of better schools
-
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VIEW OF CITY HALL
14
INTRODUCTION
VIEW OF CORCORAN STREET, LOOKING SOUTH
and, in 1885, after a heated political campaign, bonds were voted for public school buildings and a tax levied for maintaining a public school system. Today Durham, has one of the finest public school plants of any city of its size, with physical property valued at more than $3,230,- 000 and with a personnel of teachers and management that gives it first rating among the cities of North Carolina.
In 1892 Trinity College, now Duke University, was brought to Dur- ham through the philanthropy of Mr. Washington Duke and General Julian S. Carr. Today Duke University has a physical plant worth $20,000,000, 2,842 students, a 456-bed hospital, and ranks among the leading educational institutions of the nation.
As the tobacco industry grew and prospered, certain persons used some of their dividends in establishing cotton mills, and this industry soon assumed a position of importance in the industrial life of the city. Later hosiery mills were established, until today Durham ranks as the first city of the South in the manufacture of full-fashioned silk hos- iery. Other industries were added from time to time, including flour mills, fertilizer plants, iron works, woodworking plants, printing estab- lishments, etc., until in 1934 there are engaged in industry- 13,938 wage- earners, producing $166,098,702 worth of manufactured products an- nually. These industries pay into the Federal treasury approximately $70,000,000 each year. Durham today produces 24 per cent of all the cigarettes made in the United States.
In 1914 a program of civic improvement was undertaken, and al- though it was interrupted by the World War, it has now reached the point where Durham has all the conveniences of a modern city, in-
15
INTRODUCTION
cluding complete sewerage, asphalt streets, paved sidewalks, electric power, gas, the latest dial telephone service, Western Union and Postal i elegraph service, American Telephone & Telegraph repeater station, in- suring rapid long-distance telephone communication; a fine recreation program, and a system of water works with an impounding reservoir sufficient to care for the needs of a city of 100,000 people.
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