USA > New Hampshire > Hillsborough County > Hancock > The history of Hancock, New Hampshire, 1764-1889 > Part 8
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Hoping your celebration may be, as I doubt not it will, a complete success, and again regretting that I can not be with you, I am,
Very truly yours, A. B. BALDWIN.
CHAPTER III. TOPOGRAPHICAL ITEMS.
THE town of Hancock is situated in latitude 42º 57', and longi- tude 71° 53' west from Greenwich. It is about thirty-three miles south-west from Concord, twenty miles north-east from Keene, and thirty-two miles north-west from Nashua.
It has a great diversity of soil and a considerable variation of climate. It has a mean elevation of not far from one thousand feet above the level of the sea. From the survey of the Manchester & Keene railroad, made by B. F. George, Esq., we learn that the road-bed near the Contoocook river is six hundred and sixty-four feet, at the station at the center of the town eight hundred and
[A view of the Centennial gathering is inserted here, which we regret is imper- fect in not showing the military.]
56
HISTORY OF HANCOCK, NEW HAMPSHIRE.
seventy-seven feet and at "Hayward's ridge," a few rods from Har- risville line, ten hundred and thirty-four feet above the sea level. Mount Skatutahkee rises to the height of over two thousand feet, and there are many other elevations of from twelve to eighteen hundred feet.
Considerable areas of land, largely of alluvial formation, are to be found along the banks of the Contoocook river and its tributaries; while the north and west parts of the town are much more elevated and broken. A few tracts of what is known as plain land are to be found in the town, one of which is situated near the shore of Half-moon pond, not far from where the first settlement of the town was made, it being a part of the farm now owned by G. I. Hayward.
Norway plain, on which the village is built, is situated between Norway pond and Norway hill. There are also several acres of plain land on what was the Ninian Clark farm in the north-east section; and in the south-west part of the town, on the original William Lakin farm, may be found a plain, a portion of which ex- tends into Harrisville.
Like most of the state, there is to be found in Hancock an abun- dance of granite, or at least what is popularly known by that name. Not only do we find immense ledges, but also huge boulders that have evidently been moved from their native beds by the action of ice and water in some remote period. The most remarkable collec- tion of boulders in town may be found on the farm of A. S. Wood, a visit to which would well repay the expense of a journey of hundreds of miles.
The soil of the town is made up largely of decomposed granite. But little use can be made of these immense masses of rock for build- ing purposes, as it is impossible to work it into any form or shape. The smaller boulders have, however, been utilized, in a measure, in building many miles of stone walls, to form division fences; to- day a standing, or perhaps falling, memorial of the industry of a past generation.
Plumbago is found in Miller's mountain and other sections of the north part of the town, but not in sufficient quantity to warrant its being worked.
Hancock is "beautiful for situation." From the summit of Mount Skatutahkee a view can be obtained that can hardly be surpassed in beauty and loveliness, especially if it be supplemented by a view from the top of Little Skatutahkee, a short distance west of the
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higher mountain. Almost the entire area of the town, with large sections of the adjoining towns, is spread out before the eye of the beholder like a panorama. To the west lie the hills of Nel- son. On the north may be seen Antrim mountain, with the Crotched mountain on the north-east, and opening vistas between, stretching through Hillsboro' and Merrimack counties, and probably with a glass to aid the vision, as far as the White hills. On the south-east tower the Lyndboro', Peterboro', and Temple mountains, while on the south rises the lofty peak of Grand Monadnock in Dublin and Jaffrey. Nearer at hand are Miller's mountain, Nahor hill, Norway hill, Bald mountain, and elevations that as yet have no name, with beautiful valleys and fertile fields amid what appears to be an almost unbroken forest. At our feet is the Center village, with its church-spire and few, scattered houses peeping out from the surrounding foliage. Other homes may be seen nestling among the everlasting hills.
I doubt if there is any lake scenery in the world more attractive than that viewed from these elevations. Lake Nubanusit, set partly in Nelson and partly in Hancock, needs only the poet's pen to portray its beauties, to make it famous, and bring to its shores tourists from all lands. There was a time when near its borders happy homes were found; but now all signs of man's presence have departed.
Other lakes and lakelets may be seen at different points, among which may be mentioned Willard's pond in Antrim, Hunt's pond d and Norway lake in Hancock, together with several sheets of water in Harrisville.
Two other bodies of water not yet noticed are specially attractive. One is a lakelet at the foot of Little Skatutahkee, on the west side, deep down in the valley, seldom visited, yet so beautiful that of it it may be truly said, that to have seen it once " is a joy forever." The other, bearing the name of "Juggernaut," is a little to the east of Skatutahkee. Surrounded by its dark, wooded shore, and situated in the heart of an extensive tract of broken land among the hills, its waters gleam in the August sunshine like a pearl on the breast of Nature.
No! we have no need to travel in foreign lands to find scenes hat will minister to our love for the beautiful.
Lake Nubanusit is utilized for reservoir purposes, and this, to the itilitarian, may be deemed its chief value. It has an area of about ight hundred acres. Spoonwood pond, lying wholly in Nelson, but
58
HISTORY OF HANCOCK, NEW HAMPSHIRE.
whose waters flow into the lake and through Hancock, is also used as a reservoir. Together the two bodies of water are about one thou- sand acres in extent, from which an average draught of about thirteen feet of water can be drawn. This lake is the source of the Nubanusit river, that flows through Nelson, Harrisville, and Peterboro', where it joins the Contoocook. Probably no body of water as large as this, and as valuable as a reservoir can be found east of the Mississippi river at as high an altitude: it can not be much less than fourteen hundred feet above the level of the sea.
Mud pond, the source of what is known as the Shadrach Tenney brook, discharges its waters into this lake, and the same may be said of Tenney pond, a little west of it, near Nelson line.
On the north side of Mount Skatutahkee, and near its base, is Jack's pond, from which a small brook flows into Hunt's pond, the source of Hosley brook.
Half-moon pond is near the southern border of the town, not far from the corner of Harrisville and Peterboro'. Its fine beach and the shady groves near it make it a popular resort for picnic gather- ings and summer camps.
Norway lake is a fine body of water of some forty-seven acres, near the center of the town.
Of Juggernaut pond, mentioned above, I will add that it is noted for its depth, which has never been determined definitely, seventy- two feet of line having failed to reach its bottom at one place.
The Contoocook river is by far the largest stream of water in the town, forming a part of its eastern boundary, and from 1794 to 1842- when Bennington was set off-running through a portion of it. Its entire length is about one hundred miles. While the course of most of the streams east of the Alleghany system of mountains is to the south and east, this river flows in a northerly direction. It is a lovely river, and retains the name given to it by the Indians, who once had their homes on its banks and fished in its waters.
" Their names are on our waters;
We can not wash them out."
From the beginning this river has had an important place in our history. It formed the natural boundary to the town, and the diffi- culty of making a bridge over it was adduced as one reason for the formation of the township. (See chapter on roads and bridges.)
The water-power at the "Factory village," now Bennington, was utilized at an early period; and although now within the limits of
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TOPOGRAPHICAL ITEMS.
another town, it continues to be a source of wealth to those living in that vicinity.
All the streams of Hancock find their way to the sea through this river. Its principal tributaries from Hancock are: Moose brook, which takes its rise in Willard's pond in Antrim, and flowing in a south-east direction through the town, empties into the Contoocook near the junction of the two railroads ; Ferguson brook, which is formed by the union of Davis brook, that takes its rise at the southern base of Mount Skatutahkee, and Hosley brook, that rises on the north side of the same mountain in Jack's pond, as men- tioned above. This has also a south-east direction, running a little south of the center of the town. After passing through a corner of Peterboro', it re-enters the town and empties its waters into the Contoocook near Cavender's station. Some of the most valuable land in town is in the valley of this stream.
There are several other small streams in town. Four brooklets, taking their rise on the south-west side of Mount Skatutahkee, unite their waters and flow through Harrisville into the Nubanu- sit river. I will venture to give to this stream the name of Skatutahkee.
Moose brook has several tributaries of considerable size, as has also Hosley brook, among which I will mention one that runs through the valley at the foot of the "sand hill." Its waters, clear and cold, seldom, if ever, fail. Small streams issue during a portion of the season from Half-moon and Juggernaut ponds.
Previous to the middle of the eighteenth century the territory within the limits of the town was an almost unbroken forest. About that time the summits of Mount Skatutahkee, and what is known as Bald mountain, now owned by Henry W. Ware, were burned over by forest fires.
Many traces of the residence of the Indians may be found in the town; but the first settlers found none here. I have been informed by A. S. Wood, that sometime after his grandfather had settled in town, on several occasions Indians from a distance visited him, on their way to Mount Skatutahkee to procure certain plants of a medicinal nature to be found upon its sides. Who they were, and from whence they came, we know not; but doubtless they were the descendants of those who once roamed over our rugged hills and had their temporary homes in our beautiful valleys. The lakes and streams then swarmed with fish, and an abundance of game was
------
60
HISTORY OF HANCOCK, NEW HAMPSHIRE.
to be found on every hand. There is also evidence that they under- stood the art of converting the sap of the maple into sugar, and perhaps they raised some corn on the banks of the river.
Indian "fire-hearths" are to be found near the Junction; stone arrow-heads, gouges, etc., near Half-moon pond and Norway pond, and a fine specimen of a gouge (probably used for tapping maples), on land now owned by Dea. Orland Eaton. .
The early settlers found two pieces of meadow land upon which, at that time, no trees were growing. One of small extent was situ- ated on the south side of Juggernaut pond, on the stream flowing from it; the other was west of the "mountain." The cause of these spots being nearly free from trees, and in grass, can be traced to the dams built by beavers in the long ago. The water, over- flowing the land, killed the trees, and the beavers having been killed or driven away, the dams decayed, and when the waters receded, grass took the place of the original forest growth.
CHAPTER IV.
THE FLORA OF HANCOCK.
The flora of Hancock is more extensive than many who have spent their entire lives within its limits might suppose. Miss Lydia D. Osgood, at our request, has kindly prepared the tables we give below : -
FLORA OF HANCOCK.
BY MISS LYDIA D. OSGOOD.
CROWFOOT FAMILY.
Clematis virginiana (virgin's bower). Hepatica triloba (liver leaf).
Anemone nemorosa (wind flower). Anemone virginiana.
Thalictrum anemonoides (rue anemone). Thalictrum dioicum (early meadow rue).
Thalictrum purpurascens ( purplish meadow rue).
Thalictrum cornuti (tall meadow rue). Ranunculus aquatilis (water crowfoot).
Ranunculus flammula var. reptans (spear- wort crowfoot).
Ranunculus recurvatus (crowfoot).
Ranunculus Pennsylvanicus ( bristly crowfoot).
Ranunculus fascicularis (early butter- cup).
Ranunculus repens ( creeping butter cup).
Ranunculus bulbosus (bulbous butter- cup).
Ranunculus acris (tall buttercup).
· Caltha palustris (marsh marigold). Coptis trifolia (tree-leaved goldthread). Aquilegia Canadensis (wild columbine). Actæa alba (white baneberry).
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THE FLORA OF HANCOCK.
MOON-SEED FAMILY.
Menispermum Canadense (Canadian moon-seed).
BARBERRY FAMILY.
Barberis vulgaris (barberry).
Canlophyllum thalicthroides (blue co- hosh).
Podophyllum peltatum (may-apple).
WATER-LILY FAMILY.
Brasena peltata (water-shield). Nymphæa odorata (white water-lily).
Nuphar advena (yellow water-lily).
PITCHER-PLANT FAMILY.
Sarracenia purpurea (side-saddle flower).
POPPY FAMILY.
Sanguinaria Canadensis (blood-root).
FUMITORY FAMILY.
Dicentra cucullaria (Dutchman's breeches).
Dicentra Canadensis (squirrel-corn). Corydalis glauca. Fumaria officinalis (fumitory).
MUSTARD FAMILY.
Brassica sinapsis alba (white mustard). Brassica sinapsis nigra (black mustard). Sisymbrium officinale (hedge mustard). Nasturtium armoracia (horse radish). Nasturtium palustre (marsh-cress). Cardamine hirsuta (bitter cress).
Capsella bursa pastoris (shepherd's purse). Lepidium Virginicum (wild pepper- grass).
VIOLET FAMILY.
Viola sagittata (arrow-leaved violet) Viola cucullata (common blue violet). Viola blanda (sweet white violet). Viola lanceolata (lance-leaved violet). Viola rotundifolia (round-leaved violet). Viola pubescens (yellow violet). Viola tricolor (heart's ease).
ROCK ROSE FAMILY.
Helianthemum Canadense (frostweed). Lechæa minor (pinweed).
ST. JOHN'S WORT FAMILY.
Hypericum perforatum (common St. John's.worth).
Hypericum corymbosum. Hypericum Canadense. Hypericum sarothra (pine weed). Elodes Virginica (marsh St.John's-wort).
PINK FAMILY.
Lychnis githago (corn-cockle).
Silene inflata (bladder campion).
Saponaria officinalis (soap-wort or bouncing Bet). Cerastium viscosum (mouse-ear chick- weed).
Stellaria longifolia (stitchwort).
Stellaria media (chickweed).
Arenaria laterflora (sandwort).
Spergularia rubra (sand spurrey).
Spergula arvensis (corn spurrey).
Anychia dichotoma (forked chickweed).
Schleranthus annuus (knawel).
Mollugo verticillata (carpet-weed).
PURSLANE FAMILY.
Portulacca oleracea (common purslane). Claytonia Virginica (spring beauty).
LINDEN FAMILY. Tilia Americana ( American linden or basswood).
GERANIUM FAMILY.
Oxalis stricta (yellow-wood sorrel).
Geranium Carolinianum (cranesbill).
Geranium Robertianum (herb Robert). Impatiens pallida (pale touch-me-not jewel-weed).
Impatiens· fulva (orange touch-me-not jewel-weed).
CASHEW FAMILY.
Rhus toxicodendron (poison ivy). Rhus venenata (poison dogwood). Rhus typhina (sumach). Rhus copallina (dwarf sumach).
VINE FAMILY.
Vitis labrusca (fox grape). Vitis cordifolia (frost grape). Ampelopsis quinquefolia (Virginia creeper).
STAFF TREE FAMILY.
Celastrus scandens (climbing bitter- sweet). SOAPBERRY FAMILY.
Acer spicatum (mountain maple). Acer Pennsylvanicum (striped maple). Acer saccharinum (rock or sugar maple). Acer dasycarpum (white or silver maple).
Acer rubrum (red or swamp maple).
POLYGALA FAMILY.
Polygala sanguinea. Polygala pancifolia (fringed polygala).
62
HISTORY OF HANCOCK, NEW HAMPSHIRE.
PULSE FAMILY.
Trifolium agrarium (yellow-hop clover). Trifolium procumbens (low hop clover). Trifolium arvense (rabbit-fort clover). Trifolium pratense (red clover). Trifolium repens (white clover). Desmodium acuminatum (tiek-trefoil). Robinia pseudneacia (locust-tree).
Aplos tuberosa (wild bean).
Amphicarpan monoica (hog-peanut).
Vicia satira (common betch or tare).
ROSE FAMILY.
Prunus Pennsylvaniea ( wild red cherry). Prunus serotina (wild black cherry).
Prunus Virginiana (choke cherry).
Spirea tomentosa (hardhack).
Spirea salicifolia (common meadow sweet).
Geum rivale (purple or water avens).
Geum strictum (field avens).
Potentilla Norvegica (Norway cinque- foil).
Potentilla Canadensis (five-finger).
Potentilla argentea (silvery five-finger). Potentilla fruticosa (shrubby five-finger). Fragaria Virginiana (wild strawberry). Fragaria vesca.
Dalibarda repens.
Rubus odoratus (purple-flowering rasp- berry.)
Rubus triflorus (dwarf raspberry).
Rubus strigosus (wild red raspberry).
Rubus villosus (high blackberry).
Rubus Canadensis (low blackberry).
Rubus hispidus (running swamp black- berry). Agrimonia eupatoria (common agri- mony).
Rosa Carolina (swamp rose).
Rosa lucida (dwarf wild rose).
Rosa blanda (early wild rose).
Rosa rubiginosa (sweet brier). Cratægus coccinea (scarlet-fruited thorn). Cratægus tomentosa.
Amelanchier Canadensis (June berry, or shadbush).
Pyrus malus (common apple).
Pyrus arbutifolia (common choke berry). Pyrus Americana (mountain ash).
SAXIFRAGE FAMILY.
Ribes cynosbati (wild gooseberry). Ribes lacustre (swamp gooseberry). Ribes prostratum (fetid currant).
Saxifrage Pennsylvanica (swamp saxi- frage).
Tiarella cordifolia (false mitrewort).
Mitella diphylla (two-leaved mitrewort, or bishop's cap).
ORPINE FAMILY.
Penthorum sedoides (ditch stone-crop). Sempervivum tectorum (house leek). Sedum telephium (live-for-ever).
WITCH HAZEL FAMILY.
Hamamelis Virginica (witch-hazel).
EVENING PRIMROSE FAMILY.
Circa lutetiana (enchanter's night- shade).
Epilobium angustifolium (fire-weed).
Epilobium coloratum (fire-weed).
Epilobium palustre (willow herb). Ænothra biennis (evening primrose). Ænothra pumila (evening primrose). Ludwigia palustris (false loosestrife).
MELASTOMA FAMILY.
Rhexia Virginica (deer grass, or meadow beauty).
LOOSESTRIFE FAMILY.
Nexæa verticillata (swamp loosestrife). Lythrum salicaria (spiked loosestrife).
PARSLEY FAMILY.
Hydrocotyle Americana (water-penny- wort).
Sium lincase (water-parsnip).
Carum carni (caraway).
Archangelica atropurpurea (angelica). Heracleum lanatum (cow parsnip).
GINSING FAMILY.
Aralia racemosa (spikenard). Aralia hispida (bristly sarsaparilla).
Aralia nudicaulis (common wild sarsa- parilla).
DOGWOOD FAMILY.
Cornus Canadensis (dwarf cornel, or bunch-berry.)
Cornus circinata (round-leaved dog- wood). Cornus alternifolia. Cornus stolonifera.
Nyssa multiflora (sour-gum tree).
HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY.
Linnæa borealis (twin-flower).
Lonicera cærulea (fly honeysuckle). Diurilla trifida (bush honeysuckle). Virburnum nudum (withe-rod).
Virburnum dentatum (arrow-wood). Virburnum acerifolium (dock mackie). Virburnum lantanoides (hobble-bush).
63
THE FLORA OF HANCOCK.
Sambucus Canadensis (common elder). Sambucus pubens (red-berried elder).
MADDER FAMILY.
Galium asprellum (rough bedstraw). Galium trifidum (small bedstraw). Galium aparine (goose-grass).
Galium triflorum (sweet-scented bed- straw).
Mitchella prepens (partridge berry). Cephalanthus occidentalis (button-bush). Houstonia cærulea (bluets).
COMPOSITE FAMILY.
Cirsium lanceolatum (common thistle). Cirsium arvense (Canada thistle):
Cirsium discolor (two-colored thistle). Cirsium pumilum (pasture thistle).
Cirsium muticum (swamp thistle). Onorpordon acanthium (cotton thistle). Xanthum strumarium(cockleburthistle). Ambrosia artemisiæfolia (Roman worm- wood).
Panacetum vulgare (common tansy).
Artemisia absinthium (common worm- wood).
Erechthites hieracifolia (fireweed).
Gnaphalium polycephalum (everlasting). Gnaphalium uliginosum (low cudweed). Antennaria margaritacea (pearly ever- lasting).
Antennaria plantaginifolia (plantain- leaved everlasting).
Eupatorium purpureum (Joe-tye weed). Eupatorium perfoliatum (thorough- wort).
Tussilage farfau (coltsfoot.) Senecio aureus (golden ragwort).
Inula Helenium (elecampagne).
Solidago bi-color (golden rod). Solidago latifolia. Solidago arguta. Solidago altissima. Solidago Canadensis. Solidago gigantea.
Solidago rigida. Aster corymbosus.
Aster macrophyllus. Aster cordifolius (star wort).
Aster patens. Aster Novæ Angliæ.
Aster puniceus. Aster longifolius. Aster multiflorus (frostweed).
--
Aster tradescanti.
Aster umbellatus. Erigeron Philadelphicum (fleabane).
Erigeron bellidifolium (robins' plantain).
Erigeron strigosum (daisy fleabane).
Erigeron annuum (larger daisy flea- bane).
Erigeron Canadense (horseweed). Achillea millefolium (yarrow).
Maruta cotula (Mayweed).
Chrysanthemum lencanthemum vulgare (whiteweed-ox-eye daisy).
Helenium autumnale (sneeze-weed).
Bidens frondosa (beggar-ticks). Bidens connata (swamp beggar-ticks).
Bidens chrysanthemoides (larger beg- gar-ticks) Heliopsis lævis.
Rendbeckia hirta.
Rendbeckia laciniata (common cone flower).
Cichorum intybus (succory or chiccory). Leontodon autumnale (fall dandelion or hawkbet).
Hieracium Canadense (hawkweed).
Nabalus altissimus (tall white lettuce).
Nabalus albus (common white lettuce).
Nabalus fraseri (lions'-fort).
Taraxicum dens-leonis (dandelion).
LOBELIA FAMILY.
Lobelia cardinalis (cardinal flower). Lobelia inflata (Indian tobacco). Lobelia kalmii.
Lobelia dortmanna (water lobelia).
CAMPANULA FAMILY.
Campanula aparinoides (marsh bell- wort.
HEATH FAMILY.
Gaylussacia resinosa (huckleberry). Gaylussacia frondosa (danglebury).
Vaccinium Pennsylvanicum (early dwart blueberry).
Vaccinium Canadense (high blueberry). Vaccinium corymbosum (high swamp blueberry). Vaccinium oxycoccus (small cranberry). Vaccinium macrocarpon (large cran- berry).
Gaultheria procumbens (checkerberry). Cassandra calyculata (leather-leaf).
Andromeda polifolia.
Andromeda ligustrina. Kalmia latifolia (mountain laurel).
Kalmia angustifolia (lambkill, or sheep laurel). Rhododendron maximum (rhododen- dron).
Azalea nudiflora (election pinks). Clethra alnifolia (white alder).
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HISTORY OF HANCOCK, NEW HAMPSHIRE.
Chiogenes hispedula (creeping snow. berry).
Pyrola rotundifolia. Pyrola ellipticn.
Pyrola chlorantha (wintergreen). Pyrola secunda.
Chimaphila umbellata (pipsissewa). Monotropa uniflora (Indian pipe).
Monotropa hypopitys (false beechdrops).
HOLLY FAMILY.
llex verticillata (black alder).
Nemopanthis Canadensis (mountain holly).
PLANTAIN FAMILY.
Plantago major (plantain).
Plantago lanceolata (ribgrass, or Eng- lish plantain).
PRIMROSE FAMILY.
Trientalis Americana (star flower).
Lysimachia thyrsiflora (loose strife).
Lysimachia stricta. Lysimachia quadrifolia. Lysimachia ciliata.
Anagallis arvensis (poor man's mother glass).
BLADDERWORT FAMILY.
Utricularia inflata (bladderwort). Utricularia vulgaris.
BROOM-RAPE FAMILY.
Epiphegus Virginiana (beech-drops).
FIGWORT FAMILY.
Verbascum thapsus (mullein).
Veronica Americana. Veronica officinalis (speedwell).
Linnaria Canadensis (toad flax). Linnaria vulgaris (butter and eggs). Gerardia tenuifolia. Gerardia pedicularia. Mimulus ringens (monkey flower).
Ilysanthes gratioloides (false pimpernel. Gratiola Virginiana (hedge-hyssop). Chelone glabra (snake-head). Pedicularis Canadensis (lousewort). Melampyrum Americanum (cow wheat).
VERVAIN FAMILY.
Verbena hastata (blue vervain). Verbena urticifolia (white vervain).
MINT FAMILY.
Tencrium Canadense (germander). Trichostema dichotomum (blue curls). Isanthus cærulens (false pennyroyal). Mentha viridis (spearmint).
Mentha piperita (peppermint).
Mentha Canadensis (wild mint). Lycopus Virginiens (bugleweed). Hedeoma pulegioides (American penny. royal).
Collinsonia Canadensis (horse balm). Calamintha clinopodium (basil).
Monarda fistulosa (wild bergamot). Nepeta cataria (catnip).
Nepeta glechoma (ground ivy). Brunella vulgaris (self-heal).
Scutellaria galericulata (skulleap). Galeopsis tetrahip (hemp nettle). Leonurus cardiaca (motherwort). Stachys palustris (hedge nettle).
BORAGE FAMILY.
Echium vulgare (viper's bugloss). Myosotis palustris var laxa (wild forget- me-not).
Echinospermum lappula (stickseed). Cynoglossum morisoni (beggar's lice). Lycopsis arvensis (small bugloss).
CONVOLVULUS FAMILY.
Calystegia sepium (hedge bindweed).
NIGHTSHADE FAMILY.
Solanum dulcamara (bittersweet). Nicandra physaloides (apple of Peru). Datura stramonium (thorn apple).
GENTIAN FAMILY.
Gentiana crinita (fringed gentian). Gentiana Andrewsii (closed gentian). Gentiana saponaria (soapwort gentian). Menyanthes trifoliata (buckbean). Limnanthemum lacunosum (floating heart).
DOGBANE FAMILY.
Apocynum androsæmifolium (dogbane). Apocynum cannabinum (Indian hemp).
MILKWEED FAMILY.
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