USA > New Hampshire > Strafford County > History of Strafford County, New Hampshire and representative citizens > Part 45
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TRUE MEMORIAL CHURCH, ROCHESTER, N. H.
ST. MARY'S CATHOLIC CHURCH, ROCHESTER, N. H.
FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH, ROCHESTER, N. H.
METHODIST CHURCH, ROCHESTER, N. H.
HOLY ROSARY CHURCH, ROCHESTER, N. H.
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ada, he was sent by flag of truce to Boston, and thence returned to his friends in Rochester. He bought the place in the village now owned by J. H. Ela, Esq., and here he lived after his return. He died in 1792, aged seventy. His son, of the same name, inherited the place, and for years was a miller in the Horne & Hurd mill, situated opposite, where Deacon Barker's grist-mill now stands. He was a Revolutionary soldier, and served through the war ; was in the battle of Bunker Hill and at the surrender of Ticonderoga, where he narrowly escaped capture ; he was at the battle of Bennington and at the surrender of Burgoyne. He is remembered by many now living.
The excitement proved by the atrocity of June 27, cannot easily be imagined. The suddenness of the attack, its locality,-the most thickly- settled part of the town,-the exciting nature of the struggle, the death of so many of their friends and neighbors, and the escape of the enemy before pursuit could be made,-all must have roused to an intense degree the feelings of the people. It is apparent from the haste with which they adopted measures for future security that great anxiety prevailed. No sooner were the remains of the murdered men buried than a petition to the Governor and Assembly at Portsmouth was dispatched, representing the dangerous situation of the inhab- itants, and begging for a guard of soldiers to protect them. This petition "humbly showeth that the inhabitants are few in number, in indigent circum- stances, living in a wilderness, and are continually liable to the assaults of the barbarous Indian enemy, who have killed within the past week four men, and taken prisoners one man and a boy. They have killed and wounded a consid- erable number of our cattle; they are continually lurking about our houses and fields, and are seen by some of us almost every day ; we cannot go out or come in without being liable to fall by them, and our families are suffering because we are not able to go out to labor." Such is the enumeration of their distresses. "Therefore we pray your Excellency and your Honors to take our deplorable circumstances under your wise consideration, and extend to us your paternal care and affection by allowing us a suitable number of soldiers to guard us in our garrisons and about our necessary employment."
The excitement had not subsided when another event occurred which carried it to still greater height, and added another life lost to the list of their calamities.
Traces of Indians had been discovered in the sand by the heath brook at Norway Plain, and in expectation that a party were on their way to attack the settlements a company of men concealed themselves at night by the side of the road a short distance below Norway Plain brook, at the foot of Havens' hill, intending in their turn to ambush the Indians when they came along. Upon the approach of the enemy, however, one of these sentinels, Moses Roberts,
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became alarmed and commenced to creep through the bushes towards his neighbor, who, seeing the bushes wave and supposing him to be an Indian, fired upon him. Roberts died the next morning, blaming himself, and justify- ing the man who shot him.
To support the petition of the inhabitants and represent that the settlement would be broken up unless they received assistance, Rev. Mr. Main was sent to Portsmouth. His mission was successful; for, besides the assurance of soldiers to protect them, he returned with a very substantial token of the "paternal care and affection" of the authorities in the form of a huge cannon, one of the iron guns of Queen Anne's time, for the safe return of which, when demanded, he gave his receipt in a large sum. The history of this cannon is worthy of a brief digression. It was intended for an alarm-gun, by use of which the people of the town might be summoned together whenever danger was apprehended. During the Indian war it was kept at Mr. Main's. After- wards it was moved to Stephen Wentworth's tavern, a house which is still standing, situated upon the lot owned by Doctor Farrington. This house was called the Wolfe tavern, from the immortal General Wolfe, who had then re- cently given up his life upon the Plains of Abraham. The Wolfe tavern was a place of no mean renown; it was the only public-house in town; it was also the only store in town, for not only were there accommodations here for weary travelers, but the necessary articles of life, such as rum and crockery-ware, were dispensed to seeking customers. But the grand boast of the Wolfe tavern was in something more aristocratic than these. It was here that His Excellency Governor Wentworth always "put up" when journeying to and from his farm in Wolfborough, a distinguished honor to any tavern. Here the old gun for a long time found a home, a hospitable roof we presume, where its powers of speaking loudly were not over-tested by warlike youth. From this place it would be impossible to trace its wanderings. It appears during its whole career to have experienced more than the usual vicissitudes of earth,- from the minister's to the tavern, from scaring away "the barbarous Indian enemy" to celebrating with booming voice many anniversaries of national inde- pendence,-yet ever faithful through good report and through evil report, until, like many a brave soldier, its existence was thrown away in a noble cause by the folly and recklessness of its commander. It was exploded July 4, 1845, by William J. Roberts, William Hodgdon, and some others, and its fragments found an inglorious burial among metal of baser and more ignoble rank in the iron heaps of the foundry. There were many mourners. The town discovered that they had lost a time-honored friend. Its loss was even so much regretted that at the next town-meeting the selectmen were instructed to prosecute the individuals who had sold the old iron. A long and expensive
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lawsuit grew out of this prosecution, in which the town was defeated, not being able to establish its ownership, a result well deserved by the town per- haps for its neglect to care for its property.
Crowned with success in the object of his visit, Mr. Main returned to the settlement. Throughout the summer and autumn and a part of the winter scouting parties of soldiers were stationed in the town, whose duty it was to go their daily rounds upon the most traveled roads near the garrisons, and from garrison to garrison, occasionally making longer marches when special reasons required. These parties or squads usually consisted of from twelve to twenty men, who were relieved every few weeks by fresh soldiers. When long marches across country were to be made the number was of course much larger. Upon report that a party of thirty Indians had killed a man at Pena- cook (Concord), and were approaching Rochester, Gov. B. Wentworth ordered Major Davis, with a detachment of forty men, to march to Rochester to scout about that town. Similar cases frequently occurred. It was doubt- less owing to such prudent precautions and the continual presence of soldiers that there was no further loss of life this year. In the spring of 1747 the inhabitants found it necessary to petition for a guard, and as a strong argu- ment why their favor ought to be extended to them, they set forth that no less than twenty of their brethren were enlisted in His Majesy's service for the Canada expedition. Several families had already moved from the town, driven by the distress and fear of the enemy. The petitioners confessed themselves unable to defend the settlement. Their only dependence for succor and relief was upon the provincial authorities, and while they acknowledged the protec- tion granted to them during the past year, and returned for it their hearty thanks, yet unless the same be continued to them they must unavoidably move away, and leave all their improvements for the Indians to destroy. Major Davis with thirty men was sent to their protection. Uncommon danger must have threatened the settlement at this time, for at a public town-meeting in the October following the town voted their grateful acknowledgment to the Gov- ernor and Council for sending Maj. Thomas Davis with thirty soldiers, "who by his prudent, diligent, and careful management, under Divine Providence," had been instrumental in defeating the enemy in their attempts against them, and of so preserving their lives. Perhaps there had been an engagement, for on May 23. 1747, Samuel Drown, a soldier, had been wounded; he was for a long time taken care of at the expense of the province. Upon the 7th of June of this year an attempt was made by the Indians to capture or kill a party of men at work in a field. Every one who has traveled the Neck road remem- bers the spring by the roadside about half a mile below Gonic. It was near this spring that the Indians lay in ambush. They were discovered by three 28
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boys, John and George Place and Paul Jenness. The Indians fired upon them. John Place returned the fire and wounded an Indian. Jenness presented his gun in a threatening manner but did not fire. By keeping it aimed towards the Indians he prevented them from rushing upon them until the men in the field, who had heard the firing, came to their relief, and the Indians were put to flight. The wounded Indian was traced by the stains of blood for a long distance.
A few rods from the road leading from Rochester village to Gonic, and not far distant from the latter place, in a quiet spot half encircled by trees which line the high river-bank, several rough, unlettered stones, indistinctly visible to the passing traveler, mark the resting-place of some of the early inhabitants. One of these graves is that of Jonathan Hodgdon's wife, who was killed by the Indians May 1, 1748. The particular locality of her death is just beyond "Great Brook," upon the right-hand side of the road, nearly opposite the place of her burial. She had gone out to find and milk her cows. It was a still Sabbath morning. For several days a considerable party of Indians, lying concealed upon Ham's hill, which commanded a view of Squa- managonic garrison, had watched all the movements of the settlers. They contemplated something more than the capture or murder of one solitary woman. Tradition says it was their plan to watch the fort until they saw the men depart with their guns to church, surprise and capture the women and children left behind, and finally waylay the men themselves upon the road,- a favorite stratagem of these tribes ; but seeing Hodgdon and his wife leave the fort together, they determined to attack them. Mrs. Hodgdon was seized, and the Indians would have kept her quiet and carried her away a prisoner, but as she persisted in screaming they killed her on the spot. Her husband, who was at a short distance, heard her cries and hastened to her rescue, not knowing the cause of her fright, but intending, if the Indians had taken her, to surrender himself also. He arrived at the instant of her death, while the savages were in the act of scalping her. He presented his gun, but it missed fire. He then made his escape to the garrison. The news spread rapidly. The old iron cannon upon the hill, charged with nine pounds of powder it is said, thundered its note of alarm to distant inhabitants. It was heard even at Portsmouth. Several hundred persons gathered together. A company of light-horse from Portsmouth arrived at 2 o'clock in the after- noon, and the country was scoured as far as Winnipiseogee, but without success. The Indians, it was believed, concealed themselves upon islands in the river near our village.
This was the last attempt of the Indians in Rochester. Such vigor of pursuit deterred them from any subsequent attack. Peace took place the
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following year, a peace of short duration, for in 1754 the sword was resumed. Heretofore the English had carried on the war in a desultory and feeble manner, which encouraged their enemies to undertake these marauding and murdering excursions. After this period the English displayed more vigor ; they fitted out formidable expeditions against Canada, and largely relieved the Eastern settlements from the calamities of war. One of these expeditions was against Louisburg, a strong city of Cape Breton,-the "Dunkirk of America," as it was called. It was captured by the British in 1758. Follow- ing are the names of some of the soldiers from this town engaged in His Majesty's service at this time: Lieut. Jolin McDuffie, Ensign William Allen, John Copp, Jr., Daniel Alley, Ichabod Corson, Gershom Downs, Eleazer Rand, William Berry, Jabez Dame.
The British officers sent press-gangs into the towns during the war to impress men into their service. The people of Rochester petitioned to be exempted from the press ; but it does not appear that the petition was granted. When the press-gang visited the town, Jabez Dame, whose name is given in the above list, concealed himself until the danger was past; the next morning, however, having informed the girl he was courting of his intentions, he volun- teered. The war was virtually closed in 1759 by the surrender of Quebec. The following year all the remaining French possessions in Western Canada were surrendered to the English, and the Eastern settlements found a perma- nent peace from the ravages of the Indians.
CHAPTER LVIII HISTORY OF ROCHESTER (IV)
TOWN ORGANIZATION-CHANGE TO CITY
An act of the Provincial Assembly took the management of town affairs out of the hands of the proprietors in 1737, and placed it in the hands of a board of selectmen and town clerk and so continued until Jan. 6, 1892, a period of 155 years ; in the fall of 1891 the citizens in town meeting adopted the charter for the city form of government which had been drawn up by Col. Charles S. Whitehouse and Henry Kimball, Esq., and enacted by the Legislature. It is the first city charter in New Hampshire which has only one chamber, instead of the ancient style of aldermen and councilmen, for transacting its municipal legislation, who with the mayor, control all the public affairs of the city. Colonel Whitehouse was the originator of this plan and through his persistent energy it was adopted. Very properly his fellow citizens elected him for their first mayor. The plan has worked well and since 1892 other cities in the state have adopted the same form of government. Rochester has a fine record of ably and honestly conducted municipal affairs.
In March, 1737, forty-five citizens residing in the town petitioned the General Assembly to give them power to choose town officers and assess taxes, as they were then "destitute of a settled ministry and had no civil order," both of which they much needed. Among the names are : Bickford, Hodgdon, Wentworth, Buzzell, Merrow, Richards, Lock, Ham, Place, Berry, Hayes, Tebbetts, Stiles, Trombly, Copp, all of these names appear in the Rochester directory of 1913, 176 years after the petition was signed; this shows the Yankees will survive in this town. The Assembly granted the request of the petitioners, and appointed Paul Wentworth, Esq., Capt. Thomas Millet and Stephen Berry a committee to call the first town meeting to choose town officers. That order bears date of March 24, 1737; the committee attended to the duty assigned them and the town government was inaugurated that year. The following are town clerks down to the inauguration of the city government in January, 1892: Rev. Amos Main, 1737-38; John Bickford. 1739-44; William Chamberlain, 1744-46; John Bickford, 1746-48; Isaac
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Libbey, 1748-50; Edward Tebbetts, 1750-51; Isaac Libbey, 1751-56; Jonathan Dame, 1756-71; Josiah Main, 1771-1803; Joseph Sherburne, 1803-15; Joseph Cross, 1813-30; Charles Dennett, 1830-38; James C. Cole, 1838-51; Jabez Dame, Jr., 1851-53; George H. Dennett, 1853-55; Eben Mathes, 1855-57; Charles K. Chase, 1857-60; J. D. Evans, 1860-61 ; S. D. Wentworth, 1861- 63; Nathaniel Burnham, 1864; E. H. Whitehouse, 1865; J. H. Worcester, 1865-67; George F. Gappy, 1867-72; George S. Lindsy, 1872-75; A. T. Cotton, 1876-80; Horace L. Worcester, 1880-91.
The following men served as representatives in the Provincial Assembly and the State Legislature during the first hundred years, as a state: Lieut. Col. John McDuffee, 1775-82; Ebenezer Tebbetts, 1775; John Plummer, 1775- 78; Deacon James Knowles, 1778-88; Jabez Dame, 1781 ; B. Palmer, 1788- 91 ; James Howe, 1791-97; Aaron Wingate, 1792-95; William Palmer, 1794- 1800; Joseph Clark, 1798-1801 ; Levi Dearborn, 1799-1802; Richard Dame, 1800-1803; Beard Plummer, 1802; David Barker, 1804-06; Nathaniel Upham, 1807-09; John McDuffee, Jr., 1810-17; James Tebbetts, 1814-16; Moses Hale, 1816-22; Hatevil Knight, 1818-19; Wm. Barker, 1819-20; Jeremiah Wood- man, 1823-24; D. Barker, Jr., 1823-26; John Greenfield, 1823-24; Joseph Cross, 1825-29; Jonas C. March, 1827; James Farrington, 1828-36; Moses Young, 1830-31; John H. Smith, 1832-34; Benjamin Hazen, 1832-35; Jonathan Hussey, 1834-35 ; Charles Dennett, 1835-36; Wm. S. Ricker, Louis McDuffee, 1836-37; N. V. Whitehouse, 1838-39; John Whitman, 1840-41 ; A. S. Howard, 1840-44; Jonathan H. Foss, 1841-42; S. M. Mathes, 1843; Noah Tebbetts, 1842; Jacob Smart, 1843; Jabez Dame, Jr., 1844-45; Daniel Lathrop, 1845-46; Richard Kimbell, 1846-47; N. D. Wetmore, 1847; Wm. Evans, 1848-49; D. J. Parsons, B. H. Jones, 1850; James C. Cole, Stephen Shorey, 1853-54; James Brown, L. D. Day, 1854; J. F. McDuffee, George B. Roberts, Jacob B. Wallingford, Daniel W. Dame, 1855-56; Jacob H. Ela, R. T. Rogers, James Tebbetts, 1857-58; I. W. Springfield, John Legro, 1859- 60; George W. Flagg, 1859; Levi Meader, 1860-61 ; M. H. Wentworth, Frank- lin McDuffee, 1861-62; Charles S. Whitehouse, 1862; E. H. Watson, James Farrington, William Wentworth, 1863; John Hall, Benjamin Horn, 1864; Dudly W. Hayes, 1864-65; Charles K. Chase, 1865; Joshua Vickery, S. D. Wentworth, 1865-66; A. Kimball, 1866; William Whitehouse, Jr., 1866-67; C. K. Sanborn, E. G. Wallace, William Flagg, 1867-68; L. Harrington, 1868- 69; J. N. Haynes, John Crockett, S. Hussey, Jr., 1869; None chosen, 1870; E. H. Watson, W. Rand, N. Nutter, R. B. Wentworth, 1871 ; Edwin Wallace, S. E. Whitehouse, C. W. Folsom, 1872; C. W. Brown, 1872; Arthur D. Whitehouse, Charles W. Folsom. Charles W. Brown, Francis Orr, 1873:
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Charles F. Caverly, 1874; Chas. Caverly, O. B. Warren, John W. Tebbetts, Francis Orr, 1875.
Rochester city government was organized Jan. 6, 1892, and the follow- ing men have served as mayors: 1892, Charles S. Whitehouse, Rep .; 1893 and 1894, Orrin A. Hoyt, Rep .; 1895, Dr. Robert V. Sweet, Dem .; 1896 and 1897, Samuel D. Felker, Dem .; 1898 and 1899, William G. Bradley, Rep .; 1900 and 1901, Horace L. Worcester, Rep .; 1902 and 1903, William G. Brad- ley, Rep. ; 1904, 1905 and 1906, Charles W. Bickford, Rep .: 1907, 1908 and 1909, William G. Bradley, Rep .; 1910 and 1911, Joseph Warren, Dem .; 1912, Dr. John H. Bates, Dem .; 1913, Frank B. Preston, Dem.
For seventy-five years, up to 1798, the town of Rochester included Farmington and Milton. The southwest line along Barrington and Strafford was 131/2 miles ; the southeast about 434 miles; the northwest, along New Durham, Middleton and Brookfield, 18 miles; the northeasterly line is the river, very irregular in course, but the direct line from the northwest corner to the southeast corner is 26 miles, so the inhabitants up there had to travel at least 20 miles over bad roads, or paths, to attend church or town meetings. Very naturally they complained, and petitioned to be made into separate parishes, for church purposes, at least ; after much discussion their request was granted and the bounds fixed as they now are. Farmington was called the northwest parish, and Milton the northeast parish; this was done by the State Legislature in 1794; that was tried four years, and then the northwest parish was set off and incorporated into the town of Farmington, Dec. 1, 1798. In June, 1799, the southwest parish (town of Rochester) was formally separated from the town, for religious purposes, and the Congregational Society was incorporated as the First Parish in Rochester; after that town meetinge had nothing to do with church meetings, and the First Parish church has flourished continuously as a separate organization 114 years. Milton remained the northwest parish of Rochester until 1802; on June 1Ith that year the Legislature made it a separate township, the town of Rochester hav- ing given its consent at a town meeting held on the 31st day of May, 1802. In this connection it is interesting to note the family names on this petition of 1802, which has 104 names attached ; they are : Scates, Hayes, Horn, Nutter, Plumer, Chamberlain, Hanson, Miller, Gilman, Wentworth, Roberts, Jenness, Berry, Merrow, Drew, Jewett, Witham, Goodwin, Remick, Chapman, Brocket, Dearborn, Burnham, Twombly, Carson, Pinkham, Nuts, Rollins, Jewett, Leord, Jones, Ham, Cook, Ricker, Dore, Willy, Hatch, Tuttle, Mathes, Palmer, Cate, Field, Hartford, Downs, Hanscom, Walker and Wingate.
The first postoffice in Rochester was established in 1812; before that Dover postoffice supplied the people with mail matter by stage coaches in the latter
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years and by special carriers, something like our rural mail delivery, once a week. At the date when the postoffice was established there were sixty dwell- ings in town, a cotton factory with four carding machines, a scythe factory, two potteries and several general stores. In 1769 the town was divided into six parts, each part hiring a schoolmaster two months. In 1774 a grammar school was opened and in 1801 the district school system was introduced, remaining until its abolishment in 1884. The Rochester Academy was opened in 1828, flourished for twenty years, then declined. The first movement for a public library was in 1792, when a few persons started the Rochester social library. It finally went into decline, but in 1834 it was revived, a new charter obtained and its growth from then on went steadily forward. As in the war of the Revolution, Rochester in the war of the Rebellion did its utmost for the cause of right and the preservation of the union. Both men and money were furnished without stint. A beautiful soldiers' monument testifies to the regard felt for the city's soldier dead.
The industrial side of Rochester commenced with various small tanneries. In 1843 was the beginning of the shoe industry, a small factory being opened and continuing for five years. Other small shops followed, and in 1858 the firm of E. G. & E. Wallace was formed, to later on reach immense proportions. The manufacture of woolen goods, now of great importance, also had a small beginning. The Gonic Manufacturing Company started in 1838 and the Cochecho Woolen Company, East Rochester, was incorporated in 1863.
The Rochester of today has every improvement and advantage of a miod- ern city, broad, shaded streets, handsome residences, and unlimited supply of pure water, scientific sanitation, electric lights, superior railroad and electric car facilities, fine schools and good churches. New Hampshire is famous for its schools, and those of Rochester are the equals of any city in the state. The school board is composed of conscientious, earnest men, and the school build- ings are ample and modern. The High School building is one of the finest in New England, and the school itself ranks with the best of similar institutions anywhere.
CHAPTER LIX HISTORY OF ROCHESTER (V)
ROCHESTER MEN IN THE REVOLUTION
Rochester men have a patriotic record in the Revolutionary war. As early as Feb. 4, 1774, a committee of correspondence was appointed consisting of Hon. John Plumer, John McDuffee, Ebenezer Tibbets and Daniel Wingate, and a series of patriotic resolves to support the Colonial claims for political rights and a copy of the resolution was sent to the commitee of correspond- ence at Portsmouth. John Plumer was moderator of this meeting and Josiah Main clerk. In the fall of 1774 the citizens refused to let any men go to Boston at the call of General Gage to build barracks for the British troops. Immediately after the battle of Lexington a recruiting office was opened in this town, at Stephen Wentworth tavern; and Rochester men quickly responded to the call for volunteers to participate in the siege of Boston. At the Provincial Congress held soon after at Exeter, James Knowles and John McDuffee were delegates from this town.
Among the first to offer his services as a soldier was John McDuffee, who was commissioned May 20, 1775, as lieutenant-colonel of the Third Regiment, commanded by Col. Enoch Poor. Lieutenant-Colonel McDuffee had seen service in the Provincial wars, and was well qualified for this office; he was lieutenant in command of the rangers at the siege of Louisburg, and had com- mand of a detachment of men under Wolfe at the capture of Quebec. In the regiment were ten men as private soldiers, members of Capt. Winborn Adams' (Dunham) company. There were also eleven privates from this town of Capt. Jonathan Wentworth's company of Somersworth. In all there were 25 Rochester men in the army in 1775. Capt. David Place had a company of Rochester "Minute Men" at Portsmouth, also, during the year Capt. John Brewster had a company of sixteen Rochester men stationed at Newcastle, from Aug. 7, 1776, to Jan. 7, 1777; Dr. Samuel Howe of Rochester served as surgeon of the regiment to which this company belonged. Fourteen Roches- ter men were privates in Capt. F. M. Bell's (Dover) company at the battles of Stillwater and Bemmis' Heights and the surrender of General Burgoyne at
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