USA > New Hampshire > Hillsborough County > Weare > The history of Weare, New Hampshire, 1735-1888 > Part 23
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Gov. John Wentworth's royal power ceased about this time, and he soon left the province. The rule of King George was over, New Hampshire was no more a province, it took the name of " colony," and the congress and Committee of Saftey were supreme.
Most of Weare's men saw only camp service at Cambridge. They were under very loose discipline, and some of them had long furloughs. Many of the short-term men re-enlisted and were sent to other fields of duty.
Fifteen Weare men* were at Bunker hill, in New Hampshire and Massachusetts regiments. Their place was behind the rail fence that extended from the redoubt part of the way east to the Mystic river. Colonels Stark and Reed were with them, and they saw Prescott, who was the commander that day, and General Putnam and Joseph Warren who gave his life to his country. They heard the bombardment, the howl of cannon-balls, saw Charlestown wrapped in flames, witnessed the landing of the British troops, and waited till the red-coats were near enough to show the whites of their eyes before they fired a gun. Then they mowed King George's men down in windrows till, as General Stark said, the dead lay as thick as sheep huddled in a fold. Scores of Americans were killed, but no Weare men were hurt, and they retreated in good order with the rest, only when their ammunition was all spent.
Two battles and the loud calls for troops woke up our town. June 19th, they chose a Committee of Safety, consisting of seven men, with Samuel Caldwell, chairman.t Like committees were
* WEARE MEN IN THE BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL.
Jonathan Page.
John Flanders.
Abraham Webster. Sergt. Wm. Hutchins.
Stockman Sweat. Reuben Trusel.
Jacob Flanders.
Benoni Coburn. Joshua Willet.
Ephraim Hadley. Samuel Silsby. Thomas Shepherd.
Ebenezer Sinclear.
Samuel Caldwell, Jr. Bradbury Mills,
t Weare's first Committee of Safety were Samuel Caldwell, Samuel Philbrick, James Emerson, Ebenezer Bailey, Timothy Worthley, Ithamar Eaton, William Dustin.
197
REMONSTRANCE OF THE COMMITTEE OF SAFETY.
1775.]
chosen in nearly every town in the colony. Their business was to help the patriotic cause; look out for the tories, as the British loyal- ists were called, and report to the Committee of Safety for the state.
There were several "loyal gentlemen " in Hillsborough county, who gave the committees much trouble; William Stark and John Stinson of Dunbarton, Stephen Holland of Amherst, Benjamin Whiting of Hollis and John Quigley of Francestown were the men. The two last were the heroes of the pine tree riot in Weare. There were also several others slightly tinctured with loyalty to King George.
The patriots made it too hot for Stark and Stinson, and they ran away and joined the British army. Stephen Holland got into jail for passing counterfeit money. Whiting had to fly his country, and Quigley shrewdly tried to make his peace and become a patriot. He got a part of the committees of three towns to "whitewash" him, and when people persisted in calling him a tory and treating him as such, he got his friends on the committees to send a remon- strance to the congress at Exeter.
It was a most remarkable document,* and was addressed "To the Honorable the Provincial Congress, Council of War, or Com- mittee of Safety sitting at Exeter." Our town committees did not know exactly what to call the convention. They said, we " think it our indispensable Duty to remonstrate to you Gentl" as the Guardians of our Province the malancholly and unhappy Scit- uation of our Country by reason of a number of Disorderly Persons who lying aside all Reason and Rules prescribed by You Gent]m and the Wisdom of the Continent have set themselves in Battle Array against all order." But they do not tell us who these dis-
* " Remonstrance of the Committee of Safety of New Boston, Francestown and Weare, July 1775.
" To the Honorable the Provincial Congress, Council of War, or Committee of Safety sitting at Exeter in and for the Province of New Hampshire.
" Gentlemen - We the Subscribers being Committees of Safety for our respective Towns think it our indispensible Duty to remonstrate to you Gently as the Guardi- ans of our Province the melancholly and unhappy Scituation of our Country by Reason of a Number of Disorderly Persons who lying aside all Reason and Rules prescribed by You Gentlem and the Wisdom of the Continent, have set themselves as it were in Battle Array against all Order; and pursue with hasty steps the very road to Confusion and Effusion of Blood and therefore from such unnatural Behaviour fearing the worst of Consequences if not speedily prevented and conscious we have done every thing in our Power hitherto within our proper spheres of Action to pre- vent a Consequence so horrible in its Nature and so utterly subversive of Peace and Unity and seeing the dreadful Eve of domestick War now blackening over our heads we now avail ourselves of the last Effort in applying to You Gently in whom this Province has reposed so much Confidence humbly beseeching You in your great wisdom to point out Some more effectual Method than has heretofore been taken, that all Persons who have been fairly and impartially examined and Justly and honourably acquitted of the odious Names Tories and Enemies to their Country may rest in Peace for the future and have an Opportunity by their good Behaviour
198
HISTORY OF WEARE, NEW HAMPSHIRE.
[1775.
orderly persons are, whether tories or patriots. But we judge they mean the patriots, for they want the congress " to point out some more effectual Method that persons who have been fairly and im- partially examined and Justly and honourably acquitted of the odious Names Tories and Enemies to their Country may rest in Peace in future."
It was signed by a majority of the committees for Weare, Fran- cestown and New Boston, and was evidently gotten up by Whiting and Quigley. It was a most remarkable state paper and requires a strong intellect to read and understand it.
Armed with this formidable remonstrance, Esquire Quigley re- paired to Exeter and laid his case of persecution before the congress. They considered it and advised that as he could not have peace at home he had better enlist. So they gave him a letter to Colonel Bedell, who was raising a regiment on the frontier in Coos, to take him into his company and give him a chance to show his faith by his works. Whether he ever enlisted can not be told, but we have never met his name in the rolls .*
What else our Committee of Safety did has not come down to us, but no doubt they were active and worked diligently for the cause, although they might have been deceived sometimes by the tories. Maybe they raised, armed, equipped, provisioned and sent from the " alarm list " and " minute-men " the volunteers to Cambridge and elsewhere.
Recruiting for the army was sharp, and Weare men enlisted to go to New York, Coos and Canada. Lieut. Henry Tuxbury led seventeen to Coos, where, Aug. 2d, they joined Capt. John Parker's
to prove to the World what Malice itself must acknowledge and applaud and unless some such Method be Speedily taken (in our opinion) our County will soon discover that Committees of Safety are but Empty Names and the Distress of Nations our only Asylum and Place of Resort. If the above Remonstrances should appear to you Gently Reasonable and worthy of Notice Your Compliance therewith will con- ferr very great obligations on
" Gentn your most obedt hbe Servts
" New Boston July 18, 1775
" CHARLES MELLEN, JOHN DICKEY, JAMES FISHER, WILLIAM MCMASTER, THOS MCLAUGHLIN,
Comittee of Safety for Francestown
" JAMES MCFARSON WILLIAM MOOR DANIEL MC ALLESTER
Committee for New Boston
" WILLIAM DUSTAN, TIMOTHY WORTHLY EBENEZER BAYLEY SAM PHILBRICK
Committee for Weare "
- Boylston's Hillsborough Co. Congresses, p. 23.
* Provincial Papers, vol. 7, pp. 563, 639.
199
AT THE SIEGE OF ST. JOHN.
1775.]
company in Col. Timothy Bedell's regiment,* and then marched across the Green mountains to Canada. They were at the siege of St. John on the Sorel, the outlet of Lake Champlain, and were present at its surrender. Colonel Bedell, with his regiment alone, captured Chambley, and then they did guard duty at these places, also at La Prairie and the Isle Aux Noix.
Our Weare men camped near the river ; they admired the broad stream, and Jacob Carr, whose home was by the Piscataquog, near Raymond caves, used to say it was more than half a mile wide. He was an eccentric man and liked to tell good stories. Said he: "I was down by the side of the river one day when some British came along, and I thought they would take me sure. But I was bound they should not have my gun, and so I flung it with all my might out into the broad stream. The British did not get me after all," said he, "and in a few days we went over on the other shore. As soon as I could, I went out on the river bank to take a look at things, and I had n't been there but a few minutes before I found my gun, sticking right in the sand. I flung it so hard," said he, "it went clear across, more than half a mile." Mr. Carr told this story so often he really believed it.
None of these men went down the St. Lawrence river to the siege of Quebec, but remained on duty about Montreal. When they thought their time was up, ten Weare men,t with three others, left for home without being regularly discharged. They were called deserters, at the time, but nothing was done about it, and they nearly all enlisted again the next year.
They had a hard time coming home. They got lost in the woods
* " These are the men who went to Canada in Capt John Parker's company and Colonel Timothy Bedell's regiment : .
Age.
Date of Muster
Winthrop Clough.
27
July 10
Ebenezer Quimby.
Age. 20
Date of Muster. July 11
Abraham Melvin
34
66
11
Aaron Quimby ...
41
11
Samuel Worthen.
26
11
Timothy Clough.
35
11
Phinehas Farren
32
11
Joshua Maxfield.
32
66
11
Benjamin Collins
35
11
Jacob Carr.
21
66
11
John Ordway ..
40
66
11
Moses Flood ..
27
66
11
Jonathan Worthly.
23
66
11
Edward Smith.
38
66
15
Samuel Brocklebank
35
11
Nathan Clough.
21
66
10
Jesse Clements.
21
"
11
Henry Tewksbury ..
34
66
10
" They received £2 a month as wages, nine pence a day for billeting and £1 16s. for coat and blanket." - State Papers, vol. xiv, pp. 174, 176, 177.
" Samuel Ardewe [Samuel Ardway] of Weare at this time was in Capt. James Osgood's company. He was mustered July ye 10, was 28 years old and a laborer." - State Papers, vol. xiv, p. 169.
t " The men who left without leave :
" Winthrop Clough, Abraham Melvin,
John Ardeway,
Ebenezer Quimby,
Nathan Ciough, Joshua Maxfield,
Joseph Flood, Timothy Clough."
Samuel Brocklebank, Jacob Carr,
- State Papers, vol. xiv, p. 177.
66
200
HISTORY OF WEARE, NEW HAMPSHIRE.
[1775.
and wandered about for nine days. Their only food was roots and bark, and they were nearly starved. They proposed to kill one of their number and eat him ; the one to be killed to be drawn by lot. Jacob Carr objected unless Josh Maxfield and Joe Flood were left out, for said he " both of them are poison through and through, and if we shall cat any of their carcasses we shall all die." This dispute about who should be killed put it off, and as good luck would have it, they soon came out to a farm-house. Carr said the farmer was very kind to them, gave them all the bread they could eat ; the very best of bread, made of blue clay and sawdust, and that it stood by, so they did not get hungry again for more than two days. Before they got home they had to cross a swollen stream on a small log or pole which bent under their weight; all got over but one; he could not cross ; water deep, ran swift, roared, and his head swam. Carr said he re-crossed, took the dizzy man on his back and lugged him over, the pole bending far down into the stream and the rushing water up to his own knees.
Thus far all the soldiers called for had cheerfully volunteered. But the enthusiasm might die out, and now our provincial congress wanted to be sure that in the future the soldiers would be forth- coming, and maybe it might be necessary to resort to a draft. So they organized the militia. The new regiment that included Weare was the old Ninth revived. John Goffe had been its former commander, but as he was getting old they made Daniel Moore, of Bedford, colonel, and Samuel Philbrick, of our town, captain of the fourth company, which was composed of Weare men.
His commission,* dated Sept. 5, 1775, issued from the congress of the colony of New Hampshire, and bore the great seal. It required Captain Philbrick to carefully and diligently discharge the duties of
* CAPTAIN PHILBRICK'S COMMISSION.
" COLONY OF The CONGRESS of the Colony of New-Hampshire
NEW HAMPSHIRE To SAMUEL PHILBRICK Gentleman - Greeting (=) " We reposing especial Trust and Confidence in your Fidelity, Courage and L.S. good Conduct, Do by these Presents Constitute and Appoint you the said Samuel Philbrick To be Captain of the Fourth Company in the Ninth Regi- ment of Militia within the said Colony of New Hampshire -
" You are therefore carefully and diligently to discharge the Duty of a Captain in leading, ordering and exercising said Company -in Arms both Inferior Officers and Soldiers, and to keep them in good Order and Discipline; hereby commanding then to obey you as their Captain - And Yourself to observe and follow such Orders and Instructions as you shall from Time to Time receive from the Congress of said Colony for the Time being, or (in recess of Congress) from the Committee of Safety, or any your Superior Officers for the Service of said Colony, according to Military Rules and Discipline, pursuant to the Trust reposed in You.
" By Order of the Congress,
MATHEW THORNTON, President
" Exeter the Fifth day of September A D. 1775. " E THOMPSON, Secretary."
201
CENSUS OF WEARE, 1775.
1775.]
his office, in leading, ordering and exercising his men in arms, both inferior officers and soldiers, and to keep them in good order and discipline and commanded them to obey him. It also required him to obey the orders of the Colonial Congress, or in their recess, the Committee of Safety or his superior officers, according to military rules and discipline. It was signed by Matthew Thornton, presi- dent, who, later in the war, was the most patriotic man in the state, and by E. Thompson, secretary, the first to succeed the royal secre- tary, the Rt. Hon. Theodore Atkinson.
Captain Philbrick at once took the oath of office, organized his company and went on to perform his military duties. He was the first captain under the new order of things. Nathaniel Martin, Jonathan Atwood, Caleb Atwood and maybe others had risen to that honor in old provincial times when they lived under the king.
Congress also wished to know just how many men there were in the colony fit for military duty, and it ordered the selectmen of every town to make a census. John Robie and Jeremiah Corliss, two of the selectmen, at once took it in Weare. They found one hundred and seventeen males, from sixteen to fifty years of age, who were minute-men ; eighteen men, above fifty years, who were in the alarm list, and thirty-two persons gone in the army at that time. There were two hundred and forty-eight boys in town, under sixteen years of age; four hundred and twenty-one females and one negro slave. Besides these, there were one hundred and fifty Quakers who had conscientious scruples against war. The number of fire-arms in town fit for use was sixteen, the number wanted was seventy-two, and there was ten pounds of powder. The selectmen signed the census as a true account, and Sept. 9th, sent it to the Committee of Safety .*
Weare had four men in Capt. Henry Dearborn's company in Col. Benedict Arnold's little army that marched through the
* CENSUS OF WEARE, 1775.
" Males under 16 years of age. 248 Males from 16 years of age to 50 not in the Army. 117
All males above 50 years of age. 18
Males from 16 years of age to 50 39
Persons gone in the army. 32
All Males above 50. .. 2 All females. 421
All females 67
150
837
Fire arms
16
The number of fire arms wanted. 72 JOHN ROBIE ¿ Selectmen Account of the powder in Town .... .10 pound. ) JEREH CORLIS for Weare.
" Weare, September 9th 1775. A true account by us" - Prov. Papers, vol. vii, p. 777.
Negroes, Slaves for Life. 1
The number of people called Quakers, 150
Mailes under 16 years of age .. 42
202
HISTORY OF WEARE, NEW HAMPSHIRE.
[1775.
Maine woods to Quebec .* Captain Dearborn was the man who wanted General Stark to move faster at Bunker hill. It was late in autumn when they set out. No one can estimate the hardships they endured. They went up the Kennebec river in boats, pushed them up the rapids, wading in the cold, swift stream waist deep, toiled over the fifteen-mile carry, with only three small ponds where they could rest, to the Dead River, then waded up this swollen stream pushing their boats before them, some borne away in the rapids, all cold, sick, worn out, hungry and disheartened. From the head of the river to Lake Megantic they forced their way through tangled thickets and over pathless mountains now snow- clad. Their last provisions were eaten, their last dog killed and devoured, each man having but a morsel ; roots and bark for days their only food ; and at last their moose-skin moccasins were boiled and swallowed to stay the hunger that was gnawing at their vitals. They set out with eleven hundred men : desertion and death re- duced their number so that they emerged into the French settle- ments with only nine hundred, and with these Arnold marched one hundred and twenty miles to besiege Quebec. At the winter at- tack the brave Montgomery was killed, Arnold severely wounded, and the expedition proved a failure. Our Weare men survived all these hardships and returned safely, long after their term of enlist- ment had expired.
As in the old French war, when winter set in, our men all came home, except those at Quebec, who could not get home. The deserters who left without leave when they thought their time was out got home in November, and the others came the last of Decem- ber.t Most of them, as we have said, enlisted again the next year.
The very last of the year, the town once more in its corporate capacity served the country. At a special town-meeting, held Dec. 18th, John Worth was elected a deputy to the fifth provincial con- vention, as modern writers have been pleased to call it, to be held at Exeter. Our deputy attended to his duty, and Dec. 21st. took the oath of office. This congress did some very important things.
* " Weare men in Arnold's army :
" Abraham Kimball, age 19, Res. Halestown, Farmer, Late of Stark's Regt. 6th Co. private."
" Moses Fellows, age 20, Halestown, Farmer, Latc of Stark's Regt. 10th Co.
"Moses Follingsby, age 23, Weare, Far. Late of Stark's Regt. 7th 9 Co.
" Bracket Leavitt, age 23, Wearc, Taylor, Stark's 7th 10 Co. - State Papers, vol. xiv, pp. 211, 212.
+ " Sergt Aaron Quenbe. Dec. 28 | moses flood .. . Dec. 31
Benjamin Colens .. . Dec. 16 Edward Smith. Dec. 31
Jonathan Worthly.
. Dec. 16 | Henry Tuxberry Dec. 31."
203
CIVIL GOVERNMENT FOR THE COLONY.
1776.]
CHAPTER XX.
THE REVOLUTION.
THE congress at Exeter held a short session and adjourned to Jan. 5, 1776. The Continental Congress had advised to call a full and free representation of the people of New Hampshire, and that the representatives establish such a form of government as in their judgment will best "produce " the happiness of the people and most effectually secure peace and good order in the province during the continuance of the present dispute between Great Britain and the colonies .*
Accordingly when met the convention at once voted that this congress take up civil government for this colony in the following manner and form :-
1. That this congress assume the name, power and authority of a house of representatives or assembly for the colony of New Hampshire.
2. That we choose a council of twelve members to continue till the third Wednesday of December next.
3. No act or resolve shall be valid unless passed by both branches of the legislature.
And then they provided for the public offices, the courts, the raising of money, the militia, the army officers, the county officers and for the choice of future representatives and councillors.
Captain Long and Mr. Sherburn, both of Portsmouth, and ten other deputies protested against this action, and gave nine reasons which they spread upon the record for not thus " taking up Gov- ernment," but without effect. The new government thus organized went on with the affairs of the colony.
Our town chose seven men a Committee of Safety for this year, with Jonathan Martin, chairman .¡ One of their duties, as we have seen, was to transmit to the congress or the Committee of Safety for the colony the names and places of abode of all such persons as they suspect to be in any way inimical to this country, with the causes and evidence of suspicions.
But to more easily find out all persons " disaffected to the cause
* State Papers, vol. viii, pp. 1, 3.
t Committee of Safety for 1776: Jonathan Martin, Samuel Worthing, Nathaniel Fifield, John Mudgett, Jonathan Atwood, Joseph Quimby, Mark Flood.
204
HISTORY OF WEARE, NEW HAMPSHIRE.
[1776.
of America," or who were tories, the " Association Test" was recommended by the Continental Congress, adopted by our pro- vincial congress and sent to all the towns for signatures. All males above twenty-one years of age (lunatics, idiots and negroes ex- cepted) were desired to sign it, and when signed, it was to be returned to the General Assembly or to the Committee of Safety.
To sign it was a bold and hazardous step. Had the cause failed, every signer would have subjected himself " to the pains and penal- ties of treason ; to a cruel and ignominious death." This test was New Hampshire's Declaration of Independence.
"WE THE SUBSCRIBERS, DO HEREBY SOLEMNLY ENGAGE AND PROMISE, THAT WE WILL, TO THE UTMOST OF OUR POWER, AT THE RISQUE OF OUR LIVES AND FORTUNES, WITH ARMS, OPPOSE THE HOSTILE PROCEEDINGS OF THE BRITISH FLEETS AND ARMIES AGAINST THE UNITED AMERICAN COLONIES."
In Weare, one hundred and thirty-one men signed it; twenty- nine Quakers refused, and twelve others, world's people, would not sign .* The selectmen also called these last Quakers, and classed
* SIGNERS IN WEARE.
" Thomas Wortley
Caleb Emery
Thomas Esmon
Joseph Emons
William Dusten
John Muzzey
Jesse Bayley
John Simons
Sam Caldwell
John Worth
Daniel Bayley
John Robie
Joseph Kimball
Timothy Worthley
Ebenezer Bayley Philip Hoit
Ephraim Jones
Sam Philbrick
Stephen Emerson E Cram
Nathan Cram Daniel Gallusha
Jesse Blake
Simon Pearkins Nathan Cram Jr.
Elijah Gove
Jacob Graves
Ezekiel Kimball
Dudley Chase
Isaac Sargent
Josiah Crown
Thomas Kimball
Jonathan Blasdel
Thomas Worthly
Timothy George
Joseph Hunton Moses Hoyt, Jr Jacob Tuxbury
Wintrop Clough
Elijah Green
Peter Rogers, Jr
Nicodemus Watson Samuel Worthen
Benjamin Selly
William Whiteker
Joshua Macfield (?)
Daniel Gould
Benjamin Page
Enos Ferrin Asa Whitieker
George Hoyt Moses Hoit
Moses Folonsbury
Ezra Pillsbory
Timothy Tuxbery
Jonathan Clement
Joseph Webster John Colby
Ithamar Eaton
Jonathan Atwood
Jotham Tuttle
Jonathan Martain
Reuben Martain
Caleb Atwood Eben Mudgit
Philip Sargent
John Huntington
Obadiah Eaton
Aaron Quinbe
Joseph Hadlock
Thomas Colby
Abner Hoyt
Isaac Tuxbury
Joseph Quenbe
Jerediah Cram
Israel Straw
Moses Quimbe
Daniel Hadley
Timothy Corlis, Jr.
Samuel Paige Lemuel Paige
Samuel Selly
Seth Thompson Benjam Flanders John Jewell
John Faar
Jonathan Paige
Jonathan Hadlock
Simeon Hovey
Samuel Paige Jr.
Samuel Easman
Timothy Corles
James Emerson
Enoch Sweat
Jonathan Worthly
Robert Alcock
Samuel Ordway John Colby, Jr
Joseph Hadlock, Jr. Marde Emerson David Moulton John Mudget
William Quembcy "
" COLONY OF To the Hon. Committee of Safety of this Colony, whereas we NEW HAMPSHIRE- ) the Selectmen of Weare have caused this Declaration to be Signed by a Number of men who apears to be well associated, to Defend by arms the United Colonies against the hostile attempts of the British ficets and armics-
" Dated at Weare, June 6th, 1776.
- State Papers, vol. viii, p. 289.
" JOHN ROBIE ¿ Selectmen JABEZ MORRILL } for Weare."
Jeremiah Page Samuel Ayer
Moses Currier
Samuel Brackelbank John Ordway
Ephram Emerson
Joseph Dalts (?)
Nathaniel Weed
Timothy Clough
David Parson
Jacob Sargent
Ezra Clement
Mark Flood
Nathan Goud (?)
Samuel Straw
John Webster
Thomas Evans
Joseph George
Joseph Huse
John Blake
Caleb Whitaker
Jacob Remsdele
Ezekiel Carr
Jabez Morrill
Salvenus Emery
Paul Dusten
Jesse Clement
Moses Flood
205
THE CALL FOR TROOPS.
1776.]
them as such .* But they were not tories, and four of them, Samuel Bailey, George Hadley, Abraham Melvin and Asa Heath, afterwards served in the Continental army.
The house of representatives soon called for troops; every organized town furnished its quota promptly, and Weare sent a large number of men this year into the army.
Col. Timothy Bedell, with his regiment, either took the field early, or with a part of it had remained in Canada during the winter. Weare had two men, April 15th, in Capt. Samuel Young's company. They went to Montreal and were paid £4 for their service.t Later in the season, July 22d, two other Weare men were in Colonel Bedell's regiment.#
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