USA > North Carolina > Rowan County > A history of Rowan County, North Carolina > Part 21
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THE CHURCHES OF ROWAN
and the two churches of Rowan-Fourth Creek and Thyatira-were definitely established. The next year, 1765, Fourth Creek and Thyatira united in a call for the services of the Rev. Elihu Spencer, and the con- gregations sent wagons, accompanied by elderly men, all the way to New Jersey to move his family to Rowan. It is said that he declined to come because the messengers refused to pledge themselves to restore his wife to her friends in the event of his death at an early day. It was eight years more before Thyatira obtained a minister. In 1772, the Rev. Mr. Harris, of whom we know nothing further, took charge of the church, and remained about two years. In 1778, the Rev. James Hall became pastor of Fourth Creek, Con- cord, and Bethany Churches, and in 1777 the Rev. Samuel Eusebius McCorkle was ordained and installed pastor of Thyatira Church. Mr. McCorkle was born in Lancaster County, Pa., in 1746, and came with his parents to Rowan in 1756. He prepared for college under the Rev. David Caldwell, of Guilford, and was graduated from Princeton in 1772. He was licensed by the Presbytery of New York in 1774, and then preached two years in Virginia. After preaching about eight years in Thyatira, he commenced a classical school, about a mile east of the church, which he called "Zion Parnassus Academy." This school was emi- nently useful, and Dr. McCorkle's students were thoroughly drilled, and six of the seven graduates of the first class from the University of North Carolina were Dr. McCorkle's pupils. Forty-five of his students entered the ministry, and many of them became law-
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yers, judges, and officers of the State. The signal suc- cess of his pupils in achieving eminence arose from his faithfulness in discouraging young men who were des- titute of respectable talents from following any of the learned professions.
In 1795, the trustees of the University of North Carolina elected Dr. McCorkle Professor of Moral and Political Philosophy and History, with the view of his acting as president. General Davie, it seems, ob- jected to the arrangement, and this caused Dr. Mc- Corkle to decline the place. In 1796, the Rev. Joseph Caldwell was elected to the chair of Mathematics, and presiding professor, and for forty years guided the in- stitution in its career of usefulness. But Dr. McCor- kle did not cease to labor for the advancement of the infant University. He made many excursions to raise funds for its endowment, was present at the laying of the cornerstone of the first building, and made an ad- dress upon that occasion. He did not cease to love the University to the end of his life. On the second of July, 1776, the Rev. Samuel E. McCorkle was married to Margaret Gillespie, of Salisbury, the daughter of the patriotic Mrs. Elizabeth Steele, who relieved the distress of General Greene, in Salisbury, by the timely supply of money. She bore him ten children, six of whom survived him, and some of their descendants are still living in Thyatira. Dr. McCorkle received his death warrant in the pulpit, being stricken with palsy while conducting the services of the sanctuary. He lingered on for a number of years, unable to fulfill the duties of the ministry, except by patient suffering for
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THE CHURCHES OF ROWAN
the Master's sake. On the twenty-first of June, 1811, he was called to his reward, and his body was laid in the Thyatira graveyard.
About 1792, Third Creek and Unity Churches in Rowan were organized, and about the same period, Joppa, now Mocksville Church, in Davie County. The Rev. Joseph D. Kilpatrick, from the Waxhaws in South Carolina, was the first pastor of these churches, that were cut off from Thyatira, Fourth Creek, and Bethany Churches. In the revivals of 1802-03, Mr. Kilpatrick was an active participant, and warm sympa- thizer. He labored in this field until March, 1829, when he was called to his rest. His remains are in- terred in the graveyard of Third Creek Church. Two of his sons, Abner and Josiah, became ministers, and two of his daughters married ministers -one the Rev. Mr. Kerr, and the other the Rev. Mr. Porter. Four or five of Mr. Porter's sons became ministers. The revival of 1802-03 had great effect upon the western neighborhoods of Thyatira, and they began to desire a separate church. Dr. McCorkle did not sympathize with the camp-meeting movement, but only tolerated it. On the other hand a part of his congre- gation was fully under its influence. In 1805, Back Creek was erected into a separate church. At its organization it possessed an eldership of peculiar ex- cellence, and it has sent out some ministers of the gos- pel whose labors have been greatly blessed. In 1824, Prospect Church, in the southwestern corner of Rowan, was organized, mainly from Center congrega- tion, but partly from Back Creek. In 1829, Franklin
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Church, four miles north of Salisbury, was organized in vacant ground adjoining Thyatira, Third Creek, and Unity. All these churches have been served by a succession of devoted ministers.
The ministers of THYATIRA after Dr. McCorkle, were the Rev. Messrs. Bowman-a son-in-law of Dr. McCorkle-John Carrigan, James Stafford, James D. Hall, A. Y. Lockridge, S. C. Alexander, B. S. Krider, S. C. Pharr, and J. A. Ramsay.
BACK CREEK has had for ministers, Joseph D. Kil- patrick, A. Y. Lockridge, Thomas E. Davis, S. C. Alexander, W. B. Watts, Robert Bradley, A. E. Chandler, and J. A. Ramsay.
BETHPHAGE CHURCH, originally in Rowan, mid- way between Thyatira and Poplar Tent, was or- ganized in 1795, and had for its ministers the Rev. John Carrigan, the Rev. James Stafford, Rev. James E. Morrison, Rev. Walter W. Pharr, and Rev. Wil- liam W. Pharr, all natives of Rocky River congrega- tion.
THIRD CREEK was served by the following minis- ters : Rev. Messrs. Joseph D. Kilpatrick, Josiah Kilpatrick, A. Y. Lockridge, J. M. H. Adams, S. B. O. Wilson, G. D. Parks, G. R. Brackett, William A. Wood, R. W. Boyd, and A. L. Crawford.
UNITY CHURCH was served by Rev. Messrs. Joseph D. Kilpatrick, Franklin Watts, William A. Hall, Jesse Rankin, B. S. Krider, G. R. Brackett, William A. Wood, E. F. Rockwell, and R. W. Boyd.
PROSPECT CHURCH has enjoyed the ministerial la- bors of various ministers, among whom are Rev.
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THE CHURCHES OF ROWAN
Messrs. Walter S. Pharr, John LeRoy Davies, John E. McPherson, E. D. Junkin, W. B. Watts, Robert Bradley, Romulus M. Tuttle, William H. Davis, P. T. Penick, and F. P. Harrell.
JOPPA (OR MOCKSVILLE CHURCH), formerly in Rowan, was founded by the Rev. Joseph D. Kilpatrick. After him came the Rev. Franklin Watts, William A. Hall, Jesse Rankin, B. S. Krider, R. B. Anderson, B. L. Beall, William M. Kilpatrick, S. S. Murkland, G. M. Gibbs, and A. L. Crawford.
FRANKLIN CHURCH, founded by the Rev. Franklin Watts in 1829, had for its ministers the Rev. Messrs. William A. Hall, Jesse Rankin, B. S. Krider, James D. Hall, B. L. Beall, S. C. Pharr, A. L. Crawford, and R. W. Boyd.
These churches at the present time have for their pastors the ministers last named in the above rolls, and embrace a membership of nine hundred and forty, with children in the Sabbath Schools numbering seven hundred and forty-six. This estimate includes the Salisbury Church, but excludes Bethphage and Mocksville, as lying outside of Rowan County.
THE SALISBURY CHURCH
The town of Salisbury lies between the settlements of the Scotch-Irish and the "Pennsylvania Dutch" or Germans. To the east and south lay the great body of the German settlers; and to the north and west the Scotch-Irish predominated. The population of the town was a mixture of these two races, interspersed with Englishmen, Frenchmen, pure Irish and Scotch.
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Among the early inhabitants we find a good many names that are suggestive of Presbyterian affinities. These people had no church of their own, but such as were church members belonged to Thyatira. Dr. McCorkle, having married the daughter of Mrs. Eliza- beth Steele, the half-sister of Gen. John Steele, was early brought into connection with the Salisbury peo- ple, and frequently preached in the courthouse, or in the Lutheran Church, as most convenient. In 1803- 04, Dr. James McRee, of Center Church, preached in Salisbury once a month, and from 1807 to 1809, the Rev. John Brown, D. D., was principal of an Academy in Salisbury, and preached regularly there one-half of his time, giving the other half to Thyatira. This was during the time that Dr. McCorkle was prostrated by paralysis. Dr. Brown was called to the presidency of the South Carolina College, and afterwards became president of Athens College, Georgia, and there ended his life. Between the years of 1809 and 1819, the Rev. Samuel L. Graham, the Rev. Parsons O. Hays, and perhaps others, preached for a while in Salisbury. During all this time there were not enough Presby- terian Church members in Salisbury to justify an or- ganization ; at least, such was the opinion of these members and visiting preachers. But in 1820 there came as teacher to Salisbury, a man who entertained a different opinion. This was the
REV. JONATHAN OTIS FREEMAN, M. D.
He soon began to agitate the subject of church or- ganization, and before the close of the year he col-
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lected a body of thirteen members, had them organized into a church, and ordained Alexander Torrence, Thomas L. Cowan, and Dr. Alexander Long as ruling elders. In The Western Carolinian, published by Bingham & White, of the date of August 7, 1821, appeared the following notice: "The sacrament was administered in the NEW CHURCH in this place for the first time, on last Sabbath, by the Rev. Mr. Freeman, assisted by the Rev. Mr. Robinson, of Poplar Tent congregation." The "New Church" was not a new house of worship, but the newly organized Presby- terian Church of Salisbury, which had probably been organized on the Saturday preceding-August 4, 1821. The church building was not finished until five years later. The church was composed of the following thirteen members: Albert Torrence, Elizabeth Tor- rence, Hugh Horah, Mary Horah, Thomas L. Cowan, Elizabeth Cowan, Dr. Alexander Long, Mary Long, John Fulton, Charity Gay, Mary T. Holland, Ann Murphy, and Margaret Beckwith. Tradition reports that the church was organized in the old Lutheran Church, standing on a spot just inside of the present Lutheran graveyard. The graves of Mr. and Mrs. Cowan are on the site of the old church. For several years this church had no home, but worshiped either in the courthouse or in the Lutheran Church. Weekly prayer meetings were held in private houses, and from this originated the custom in this church of kneeling at its prayer meetings instead of standing as is prac- ticed in other Presbyterian Churches. Dr. Freeman remained in Salisbury until 1826, when he removed
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to Raleigh, N. C. Just before leaving, he laid the cor- nerstone of the present church building, with appro- priate services. During his stay of five years the following persons were added to the church: Michael Brown (1823), Isabella Maria Brown, Jane Troy, Catherine B. Troy, Elizabeth Murphy, Elizabeth Giles, Susan Giles, Margaret Dickson, Mary Gay, Mary Ann Reeves, Jane Trotter, Joseph Hall, Dr. John Scott, William Curtis, Mrs. Curtis, with seven colored persons. All these have passed away from earth. Thirty-five were gathered into the church under Dr. Freeman's administration. Of Dr. Freeman, the founder of the Salisbury Presbyterian Church, not very much is now known. Jonathan Otis Free- man was born in Barnstable, Mass., April 6, 1772. He was probably educated in his native State, studied medicine and took his degree of Doctor of Medicine. He married Mary Crocker, of his native town, Decem- ber 10, 1794. He removed to North Carolina in 1805. At a meeting of Concord Presbytery, held in Salis- bury, September 27, 1821, the Rev. Jonathan O. Free- man produced testimonials of his dismission from the Presbytery of Orange, and was received as a member of Presbytery. He had come to Salisbury some time be- fore, for he closed a session of his school in Salisbury early in the year 1821, as published in The Western Carolinian. Dr. Freeman remained in Salisbury until the fall of 1826, when he removed to Raleigh. After this he labored in the bounds of Orange Presbytery and in Virginia for a number of years. He was an excellent teacher of the classics, and a number of our
DR. J. J. SUMMERELL
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THE CHURCHES OF ROWAN
prominent men, as Hon. Burton Craige and Dr. Joseph W. Hall, were prepared for college by him. He died in Washington, N. C., in 1835, in the sixty-third year of his age.
Dr. Freeman's son, Edmund B. Freeman, was clerk of the Supreme Court of North Carolina, from 1836 to 1868, thirty-two years.
The Rev. Jesse Rankin, a native of Guilford County, was invited to Salisbury as principal of the Academy and supply to the church. He came in January, 1827, and remained until about the close of 1830, four years. During the period of his ministry here there were twenty-seven additions to the church, an average of nearly seven each year. For the first fifty years of its existence there was an addition of four hundred and six persons to its communion, an average of eight each year. From 1831 to 1836, the Rev. Thomas Espy and the Rev. P. J. Sparrow served the Salisbury and Thyatira Churches, each one year. Mr. Espy died, April 16, 1833, and his remains were deposited in the Lutheran graveyard in Salisbury, where a mar- ble slab commemorates his life and labors. Mr. Spar- row was called from the Salisbury Church to the Professorship of Languages in Davidson College, whither he went in 1737. He afterwards became presi- dent of Hampden - Sidney College. He died a few years since near Pensacola, Fla. In the year 1832, a remarkable revival of religion occurred in this church, under the preaching of the Rev. A. D. Mont- gomery, by which many were added to the church. From 1836 till 1845, the Rev. Stephen Frontis was
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pastor of this church, and forty-four were added to the church during his ministry. Mr. Frontis died a few years ago, and sleeps in the graveyard of Pros- pect Church. On the first of February, 1846, the Rev. Archibald Baker, a native of Robeson County, became pastor of the church and continued until 1859, a period of thirteen years, and one hundred and fifty-six com- municants were added under his ministry. Mr. Ba- ker was a devout, earnest, and amiable servant of the Lord, and his memory is still cherished by the older members of the church. He was stricken down while speaking in Center Church, in his native county, and died in the harness.
On the third Sunday of November, 1860, the Rev. Jethro Rumple began his work as pastor of the Salis- bury Church, and continued until the present time. During the twenty years of his ministry there have been two hundred and forty additions to the church.
In closing this sketch there are two or three facts that may interest the reader. The first is, that from the beginning this church maintained a well conducted Sunday School, in which many of the most devoted members of the congregation were teachers. The principal superintendents of the Sunday School have been, Thomas L. Cowan, J. J. Blackwood, Colonel Samuel Lemly, D. A. Davis, Phillip L. Sink, William Murdock, J. J. Bruner, Samuel H. Wiley, and J. D. McNeely. Most of those who are now members of the church were once pupils in the Sunday School, and received their early religious impressions in that nursery of the church.
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Another element of success in the church has been its earnest and faithful office-bearers, embracing many of the most highly esteemed and influential citizens of the town. The ruling elders have been as follows :
Albert Torrence, Thomas L. Cowan, Dr. Alexander Long, Michael Brown, Samuel Lemly, Philip L. Sink, D. A. Davis, J. J. Bruner, William Murdock, Thomas McNeely, Dr. J. J. Summerell, J. S. McCubbins, Julius D. McNeely, E. H. Marsh, R. A. Knox, and Orin D. Davis. The deacons have been Julius D. Ramsay, J. J. Summerell, M. D., Obadiah Woodson, John D. Brown, James S. McCubbins, J. A. Bradshaw, John A. Ramsey, John M. Horah, Julius D. McNeely, E. H. Marsh, J. K. Burke, T. B. Beall, R. A. Knox, Theodore F. Kluttz, Samuel H. Wiley, W. L. Kluttz, and Hugh M. Jones.
Another element of success has been that the church has had few and brief periods of vacancy, and very little serious internal dissension. Upon the departure of one pastor the congregation speedily agreed upon and secured another, and the work thus went on with- out intermission.
Another characteristic of the church is that it has always diligently fostered schools and colleges. Its early ministers were teachers, and in later days it has maintained excellent male and female academies where every child in the congregation has free access for ten months in the year. As a result many of the youth have been prepared for the higher schools and colleges, where they have received the benefits of a liberal education, and have been enabled to enter the
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liberal professions, and grace the cultivated circles of society.
Within the past ten years the following sons of this church have entered the ministry of the Presbyterian Church: Rev. William H. Davis, now laboring in Henderson County; Rev. John W. Davis, missionary in Soochow, China ; Rev. Branch G. Clifford, in Union- ville, S. C .; Rev. J. A. Ramsay, in Rowan County, N. C .; Rev. J. N. H. Summerville, in Cabarrus County, and K. P. Julian, now in his last year at the Theological Seminary. Bryant D. Thomas, who was received into this church between 1826 and 1830, be- came a minister and preached in the West. He died a few years ago.
Third Creek Church sent out a number of useful ministers, among whom were Abner and Josiah Kil- patrick, sons of Rev. Joseph D. Kilpatrick; William H. Johnston, B. S. Krider, William A. Wood, and R. Z. Johnston. Among the ministers born in Back Creek, were Silas Andrews, J. Scott Barr, John A. Barr, and R. W. Shive of Mississippi. The Presby- terian Churches of Rowan have been served by more than fifty different ministers, and have sent out prob- ably not more than twenty-five or thirty into the work, and not more than a half-dozen of these who have served her churches have been natives of Rowan County.
JAMES K. POLK
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THE CHURCHES OF ROWAN
PRESIDENT POLK'S FOREFATHERS AND THYATIRA CHURCH
James K. Polk, eleventh President of the United States, was born in Mecklenburg County, November, I795. His mother was Jean, daughter of James Knox, of Rowan County. This James was the son of John Knox, who was a native of Scotland, born about 1708, and who went from Scotland to Ireland with other emigrants, by invitation of the King of England, to constitute a balance of power against the insurgent Irish Catholics. He married an Irish Presbyterian, Jean Gracy, whose mother's name was Jean Sinclair, a relative of the mother (a Sinclair) of John Knox the Reformer.
This John and Jean came with other immigrants to America, about 1740, and were among the early set- tlers of Rowan County, buying six hundred acres of land on the south side of Third Creek, for thirty- seven pounds, ten shillings (£37/10), which land had been granted by Earl Granville to James Stewart.
For more than one hundred and fifty years an old stone stood in the Thyatira Churchyard, inscribed as follows :
HERE THE BODY LYS OF JOHN KNOX WHO DECEASED OCTOBER YE 25, 1758 AGED FIFTY YEARS ALSO HERE LYS THE BODY OF JEAN KNOX HIS WIFE
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HISTORY OF ROWAN COUNTY
WHO DECEASED SEPTEMBER 18, 1772 AGED SIXTY-FOUR YEARS
This stone is now fitted into a new one, with this inscription :
IN MEMORY OF JOHN KNOX 1708 - 1758 AND HIS WIFE JEAN GRACY 1708 - 1772 NATIVES OF SCOTLAND
ALSO THEIR SEVEN SONS
SOLDIERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION WILLIAM SAMUEL
JAMES (GRANDFATHER OF PRESIDENT JAMES KNOX POLK)
ABSALOM JOHN
JOSEPH BENJAMIN AND THEIR DAUGHTER
MARY
ERECTED BY THEIR DESCENDANTS
MAY 20, 19II
So it comes about that from Rowan stock was pro- duced a President, which fact we hope the good old county may repeat at an early date.
THYATIRA CHURCH AND KNOX MEMORIALS
CHAPTER XXVIII
LUTHERANISM IN ROWAN
The Lutheran Church in Rowan County is com- posed chiefly, but not exclusively, of the descendants of those German settlers who began to occupy the county about 1745. Fortunately for the history of this people, the Rev. Dr. Bernheim, in his book, en- titled "History of the German Settlements and of the Lutheran Church in the Carolinas," has gathered up and preserved the traditions and documents that tell the story of their settlement and religious life. The author of these pages had intended that this chapter should be written by a minister or layman of the Lutheran Church, but succeeded only in securing a very brief but most interesting Sketch of Organ Church, by the Rev. Samuel Rothrock. For the gen- eral account he is indebted to Dr. Bernheim's interest- ing volume, which has been freely used in composing this chapter.
St. John's Lutheran Church in Salisbury is entitled to the distinction of being the oldest Lutheran con- gregation organized in the Province of North Carolina.
In the year 1768, John Lewis Beard, a wealthy citizen of Salisbury, and a member of the Lutheran Church, was bereaved by the death of a daughter, and her body was interred in a lot of ground owned by her
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father. To prevent her remains from being disturbed by the march of civilization, Mr. Beard executed a deed for the lot, containing one hundred and forty- four square poles, to a body of trustees of the Evan- gelical Lutheran congregation, of the township of Salisbury, allowing ministers of the High Church of England to occupy it when not used by the Lutherans. Upon this lot, now known as the Lutheran graveyard, or Salisbury Cemetery, the congregation soon after erected a log church, or block-house. All this was in preparation for some minister whom they expected in time to obtain. Five years later, in 1773, the Rev. Adolph Nussmann, a ripe and thorough scholar, and devoted and self-sacrificing Christian, was induced to come from Germany to Rowan County. After labor- ing in Salisbury and Organ Church for a short time, Mr. Nussmann removed from Salisbury and took charge of Buffalo Creek Church-St. John's-in Mecklenburg, now Cabarrus. At the same time that Mr. Nussmann came from Germany, Mr. Gottfried Ahrend came over as schoolmaster. As ministers were much needed, and Mr. Ahrend was qualified, he was ordained to the work of the ministry in 1775. As he preached at Organ Church-then called Zion's Church-from 1775 to 1785, it is probable that part of his time was devoted to the Salisbury Church. In 1785, Mr. Ahrend removed from Rowan to Lincoln County. For twelve years these two Lutheran minis- ters, with the Rev. Mr. Beuthahn, a German Reformed minister, labored among the German population of Rowan, Cabarrus, Lincoln, Catawba, Iredell, David-
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LUTHERANISM IN ROWAN
son, Guilford, and other counties. At this time the Rev. Mr. Harris, and after him the Rev. Samuel E. McCorkle, was preaching to the Presbyterians at Thya- tira, Rev. James Hall in Iredell, and Rev. David Cald- well in Guilford. These seven were breaking the bread of life to the thousands of people in this vast region.
Soon after the arrival of Messrs. Nussmann and Ahrend, the Revolutionary War opened, and for nearly eight years all correspondence with the Fatherland was cut off, and the congregations and ministers of Rowan were left to their own resources. No ministers, no books, no material aid or sympathy came to cheer them. Besides this, Mr. Nussmann was persecuted by the Tories, and forced to seek safety by hiding himself in a secure retreat, not far from his residence on Dutch Buffalo. At the close of the war, Mr. Nuss- mann reopened correspondence with friends in Ger- many, and in 1787 the Lutheran Church in North Carolina was put into connection with the parent church. A supply of books was obtained from Helm- stadt, in the Duchy of Brunswick, and a call for sev- eral ministers to labor in North Carolina was preferred by Pastor Nussman to Dr. Velthusen. In 1787, the Rev. Christian Eberhard Bernhardt, a native of Stutt- gard, was sent to Rowan. His first charge was on Abbott's Creek, Davidson County, where he labored for a year. He afterwards labored for several years in Stokes, Forsyth, and Guilford Counties, and in 1800 removed to South Carolina.
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The year 1788 was signalized by the arrival in Rowan of one who may be called the apostle of the Lutheran Church in Rowan. This was the Rev. Carl August Gottlieb Storch. He was sent out by the Helmstadt Missionary Society, and was a native of Helmstadt, and educated at the University of that city. Upon his arrival he took charge of the Salisbury, Pine, and Organ Churches. The Pine Church -- 1.0W called Union-he soon resigned, and the next year began to preach in the "Irish Settlement," once a month, for which he was promised thirteen or fourteen pounds, about thirty-five dollars. His salary for the two churches of Salisbury and Organ was eighty pounds (£80), paper money, equal to two hundred dollars. The fees for funerals and marriage cere- monies averaged one dollar each, and may have amounted to fifty dollars annually, the whole amount- ing to nearly three hundred dollars. With the simple habits of those early days, and the cheapness of the necessaries of life, this salary of three hundred dollars was more liberal than the average minister's salary of these days. Besides having charge of these churches, Mr. Storch had charge of a small German school in Salisbury, and gave instructions in Hebrew to some pupils in the Salisbury Academy. Whether he re- alized any income from the schools is not known. Not long after this he married Miss Christine Beard, daughter of John Lewis Beard, and lived in the house on the corner of Main and Franklin Streets. After this he removed to what is now known as the Chilson place, one and a half miles east of Salisbury. A few
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