USA > Nebraska > Adams County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Adams, Clay, Hall and Hamilton counties, Nebraska, comprising a condensed history of the state, a number of biographies of distinguished citizens of the same, a brief descriptive history of each of the counties mentioned, and numerous biographical sketches of the citizens of such counties > Part 98
USA > Nebraska > Clay County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Adams, Clay, Hall and Hamilton counties, Nebraska, comprising a condensed history of the state, a number of biographies of distinguished citizens of the same, a brief descriptive history of each of the counties mentioned, and numerous biographical sketches of the citizens of such counties > Part 98
USA > Nebraska > Hall County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Adams, Clay, Hall and Hamilton counties, Nebraska, comprising a condensed history of the state, a number of biographies of distinguished citizens of the same, a brief descriptive history of each of the counties mentioned, and numerous biographical sketches of the citizens of such counties > Part 98
USA > Nebraska > Hamilton County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Adams, Clay, Hall and Hamilton counties, Nebraska, comprising a condensed history of the state, a number of biographies of distinguished citizens of the same, a brief descriptive history of each of the counties mentioned, and numerous biographical sketches of the citizens of such counties > Part 98
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580
HISTORY OF NEBRASKA.
this time music and the drama held court in the Liederkranz or Berth Halls. In 1889 the opera honse proper was refitted and refurnished. In October of that year it was opened by Keene. By May, 1884, there were six dwellings completed, each costing over $2,000; the Koenig brick block costing about $35,000; the public school building, $25,000; Wolbach Bros. & Held's brick block, $15,000; the Cleary, Berth, Berkenbuel & Conner block, $30,000; Mayor White's dwelling, $3, 500, and Lamkin's dwelling, $2,000. There were no less than 110 other buildings in course of construction. The Jamieson building on the Sass corner, Front Street, was commenced in August, 1885. The cost was estimated at $12,000. During the week end- ing August 2, 1885, the following business houses were completed: Meyer Bros.' liquor store, F. Pahl's saloon, Adam Windolph's livery, James Michelson's jewelry store, H. D. Boyden's drug store, Harrison & Rief's law and real-estate office, W. H. Michael's store, Prof. Berth's music hall and two stores, D. Jamieson's building and the Sis ter's Hospital. Five frame business houses were also completed. The Scarff building and the Kurka block on Third Street were commenced later. Late in the fall of 1885, Brewster Bros. and P. Tonhy's mercantile buildings, the Curtis Laundry and the Hall County Lumber Company's office were erected. Gns Koehler's fish pond, a novel industry in the southern part of the city, was stocked with German carp in 1885. This pond covers about three acres and is six feet in depth. Ott's ice house and fish and ice pond embraces ten acres near the Lehman Brewery; the brewery and the Wasmer ice pond were constructed in 1886.
In August, 1886, the Independent block was commenced for Fred Hedde, and the Williams & Kerr building commenced. The buildings and improvements of 1886 were valued at $640,000, while in 1887 the estimated value of buildings and improvements was placed at $855,000. The hospital of the Sisters of St. Francis was opened this year, and many old forms and methods of the " wild and woolly West" gave place to modern forms and methods. Free letter delivery was established
October 1, and during the month ending November 1 the carriers delivered 29,904 pieces of mail.
The corner-stone of the Soldiers' Home was placed October 20, 1887. John D. Moore was president of the day; Gov. John M. Thayer presided over the ceremony of placing the corner- stone; the Germania band and the drum corps furnished the music. A most attractive procession was had. The improvements under way or pro- jected for 1888 amounted to over $1,000,000. The greater number were brought into existence. In 1889-90 there were erected the following named large buildings: City hall, three-story, stone front, $40,000; A. O. U. W. Temple and John Wallichs' block, brick, $35,000; Bockoven & Connell's block, wholesale fruits, three stories, $20,000; Security State Bank, five stories, $35,000; additions to school-houses, $35,000; State Soldiers and Sailors' Home improvements, $125,600. In addition to these a system of sewerage, seven miles in length, was constructed, and the street railroad system donbled in mileage. In December work on the sugar factory was commenced and pushed forward without intermission during the winter.
In 1884 the bill providing for the establish - ment of a soldiers' home was passed. The first meeting to secure the location of the home for Grand Island was held in September, 1884, George Cornelius presiding, with S. P. Mobley secretary. J. O. West and Rev. P. C. Johnson, with Col. Leib and Rev. Williams as alternates, were ap- pointed a committee to wait upon the locating com - missioners at Dayton, Ohio, and Gen. John M. Thayer was invited to accompany them. They were authorized to offer 320 acres for a site. In April, 1887, the home was located three miles north of Grand Island on lands purchased by the citizens. The sum of $22,000 of the $25,600 paid for such lands was contributed within thirty- six hours. The State appropriated $30,000. Charles Rief, then Representative, was one of the leading workers in securing the location for this city. The corner-stone was placed October 20, 1887, by Gov. Thayer, as related' in subsequent pages, and the building was dedicated June 26, 1888. The first visiting and examining board of
5
HALL COUNTY.
581
the Soldiers' Home was appointed in April, 1887: Samuel B. Jones, Omaha; Ezra S. Howard, Edgar; W. S. Webster, Central City; Mrs. B. P. Cook, of Lincoln, and Mrs. L. A. Bates, of Aurora. John Hammond, of Columbus, was appointed comman- dant.
For the past eight years Grand Island has enjoyed the advantages of a free public library, with a large number of well-selected books. The library is supported by a tax levied upon city property. As in most cities the use of books is open to all, and the records show that the citizens duly appreciate and patronize the public library. In August, 1885, C. F. Bentley was elected presi dent of the library board. During the year then ended $859.98 was received from the 1-mill tax, and 649 volumes were on the shelves. The officers controlling this useful city department are named in the transactions of the city council.
In the records of county and city many refer. ences are made to that excellent Christian institu- tion, St. Francis Hospital. The Sisters of St. Francis purchased two acres from Charles Wasmer in May, 1885, in the western part of the city, and located their hospital there. The work of building was at once entered upon, and on August 22 Messrs. Hedde and Cleary reported $422 received for the hospital fund, which was paid over to Sister Mary Magdalena. Early in 1887 a present of drugs and medicines was made by Parke, Davis & Co., of Detroit, to this hospital. Dr. Gaban and Dr. Poe attended the patients without charge, and C. W. New superintended the construction of a laboratory. In May there were twenty-eight patients in the house. The new hospital building was dedicated June 29.
In the early years of the town, the local Grange or the immigration society of 1871-72 carried out many of the objects of a board of trade, and did much to point out the resources of the county and the opportunities of the town. The merchants club was organized in February, 1876, with Fred Hedde, president; R. C. Jordan, vice president; H. A. Koenig, treasurer; and T. J. Hurford, secretary. A mercantile association, in one form or another, has existed here since
centennial year - the board of trade being the present name of the organized merchants and traders. This board elected the following-named officers in Jaunary, 1885: C. W. Thomas, presi- dent; Fred Hedde, J. P. Kernohan and J. W. West, vice-presidents; Chris Schlotfeldt, corre spondent; Frank Sears, recorder; James Cleary, treasurer; H. A. Koenig, C. F. Bentley, John G. Schaupp and S. N. Wolbach were chosen direct- ors, while Edward Hooper was appointed to the vacancy in the vice-presidency, cansed by the death of E. R. Wiseman.
At this time (1885) twenty one through trains on the Union Pacific, four on the Grand Island & North Loup, six on the St. Joseph & Grand Island, and four on the Burlington & Missouri River-a total of thirty five trains, arrived and departed daily; 328 railroad employes receiving $19,934 per month resided here, and of this num- ber 121 men were employed in the car and machine shops. In 1886 there were 3,384 cars shipped, and 7,071 cars received over the Union Pacific and St. Joseph & Grand Island Railroads. There were 389 cars of coal, lumber and cattle, and 1,185 cars of miscellaneons goods received over the Burlington & Missouri River Railroad, while 201 cars of grain, 138 of live stock, and 1,139 of miscellaneous goods were shipped over the same road.
The total tonnage reported for the year ending October, 1888, was 455,456,780, of which the Union Pacific carried 422,717,761 tons and the St. Joseph & Grand Island 32,039,019 tons. This tonnage was largely increased in 1889, and will, it is thought, be doubled in 1890.
The officers of the board of trade in 1887-88 were J. W. West, president; H. A. Koenig, Charles Wasmer, Edward Hooper and J. D. Moore, vice- presidents; C. W. Scarff, secretary; Charles A. Wiebe, treasurer; M. Murphy, S. N. Wolbach, L. A. Pease and C. P. R. Williams, directors.
The Grand Island Improvement Company, re ferred to in other pages, is a branch of the board of trade.
The first post-office was established in 1866, with D. Schuller, master. W. R. McAllister,
6
582
HISTORY OF NEBRASKA.
who in 1867 established his business at Grand Island, was appointed postmaster in 1868 at a salary of $1 per month. When he resigned the office in 1878 it was paying him $1,400 per annum.
C. P. R. Williams succeeded Mr. McAllister July 1, 1879, followed by C. L. Howell April 1. 1883, and he in turn was succeeded by Lafayette Myers May 1, 1887. Mr. Myers brought the office to a high state of efficiency. On October 1, 1887, the free letter delivery system was introduced. During the last three months of that year there were 98,378 pieces delivered and 19,191 pieces of mail matter collected. The revenue for the year was $11,260.82, and the expenses of the office $4,167.03. Four carriers were employed, making three deliveries of mail each day in the business portion of the city and two in the residence part.
In January, 1890, M. Murphy succeeded Mr. Myers. His bond for $24,000 was signed by S. N. Wolbach, J. M. Marsh, George H. Thummel, J. D. Moore, Patrick Dunphy and C. W. Thomas.
The assistants in the office in January, 1890, were F. O. Roeser, assistant postmaster; Chris Woelz, mailing clerk, and Miss Tonie Wasmer, delivery clerk. The letter carriers are G. Ą. Mc- Connell, Levi Matchet, William Ivers and B. F. Gardner.
The pioneer banking house of this section of Nebraska was the State Central Bank, the history of which is given on other pages. Henry A. Koenig, the founder, settled here in 1862, and in 1867 erected the State Central Flouring Mills, opened the first lumber yard in the village, and in 1871 established this bank. The Citizen's National Bank is the new name of this old institution. Henry A. Koenig is president; George A. Mohren- stecher, cashier; William A. Hagge, vice-presi- dent, and W. M. Geddes, assistant cashier. They, with John L. Means, O. W. Abbott, Gustave Koehler and A. H. Baker, form the board of directors. The capital is $60,000.
The Grand Island Banking Company was organized in 1879 and incorporated in January, 1880, with S. A. Peterson, G. A. Parker, C. P. Parker, J. P. Kernohan, J. G. Glazier and J. E. Hopper, stockholders. C. P. Parker was succeeded
as president of the company by S. A. Peterson, and J. P. Kernohan, the first cashier, by George B. Bell. The present number of members is twenty- seven. The cash capital is $110,000.
The private banking house of C. F. Bentley was established early in 1880.
The First National Bank was founded in 1882, articles of association executed July 14, and a United States charter issued September 23, 1882, with S. N. Wolbach, president; C. F. Bentley, cashier, and D. H. Vieths, assistant cashier. The capital was placed at $100,000. The directors are John Reimers, Patrick Dunphy, Hiram J. Palmer, William J. Burger, C. W. Thomas, Samuel N. Wolbach, Charles F. Bentley.
The original stockholders were S. N. Wolbach .* Patrick Dunphy,* Fred Hedde, John L. Means, Patrick Touhey, Henry Mayer, W. J. Burger,* C. F. Bentley,* Richard Phelan, G. H. Andrew, J. N. Murphy, J. D. P. Hutchins, N. J. Palmer, C. W. Thomas,* Charles Milisen, A. Stewart, H. C. Held, J. R. Thompson, A. L. Stevenson, M. Horn, A. D. Sears and James Hall.
J. M. Marsh returned in February, 1890, from Chicago, Omaha and Kansas City, where he had been securing bank stock for the American National Bank to be erected here within the next four months. It will consist of an iron front, and be built of sandstone from Colorado. It will be locat- ed on the corner of Locust and Third Streets, now occupied by Tucker & Brown's drug store.
The first meeting of the Grand Island Building & Loan Association, August 29, 1881, was held at the office of Jay E. White. At this meeting a com- mittee was appointed to draft a constitution for the association, which was adopted. The first regular meeting was held Jannary 9, 1882, when the fol- lowing officers and board of directors were elected: J. D. Moore, president; B. C. Howard, vice-presi- dent; J. E. White, secretary; M. Murphy, treas- urer; M. J. Gahan, L. M. Bryan, C. L. Howell, D. Ackerman, William Anyan, H. L. MeMeans and Frank Guenther, directors. The original members were L. M. Bryan, S. W. Smith, M. J. Gahan, B.
*The directors include the members marked * and John Reimers.
583
HALL COUNTY.
C. Howard, Frank Sears, Clara A. Sears, A. A. Sawyer, A. D. Sears, C. L. Howell, M. Murphy, A. H. Wilhelm, A. Humphrey, C. B. Handy, D. Ackerman, John Riss, C. E. Schanlan, P. D. Thompson, Francis Lang, Frank Guenther, Jay E. White, H. L. McMeans, J. D. Moore, William Anyan, B. Berry, O. A. Abbott, H. O. Brown, H. D. Boyden, E. W. McAllister, John Henderson, Emiline Henderson, Peter Janss, G. H. Thummel. F. C. Collins, E. F. Kerr, G. H. Caldwell, C. E. Lykke, J. H. Wilsey, Monroe Taylor, Jacob Giese, E. A. Richardson, S. B. Reynard, H. L. Burket, F. M. Bacon and C. P. R. Williams.
The profits reported in the first annual state- ment, January 6, 1883, amount to $7,123.25; in the second, $7,538.50; in the third, $7,620.20; in the fourth, $7,043.80; in the fifth, $8,070.05; in the sixth, $11,044.30; in the seventh, $9, 240.80, and in the eighth, published January 1, 1890. $13,602.15. The total receipts for 1889 amounted to $33,723.20, and the total expense to $398.30, including secretary's salary. B. C. Howard was president in 1886, and W. E. Robinson, secretary. In 1888 S. D. Ross was secretary. In 1889 Frank Sears succeeded M. Murphy as treasurer, and on January 13, 1890, Henry A. Koenig succeeded M. Murphy. The directory comprises D. Ackerman, C. W. Brininger, W. B. Carey, C. B. Handy, G. H. Geddes, James Cleary and A. C. Lederman.
1
The Security State Bank ranks among the first financial houses of the city. H. A. Pike, of Bos- ton, is president; F. W. Barber, vice president and acting president, and O. B. Thompson, cashier. They, with T. R. White, Jr., of New York, W. R. Bacon, P. Janss and J. F. Zediker, are directors. The new building erected in the winter of 1889-90 for this company is metropolitan in character. The estimated cost is $35,000.
The Peoples' Building & Loan Association was organized in June, 1885, with W. R. McAllister, J. G. Raine, J. H. Mullin, J. Withers, W. H. Thompson, E. W. McAllister, W. T. Chapin, J. C. Pederson and George E. Winn, directors.
.
The Bank of Commerce was incorporated April 1, 1887, with a capital stock of $50,000. T. P. Lanigan was elected president; J. D. Moore, vice-
president; J. M. Marsh, cashier, who has held that position to the present. The corner room in the Scarff building was leased for the purpose of the business, and the bank was opened May 4 that year. J. D. Moore was chosen president to suc- ceed Mr. Lanigan, and he was succeeded by E. L. Dodder, Sr. F. B. Tiffany is one of the directors. The Scarff building was subsequently purchased by the banking company. The present number of stockholders is fifty two, comprising a number of the best citizens. The capital is $150,000.
The Grand Island Savings & Loan Association, the Union Investment Company, the St. Joseph Loan & Trust Company, the National Building, Loan and Protective Union, the American Invest- ment Company of New Hampshire (J. F. Zediker, agent), the American Investment Company of Em- mettsburg, Iowa (R. C. Glenville, agent), and the Anglo American Loan & Trust Company (D. C. Zink, agent) all do a large business here.
The United States Investment Company was incorporated April 18, 1887, with H. A. Koenig, A. H. Baker, O. B. Thompson, William Hagge, O. A. Abbott, C. A. Van Wasmer and Gustave Koehler, stockholders. The capital stock was placed at $250,000.
H. E. Clifford, Dill & Huston, W. R. Bacon, Ross & Brininger, W. A. Heimberger, J. H. Wilsey, Thummel & Platt, Dings & Reaugh, Charles Rief, Thompson Brothers, T. A. Hathaway, Frank & Williams, W. S. Hayman, L. J. Traynor, W. A. Whitney, C. H. Baily and others are engaged in the money-loaning trade.
Protection Fire Company No. 1 was organized June 8, 1874, with C. P. Henderson, foreman; N. P. Kelly and T. C. McCoy, assistants; E. Tomlin- son, secretary, and James Cleary, treasurer. S. N. Wolbach, James Cleary and J. B. Davis, with the officers named, were chosen trustees. The constitution was signed by thirty-three members. The Hook and Ladder Company was organized August 1, 1874, with W. J. Cuddy, foreman; P. Dunphy and H. Bauman, assistants; W. F. Der- ing, treasurer; Joseph Jeneman, secretary. In 1876 there were twenty-five members, with John Kraft, chief. The voluntary system was carried
584
HISTORY OF NEBRASKA.
on for some years until the city exercised control. In March, 1884, Ch. Nielson, W. Cornelius Ch. Guenther, Th. Zimmerman, H. Henk and F. Kruse were elected officers of the Hook and Ladder Com- pany. John Riss was captain, succeeding Millisen. The fire department was then presided over by Nabel, with C. L. Howard, assistant. W. R. Mc- Allister and A. C. Lederman were members of Pacific Hose Company. The Fireman's Tourna- ment was held here in August, 1885. The Fitz. geralds, of Lincoln, almost won the prize, as they did in Omaha in 1884, but the Fremonts carried it.
The officers of the fire department elected in March, 1886, were John Matthews, chief; A. C. Lederman, assistant; J. H. Mullin, secretary, and John P. Voitle, treasurer.
Protection Hose Company No. 2 completed or- ganization in June. 1886, with E. C. McCashland, president; W. F. Mclaughlin, foreman; D. C. Zink, H. B. Groff, assistant foremen; C. Milisen, secretary; S. Elliot, treasurer; E. Dawson, George Hunter and G. H. Geddes, trustees. In March, 1887, H. C. Miller was chosen president of the fire department; John A. Matthews, chief; William Mclaughlin, assistant; John Voitle, second assist- ant; J. W. Bartholomew, secretary, rice Charles L. Haux, and David Zink, treasurer. In 1889 W. R. McAllister was president; D. C. Zink, secretary; J. A. Matthews, chief. Pacific Hose Company No. 1 was presided over by George Furstenhofer; Pro- tection Engine Company by D. C. Zink; Protec- tion Hose Company by John Randolph; Ott Hose Company by William Cornelius, and Hook and Ladder Company by Fred Bohan.
The first destruction of property by fire was that of the old Grand Island settlement, referred to in the chapter on pioneers. Engel & Siegmund's pearl barley mill was destroyed by fire in January, 1876. The mill was erected in 1875 at a cost of $5,000. With the exception of the Union Pacific Railroad water tank structure, this was the first conflagration since the town was founded in 1866. An attempt to burn West's store and the Grange Hall at this time was frustrated by James Cleary. The fire of December 11. 1884, originated in the basement of James Cleary's store. The thorough
work of the fire department saved the block owned by Cleary and the Grand Island Banking Company. Schaupp's mill w is burned to the ground June 3, 1886. Wilsey's barn and five blooded horses, the property of George Cudney, were destroyed by fire in November, 1887. A fire at the car shops was controlled. The fire of March, 1888, originated in the Wiebe store. The fire apparatus of the Independent building was brought into action, with the result of saving much property. The Touhy building on West Third Street, occupied by I. H. Waldron, was destroyed by fire April 29, 1888. Rollins' feed-mill, built in July, 1888, was destroyed by fire July 29, that year. The creamery building was struck by lightning and destroyed. With the exception of the Sass Hotel, Engels' mill, Schaupp's mill, Rollins' mill, and the creamery, Grand Island may be said to be free from fires. The Douglass & Cass lumber yard was burned September 29, 1888. Four horses and other property with $7,000 worth of lumber were reduced to ashes.
The city now boasts of the car and machine shops with a pay roll of between $20,000 and $30,- 000 per month, a canning factory built entirely of brick and employing from 300 to 400 hands during the season, and consuming the products of about 2,500 acres of ground, three flouring-mills, one brewery, five cigar factories, employing about sixty hands the year round, a foundry, the capac- ity of which is just now being doubled, two gas works, electric light works, one of the finest creameries in the State with permanent brick build- ings, sash and blind factory, a broom factory, two soda water factories and bottling establishments, three of the finest ice lakes in the State, two ma- chine shops and a number of smaller manufactur- ing institutions, supplemented by the most exten- sive beet sugar manufactory and refinery in the United States.
The pioneer milling industry west of Fort Cal- houn (except the old water-mill) was the State Central Flouring Mill, established in 1867, by H A. Koenig, which in February, 1884, became the property of Henry Glade.
In 1870 the Hurley & Jones brick yards, on Prairie Creek, five miles north of the city, were
585
opened and the poor brick produced sold at $15 per 1,000. The yards do not appear to have been in existence when the court-house was built, for the brick used in that structure were freighted from Omaha.
In October, 1878, a wagon shop and foundry were established by Hooper & Ferguson, and pur- chased by the former in 1881.
In 1880 the Union Pacific shops were located at this point, and the work of building at once en- tered upon. By the close of 1881 the machine, blacksmith and car shops were finished. These shops are the most valuable and extensive in the State. The three buildings, together with their machinery, cost $350,000. In them about 400 men are employed. A description of the shops is as follows: Car shop-Material, stone; roof, slate; size main building, 100x162 feet; size of L, 100x127 feet; size of engine room, 50x50 feet; height of building, 22 feet; size of tank, 7x12 feet and an eighty-horse-power engine. Machine shop-Main building, 100x150 feet; engine room, 50x50 feet; height, 22 feet; tank, 7x12 feet and an eighty- horse-power engine. Blacksmith shop-Size, 75x 150 feet; height, 22 feet; 24 forges. The Union Pacific rail mill, located in this city, works over damaged steel rails. It has two stationary boilers, with a combined capacity of 210-horse-power and an 80-horse-power duplex Corliss engine. This plant cost $80,000, employs from twenty-four to thirty-six men, and is the only mill of the kind in the State of Nebraska. Here are fitted up all the rails for the branch lines of the Union Pacific sys- tem.
The Grand Island Creamery Company was or- ganized in March, 1884, with J. W. Liveringhouse, president; J. P. Kernohan, vice-president; J. E. Jewett, secretary, and J. H. Wethers, treasurer.
The Gas and Electric Light Company was or- ganized in July, 1884, with George H. Thummel, president; H. A. Koenig, vice-president; Dr. M. J. Gahan, secretary, and Chris Wasmer, treasurer. Henry Miller is now superintendent.
The manufacturing industries employing steam . power in 1885 were Schanpp's Planet Roller Mills, Glade's mill, Peterson's mill, Gardner's
feed-mill, Merrill's feed-mill, Union Pacific rail mill, Union Pacific machine shops, Union Pacific car shops, sash factory, Hooper's foundry and State Central Brewery. In Wasmer's and in Wiseman's elevators steam-power was also used as well as in the electric light works, bottling works, Independent office, Week's job office and the city laundry. Blunk's flour and meal mills, south of the city, were operated by water-power.
Boehm's State Central brewery is operated by Andrew Ott. It is one of the leading industries of this class in the State.
The Grand Island Canning Company filed articles of incorporation March 14, 1887. The subscribers were O. B. Thompson, C. W. Scarff, William A. Hagge, C. A. Van Wasmer, T. J. Hur- ford, Charles Wasmer and J. D. Moore.
The corporators of the Street Railroad Com- pany were O. A. Abbott, I. R. Alter, Henry A. Koenig, William Hagge, A. H. Baker, O. B. Thompson and C. W. Scarff.
The Grand Island Gas Company was incorpo- rated March 21, 1887, with A. S. Maxwell, Sam- uel N. Wolbach and John L. Means, stockholders. Mr. Maxwell is managing director.
The Grand Island Light and Fuel Company also mannfacture gas.
In the line of manufacturing industries Grand Island had the following named industries in 1887:
INDUSTRIES.
Cost of l'lant.
No. of Men Empl'd.
Union Pacific car shops.
$350,000
500
Union Pacific steel rait mill.
80,000
Canning factory
30,000
250
Two roller four-mills
60,000
40
Creamery
25,000
16
Brewery
50,000
Blank book making, printing, etc.
60,000
Furniture factory
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