USA > New Hampshire > Grafton County > Hanover > A history of the town of Hanover, N.H. > Part 19
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History of Hanover
clearly expressed in the vote just quoted when the militia bill of the Senate was under consideration.
Between the end of the militia system and the outbreak of the Civil War the short-lived "Dartmouth Grays," already described, was the only military organization in the town, but in 1861 Han- over was stirred, as were other towns throughout the North, by the trumpet of war. As was natural, the College, with its detached company of young men, was first aroused, and it sent to the war the first enlisted student in the North, Charles Douglass Lee of Hanover, and, in the fall of 1862, a company of cavalry, known as the "College Cavaliers," of which an account is given in the writer's History of Dartmouth College.1
The town responded to the call for troops, but there was divi- sion of sentiment, at least in the expression of it. On May 20, 1861 a town meeting was held to see what attitude the town would take in regard to the war. At that time Professor James K. Pat- terson, who was grooming for Congressional office, led what might be called the war party. He presented to the meeting and sup- ported by a speech the following resolutions :
Resolved that the present unhappy war forced upon the country by the South without any justifiable cause and in direct violation of constitutional obligations, should be regarded and treated by a united North as a violent and traitorous effort to overthrow the Government of the United States.
Resolved that it is the duty of every citizen, laying aside party prejudice and holding political preferences in abeyance, to come forward and give a manly, generous and patriotic support to the Administration in its efforts to rescue from weakness, humiliation and destruction the system of govern- ment founded by our fathers and which is universally admittted to be the freest and best the sun has ever shone upon.
Resolved that both interest and humanity demand that the war should be prosecuted with the utmost vigor and promptitude and that it is the duty of the Government so to increase the available strength of the army and navy, both in men and material of war, as to enable it to put a speedy termination to the conflict.
Resolved that we as a town will do all in our power to meet the claims of patriotism and duty in this perilous crisis.
These resolutions were passed by an aye and no vote of 83 to 76, no member of the College faculty voting, except Mr. Patter- son. The reason of this failure to vote was not because the faculty did not favor the war, for all supported it except President Lord whose well-known political views led him to oppose it, but probably the faculty feared that too earnest a call for recruits at
1 Vol. II, p. 317f.
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Militia and Military Service
that time would be likely to disrupt the College. A proposal at the meeting for the formation of a volunteer company was not approved. At another meeting, June 25, a similar proposition to raise one or more volunteer companies was lost, but it was voted to authorize the selectmen to aid in "the comfortable support of the families of such persons resident in Hanover as have or may here- after enlist in the present war, while such persons are in actual service."
The town fully met the call made upon it, as no less than fifty- one from Hanover entered the military service of the country in 1861, besides the members of the College who lived and were enrolled in other places. The first to enlist on April 30 were Alpheus Benning Crosby and Henry C. Shaw, respectively as surgeon and assistant surgeon, and they were followed on May 3 and 4 by Otis C. Wyatt and Benjamin F. Eaton, both as musicians. During 1862 enlistment was fairly active, thirty-three going from the town into the military service, but as the year went on it was found desirable to stimulate enlistment, and at a town meeting, held August 27, a bounty of $100 was voted to any resident of the town who should enlist under the call of the President. For a few months this stimulus led to enlistment, but its effect passed away, and from then to the Conscription Act of March 3, 1863, there was practically no enlisting. The draft, though necessary, was nowhere popular and it was attempted to relieve its severity by additional bounties. Thus, at a town meeting on September 26th the following action, moved by Mr. Patterson, then a member of Congress, was taken :
Whereas, The Government in prosecuting the war of the Union has found it necessary to increase the army and has made a draft for that purpose,
Therefore, Resolved That the Selectmen of Hanover be authorized to pay a bounty of three hundred dollars to every man who has recently been drafted who shall go into service, or to any substitute for such drafted man, payment to be made to the same thirty days after he shall have been mustered into the service of the United States.
Voted to raise $10,000 for that purpose.
That this action was not enough is shown by the fact that on December 4 next, the town voted to pay in advance the bounties offered by the national and state governments for volunteers, and also to pay an additional bounty of $150 to each volunteer, and for the purpose voted to borrow $15,000. The result of these offers was to secure thirty-five men for the service before January 1, 1864, but their character may be judged from the record that
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History of Hanover
eleven of them deserted, some a few days after being mustered in. In the following spring a bounty of $150 was offered to re-en- listed men, and in the next August, while voting to raise $12,900 to procure substitutes, the town adopted, after much consideration, the report of a committee, recommending
1st To raise a certain sum in gold with which to pay bounties ;
2nd To raise money by subscription ;
3rd To employ an agent to enlist men in the insurgent states.
A little later the town voted to pay each volunteer for one year a bounty of $500, and to each drafted man the highest bounty allowed by law, and for this purpose to raise not more than $30,000. Again, in November, it was voted to pay a bounty of $150 to substitutes and $300 for "volunteer citizens" who should enlist for three years. The selectmen were to secure forty volun- teers or their representatives, "provided that enough in the town liable to military duty will make up any deficiency in the amount which the town has voted to pay in bounties."
The inducements offered by these various votes brought the enlistment for the year to fifty-seven, of whom thirty-three were after the August votes, but as another year began and the call for men continued, it was necessary to bring new urgency to bear, and at a meeting, February 4, 1865, when a new quota of men was to be secured, it was voted
To pay the highest bounties authorized by law for volunteers and subti- tutes, and also to citizen volunteers, $300 for one year men, $400 for two years men, and $500 for three years men, sufficient to fill the quota includ- ing substitutes and volunteers. Voted to pay $200 additional for one year men.
Voted to raise $10,000.
With the end of the war in April came an end of demands and in the following summer the surviving soldiers were mustered out and returned to their homes. During the conflict the town had sent to the different branches of the service 154 men, but, includ- ing re-enlistments, counting as 183. Of these, eight had been killed or had died of wounds, twenty-nine had been wounded, thirteen had died of disease, twenty-two had deserted. The town had expended in recruiting $147.13; it had paid in bounties $35,605, and was left with a war debt of $41,957.95.
For the more than thirty years from the end of the Civil War in 1865 to the declaration of war with Spain in 1898, there was no exhibition of martial spirit in the town, except for a temporary
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Militia and Military Service
outbreak of it in the College in 1874, when the two upper classes formed two companies for military drill. They received arms from the State, but after considerable early enthusiasm their ardor died away, especially after the graduation of one class in which a company had been formed, and as there was no abiding motive, drill was given up, the arms were returned to the State and the remaining company was disbanded.
In the War with Spain in 1898 there was no organized move- ment in the town or formal expression of public sentiment, nor did the war arouse any deep interest, but among the students a company was organized for military drill, mainly through the efforts of Dwight B. Rich of the Class of 1900, whose knowledge of elementary tactics brought the company to a state of effective discipline. Several of the students entered the service of the United States, but none of them took part in the Cuban campaign.
In the World War of 1914-1918 there was little division of feeling in the town. A few sympathized with Germany at the outbreak of the war, but by 1917, when this country was drawn into it, there was scarcely any divergent sentiment. At a meeting of the town in March, 1917, the following resolutions were pro- posed, and, after an unsuccessful motion to amend by striking out the word "piratical" and by inserting after the word "sea" the words "in contravention of international law," were unanimously passed :
The citizens of Hanover, in town meeting assembled, affirm their loyal adherence to the principles of vigorous freedom fundamental to the exis- tence of the United States.
They declare their approval of the course of the President of the United States in all his efforts to protect the lives and property of their fellow citizens against piratical attacks upon the sea.
They urge upon him and upon all the representatives of the people the speedy prosecution of every measure calculated to strengthen the entire nation to guard its own rights and the rights of humanity against unwar- ranted aggression,
And in carrying out such measures for the common defence they pledge to the Chief Executive and to Congress their unqualified support.
Voted that a copy of the foregoing resolutions be sent to the Governor of the State.
There was no later public expression of the sentiment of the town, nor did the town, as in the Civil War, take measures, pecuniary or other, to fill a quota of troops assigned to it. The measure of the general selective draft took from the towns the burden which the earlier war had put upon them, and all the men
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History of Hanover
of military age in the town were enrolled. The College, as it con- sisted, except in a relatively small part, of those liable to military duty, was most seriously and immediately affected. The regis- tration of 1500 in 1917-1918 dropped in the next year to a little over 1000, and in October of 1918 the enrollment fell to 761 undergraduates, of which 651 were enrolled in the Students' Army Training Corps.
Even before the entrance of the United States into the war a student battalion of 218 men in two companies was organized and began drill in February, 1916. This did not reorganize in the following year, but in March, 1917, an attempt was made to secure an officer from the War Department to direct military training at the College. The Department being unable to provide an officer, Captain Porter B. Chase of the First Corps of Cadets at Boston was secured, and later Captain Louis Keene of the Canadian Expeditionary Force, who was recovering from wounds received in service. Drill began in April with 1095 students enrolled. In the next fall all freshmen were required to devote six hours a week to military training, and members of the upper classes were given advanced training.
On June 15, 1918, what was later to be called the vocational section of the Students' Army Training Corps was instituted at the College, when 272 enlisted and drafted men from New Hamp- shire reported to Captain Max Patterson at the gymnasium for special training in carpentry and cement work, motor truck driv- ing and repairing, telephone and radio work. The educational work was done under the direction of the Thayer School organiza- tion in charge of Professor Charles A. Holden. On August 15 this class was succeeded by a second class of the same number, who were trained along the same lines. A third class of more than twice the numbers of the preceding classes was planned to begin on October 15, but owing to postponements on account of the epidemic of influenza, which raged with unexampled sever- ity during the autumn, this class did not reach a total enrollment of more than 200. This class was demobilized on December 12, 1918.
Beginning with October 1, 1918, all able-bodied students in the College between the ages of eighteen and twenty years were inducted into military service in the Students' Army Training Corps under government officers, of whom Major Max Patter- son was in command. They were put into uniform and assigned to barracks, which were the College dormitories, taken by the
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Militia and Military Service
government for barracks. To the men over twenty years of age were assigned special programs of study planned to prepare them for officers' training schools. Students under twenty took four regular courses in addition to the special course in "War Issues," which was required of all. Students under eighteen were enrolled but not inducted into the Students' Army Training Corps, and followed the same lines of work as the older students, but they lived in dormitories according to college regulations and did not eat at the regular mess hall, which was the College commons, taken over by the government.
Three regular companies of about 185 men each were formed, besides one naval section in charge of Ensign DeLancy Rochester, and one company of enrolled students of about 110 men. All the companies attained great proficiency, but the signing of the armistice on November 11, 1918, took the spirit out of the train- ing, and early in December, under orders from the War Depart- ment, plans were made for their demobilization. On December 16, the three regular companies were discharged and military training came to an end at the College, as the naval company had been previously discharged on the 14th.
From the beginning, interest in the war was manifested by women throughout the town in various forms of activity. In 1914 there was formed a soldiers' comfort club, which devoted itself to knitting sweaters, helmets and socks, and to making com- fort kits for the soldiers. In the next year the Canadian Red Cross was organized by about a dozen women, who of themselves, or through their husbands, owed allegiance to Canada or England, and was engaged in making bandages and surgical dressings. This organization continued to carry on its work until the entry of the United States into the war, when it was merged in the American Red Cross. At the same time the Hanover branch of the Ameri- can Fund for French Wounded, enrolling about forty women, was active in making hospital garments for the soldiers, as well as in such work as that of other organizations. Weekly meet- ings were supplemented by work done at home, and this con- tinued until the spring of 1918, when all such work was merged in that of the American Red Cross.
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History of Hanover
Lists of men entering the military service of the United States from Hanover, N. H., in the wars of 1861-1865 and 1917-1918
The following lists represent the contributions of Hanover to the military service of the United States in the wars of 1861-1865 and of 1917-1918. The College is included only so far as its students were residents of the town.
Besides the ordinary abbreviations of military ranks the following abbre- viations are used: For the war of 1861-1865 "enl." is used for "Enlisted." In the war of 1917-1918, as no distinction was made between those enlisting and those coming under the selective draft, "E" is used for "Entered service :"
A. A. S.
Army Ambulance Service
A. E. F.
American Expeditionary Force
A. F. S.
American Field Service
amb.
ambulance
A. S.
Air Service
A. S. A.
Air Service, Aeronautics
art.
artillery
bat.
battalion
c.
corps
C. A. C.
Coast Artillery Corps
c. O.
commanding officer
com. C. W. S.
Chemical Warfare Service
d. d. dis.
died of disease
d. w. des. dep. brig. disab.
deserted
depot brigade
disabled
disch.
discharged
entered service
exch. F. A. F. S.
Field Artillery
Field Service
G. H. Q.
General Headquarters
I. C.
Invalid Corps
(j. g.)
junior grade mustered out
m. o. N. A. n. f. r. A. G. o. N. R. F. O. R. C. ord.
National Army
no further record in Adjutant General's office Naval Reserve Force
Officers' Reserve Corps
ordnance
par.
paroled
E. en1.
enlisted
exchanged
committee
died
died of wounds
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Militia and Military Service
Q. M. C. R. C. re. rel. repl. tr.
res. R. O. T. C. S. S. U. san. S. A. T. C. sch. sec. sig. T. M. U.
tr.
trans. U. S. S. wd. 1
Quartermasters' Corps
Reserve Corps re-entered service released replacement troops
reserve
Reserve Officers' Training Corps
Section Sanitaire Unie
sanitary Students' Army Training Corps
school
section
signal
Transport Material Unit training
transferred
United States Ship
wounded
THE CIVIL WAR
First Regiment Three months
Company
G Eaton, Benjamin F. G Wyatt, Otis C.
Unas. Crosby, Alpheus, surg. Shaw, Henry C., asst. surg.
Second Regiment
Three years
Company E McLean, James
Company E Thompson, John
Third Regiment
Three years
Company
D Coursin (Courser), Robert
E Bullock, Philip M.
E Hadley, Andrew J.
K Spaulding, Alanson
Fourth Regiment
Three years
Company
Company A McMann, Philip
B Murtoha, Peter
E Bean, George W.
F Brooks, George
F Chapman, Samuel
G Fagen, James
G Riley, James
H Karnoff, Herman
H McDonnell, William
I Hamilton, Dennis
Company
A Fontain (Fountain), Edward R.
B Amie, John B Diaz, Manuel B French, Antonio
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History of Hanover
Fifth Regiment Three years
Company
A Birch, Charles
A Coolen, Charles
A Smith, Frank W. C Jackson, Milton S.
A Spaulding, Paige
B Graham, David
C Collins, George W.
C Pelton, Edward
C Cross, Walden T.
C
Sanborn, Jeremiah
C Emery, Antoine
E McCarthy, Daniel
C Fitch, Everett
E Oatwell, Charles
C Gilchrist, Henry
C Haskell, Daniel W.
C Herbert, Robert C.
G Kimball, Daniel W.
H McCarthy, Patrick
Sixth Regiment
Three years
Company
B Burnham, William H.
B Burnham, Joseph
B Grant, Harrison
B Moody, Henry
B Moody, John C.
C Nash, James D. G Nero, Louis
E Clark, Theron G.
Company
E Connor, James ยท
E Cork, John .
F Frees, Henry
G Hart, George (alias Murray, James)
K Hanes, Charles A.
Seventh Regiment
Three years
Company
A Norwood, Edward
C Bullock, David S.
C Smith, Alonzo A.
C Smith, James M.
C Smith, Stephen D.
C Spencer, Uel
Company C Tilton, William
F Paschal, Edward
I Larmy, Turfield
I Murphy, Thomas
Unas. Murphy, John
Eighth Regiment Three years
Company B Camp, Albert D.
Company G Flanders, Irad E.
C Merritt, William C.
C Parker, Thomas C.
E Corey, William
C Fales, James H.
F Graves, Francis
G Cross, Daniel K.
C Hiam, Daniel
Company
C Hogan, James
C Ingalls, Melvin L.
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Militia and Military Service
Ninth Regiment Three years
Company
A Humphrey, George S.
A Maxwell, George
C Hoffman, Joseph
E Clark, Theron G.
E Daniels, Charles J.
E Hurlbutt, Charles O.
E Hurlbutt, Luther C.
E Muzzy, George W.
E Runnals, John R.
Unas. Ryan, Thomas
Tenth Regiment
Three years
Company
D Allen, William
Eleventh Regiment
Three years
Company
H Biathrow, Henry H.
H Boutwell, Luman H.
H Runnals, Hiram E.
Fourteenth Regiment
Three years
Company E Cobleigh, William
Company I Foss, Walter H.
Fifteenth Regiment Three years
Company C Cross, Wilder P.
C Stevens, William N.
D Marcott, John
Company
D Tourriguey, Calis
H Northrop, Major A.
H Templeton, Joseph A.
Sixteenth Regiment
Three years
Company A Hutchins, Hazen K.
Company H Howe, Micah C.
A Hutchins, Hazen P.
Company
E Woodward, Warren A.
F Dudley, Oliver H.
F Smith, Baxter P.
F Winship, David H.
H Clark, Charles
H Wagner, Jacob
K Allen, William
Unas.Bornum, John
H Chandler, Brainard T.
Company
H Cook, Harrison
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History of Hanover
Eighteenth Regiment Three years
Company
B Barker, Barney
B Boutwell, John W.
H Russell, Daniel B.
B Camp, Carlton N. K Aldrich, Eliphalet
B Hutchins, Hazen K. K Carlisle, Charles W.
B Hutchins, Hazen P. K Carlisle, David H.
B Johnson, Charles F. K
Corey, William
B Lyman, Ransom F. K Dudley, George T.
B Pingree, Irenus H.
K Northrop, Major A.
B Stickney, Augustus W. K Poole, William H.
B Woodward, Charles R. K Richardson, Alpheus C.
C Lawrence, Truman
G Corey, Ashton L.
Unas. Albert O.
N. H. Battalion, First N. E. Vol. Cavalry
Three years
Company
I Adams, William H.
I Carlise, David H.
I Caswell, William H.
I Dewey, Joseph W.
I Everett, William H.
Company
I Gove, Lorenzo D.
I Pardee, Ebenezer L.
I Ramsdell, George W.
I Wyatt, Otis C.
First Regiment N. H. Vol. Cavalry
Three years
Company
A Goodrich, Philip
B Barron, Lewis
B McGivern, Michael
L Boudwin, Israel
B Moody, John C.
L Bourk, Alfred
B Wyatt, Otis C.
L Brewster, Augustus
C Biathrow, William T.
L Dudley, Albert
Unas. Parrent, Peter
F Dewey, Walter K.
First N. H. Vol. Light Battery (Afterward Co. M First N. H. Heavy Artillery)
Three years
Taylor, Henry
First Co. N. H. Vol. Heavy Artillery
Three years Wainwright, George A.
Company
F Houston, Isaac
F Neal, Joseph P.
C Pinkham, Edwin N.
K Templeton, Joseph A.
Company
G Goss, John
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Militia and Military Service
First Regiment U. S. Vol. Sharpshooters
Company
Company E Gibbs, William H. E Rand, Stephen, Jr.
Second Regiment U. S. Vol. Sharpshooters
Company
F Muzzy, Hiram C.
Company G Starr, Darius
U. S. Colored Troops
Company F Merhered, Arthur, 3rd Inf. Topliff, Charles Clinton, 19th Inf.
Miscellaneous
Company
A Avery, Roland J., 192nd N. Y. Vol. Inf.
5 Black, Davis I., 1st Me. Mt. Artil.
Crosby, Alpheus B., Ist N. H. surg.
Dewey, Israel O., U. S. N. paymaster
A Dewey, Luke, R. I. Cav. 7th squad.
G Emerson, Roswell, 60th Mass. Vol. Inf.
H Fellows, Napoleon B., 13th Mass. Vol. Inf.
H Gage, William G., 2nd Mass. Cav. .
B Kimball, Delevan, 29th Mass. Vol. Inf.
G Northrop, George, 1st Me. Cav.
D Ruggles, William P., 11th Mass. Vol. Inf.
B Whitwell, Charles, 4th Vt. Vol. Inf.
U. S. Navy
Sawyer, Frank C. Smith, Henry
College Cavaliers
Arms, Charles C. Neal, Joseph P.
Adams, William, 1st Reg. N. E. Vol. Cav., Co. I; enl. Oct. 11, 1861, sergt. reduced to ranks, July 18, 1862; trans. to Co. E, 6th Vet. Res. Cav., Aug. 10, 1864; dis. Jan. 11, 1865, time expired.
Aldrich, Eliphalet, 18th N. H. Vol., Co. K; enl. March 22, 1865; m. o. May 6, 1865.
Allen, William, 9th N. H. Vol., Co. K; enl. Dec. 12, 1863; d. dis. Feb. 8, 1864.
Allen, William, 10th N. H. Vol., Co. D; enl. Dec. 12, 1863; trans. to Co. A 2nd N. H. Vol., June 21, 1865; dis. to date Dec. 19, 1865.
Amie, John, subs., 3rd N. H. Vol., Co. B; enl. Oct. 14, 1863; des. Nov. 7, 1864.
Arms, Charles C., College Cavaliers, Co. B, 7th squad R. I. Cav .; enl. June 24, 1862; m. o. Oct. 2, 1862.
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History of Hanover
Avery, Roland J., 192nd N. Y. Inf., Co. I; enl. March 23, 1865; m. o. Aug. 26, 1865.
Barker, Barney, 18th N. H. Vol., Co. B; enl. Sept. 13, 1864, sergt .; m. o. June 10, 1865.
Barron, Lewis, 1st N. H. Vol. Cav., Co. B; enl. March 26, 1864; m. o. July 15, 1865.
Bean, George W., subs .; 4th N. H. Vol., Co. E; enl. Oct. 19, 1863 ; wd. May 16, 1864, Drewry's Bluff, Va .; dis. disab. May 16, 1865.
Biathrow, Henry H., 11th N. H. Vol., Co. H; enl. Aug. 22, 1862; wd. sev. June 3, 1864, Bethesda Church, Va .; dis. disab. June 7, 1865.
Biathrow, William T., 1st N. H. Cav., Co. C; enl. March 31, 1864; corp. May 1, 1865; m. o. July 15, 1865.
Birch, Charles, subs .; 5th N. H. Vol., Co. A; enl. Sept. 12, 1864; des. to enemy, Dec. 1, 1864.
Black, Davis I., 1st Me. Mt. Art., Co. 5; enl. Oct. 9, 1861; corp. Sept. 1, 1862; 2nd lieut. May 27, 1865 ; m. o. July 6, 1865.
Bornum, John, 9th N. H. Vol. unas .; enl. Dec. 24, 1863; des. Jan. 6, 1864. Boudwin, Israel, 1st N. H. Cav., Co. L; enl. March 1, 1864; des. March 23, 1864.
Bourk, Alfred, 1st N. H. Vol. Cav., Co. L; enl. March 1, 1864; des. March 22, 1864.
Boutwell, John W., 18th N. H. Vol., Co. B; enl. Sept. 13, 1864; dis. June 10, 1865.
Boutwell, Luman, Jr., 11th N. H. Vol., Co. H; enl. Aug. 22, 1862; mus. aet. 16; m. o. June 4, 1865.
Brewster, Augustus, 1st N. H. Vol. Cav., Co. L; enl. March 1, 1864; wd. June 13, 1864, White Oak Swamp, Va .; d. w. July 3, 1864.
Brier, Baptist, subs .; 5th N. H. Vol., Co. H; enl. Sept. 9, 1864; des. to enemy, Oct. 15, 1864.
Brooks, George, subs .; 4th N. H. Vol., Co. F; enl. Oct. 17, 1863; trans. to U. S. N. April 28, 1864 as seaman; des. June 30, 1865.
Bullock, David S., 7th N. H. Vol., Co. C; enl. Oct. 5, 1861; d. dis. Aug. 15, 1862.
Bullock, Philip M., 3rd N. H. Vol., Co. E; enl. Aug. 16, 1861; sergt.'; dis. disab. June 23, 1862.
Burnham, Joseph, 6th N. H. Vol., Co. B; enl. Dec. 9, 1861; trans. to Co. H 7th I. C. March 2, 1864; dis. Dec. 10, 1864.
Burnham, William H., 6th N. H. Vol., Co. B; enl. Nov. 9, 1861; m. o. Dec. 10, 1861; re-enl. Jan. 2, 1862, corp .; captured Oct. 1, 1864, Poplar Springs Church, Va .; released; dis. to date July 17, 1865.
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