USA > New Hampshire > Belknap County > Sanbornton > History of Sanbornton, New Hampshire, Vol. I - Annals > Part 19
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" Theu none was for a party ; Then all were for the state ; Then the great man helped the poor, And the poor man loved the great ; The lands were fairly portioned ; The spoils were fairly sold ; The Romans were like brothers. In the brave days of old." - MACAULAY.
From the record of a special meeting, Jan. 17, 1775, we have evi- dence that the Sanbornton father's were not slow to identify themselves with the patriotic struggle just then commencing. Besides Meeting ut Exeter for choosing dele- gales to Conti- brutal Con- greso. appointing a " deputy " for the Exeter meeting of the "25th inst." (see Woodman Family, Vol. II. p. 853 [19]), chose, also, as a committee, " to see that the Association of je Congress is punctually complied with [respecting the use of tea, the organization of regiments of militia, etc. ], Aaron Sanborn, Benjamin Hoit. James Cate, Thomas Lyford, Dea. Benjamin Darlin, Stephen Gale, and Josiah Emery."
We now propose to arrange the officers and soldiers of Sanbornton chronologically, or nearly so, by groups or sections, I., II., Ill., etc., as furnished at different stages, or m different departments of the ser- vice, interspersing the same with the " Association Test," and the action of the town on various occasions. The " Pay-Rolls," which we have found in the Adjutant-General's office at Concord, shall be our basis for lists of soldiers after the first ; though the papers of that office are confessedly imperfect as well as confused, and hence the names of soldiers known from other sources to have been in the Revolutionary War shall be appended.
151
REVOLUTIONARY HISTORY.
I. - 1775.
The first decided movement was -
"early in the season," when "news came that the 'Regulars' were making through the country, sparing neither women or children, and that they had got up as far as Sandown. The militia, just organized as above, and com- manded by
1. DANIEL SANBORN Captain,
immediately turued out, and every man in the town that had a gun, or that could obtain one, placed himself under the command of their patriotic leader,
First alarm,
and set ont abont sunset to meet the invading foe. They marched
1775. nearly sixteen miles, when they learned it was a false alarm.
This transaction, though nuimportant in its results, is worthy of being preserved as an index of the times of which we are speaking ; and it is not unlikely that the alarm was given with a view to test the feelings of the people, and ascertain what reliance might be placed upon them in case an invasion should actually take place." (Annals of 1841.)
II. - 1775.
The thrill of patriotism occasioned by the fights at Lexington and Concord, April 19, was not experienced in many of the new towns of New Hampshire as far back as Sanbornton. The militia The news of " Lexington " who did repair immediately towards the scene of action in New lawp- from a few of the towns, like Salisbury and Lebanon, were shire. met by Stark and other soldiers from the lower and older towus coming back, who advised them to return to their homes, put in their crops, and hold themselves in readiness for a second call. The effect of the " false alarm" already referred to would naturally be to make the Sanbornton militia more wary ; so that they did not " start " impulsively at the news of Lexington, as before, and soon after heard of the " return " of those who did.
Meanwhile the three regiments of militia for New Hampshire were being enrolled, about a month before the reopening of hostilities at Bunker Hill ; and the Sanbornton men were assigned to . Capt. Jere- miah Clough's Company in Col. Enoch Poor's Regiment," with date of entry, ". May 27, 1775." The regiments of Cols. Stark and Col. Poor's Reid had proceeded to the seat of war a little before the regimeul. 17th of June ; but Col. Poor's regiment was rather held in reserve, and did not form at Winter Hill till a few days after " the mem- orable battle of Bunker Hill," news of which " was received here on
153
HISTORY OF SANBORNTON.
Sunday, the day after it was fought" : whereupon the sixteen men of town, who had been culisted as below, on the Monday following left the wild farms which they were breaking up, and some of them the very meeting-house on which they were then at work, and bastened. that sune morning, to join their captain and comrades at Canterbury, and " the army at Charlestown on the third day"! They were thus too late to share in the sacrifice and glory of Bunker Hill ! Only two full regiments of New Hampshire troops are recorded among the partici- puts in that battle (Stark's and Reid's) ; but no lists of the " killed and wounded" from our regiment ( Poor's), as from the other two, have ever been found. The names of the towns from which Capt. Clough's men enlisted are not given on his pay-roll. He is known to have been from Canterbury ; and others, by the name of Clough, Chase, Foster, etc., being allowed, like himself, for " mileage, eighty miles' travel, 6/8," are presumed to have gone from the same town. The following sixteen men were all assigned " 7/7" (seven shillings seven pence) for " ninety-one miles' travel," and all but the last are recognized as Sanbornton names. The distance of the seat of war from our town, by the theu travelled roads, is thus designated : and the term of service, two months and ten days, for all but one, extended to Aug. 5, though in some cases prolonged by re-enlistment ; especially among the " six weeks' men," the fall of the same year, when thirty- two companies - of which no rolls are now found - poured in from New Hampshire, greatly to the credit of that province, to take the place of the Connectient troops, who had suddenly withdrawn. (See under [22].)
The wages of first lieutenant (on the pay-roll of May 27) were 80/ (shillings) per month ; of second lieutenant, 70/ ; corporals, 44/ each (carried out to one of them, for the two months ten days, " £5 3s. 8d.) ; privates, 40/ cach. All the sixteen, as further shown by the records, except Lieut. Sanborn and
The pay-roll of capt. Jere- miah Clough's company.
Private Riggs, gave their receipts for $4.00 to Timothy Walker, Jr., as received by each man, " in full for a regimental coat which was promised ns by the Colony of New Hampshire "; and all the fourteen who gave receipts signed their names in a fair haud- writing instead of making their marks, which speaks well for the gen- eral intelligence of the Sanbornton men of that period. With these remarks, the list is now introduced, numbering also the Revolutionary soldiers of the town, in order from " 1" above, the same number reappearing in brackets [ ] whenever a given name is re-entered for reference to future service : -
153
REVOLUTIONARY HISTORY.
2. AARON SANBORN
First Lieutenant.
3. THOMAS LYFORD [90]
Second Lieutenant.
4. JONATHAN THOMAS [S.]
Corporal.
5. NATHAN TAYLOR [ 23]
Corporal.
6. EBENEZER EASTMAN,
7. JACOB GARLAND,
8. DANIEL GALE [43],
9. LEVI HUNT,
10. PHILIP HUNT,
11. WILMAM HAYES,
Privates.
12. JOIN LARY,
15. JosErn SMITH [57],
14. WILLIAM THOMPSON,
15. WILLIAM TAYLOR,
16. JACOB TILTON,
17. STEPHEN RIGGS,
The last named has but " one month's " service assigned to him. IIe is not remembered as a Sanbornton man, but had probably been employed in town, went hence as a soldier (bis mileage being the same with the rest), was transferred or left the service at the end of his mouth, and never returned to town.
The annalist of 1811 gives a list of " seventeen men," composing, . as he says, " more than one third part of the population of the town at that time capable of bearing arms," who " marched from this town," as above stated. With but three or four exceptions, this list of seventeen corresponds precisely with the list of sixteen above, from Capt. Clough's pay-roll, the exceptions being that [s], [12], and [17] of the pay-roll are wanting on the list of seventeen ; but there are added to the latter, to make it up, the four following, whose names may also now be safely entered as Sanbornton soldiers of that period : -
18. ISRAEL TIL.TON.
19. EMAISIA CATE [36].
20. JACOB SMITH.
21. JONATHAN LANG; though it is barely possible that this last may have been confounded with John Lary [12].
III. - 1770.
The following document, while it gives evidence of the distin- guished patriotismn of the Sanbornton fathers, shows also
The associa- very nearly, in connection with the Petition of 1768, who tion test. and how many were citizens of the town near the com- mencement of the Revolutionary War. A true copy of the " copy ·
154
HISTORY OF SANBORNTON.
taken by B. M. Colly, Esq., from the Test Book [p. 275], at Con- cont, May 12, IDON": -
" To im: SummerMes of SUNCORNION ; .
" COLONY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE, IN COMMITTEE OF SAFETY, April 12, 1776.
" In order to carry the muderw ritten RESOLVE of the Honorable Comil- Bent:al CONGREss luto exeention, you are requested to desire alt Males alnove twenty-one years of age (Lunatlcks, fdlots, and Negroes excepted) to sign to the DEetARAMos on this paper; and when so done to make return lereof, together with the name or names of alf who shall refuse to sign the same, to the GENERAL ASSEMBLY of Committee of Safety of this Colony.
" M. WEARE, Chairman."
" In Coxonkss, March 14, 1776. Besolved, That it be recommended to the several Assembties, Conventions, and Councils, or Committees of Satay of the UNITED COLONIES immediately to cause all Persons to be disarmed within their respective Coloules, who are notoriously disaffected to the cause of Amanda, or who have not associated and refuse to associate to defend by arms the United Colonies against the hostile atterapts of the British Fleets and Armies.
" (CorY). Extract from the Minutes.
"CHARLES THOMPSON, Secretary."
" In consequence of the above Resolution of the IIon. Continental Cox- Guess, and to shew our determination in joining our American Brethren, and in defeuding the Lives, Liberties, and Properties of the Inhabitants of the UNITED COLONIES, We, the subscribers, do hereby solemnly engage, and prom- ise that we will to the utmost of our Power, at the Risque of our Lives and Fortunes, with Arms oppose the Hostile Proceedings of the British Fleets and Armies against the United American Colonies."
The following eighty-three signatures were obtained in Sanboruton, probably in the order of visitation, to which were added the date (apparently of completing the list), one day before the Declaration of Independence in Philadelphia ! and the supplemental remark as here given. The clergyman, Rev. Joseph Woodman, headed the original list, and Benjamin Colby's name was second. For convenience, we have transposed the surnames into an alphabetical arrangement. Those whose names alo appear on the Petition of 1768 (see p. 19) are marked with an asterisk (*). Several well-known names in town are wanting by reason of temporary absence, at the war or in other public service : -
* Italie and capital letters (in script) are used in the original document, precisely us lare printed.
REVOLUTIONARY HISTORY.
155
SIGNATURES.
"RICHARD BEACHAMI.
WILLIAM HAYES, JUN. JOSEPH HOTr.
ELIPHIALET BROWN. JOHN BEYEN [BRYER?]. JACOB BAMFORD. NATHANIEL BURLEY. (*) STEPHENS BURLEY.
PHILLIP IlUNT. (*)
ANDREW JEWETT.
JOHN JOHNSON.
EDWARD KELLY. (*)
ELISHA CARTER. JONATHAN CASS.
JOHN LANE.
ENOCH CATE.
GIDEON LEAVITT.
JAMES CATES. (*)
JOSIMI MILES, JUN.
JAMES CATES.
EBENEZER MORRISON. (+)
JONATHAN CHASE.
SAMUEL MORRISON.
JOHN CLARK.
DAVID RAN.
JOSEPH CLARK.
DAVID RAN.
NICHOLAS CLARK.
THEO. RANDLET.
SATCHEL CLARK. (*)
JOTHAM RAWLINS.
SATCHEL CLARK.
MOSES RENDALL.
BENIAMIN COLBY.
JOHN ROBINSON.
ISAAC COLBY.
AARON SAMBORN. (*)
JOUN COLBY.
ABIJAM SANBORN.
SOLOMON COPP. (*)
BENJAMIN SANBORN. (+)
THOMAS CRICKET [ CRITERIET ?].
DANIEL SANBORN. (*)
MOSES DANFORTHI. (*)
EBENEZER SANBORN.
BENJAMIN DARLING. (*)
JOSIAHI SANBORN. (*)
WILLIAM DURCHIN, JUN.
JOSIAHI SANBORN.
DAVID DUSTIN. (*)
THOMAS SINCKLAR. (*) ROBERT SMART.
EHENEZER EASTMAN.
ELISHA SMITH.
JOSIAH EMERY.
JACOB SMrrI. (*)
DANIEL FIFIELD. (*)
JONATHAN SMITH, JUN. (*)
JOIN FOLSOM. (*)
TIMOTHY SMITH.
JOHN FOLSOM.
ICHABOD SWAIN.
DANIEL GALE.
CHASE TAYLOR.
JOHN GALE. (*)
JONATHAN TAYLOR.
STEPHEN GALE.
CHARLES THOMAS.
JAMES GILSON.
MOSES THOMPSON.
NICHOLAS GILRS.
JOHN THORN.
CALEB GILMAN.
NATHANIEL TILTON.
JOSEPH GILMON.
WILLIAM TOMSON.
MOSES GILMMON. EBENEZER GOVE.
COLE WEEKS. (*)
SAMUEL HARPER.
JOSEPH WOODMAN.
"JULY 3, 1776.
"Pursuant to the within request the Inhabitants of said Saubornton [being Que Tory in now at home ] have all, except one, Benjamin Hvit, severally sub- Sanbornton. scribed their nantes hereunto.
"To the Hond General Court, or Committee of Safety of the Colony of New Hampshire."
ENOCH EALY.
DANIEL LANE.
156
HISTORY OF SANBORNTON.
IV. - 1776.
While The seat of war, after the battle of Bunker Hill, was continued at Boston and vicinity, New Hampshire troops were kept near Ports- month, for the defence of our State border. Hence we have the fol- lowing record of -
22. "Capt. AnnanAM PERkiss, of Saubornton," as captain of the company, commanded first by Caleb Hodgdon, from Ang. 7 to Sept. 19, 1776; and from that time (Sept. 19) to Dee. 7, by Capt. Perkins. This company
L'apt. Aber- was in Col. Pleree Long's regiment, and statloned at Newcastle. luan l'erkulis's service. Capt. Perkins's first pay-roll is signed by him, Dec. 7, 1776, and sworn to in the House of Representatives, Jan. 7, KG. Ilis whole time of service as captain Is given, - "2 months, 18 days "; his pay, "Es per month, - £20 16s."; travel, "80 miles, 6/8"; whole amount, " £21 23. 8d."
These items might indicate that he went from home for this special service ; but as he is known to have been absent from Saubornton at the signing of the " Test," July 3, it is more probable that he had entered the service earlier in the year, and was perhaps a subaltern in the same company prior to Sept. 19. A second pay-roll of Capt. Per- kins's company appears, in continuation of the above, from Dec. 7, 1776, to Jan. 6, 1777. No other Sauboruton man appears on either list. From other sources we learn that Capt. A. Perkins's Revolu- tionary service commeneed as " second lieutenant of thirty-first com- pany, James Shepherd of Canterbury, captain, - 'six-weeks' men,' - Dec. 2, 1775 ; ordered by Sullivan to Winter Hill" (near Boston) ; and that he was afterwards variously engaged, being at West Point with his sou [$1], at the time of Arnold's treachery, 1780.
V. - 1776-1780.
The following Sanbornton men are said to have been in " Major Whitcomb's Independent Company of Rangers " (Major Whitcomb was from Westmoreland) ; most of whom are afterwards found in lists and pay-rolls of those transferred thence into the Continental service, with remarks npon each, as follows : -
23. NATHAN TAYLOR [5]. "Engaged at Sanbornton " as second lieuten- ant, December, 1776; "in Continental service, Feb. 1, 1777," "during the war" ; " discharged, Dec. 6, 1779." For several months after June 16, 1777, he was " laid aside from active service " by " wounds received " that Lieut. Nathan day " on a scouting expedition " (see letter below), and probably Taylor's ser- vice. re-vulisted, after above date of discharge, for another department of the service. (See " Sketch," Vol. II. p. 752.) On tinal pay- roll he is styled " second lieutenant," "sixteen months in service before pro- motion," "at £8 2%. per month" (currency having depreciated), and " is
-
137
REVOLUTIONARY HISTORY.
months 6 days after promotion, with advanced pay "; total amount, " C25 48." (According to the above, he must have been promoted to ilest lieuten- ant June 1, 1778. )
24. JAMES SINCLEAR (SINCLAIR). " Engaged at Sanbornton, Dec. 5, 1776"; "private"; "deserted, June 15, 1779"; but much to his
Whitcomb's
Olbers of credit, " returned to duty, May 18, 1780 "; " was promoted to cor-
Rangers. poral, Nov. 1, 1780"; appears on muster-rolls of Nov. 1 and 23, 1780, to Feb. 1, 1781 ; and on tinal pay-rolf, receives what is due him for "36 months 7 days, - £73 1tis."
25. JAMES LARY ( LEARY). " Engaged at Sanbornton, Dec. 6, 1776": pri- vate at first; was appointed drummer Oct. C, 1880; appears this on muster- roll, Nov. 1, 1780, to Feb. 1, 17St, and receives what is due on "36 months 26 days' service, £73 14s."
26. JosKIN SINCLEAR. Engaged at Sanbornton Dec. 16, 1776; on same munster-rolls as [23] above, and receives pay due on "36 months 10 day's' ser- vice, E75 1s. Add."
27. DAVID DESTIN (DUSTEN), "Sanbornton, Whitcomb's Corps," appears on muster-roll of " Nov. 1, 1780, to Feb. 1, 1781," having goue in the room of one
28. MICAIL COFFEKN (MICHAEL COFFIN), " of Cavendish," who " engaged at Sanbornton March 8, 1877," and was discharged Dee. 31, 1780, at which lat- ter date Dustin's term of personal service probably commenced.
29. ABISI. CHANDLER. "Sanbornton, Whitcomb's Corps "; went in the room of one J. Rosbrooks, Jan. 22, 1781; also " 1782."
30. BENJAMIN JOHNSON. " Sanbornton, Whitcomb's Corps"; and "en- guged Nov. 1, 1780."
31. SAMUEL SMITH. "Private, Whitcomb's Rangers," only appears after his name, as also after [24] and [20], in fragmentary list dated " War Office, March 1, 1784," headed, "Return of officers and men belonging to a part of the quota of the State of New Hampshire, in the additional regiments audi independent corps of the army, taken from the several returns in the War Office." He thus belonged to the list " from Sanbornton, Strafford County "; was one of the sconting party commanded by Nathan Taylor, June 16, 1777, and seems from the above to have entered the Continental service.
32. HENRY DANFORTH is marked on another fragmentary fist, with [27], [20], and [80], " Sanbornton, Whitcomb's Corps"; the same as " Henry Dan- ford, of Sanbornton, age 17 years," found on a pay-roll of " Capt. Samuel Runnels's Company of State troops at Coos, for six months in 1780.
" As all over fifteen years of age, if able to handle a gun (and often IluD. G. W. under that age, in a clandestine manner), were accepted Nestaille's ob- as Revolutionary soldiers, there is no difficulty in identi- servation. lying the Henry Danforth (Danford) of both dates as being one and the same individual." ( Hon. G. W. Nesmith. )
The following letter from Major Whitcomb to Nathan Taylor (as supposed, the address being wanting) is found mong the papers of the latter, pertaining to the present period of the Sanbornton Revolu- tionary history. It appears that young Taylor, while laid aside by his wounds at home, in Sanbornton, had applied to Major Whitcomb for
158
HISTORY OF SANBORNTON.
a discharge, being discouraged at the poor prospect of recovery. Ile had meanwhile so far recovered that it was thought expedient by the Major to "order " him, as below, as if on trial ; after which he was found able to resume his duties till his final discharge from this depart- ment. This copy of the letter is a fac-simile, as to orthography atul the use of capitals !
" HAVERHILL, Oct. 12, 1777.
" Sir, - In Concluquence of your Repeated application to the for a Dis- charge from the Servis, I have applyed to General Wusldugion In your beleir, who told me If you sent In a proper Resignation, Seting forth A leder of Jour Reasons, no Doubt but you might have a Discharge. I
Whitcomb. have seuee Received a Letter from you, Directed to Genl. Wash- Ington, which I take to be your Resignation. I shall go to head Quarters in about a mouth, and then I will Do the Best I can for you ; hut t lowe ocation to order you to this place before I go to head Quarters, You must Do your best fudeavor to bring with you Sammel Smith [81], Sandtel Thompson, philip Cromit, and John Row, and be at the Cort house lu haver- laill by the fifth Day of Next mouth; your fallure in this will graitly Disap- point Your humble Servant,
" BENJA. WHITCOMB, Major."
VI. - 1777.
Before introducing the special service of 1777, we may note the choosing of a "Committee of Safety," in town meeting that year, con- sisting of Benjamin Colby, Aaron Sanborn, Samuel Morrison, James Gibson, and Andrew Jewett.
33. Capt. Cnask TAYLOR is named in two or three places as comnudler of a company in Col. Thomas Stickney's Regiment, Gen. Stark's Brigade, - company called " No. 3" on one of Stark's pay-rolls; "privates" said to have numbered 118, serving (on that roll) fifteen day's each, at 40s, per mutdh, -" total, f237"; "colummissioned officers, fre ls. Od"; cigld sergeants, twenty days, 4ss. ; eight corporals, twenty-three days, 44s. ; whole bill for his company, " £426 4s. 10d." He appears to have ranked us lieutenant at first (i. e., in the militia, before entering this service). "Discharged Oct. 7, 1777; wounded in the thigh; fit for garrison duty." His age is said to have been "forty-nine; pay, E10 4s." (These are the several annotations Capl. Chase to his name upon the roll.) We also find a " pension list" in T'as lor at . connection with the above pay-roll, by which it appears that he Bennington.
was examined by commissioner, April 20, 1787, but his pay was to commence July 31, 1786, - 80s. per month.
We are to conclude from the above that the company of militia which he actually commanded, nuder Gen. Stark, was much larger than that led by him from this vicinity to the scene of action. A list of sixty-eight men, who were enrolled " on or abont July 21, 1777," has lately ( 1880) been exhumed by Hlou. G. W. Nesmith from the military archives, - having baffled all previous search, -being the
159
REVOLUTIONARY HISTORY.
whole " company of militia, twenty of whom belonged to this town," that was led by Capt. Taylor to Bennington. They first pushed through to Charlestown No. 4, on Connecticut River, it having been rumored that a detachment of Burgoyne's army, after the reduction of Ticonderoga, were to ravage the Eastern colonies. Their first object was to ward off the enemy from New England. At Charlestown they stopped about a week, finding it necessary to send back for pro- visions, cooking materials, camp-kettles, and especially gnu-llints. Thence they passed on to Bennington, by the way of Manchester. Vt. ; " arrived there on the evening before the battle [Aug. 15]. and took an active part in the operations of the day." The men under his com- mand - increased in number, as seen above, to one hundred and eighteen -" like all others engaged on that occasion, behaved them- selves like soldiers." Capt. Taylor was severely woundedl
Bully "carly in the engagement, but remained ou the field of
wounded. action, fighting valiantly, till the victory was almost won," and was finally carried from the field by Ephraim Fisk and others, as noticeil in Bouton's "History of Concoril," p. 661 .* (See Sketch, Vol. II. p. 749 [9].) It might seem, from the annotations on Gen. Stark's pay-roll, as quoted above, that Capt. Taylor remained in camp till the time of his discharge : but the positive traditional statement - now given on the authority of Judge Nesmith - is that he was brought immediately home after the battle ; that Caleb Gilman and Ebenezer Judkins were discharged from the service on the 17th of August on purpose to accompany him; and that for two or three months, the rest of that season, we had two Revolutionary patriots lying wounded in the same house, at Sanbornton, the two being father and son, - Chase aml Nathan Taylor! We will now add the ". twenty" names, from the list of "sixty-eight" led by Capt. Taylor to Bennington, which are nomistakably recognized as those of the "Sanbornton men." The remaining forty-eight were mostly from Meredith, New Hampton, and Northfield. Except as specified to the contrary, they served in all two months, being . discharged at Sara- toga, Sept. 20, 1777," as Wilkinson states in his Memoirs. .. They were not engaged in the battle of the 19th, at Saratoga." Two of these twenty men have been already entered for previons service, and will be reummbered accordingly ; two others, likewise, afterwards
* The citation in full is as follows: " Young Ephraim Fisk, a soldier from this place at the battle of Bennington, and three others, were ordered by a lieutenant to carry Capt. Taylor from the field, who was wounded, his thigh being broken. This was a very dangerous and critical position. It was rising ground, and Capt Taylor fainting every few minutes. The caunon-balls would plough furrows as large as those made by a breaking-up plough ; yet a kind Providence protected them."
100
HISTORY OF SANBORNTON.
appear in the " Continental service," but the remaining sixteen, and
1.ist of the men all for the time being, were " militia-men" for this special from sanborn. occasion, and are not to be confounded with the soldiers tostr. a» lately discovered. of the " regular army" in the subsequent lists. The amalist of Ist1 makes the correct distinction when he says that in 1777 . more than one half of all the soldiers were out of town, either as militia-men [of which this list] or in the Continental army " (as nder VII.).
31. JOHN BRIER.
35. THOMAS CALLEY.
36. ELISHA CATE [19].
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