History of the town of Rochester, New Hampshire, from 1722 to 1890, Vol. II, Part 5

Author: McDuffee, Franklin, 1832-1880; Hayward, Silvanus, 1828-1908, ed
Publication date: 1892
Publisher: Manchester, the J.B. Clarke co., printers
Number of Pages: 788

USA > New Hampshire > Strafford County > Rochester > History of the town of Rochester, New Hampshire, from 1722 to 1890, Vol. II > Part 5

Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).

PROPRIETARY HISTORY.

TEN ROD ROAD.

FOUR ROD ROAD.

ROCHESTER.

No. 88 fell to Lieut. Joseph Beard; No. 89 to Lieut. Jonathan Woodman; and No. 90 to Samuel Edgerly. Between 88 and 89 is the main street leading from the brook to the center of the village.

In 1769 James Horne owned No. 88. No. 89 was afterwards owned by Paul Harford, and is the lot referred to in the following town record in 1787: -

" Paid for a part of the 4th Division Lott of Land of Collector Paul Harfords Taken by Co1 Dame by Extent & Sold at vendue & bid off by the Selectmen 94 -0-0"

The last record of Jno. Wentworth, the Clerk of the Proprietors, is dated Oct. 12, 1763, and contains the following : -

" Voted the 120th Lot in the 4th Division be Given to the Clerk in full for his Services as Clerk & Treasurer to this day."

After his death, the Proprietors' books and papers fell into the hands of the administrator of his estate, who bore the same name, and was probably his son. As he had no legal power to dispose of these documents, a number of the proprietors petitioned him as Justice of the Peace to call a meeting of the Proprietors, which he did. The meeting was held at Stephen Wentworth's house in Rochester, June 28, 1784. The Town Clerk was elected Proprietors' Clerk, all the books and papers were passed over to his custody, and the office was vested in him and his successors forever. The last record is by Josiah Main, Proprietors' Clerk, Sept. 28, 1785, being his receipt for -

"a Record Book -the Original Charter - the Original plans together with attested copies of the same, and fifty-five loose papers Containing Notifications Accounts and Receipts."

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ROCHESTER.

No. 88 fell to Lient. Joseph Beard; No. 89 to Lieut. Jonathan Woodman; and No. 90 to Samuel Edgerly. Between 88 and 89 is the main street leading from the brook to the center of the village.

In 1769 James Horne owned No. 88. No. 89 was afterwards owned by Paul Harford, and is the lot referred to in the following town record in 1787 :-

" Paid for a part of the 4th Division Lott of Land of Collector Paul Harfords Taken by Col Dame by Extent & Sold at vendue & bid off by the Selectmen 94 -0-0"

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" Voted the 120th Lot in the 4th Division be Given to the Clerk in full for his Services as Clerk & Treasurer to this day."

" a Record Book - the Original Charter -the Original plans together with attested copies of the same, and fifty-five loose papers Containing Notifications Accounts and Receipts."

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CHAPTER V.

REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD.

" What flower is this that greets the morn, Its hues from Heaven so freshly born ? With burning star and flaming brand It kindles all the sunset land: O, tell us what its name may be ! Is this the Flower of Liberty ? It is the banner of the free, The starry Flower of Liberty.

" In savage Nature's fair abode Its tender seed our fathers sowed ; The storm-winds rocked its swelling bud, Its opening leaves were streaked with blood, - Till, lo ! earth's tyrants shook to see The full-blown Flower of Liberty ! Then hail the banner of the free, The starry Flower of Liberty."

UNTIL the Rebellion, the Revolution was regarded as the most interesting period of our nation's history. Its heroes, its battles, its great principles of equal rights and free government, have been the leading theme of the historian and the orator for more than a hun- dred years. Veneration for the patriots who took part in the stir- ring events of that day has been constantly increasing. Their wis- dom and courage are more fully appreciated now than ever before. The grand results of that war are better understood. To-day the blessings flowing from the Declaration of Independence are prized as of inestimable value. It was the appreciation of these blessings that inspired the nation and prompted it to deeds of valor during the late civil war. The red battle-fields of the Rebellion attest, beyond language, the attachment to the principles for which the Revolution was inaugurated.

The interest in events of national importance during this period has caused merely local incidents to be too much overlooked, yet, it can not be uninteresting to know what services the citizens of our

ROCHESTER.

own town rendered toward the achievement of Independence, what feelings moved them, how eagerly they sprang to arms, and what suffering's they endured in the camp and on the field of battle. The little that can now be rescued from oblivion is enough to gratify our pride, but not enough to satisfy our curiosity. It is enough to confer lasting honor upon the town. Her delegates were present at all the conventions called to co-operate with the other American col- onies; she paid her proportion of the expenses of each Continental Congress; she cheerfully took her part in the responsibility of resisting British authority; her citizens shared largely in the feelings which animated the American people; they responded with alacrity to every call for soldiers, gave them liberal bounties, and provided for the support of their families. Their minute-men marched immediately when notified, and, at one time, when other troops withdrew from the field, Rochester responded to the urgent call of Washington for re-enforcements, and sent a company of militia to his army at Cambridge. Her soldiers took part in the capture of Bur- goyne at Saratoga, and of Cornwallis at Yorktown; they were in the battle of Trenton, and shared the sufferings of Valley Forge. Some fell upon the field of battle; some died prisoners of the British army; many were cut off by the ravages of disease. Twenty-nine men were lost during the war, -no inconsiderable number, when it is remembered that the town had then less than half its population in 1866. The soldiers of Rochester were sturdy men accustomed to fatigue and inured to hardship. Some of them had seen ser- vice in the French and Indian wars, had been at the siege of Louis- burg, and taken part in the conquest of Canada. They early caught the spirit of opposition to British tyranny and prepared for resist- ance. There was nothing hesitating or doubtful about the action of Rochester. The following record is from a copy of the New Hampshire Gazette of Feb. 4, 1774, preserved in the office of the Secretary of State at Concord.

" PROVINCE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE.

ROCHESTER RESOLVES.

In Consequence of the General Uneasiness in the opulent Towns on the Continent of North America, and a Letter from the Committee of Correspondence, led us in these bye Parts to consider seriously the Cause of it; and we find Taxation without Representation (which as Lord Cambden well observes is inseparable) is the Cause of it. We consider our Constitution, that our Fore-Fathers at last to prevent hard

REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD.

Usage, left their Native Land, to enjoy that Liberty which they judged as freeborn Englishmen, they were entitled to. They then arrived on this then hostile Shore, which was a howling Wilderness, which was never purchased nor conquered at the Cost of Great-Britain, where they had to struggle with the Prospect of Famine, cold Season, besides combating an artful vindictive Enemy, and almost all other Difficulties that human Nature could surmount. When those Troubles were a little over, and the Sunshine of Prosperity began to arise, all hard Thoughts of the Mother Country's Behaviour vanished, and they surrender'd Jurisdiction and Sov- ereignty to the Crown of Great-Britain on Charters, with as strong Assurance as crowned Heads could give, that said Charters should be inviolably observed on both Sides; which Conditions were inserted in said Charters, by which we were to choose our own Representatives; to make and ordain Laws for the Regulation of said Colonies; raising Monies, and the like, not repugnant to the Laws of Great Britain. We have always cheerfully accepted the King's Governor, and he has a negative Vote in our Assemblies, as the King has in Parliament; and Men or Money have been requested for upholding Government, it was readily granted, and raised where the Subjects could bear it best. Therefore, after all this, for the Par- liament of Great-Britain to take such a Step over all Charters, and the most solemn Assurances, as to tax when and as they please, to raise a Revenue to support a Number of Hungry Placemen, of what Denomination soever, that distress peace- able Subjects. and are a Pest to Society, that after all the Struggle in recovering the same, auswers no other end but to alienate the Minds of the King's mnost duti- ful Subjects from him, and run the Nation in Debt on a Ballance. Oh ! when will the Eyes of Administration be opened: we think our Behaviour has merited a more generous Treatment.

Therefore in Consideration of the above unhappy Situation of our American Brethren in general. At a legal Town Meeting of the Qualified Voters of the Town of Rochester, assembled at the Meeting House in said Town, on Monday the 24th of this Instant January, A. D. 1774, to consider on the alarming Circum- stances of this once free country.

1. John Plummer, Esq: chosen Moderator of said Meeting.

2. Voted unanimously that it is our deliberate Opinion that we are freeborn, and loyal Subjects of the Crown of Great-Britain, and as such depend on Protec- tion, and not Slavery.

3. That the present King GEORGE the Third is our lawful Sovereign; and the Heirs of his Body, in the Protestant Line are so to remain; and as such promise to pay him all lawful obedience, agreeable to our happy Constitution, and that we will so render Tribute to him as his Due.

4. That as such freeborn Subjects, we will to our utmost be on our Watch that no artful designing Men of any Rank soever, may deprive us of our Privileges by creeping in at unawares, to undermine us of this Jewel Liberty, by setting up their Placemen to pray and sport with the same.

5. Voted that the Hon. John Plummer, John McDuffee, Ebenezer Tebbits, Esqrs; and Daniel Wingate, be a Committee to correspond with their Brethren Committees, in the neighboring Towns or any Three of them.

6. Voted that a Copy of this be sent to the Committee of Correspondence at Portsmouth, assuring them that our Hearts are Knit with theirs in the noble Cause of Freedom. And the meeting Dissolved.

JOHN PLUMER, Moderator.

A true Copy, from the Original Vote of the Meeting.

Attest, JOSIAH MAIN, Town Clerk."

Of the committee thus appointed, Ebenezer Tebbetts was clerk. Their work was exceedingly important and involved heavy respon- sibilities, so that it is not surprising that two days after the battle of

ROCHESTER.

Bunker Hill by which the Colonies were irrevocably committed to the war, they requested an addition to their number.

" June 19, 1775 it was put to vote to see if the Town will add to the former Committee of Correspondents according to the desire of sd Committee and Voted in the affirmative and Voted that the Committee shall Consist of thirteen Voted that Esn Ichabod Cosen Lieut John Brieuster Capt William Allen Esn James McDuffee Lieut William McDufee Abner Dame Capt William Chamberlin Jabez Dame Capt David Place is Chosen a Committee according to the foregoing Notifi- cation -"

Early in the war similar committees of safety were appointed in most of the principal towns of New Hampshire. Nearly every town had some persons who had no sympathy with the colonists in the impending struggle. These committees were of special service by their vigilance and activity in marking out and reporting every one suspected of toryism. They carried on extensive correspondence with other committees, to secure a general concert of action, but exercised large discretionary powers, and did not hesitate to act independently and boldly when the good of the cause would be imperiled by delay.

In the fall of 1774, when Gen. Gage, who commanded the British army in Boston, wanted carpenters to build barracks for the troops against the approaching winter and could not hire them in Massa- chusetts, he applied to Gov. Wentworth of New Hampshire. The governor, who was as popular as a British governor could be, secretly dispatched agents to the back towns, in the hope of secur- ing workmen. But New Hampshire was no more servile than Massachusetts. One of these agents visited Rochester, but the loyal men were on the alert. The following from the New Hampshire Gazette states the result.

" ROCHESTER, November 8th, 1774.

Strafford ss.

To show that we in these Parts of the Province are as warm Defenders of our civil Liberties as those in the Capital, and are as much on their Watch against aid- ing and assisting arbitrary Men in forging Chains to promote their Country's Ruin, according to their Ability :

Therefore when Fame sounded the Report in our Borders that a number of Artificers were gone from Wolfborough, Middletown, &c, to Boston, on the Errand of erecting Barracks for the soldiery there, we were much alarmed here, and at a Muster of the Companies of Militia here last Week it being suspected that Nich- olas Austin of Middletown was an Accomplice or Agent somehow in sending them, our Sons of Liberty here would have marched directly to have paid him a Visit : but we fcaring what might be the issue of the justly enraged People in such an Undertaking; Numbers of the most considerate warmly withstood it and pro- posed to send for him to meet us at some Time and Place that might be agreed on.

REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD.

Therefore the Committee of Correspondence here wrote to him to meet us at the House of Stephen Wentworth Innholder in Rochester, on Tuesday, the 8th instant, at which Time and Place he attended, and before a Number of the Inhab- itants of this and the neighboring Towns, met to hear his Defense, by Examina- tion on his solemn Affirmation before John Plumer, Esq; that he only spoke to four of the Men, and gave them orders to go to the Governor, and speak to him, and that he did not let the Men Know that they were to go to Boston, but had a mistrust they were, by what the Governor said to him at his Return; he further says the Gov told him that the People would be dissatisfied when they came to know it, but he thought it would be for the best, and further declares he told the Men that the General of the Army would pay them their Wages

And then on his Knees, when nothing less would satisfy, he made the following Confession.

' Before this Company I confess I have been aiding and assisting in sending Men to Boston to build Barracks for the Soldiers to live in, at which you have Reason justly to be offended, which I am sorry for, and humbly ask your Forgive- ness, and I do affirm that for the future I never will be aiding or assisting in any Wise whatever in Act or Deed contrary to the Constitution of the Country, as Witness my hand.'

NICHOLAS AUSTIN.

This is the true State of the above Transaction before us and a respectable Num- ber of Attendance from the Towns round us to see the above.

DANIEL WINGATE, Committee

JOHN PLUMMER, of

JOHN MCDUFFEE, Correspondence."

The battle of Lexington was the signal for a general uprising of the yeomanry of New England. The excitement was intense. It has been paralleled in our history but once; when, eighty-six years later, the news flashed over the wires that Beauregard had opened fire on Fort Sumter. Each was the opening act of war. The excitement of April, 1775, can be easily imagined by those in whose memories the scenes of April, 1861, are still fresh. Men instinctively sprang to arms. The militia of New Hampshire imme- diately poured in to join the patriot army around Boston. In Roel- ester a recruiting office was opened, and men enlisted at Stephen Wentworth's tavern; over fifteen pounds was paid in bounties to volunteers; half a hundred of lead was bought at the town's expense: and, after the soldiers departed, blankets were forwarded to them by the selectmen.

The Provincial Committee of Correspondence, upon receiving news of the battle, had hastily sent notice to seventy-one towns, requesting delegates from each to assemble at Exeter, forthwith. Only three days after the battle delegates had arrived from all these towns. Commendable promptness ! John Plummer was present from Rochester. The members being pledged to secrecy, the pro- ceedings of the convention are not known. A Provincial Congress

ROCHESTER.

had already been summoned to meet at Exeter on the 17th of May. The notification of the town meeting in Rochester to choose dele- gates to this Congress, implored " the serious and thinking party to attend," it being a day of "trouble and distress." James Knowles and John McDuffee were elected delegates. This Congress voted to raise three regiments, those New Hampshire troops still remaining around Boston to form two, and the third to be raised immediately. As the new regiments began to be formed, many of the volunteers who had hastened away under the first excitement returned home, and for some weeks the force about Boston was very small. John McDuffee, who had seen service in the French wars, had been a lieutenant of rangers at the siege of Louisburg, and had commanded a detachment of men under Wolfe at the capture of Quebec, offered his services to the Colony, and on May 20 was commissioned Lieut. Colonel of the third regiment under Col. Poor. This regiment was not fully organized at the time of the battle of Bunker Hill, but after the battle, was immediately ordered forward and went into camp with the other New Hampshire troops at Winter Hill.

The following Rochester men volunteered in this regiment: -*

(From a Roll dated June 2, 1775.) " CAPT. WINBORN ADAMS' (Durham) COMPANY.

Age.

Daniel McNeal, Yeoman, 24 years. John Walker,

Yeoman, 26 years.

Jonathan Hodgdon, jr. 20 Edward Rolings,

John Richards, jr. 25 Ebenezer Horn,

John Bergin, Cordwainer, 30

Thomas Tolley,

27 66

Thomas Furber, Tailor, 26

CAPT. JONATHAN WENTWORTH'S (Somersworth) COMPANY.

(Residence not given on the Roll.)

Samuel Nute, Sergeant, entered May 28.

James Chamberlin, Corporal, entered May 29.

Samuel Merrow,

29.

Ebenezer Chesley, Private,

29.

Nathaniel Perkins,

26.

Ephraim Alley,

30.

James Wentworth,

30.

Joshua Merrow, 66

30.

Gershom Downs,

28.

CAPT. BENJAMIN TITCOMB'S (Dover) COMPANY. Jonathan Downing, Yeoman, 25 years old."

* In all lists of soldiers which may be given, it will be understood that the residence is taken from the rolls, unless otherwise stated.

28.

Daniel Alley, 66

26.

Josiah Durgin,

REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD.

This is the only one of this company, whose residence is given as Rochester. Another later roll gives a few names probably from Rochester, but their residence is not stated. In all there were twenty- six Rochester men in the army during this summer. Their term of enlistment was until the last of December, unless sooner dis- charged.

The 22d of June had been appointed as a day of fasting and prayer, and was duly observed in Rochester. The Rev. Joseph Haven, then preaching as a candidate, thus alluded to their gloomy prospects : -

" The times and seasons call for mourning. Our rights and privileges are invaded, and that by those we looked upon as our protectors. They have turned a deaf ear to all our petitions and remonstrances. The compassions of our King and Ministry are closed against us, and Britain has become a cruel monster, not forgetting her child, but seeking its ruin. We have once and again heard of the blood of our friends being spilled in the day of battle. Some have lately left us to go to the fatal field, there nobly to risk their lives for the defense of their country and reli- gion. We wish them prosperity, and that they may do valiantly for their people. But who knows how many may ever return ? Bravely have they gone forth and with honor may they return, but the hearts of their friends here are no doubt full of grief. It is a solemn day. My aged fathers, who among you can remember such a day ? Let us unite to call upon the Lord. Let us not hold our peace till he hear and answer. Let us pray for our brethren who jeopard their lives contin- ually for us in the field. And let us pray for a reconciliation with the parent State on terms constitutional and honorable to both, and that there may be a final period put to the war that is now begun between Great Britain and her Colonies."-War was not the only calamity. The fruit of the land was cut off by drought .- " We are threatened with grievous famine. The fire devours our pastures and rages in the wilderness. Some of our habitations have been already destroyed and many more are exposed."

These extracts show with what feelings our people entered into that unequal struggle, which after hours of victory and hours of defeat, days of thanksgiving and days of fasting, years of painful suspense yet of unfaltering determination, ended in the recognition of the United States as a free and independent nation.

Portsmouth, the capital of the colony, was liable to be attacked by British armed vessels at any moment. Alarms had already been several times sent to adjoining towns ; and, indeed, the first act of armed hostilitity in the Revolution had occurred at Portsmouth. As early as December, 1774, a British ship of war being daily expected from Boston with troops to take possession of Fort William and Mary, John Sullivan and John Langdon put themselves at the head of a band of volunteers from Portsmouth and the neighboring towns, and before the British could arrive, captured the fort, made

ROCHESTER.

prisoners of the garrison, and seized a hundred barrels of gun- powder which furnished the Colonists with ammunition for the battle of Bunker Hill. It is more than probable that Rochester was represented in this daring exploit, for she charged the State seven- teen pounds for bounties "on the Sea-coast alarm at Kittery." Another and similar transaction in which she bore a part occurred on May 26. The British vessel above referred to had arrived with troops and taken possession of the fort. For a number of months they interrupted navigation, and seized several vessels coming into the harbor. In retaliation, a body of armed Colonists went to a bat- tery on Jerry's Point, took away eight large cannon, and brought them to Portsmouth. In Rochester's account with the State, she charged sixteen pounds for bounties paid volunteers " to Jerry's Point after cannon." For powder and ball for these raids five pounds and twelve shillings were charged. Votes of thanks were passed by the convention at Exeter, to all those who had been engaged in seizing the powder at the fort and the cannon at the battery. But it was recommended, - perhaps to restrain the too great freedom of such acts,-that no movement of parties or bodies of men should be under- Rochester

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History of the town of Rochester, New Hampshire, from 1722 to 1890, Vol. II, Part 5

Author: McDuffee, Franklin, 1832-1880; Hayward, Silvanus, 1828-1908, ed Publication date: 1892 Publisher: Manchester, the J.B. Clarke co., printers Number of Pages: 788

Author: McDuffee, Franklin, 1832-1880; Hayward, Silvanus, 1828-1908, ed
Publication date: 1892
Publisher: Manchester, the J.B. Clarke co., printers
Number of Pages: 788