USA > New Hampshire > Merrimack County > Concord > The history of Concord : from its first grant in 1725, to the organization of the city government in 1853, with a history of the ancient Penacooks ; the whole interspersed with numerous interesting incidents and anecdotes, down to the present period, 1885 > Part 1
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GA
1800
Glass
Book
COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT
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K Bouton.
THE
HISTORY OF CONCORD,
FROM ITS
FIRST GRANT IN 1725,
TO THE
ORGANIZATION OF THE CITY GOVERNMENT IN 1853,
WITH A HISTORY OF
THE ANCIENT PENACOOKS.
THE WHOLE INTERSPERSED WITH
NUMEROUS INTERESTING INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES,
DOWN TO THE PRESENT PERIOD, 1855;
EMBELLISHED WITH MAPS;
WITII PORTRAITS OF DISTINGUISHED CITIZENS, AND VIEWS OF ANCIENT AND MODERN RESIDENCES.
" This shall be written for the generations to come."
BY NATHANIEL BOUTON, it
Pastor of the First Congregational Church in Concord.
CONCORD : PUBLISHED BY ' BENNING W. SANBORN. 1856.
MCFARLAND & JENKS, PRINTERS.
Entered according to act of Congress, in the year 1855, BY NATHANIEL BOUTON, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of New - Hampshire. F:1
TO
THE INHABITANTS OF CONCORD
IN GENERAL;
TO THE DESCENDANTS OF THE ORIGINAL SETTLERS,
AND TO ALL WHO FORMERLY HAD RESIDENCE HERE,
BUT ARE NOW LOCATED IN DIFFERENT SECTIONS OF OUR COMMON COUNTRY,
THIS HISTORY
IS VERY RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED,
BY THEIR FRIEND,
THE AUTHOR.
LIST AND LOCATION OF ENGRAVINGS.
I. PORTRAIT OF THE AUTHOR, (facing title page.) PAGE.
2. MAP OF CONCORD, (unbound - following title page.)
121
3. FIRST SURVEY OF HOUSE AND HOME LOTS, . 152
4. FAC-SIMILE OF PETITION, 1744, 167
5. THE BRADLEY MONUMENT,
6. PLAN OF RUMFORD AND BOW, . 207
7. VIEW OF LOG MEETING-HOUSE, 1727, 230
8. PLAN OF MAIN STREET, 1798, . 297
9. THE OLD TOWN-HOUSE, . 306
10. THE OLD NORTH MEETING-HOUSE, 34I
HI. THE FIRST UNITARIAN CHURCH, 407
12. JUDGE UPHAM'S HOUSE, 410
13. METHODIST MEETING-HOUSE, 413
14. SOUTH CONGREGATIONAL MEETING-HOUSE, 437
15. ST. PAUL'S CHURCH, . 443
16. FIRST UNIVERSALIST CHURCHI, . 447
17. NORTH CONGREGATIONAL MEETING-HOUSE, 451
18. MAJ. DANIEL LIVERMORE'S, OR DR. BOUTON'S HOUSE, . . 517
19. JACOB HOYT'S HOUSE, 519
20. SNOW-SHOES, . . 527
21. OLD HAY-SCALES, 539
22. HOUSE OF SAMUEL COFFIN, ESQ. ; THE ELM TREE, 548
23. VIEW OF THE STICKNEY HOUSE AND ELMS, . 540
24. VIEW OF THE ANCIENT WALKER MANSION, 557
25. COUNT RUMFORD'S BIRTH-PLACE, WOBURN, MASS. 570
26. PORTRAIT OF "THE COUNTESS," 572
27. THE " GAMBREL ROOF," OR BRADLEY HOUSE, 576
28. PORTRAIT OF REV. ASA MCFARLAND, D. D., 582
29. PORTRAIT OF JONATHAN EASTMAN, ESQ., 590
30. PORTRAIT OF COL. WM. A. KENT, . 593
31. PORTRAIT GOV. ISAAC HILL, 600
32. PORTRAIT OF MR. ABEL HUTCHINS, 603
33. VIEW OF FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH, 611
34. VIEW OF PLEASANT STREET BAPTIST CHURCH, 618
35. PORTRAIT OF ISAAC DOW, ESQ., . 644
36. PORTRAIT OF CAPT. JOHN EASTMAN, . 647
37. PORTRAIT OF OLD MRS. ELLIOT, . 65]
38. PORTRAIT OF MR. BENJAMIN GALE, 663
39. THE HERBERT HOUSE, 665
40. PORTRAIT OF MR. RICHARD HERBERT, . . 668
41. PORTRAIT OF DEA. JOIN KIMBALL, 675
42. PORTRAIT OF MR. WILLIAM LOW, 678
43. PORTRAIT OF MR. ABIEL WALKER, 690
44. COL. BENJAMIN GROVER'S HOUSE, . . 743
1743
TO THE READER.
IN preparing this History, I have availed myself of all the information I could gather -from whatever source-during a residence and ministry in Concord of more than thirty years. My attention was first directed to the subject of a history of the town, while collecting materials for a centennial discourse preached in November, 1830. Many of the facts embodied in this History were treasured up at the time of their occurrence ; others have been carefully collected from the recitals of aged citizens and others, well acquainted with the affairs of the town, and from newspapers of the current period ; but the greater part was derived from original records and docu- ments in the office of the Town Clerk, the Secretary of State, or in the archives of the New-Hampshire Historical Society, and from choice family papers which have been generously placed in my hands. For the aid and encouragement I have had in prosecuting the work, I acknowledge my obli- gations to my fellow-citizens, for the liberal appropriation of three hundred dollars, in March, 1853, towards the publication of portions of " the original Proprietors' and Town Records." I am under especial obligations to the Committee, at that time appointed, viz .: Hon. Nathaniel B. Baker, Jona- than Eastman and Joseph B. Walker, Esqrs., for their counsel and coope- ration ; also, to his Honor the first Mayor, General Joseph Low, and the City Council, for appropriating the sum of one hundred and fifty dollars, to procure maps and engravings for the illustration of the work. I hereby express my particular obligations to all those who have communicated to me, verbally or in writing, information on various topics. Especially I am indebted to Richard Bradley and Nathan Stickney,* Esqrs., and General Robert Davis, for valuable information relative to the civil affairs of the town, with which they have long been intimately acquainted; to Capt. Benjamin Parker and Stephen C. Badger, Esq., two experienced surveyors, for the exact description they have given of localities and distances-to the latter of whom belongs the honor of the beautiful and accurate Map of the City, which accompanies this History. I am greatly obliged to Moody Kent, Esq., for an account of the ancient trees which are the ornament of
* Mr. Stickney deceased Oct. 29, 1855-an eminently useful, respected and honored citizen. See " List of Officers."
2
TO THE READER.
our main village, and for many important facts respecting professional men who are deceased ; to William Prescott, M. D., for his contributions to the chapter upon Physical History; to Jacob Hoyt and George Abbot, Esqrs., Mr. Simeon Abbot and Mr. Benjamin Rolfe, for the entertaining incidents and anecdotes they have furnished relative to ancient times ; and to the gentle- men who have aided me in the difficult work of preparing the genealogy of families, whose names I have the honor to mention in that connection. The genealogy of the Eastman family was chiefly prepared by Rev. Daniel Lancaster, who also aided in preparing the account of lawyers, physicians and graduates. My acknowledgments are due to Hon. Chandler E. Potter, of Manchester, for friendly aid in furnishing me copies of original docu- ments, and even more to a young lady of our own city, for results of her careful researches into our Indian history, and for her cheerful services in examining and copying ancient papers and records. I owe many thanks to George Kent, Esq., of Bangor, Me., for some entertaining reminiscences of ancient men, who have passed off the stage, but whose "words" and "works" live after them. As I am, personally, so are all the readers of this History, indebted to the individuals who have gratuitously furnished views of residences or portraits of the distinguished citizens that adorn the pages of the volume. The cost of all the engravings executed expressly for this History and presented for insertion in it, amounts to more than seven hundred dollars. I have the honor to acknowledge the liberal dona- tion of James F. Baldwin, Esq., of Boston, of twelve hundred lithographic prints of the "Rumford House," in Woburn, Mass., and also an equal number of copper-plate portraits of "the Countess," lately deceased. Whatever value may be attached to the engraving in front of the title, must be accredited to ladies of the parish, at whose request and by whose generous subscription it was procured. This volume is said to be the larg- est and most costly original work ever issued from a New-Hampshire press. A discerning public need not be told to whom they are indebted for the superior style of typography in which the volume is presented to them. Last, but not least, the author is grateful to the compositors, for their patience and skill in decyphering much "bad copy."
In the arrangement and execution of the work, I have aimed at perspi- cuity, precision, impartiality and accuracy. That no errors will be found in it, would be almost presumptuous to expect. Some have already been detected, and marked as errata, which the reader is desired at once to cor- rect. The work is arranged so as to correspond with the changes in the name and civil relations of the town, while the chronological order is observed. Each portion of the History is designed to be complete in itself. For example, the Indian History, the Proprietary History, the Bow Controversy and the Revolutionary Period, form each a distinct chapter- and so of the rest. It will also be perceived that in the several decennial periods I have given in each chapter, 1. The Civil History of the Town, authenticated by records ; 2. Miscellaneous matters, and, 3. A list of town officers within the same period.
3
TO THE READER.
In preparing the index of names at the end of the volume, I have in- tended to put down every name mentioned in the body of the work, from the Indian History to the beginning of the Genealogical Section, p. 619, except those in the List of Officers. If a reader wishes to ascertain what OFFICE a particular person held in the town, he must examine the list per- taining to the period in which the person was engaged in the duties of civil life ; or, if one wishes to find a particular FAMILY name, he must turn to the Genealogy, and examine it in its alphabetical order. So of Lawyers, Physicians and Graduates. The Table of Contents in the first part of the volume will exhibit the leading subjects of each chapter and section.
I have only to add, that as the preparation of the work has cost much labor, in addition to the duties of my profession, so it will afford me great pleasure, should it meet the reasonable expectations of my fellow-citizens ; especially, should it enhance our estimate of the privileges and blessings derived from the original proprietors and settlers of the town, and attach us more strongly to the moral and religious principles and habits which distinguished them. Verily, "Our lines are fallen unto us in pleasant places ; yea, we have a goodly heritage." Be it our aim, with the Divine blessing, to transmit it to future generations !
CONCORD, N. H., 1855.
NATHANIEL BOUTON.
NOTE. Upon a careful revision of the printed pages of this History, the author has discovered a number of errors-some of which it is very impor- tant to correct. They are all noted as " ERRATA," on the last page of the volume, before the Index, to which readers are respectfully requested to turn and make the necessary corrections. Should readers discover other errors, they are requested to make them known to the author. His chief fear is, that he may be censured for the omission of facts of which he had no means of knowledge.
In transcribing the Proprietors' Records, a few, mostly unimportant, mis- takes occurred, which will also be found corrected on the last page. The certificate from Jonathan Eastman, Esq., Proprietors' Clerk, entitles the printed Records to authority, as legal evidence.
INTRODUCTION.
THE author begs leave to introduce the His- | Merrimack ; thence, following up the Merri- tory of Concord to his readers, by requesting their attention to the beautiful and accurate Map which accompanies it, and to observe the boundaries, prominent localities and ob- jects there laid down, a brief explanation and description of which here follows.
PENACOOK was the ancient naine of a tract of country extending along the Merrimack river about ten or twelve miles on both sides, from the Soucook, or perhaps Suncook, to the Contoocook river, but of undefined width from east to west .* The name in ancient re- cords and documents is variously spelled ;- for example-Penny Cooke, Penny Cook, Pen- necooke, Pennecook, Pennicook, Penicook, Pen- kook. The late Jobn Farmer, Esq., uniformly wrote it Penacook, and as the name, thus spelled, is now incorporated into various pub- lic works t of standard valne, I have adopted the same orthography.
CONCORD, the modern name for the ancient Penacook, is at this time a city; tho shire town of Merrimack County, and Capital of the State of New-Hampshire. It is situated near the centre of the State from east to west ; about fifty miles from the Atlantic coast, and the same distance to the Connecticut river. Its latitude is 43º 1?' north ; longitude 5° 47' 30" east from Washington city, and sixty- two miles north, 22º west of Boston. lis boundaries and extent, as laid down on the map, are as follows: Commencing at the north-west corner, thence north 75° east, on Boscawen, 4 iniles and 91 rods to the south- east bound of Boscawen ; thence, commenc- ing at the south-west bound of Canterbury, on the east bank of the Merrimack river, north 72° east, 3 miles and 124 reds ; thence, on Canterbury line south 18º east, 192 rods, to Loudon line ; thence, the same course on Lou- don line, 2 miles and 3 rods, to the ancient Bow gore ; thence, south 45º east, 2 miles and 284 rods, to the Soucook rivert : thence, the middle of said river to its junction with the
mack river to the old Rumford line, about two miles and a half ; thence on Bow, south 72º west, 4 miles and 134 rods; thence, on Bow north, 18° west, 328 rods ; thence north, 17º west, on Hopkinton line, 3 miles and 251 rods, to Beach Ilill road ; thence north 1612º west, 2 miles and 201 rods, to Contoocook river ; thence north 15° west, 234 rods, to the first bound. Moro concisely, Concord is bounded north-westerly by Boscawen and Canterbury ; north-east by London ; south-east by Pem- broke; south by Bow ; south-westerly by Hopkinton, and contains about 40,000 acres.
LOCALITIES,
WHICH ARE FREQUENTLY REFERRED TO IN THE COURSE OF THE HISTORY.
Names and description of Localities on the west side of Merrimack river.
1. IlORSE-HILL, is the name of the territory included in School District No. I, lying north- erly of Contoocook river ;- so called from the practice, in early times of the settlement, of turning young horses and cattle there to pas- ture, in spring and summer. Oliver Hoit was the first settler there, in 1772.
2. MAST-YARD, on the Contoocook river, about a mile and a half from Horse-hill bridge ; so called from the heavy timber that used to be hauled thither from adjacent forests and rolled into the river, to be floated thence into the Merrimack and down to the Atlantic ocean. Opposite Mast-yard, about a mile sontherly, is Broad Cove, in School District No. 4.
3. DAGODY, Or DAGODON HILL and BROOK, on or near the northerly boundary line be- tween Concord and Boscawen ; - so called from a man named Dagodon, who formerly resided there. The brook is famous for trout fishing Lieut. Marshall Baker, when a young man, on a fishing excursion to this brook, in his haste to catch a large mess, took off his pants, tied a string around the bottom of the legs, buttoning the waist-band and opening them with sticks, set them for a fish-pot at the mouth of a little dam which he threw up : then driving the fish down the stream, he caught in a short time about ninety fine { tront, one weighing over three pounds.
* See Document for Chap. II., No. I ; com- pare with p. 55.
+ See Farmer's edition of Belknap's Hist. of New-Hampshire ; his Genealogical Register, &c.
# Some surveys make this line a few rods more, and some a few rods less.
5
INTRODUCTION.
4. Within the Horse-hill territory, partly in Boscawen, is a LITTLE POND, sometimes call- ed Catamount, abounding more with snakes and turtles than with fishes.
5. The BOROUGH, School District No. 2, settled originally by the Elliots : now the res- idence of old Mrs. Lydia Elliot, at the age of 102 years. Among the ancient men distin- guished in this locality in former times, and known by their honorary titles, were " Gov- ernor Elliot," " Lawyer Elliot," and " Judge Baker," grandfather of Ilis Excellency Na- thaniel B. Baker.
6. HOYT'S BROOK, which crosses the road to Boscawen, about one inile south of Fisher- ville.
7. BEAVER-MEADOW BROOK, about a mile south of Iloyt's Brook. Near this is Beaver- meadow bog road to Ilorse-hill.
8. SAND-BANKS, about a half mile easterly from lloyt's brook, where logs and timber were rolled into Merrimack river. Capt. Jo- seph Pratt, of Orford, with a two-horse sleigh, drove off this bank one night, by accident, and, though precipitated to the bottom, es- caped without material injury.
9. HORSEING-DOWNS, was the name given to a long, narrow neck of land, lying at the foot of sand-banks, on the east side, as the river formerly run, but since cut off by turning the river for the track of the Northern rail- road ; better known now as Goodwin's Point.
10. DUSTIN'S ISLAND, at the mouth of Con- toocook river-the scene of the famous exploit of Mrs. Hannah Dustin, who killed and scalp- ed her Indian captors.
11. SEWALL'S ISLAND and FALLS, SO called from Judge Samuel Sewall, of Massachusetts, who formerly owned the premises.
12. RATTLESNAKE BROOK, running from Long Pond through West village.
13. RATTLESNAKE IHILL, so called on ac- count of the snakes of this species that for- merly had their dens here-well known now as Granite Hill, about two miles north-west- erly from the main village.
14. PARSONAGE HILL, so called from the eighty acre lot laid off to the parsonage right, west of Isaac Farnum's.
15. LONG POND. [See ponds, page 542.]
16. PINE HILL, belonging to the farms of Nathan K. and Jeremiah S. Abbot, west of Long Pond; is estimated to be the highest point of land in Concord.
17. South and westerly of Long Pond is a range of hills, of which the highest is " JER- RY's HILL," so called from Jerry, or Jeremiah Bradley, who formerly owned the land. From the summit of this hill a grand and pictur- esque view is had far to the north and east, taking in the Franconia Mountains, White Hills, Red Hill-and on the south-west the grand Monadnock. North of Jerry's is a hill having a large and curious cave on the south- west side of it.
18. " LITTLE POND," or District No. 6, is so called from a small pond, situated north- east of Nathan Ballard's, Esq. This neighbor- hood was settled about 1789, by Nathan Bal- lard, Nathan and Henry Chandler, and Eben Fisk, on farms bought of the estate of Col. Paul Rolfe.
19. BEACH HILL, on the westerly line he- tween Concord and Hopkinton ; - so called from the abundant beach wood there found.
20. DIMOND's HILL, about four miles west- erly of the main village, on Hopkinton road ; so called from Ezekiel Dimond, a large land- street.
owner, who formerly resided on or near the place where Joseph S. Abbot now lives. In 1828 Mr. Nathan Call moved a two-story dwelling-house, thirty by forty feet, on wheels, with forty yoke of oxen, from Hopkinton to Concord .* In descending this hill, then much steeper than at the present time, he put three yoke of oxen before, and the remainder be- hind, to hold back. It took four days to move the house-the distance was about five miles.
21. ASH BROOK, running at the foot of Di- mond's hill, through the farm of Atkinson Webster, Esq., into little Turkey pond.
22. FUSH MARKET, on the Hopkinton road, three miles from Main street ; origin of name not known. Long distinguished for excellent brick and earthen ware there manufactured.
23. POWELL's HOOK-at the ravine near the upper mills, in Millville ; so called from one Powell, a drummer, who lived near there.
24. MILLVILLE, a name recently given to the settlement where Moses Shute, Esq., re- sides, including the house and land of Dr. Geo. C. Shattuck, of Boston :- which house was the first of brick in Concord, and was built by Jacob Carter, father of Jacob Carter, now Post-master. This house and farm were recently given by Dr. Shattuck for the pur- pose of a School, to be called " St. Paul's School."
25. RUNNELLS' MILLS, were situated on the stream from Great Turkey to Little Turkey pond, on the road to Stickney's Ilill. For- merly well known, these mills have fallen into entire decay. STICKNEY's HILL, about a mile south-west of Runnells' mills, so call- ed from settlers of that name.
26. BOG ROAD, running from Concord thro' the bogs of Turkey Pond to James Hall's ; thence to Dunbarton. Before reaching Mr. Hall's this road crosses Tury brook and Pe- ter's or Bela's brook,-the latter so called from former owners of land.
27. RUM HILL, including the high land N. westerly of road to Hopkinton, owned by Benjamin Gale and others, about a mile and a half from the State House ; so called from a drunken carousal and fight which took place there in early times, at a coal-pit.
28. ELEVEN LOTS, extending, according to the first survey, from the residence of the late Countess of Rumford to near the old Bow line.
29. THE BEND, (that is, in Merrimack riv- er,) near the southern boundary line, and tak- ing in a small section of Bow. On the bank at this bend is a beautiful view, north, of the Main village.
30. IRON WORKS, south-west part of the town, including Sch. District No. 18. In the Revolutionary War the " Iron Works" were owned by Daniel Carter, Daniel Gale and Dr. Philip Carrigain. A forge was built in the lot easterly of the bridge which now crosses Turkey River, where iron was wrought from native ore.
31. FROG PONDS, on the interval east of the residence of the late Gov. Hill, who owned the premises and made various exporiments to improve them. Name derived from the " se- renades" of their principal inhabitants.
32. ITALE'S POINT, the extreme point of land on "Ferry Road," by Richard Herbert's- named from Joseph Hale, who in early times owned the land. From the "Point" across
* This house now stands on the east side of State street, second house south of Pleasant
6
INTRODUCTION.
the river was formerly a ferry, extensively known as Kimball's Ferry. Ilale's point was cut off by a great freshet about 1831, and the ferry is discontinued since the opening of the Free Bridge road.
33. FORT EDDY, about half a mile north of Hale's Point, on land owned by Richard Brad- ley-opposite Sugar Ball. According to tra- dition this was the location of an old Indian fort.
34. THE FAN, a tract of land bordering the river, north of Fort Eddy ; valnable for natu- ral mowing, and deriving its name from a fan- cied resemblance in shape to a lady's fan. Chiefly owned by the late Abiel Walker.
35. WATTANUMMON'S BROOK, the princi- pal feeder and outlet of Horse Shoe Pond on the east-crossed by a bridge, and so called from the name of an Indian chief * who owned and cultivated the land adjacent. There is an outlet from both ends of the Pond.
36. HORSE SHOE POND, at the head of Main street. [See Ponds. ]
37. WOOD's BROOK, the little stream from " little pond," crossing the Boscawen road north of Richard Bradley's, and formerly turning the " dry saw mill," which was built there ; deriving its name from David Wood, original proprietor.
38. PARADISE, about forty rods northerly from Wood's brook-so named from a beanti- ful grove and the scenery around it, including a charming view of the interval and meander- ing of the river on the east. It was owned by Capt. E. S. Towle. The grove being re- cently cleared away, it may be called " Para- disc lost."
39. BLOSSOM HILL, a pleasant eminence, covered with a fine growth, opposite " Para- dise."
40. The GULF, or steep hill bridge, on the main road to Boscawen, about twenty rods south of the railroad crossing, near Benjamin Farnum's. East of this Gulf is FARNUM's EDDY, so called from a current or whirl in the river.
4I. WEST'S BROOK, formerly "Meeting- house Brook," rising in swamp land west of the State Prison, crossing Main street near the house of the late John West, senior - whence the name. The space between this brook and " Tan-yard Brook" was neutral ground between the north and south end boys.
42. CLAY-PITS, and tan yard brook, which runs (under the road,) in the valley by Mr. Ivory Ifall's house. The late Capt. Richard Ayer carried on an extensive tannery on the west side of the road ; and clay of good qual- ity was formerly dug here. Opposite the tan- yard stood the old hay-scales,t and here was " the great elin tree," marked on the Plan of Main street.
43. Bow BROOK, partly flows from Little pond, runs along by the new Jail and the In- sane Asylum, and empties into Turkey river.
44. FREE BRIDGE and Free Bridge Road, across the Merrimack and interval, nearly opposite Center street .; This road was first opened and bridge built in 1839.
| Localities on the east side of the River, begin- ning on the northern line at Canterbury.
1. BURNHAM'S BROOK, running from Canter- bury by Chandler Choate's to Merrimack river, opposite the eastern point of Rolfe's in- terval.
2. HACKETT'S BROOK, SO called from a man of that name who once leaped across it, and then turning around, said to himself-" 1'11 bet a mug of flip you can't do that again, Hackett." Then attempting to leap it again, as his feet struck the opposite bank, he fell backwards into the brook. The brook has its principal source in " Hot Hole pond," easterly on the London line; empties into the Merri- mack just north of Sewall's Falls bridge. On this stream is situated Lovejoy's Mills, so called, and also a saw-mill near its mouth.
3. SNOW'S POND, [see Ponds.] Oak Hill is a high eminence east of Snow's pond, or north- erly of Turtle pond. [See page 543, 544.]
4. HOT HOLE POND, [see Ponds. ]
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