USA > New Jersey > Documents relating to the Colonial History of the state of New Jersey, Vol. XX > Part 19
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1 See N. J. Archives, IX., 185, note.
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A LL Persons indebted by Book, Bond, or Note, to Mr. William Symonds, late of New-Bruns- wick, are desired within 3 Months from the Date hereof, to pay the same to Anthony White, Esq; or Mr. William Donaldson, in New-Bruns- wick, whom Mr. David Van Horne, as Assignee to the said Mr. Symonds, has impowered to receive and give Acquittance for the same; and those who delay paying the same within that Time, must expect to be sued with- out further Notice. July 31
A Single Person, with a Recommendation capa- ble of teaching Children to read, write and cypher, is wanted at Rariton-Landing, in the County of Middlesex, in New-Jersey, where he'll meet with suitable Encouragement .- The New York Mercury, July 31, 1758.
To the Author of the New American Magasinc.
Mr. SYLVANUS,
A Penny saved is a Penny got.
It is the unhappiness of this province to be situated between two other trading ones, viz. New- York and Pennsylvania : New- York like a load- stone, attracts the produce of one half of the province to the eastward; and Philadelphia, like another, the produce of the other half to the westward. There hath been several efforts made by some publick spirited per- sons, in order to force a trade in each division; but the tender branch, being too much shaded by those trading . cities, has dwindled and died.
To establish a flourishing sea trade, seems to me at- tended with many difficulties, and I am not now going to propose it: There is however ways and means left
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in our Power, whereby we may be much richer than we are, tho' perhaps not so rich as our neighbours, and as frugality was the subject on which I set out, I shall con- fine this paper chiefly on that head as one means pro- posed .- It is well known by numbers in this province, that the eastern division is greatly indebted to New- York, and the western to Philadelphia ; that we pay large sums of money to the userers of both cities yearly; the reason is owning to the scarcity of money in the prov- ince, and that scarcity is occasioned in a great measure, by the importation of dry goods; for vast sums of money are carried to those cities yearly to purchase goods, a great part of which we might do very well without; and if we did, so much of the money arising from the sale of our produce, would consequently center in the province; and we should be enabled to lend to those who are im- proving the country: This is not all, if we were richer, we should not be under the necessity of a speedy sale of our produce, and might frequently command the mar- kets of those two cities, their trade depending very much upon the Jersies.
I am well assured, by the experience of substantial farmers, that where the lands suit sheep, scarce any thing can be raised by them more profitable; they eat little hay, and are both wintered and summered cheap, and the profit arising from them, is more than can at first be imagined. If more of them were raised, and the wool manufactur'd among us, the advantage would speedily be felt; which makes me wish it was someway encouraged by the legislature; for notwithstanding the exportation of woollen is forbid, there would be a great consumption among ourselves.
I would also propose, that a linnen manufacture be encouraged; our lands are capable of producing the
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best flax, and if the people of this province had not got into a pernicious custom of looking to England and Ireland for their linnen, we might do much better. I am very sensible the scarcity of hands and price of labour will much obstruct the manufacturing either linnen or woollen; and in order to propose a remedy in part, though very much a stranger to calculations, I will for once make a rough one; and suppose there are in the province of New-Jersey, 10,000 families, who might, I believe, on an average, if they were so inclined, make to the value of 6 1. per year, of either linnen or woollen homespun; this only amounts to 60,000 1. out of which deducting 10,000 1. for what I guess may be at present manufactured; there will remain 50,000 1. gain to the province, which in ten years will amount with its inter- est to about 700,000 1. no inconsiderable sum to save. and would help to add to the number of hands. And I could wish to see the time when each farmer, and each family within this province, would vie with each other, which should have upon their backs, and in their houses, the greatest quantity and the best homespun; it would be a noble emulation; it would be a serving themselves and serving their country. It would open a mine of gold in the province, and in time we should be rich enough to force a trade. This would greatly help to pay our taxes, and free our lands from mortgages. And I am sure it must afford pleasure to a farmer (if he is a man of sense) to think as he walks about his business, that the cloaths on his back, are the produce of his farm, the spinning of his wife, or perhaps his promising daughter : and surely it must be some satisfaction to a young woman, to carry about her something, which without flattering, can tell with truth her industry, and ingen- uity, and strongly demonstrate her chastity, and rec-
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ommend her ability to fill with reputation the station of a wife. I know there are numbers of parents, who had rather see their daughters clad with their own home- spun industry, than trigged off in their paduasways, though the expence of the first should be the greatest : And there are some young men of the best reputation, who have discerning enough to see, that a homespun is more captivating than a Mantua.
It certainly must be some satisfaction for a mother to tell her daughter, Such and such things are my own spinning ; this set of curtains, this coverlid, these pair of sheets, and these napkins, I finished before I was married ; this I began and finished afterwards, and these are all my own spinning.
Virtue and industry are near akin; she that is indus- trious proclaims to the world she is virtuous, and vir- tue is amiable in the eyes of all her beholders; and to those who are observers of her dictates, there's an en- joyment inexpressible, and she is in truth her own re- warder.
When I was a young man, I used to think those girls I came across, who were neatly dressed in homespun, to be destined to make the conjugal state happy, and conceited them genteeler and handsomer than others; but I suppose it was because they looked more innocent.
I would now direct myself to the young men of our province, and let them know, they were not born for themselves; there is a duty owing from them to serve their country; they ought to serve it in the best man- ner they are able, as individuals, by promoting its growth, and encouraging the manufacturing its natu- ral products to the best advantage. And I would rec- ommend to them, as one necessary step thereto, the prudent choice of a wife: I shall not descend into par-
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ticular directions to them on this head, further than to put them in mind, that she that carries marks of indus- try upon her back, strongly recommends herself.
It's quite likely I shall have more commenders of my scheme than putters in execution; for many people are so weak as to be asham'd to wear homespun, while in fact it's a shame for farmers and others that can have it of their own making to wear much else: And to induce them to think so, I could wish the legislature would pass an act, to give a bounty on every yard of linnen or wool- len made in the province: a sum of money thus laid out would encourage industry, and as it would only change hands, advantage might arise from its circulation only.
I am very sensible the execution of my scheme effec- tually will depend very much upon the young women of the province; in order therefore to emulate them, I propose half a dozen chairs (or something else of the houshold kind) to be given to each young woman, that on the marriage day can make it appear, she can dress herself completely with her own spinning, her stays and head linnen excepted, and can fit out a bed with com- plete furniture of her own spinning likewise: The work- manship and wood of which chairs shall be answerable to the goodness of the homespun. It may be objected, that encouraging the manufacturing of woollen may meet with discouragement at home: But I apprehend, while its exportation is forbid, no injury can arise to them, rather an advantage, because it may the better enable us to pay them the large debt we contract every year: And I am mistaken, if Great-Britain does not find it necessary in a few years, to allow us greater privileges than we at present enjoy, to put us in a capacity to pay them the better. Like other Jerseymen, I am not much of a Merchant, but from what I can collect from others
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the debt New- York and Pennsylvania contract for them- selves and us, encreases largely every year, and the means of paying hath been decreasing in a greater pro- portion, so that its likely in time we may be frugal of necessity. Notwithstanding the subject of this essay may appear trifling to some, I apprehend it a matter that merits some notice; I can say at least what is of- fered, are the honest sentiments of
B. C. CAESARIA.
P. S. It might not be amiss to have an inscription upon the chairs, something to this purpose, Given by the publick to N. M. as a reward for her industry. -The New American Magazine, for July, 1758.
Remainder of the List of Letters begun in our last William Murdock, Salem. To the Minister of the Sev- enth-Day Sabbath Meeting, at Cohansie; Daniel M'Lane, Allen's-Town; Daniel M'Muskey, Cumberland County; Robert Price, Haddonfield; Dr. - Pasch- all, Salem; Lazarus Pine, Gloucester; Robert Patter- son, Pilesgrove. Elizabeth Richards (3) Allen-Town. John Sullivan, Allens-Town. Caffery Taylor, New- Jersey. Thomas Willard, Gloucester County; Capt. Matthew West, East New Jersey.
Custom-House, Philadelphia. Cleared. Sloop Abi- gail, Peter Groves, to Salem .- The Pennsylvania Ga- sette, No. 1545, August 3, 1758.
NEW-CASTLE, July 25th, 1758.
WHEREAS a certain Job Wolford, of Hunterdon Coun- ty, in the Western Division of NEW-JERSEY, upwards of two Years ago put a Bond into my Hands due to him from one Jonathan Stout, in order to recover the Money;
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and the same was shortly after recovered, and still re- main in my Hands: NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, that the said Job Wolford, if alive, or Dead, his Executors or Administrators, or any Person or Persons by him or them lawfully Authorized, may have the same Money, upon application to the Subscriber, who practises the Law at New Castle.
Thomas M'Kean. 1 -- The Pennsylvania Journal, No. 817, August 3, 1758.
Boston, July 31. We hear from Albany, That Col. Doty's, the New-York, New-Jersey and Rhode-Island Regiments had march'd from Lake George for the Ger- man-Flats.
1 Susan McCain (probably widow of William McKean), of New Lon- don, Chester County, Penn., in her will, dated December 28, 1730, de- vised her lands to two sons-William McCain and Thomas McCain. William, her oldest son, was born in Ireland in 1707. He kept a tavern in what is now known as Chatham, New London, until 1741, when he removed to Londongrove, an adjoining township, where he kept tav- ern, and in 1745 removed to Londonderry, where he followed the same business. He married, 1st, Letitia Finney, who died in 1742; 2d, Anne Logan, widow of James Logan, who had preceded him as tavern keeper at Londonderry; she died in 1751. He died November 18, 1769. He left issue (among others) by his first wife:
1. Robert, born July 13, 1732. He studied medicine, and was mission- ary at New Brunswick for several years, and at Perth Amboy, from February, 1763, until his death, October 17, 1767.
2. Thomas, born March 19, 1734, in New London, Penn. After receiv- ing a preparatory education under the Rev. Francis Allison, D. D., he entered the office of a relative, David Finney, at Newcastle, Del., as a law student, and was admitted to the bar in 1754 (before he was twenty-one), so superior was his reputation as a student. In 1756 he was appointed prosecutor of the pleas in Sussex County, Del. He was admitted to the bar of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court, April 17, 1758. He then went to England, and entered the Middle Temple, May 9, 1758, to pursue his law studies. June 20, 1765, he was licensed to practice in the New Jersey Courts. He was a member of the Legislature from Newcastle, 1762-1779; was a delegate to the Stamp Act Congress of 1765, and was elected to the Continental Congress in 1774, and served in that body several years, being one of the Signers of the Declaration of Inde- pendence, and President in 1781. He was Chief Justice of Pennsylva- nia, 1777-1799. In 1799 he was elected Governor of Pennsylvania, by the Republicans, and immediately began a wholesale system of removals of his politcal opponents from office. He was re-elected in 1802 and 1805, serving nine years of most turbulent experience as Governor. He mar- ried, 1st, July 21, 1763, Mary Borden, oldest child of Col. Joseph Borden, of Bordentown, N. J .; she died March 12, 1773, in her 29th year. He married, 2d. September 3, 1774, Sarah Armitage, of Newcastle. He died June 24, 1817. His widow died May 6. 1820 .- McKean Genealogy, by Rob- erdeau Buchanan, Lancaster, Pa., 1890; Lives of the Governors of Penn- sylrania, by William C. Armor, Philadelphia, 1873, 289, 307.
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New- York, August 7. Extract of a Letter from Al- bany, dated July 24, 1758.
"A few Days ago, the worthy and brave Col. PETER SCHUYLER, set out from Fort Edward, escorted by a Party of Highlanders, in order to return to Canada, agreeable to his Parole. We hear he was received at Ticonderoga, with the greatest Courtesy, by Monsieur Montcalm, and all the Regular Officers there, that the General had wrote to Montreal in order to have him exchanged for some French Officers lately taken, but that the Colonel was to leave Ticonderoga the 27th, and from thence was to proceed to Montreal.
To be SOLD,
A Likely Negro Girl, aged about 17 Years; ca- pable of doing all sorts of Business, both of City and Country. Enquire of James Haw- kens, who keeps the Way-Hawke1-Ferry- House at the North-River .- The New York Mercury, August 7, 1758.
LIST of LETTERS at the Post-Office, in Trenton.
A.
Mary Anderson, and Susannah Adams, Trenton; William Applegate, Cramberry.
B.
Francis Banford, and Dr. John Ballard, Hopewell; Noah Bowen, Salem County ; Timothy Baker, Maidenhead; Sarah Burtis (2), Penington; Pre- serve Brown, Nottingham; John Brown, Crosswicks, Henry Bonnill, Falls Township; Stephen Barton, Hopewell; Benjamin Boid, Trenton.
D.
John Dusinberry, Bethlehem ; John Dougherty, and James Dougherty, Hunterdon County ; Elizabeth Davis. Trenton; George Danser, 'Allentown. E. William Even.
F.
Samuel Farnsworth, Bordentown; Samuel Flemming, Amwell ; Andrew Forster, Hopewell.
1 Weehawken.
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G.
Patience Garrison (2) Allentown; Thomas Ginks, Bucks County ; Louis Gordon, Esq; (2) Bordentown.
H.
William Hutchison, Middlesex County ; Jolin Hart, Hopewell; Joseph Hart, Esq; Hunterdon County; Isaac Horner, near Trenton; Nancy How- ard, Bucks County ; Solomon Hall, Cumberland County, Rnth Hall, New- Jersey.
J.
Joseph Jesert, Somerset County ; Capt. Joseph Johnson, Amwell.
Jonathan Knipe (2) William Kirkpatrick. K.
M.
Michael M'Donald, Allentown; Mrs. Musgrove, near Prince-Town; Zachariah M'Daniel ; John Maxwell, Hunterdon County; Lientenant M'Keane; Dr. Alexander Moore, Bordentown; Henry Mash, Allentown.
P.
Elihu Parr; John Purrell, Kingwood; Edward Pancoast, Bordentown; Thomas Prior, Yeardly's Ferry.
R. William Rhea; Isaac Rogers, Allentown; John Reed, Maidenhead. S.
Daniel South, Kingston; Lydia Story, Allentown; John Shepperd, Shrewsbury; Adam Smith, Trenton; Hezekiah Smith, Hopewell; John Smith, junior, Maidenhead; Rachel Stont, Hunterdon County; Gilbert Smith, Bordentown.
T.
Henry Thomas and John Taylor, Trenton; George Taylor, Derham Iron-works.
V. Lycha Vandyke.
W.
Thomas Wilson, Esq; Pennsylvania; Noah Wells near Trenton.
- The Pennsylvania Gasette, No. 1546, August 10, 1758.
RUN-away on the 7th day of June last from the plan- tation of Charles Read, Esq; at the Breesey-ridge, in Burlington county, an English servant man named Jos- eph Dealy, born in Buckinghamshire, is about 5 feet 6 inches high, about 45 years of age, and has been a sol- dier, is a quiet still fellow when sober, but apt to get in liquor; and then very talkative. Had on when he went
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away a halfthick jacket with leather buttons, good ozna- brigs shirt, tow cloth trowsers, good shoes and brass buckles in them. Whosoever takes up said servant, and secures him, in any goal in New-York, New-Jersey or Pennsylvania, and notice thereof given to me, within twenty days after his commitment, shall have Twenty Shillings reward, and all reasonable charges paid by
HUGH DUNN.
- The Pennsylvania Journal, No. 819, August 17, 1758.
NEW-YORK, August 14.
[Thursday last] came into Port, two Sloops and a Schooner, which were taken about six Weeks ago, by Captain Canton, in a Privateer Brig belonging to Ber- muda, bound from Hispaniola for St. Eustatia. They pretend to be Dutch Property, and are loaded with Sugar, Coffee and Indigo. The Privateer is yet at Sandy Hook.
Stolen from the Subscriber, of Amwell Township, in Hunterdon County, New-Jersey, on the Seventh of this instant August, a dark bay horse branded on the near Shoulder I. N, likewise on the buttock S; has one white Foot behind, a Star in his Forehead, about 13 Hands and a Half high, goes a travelling Pace, and is newly trimmed. Whoever secures the Thief and Horse, shall have Forty Shillings Reward, or the Horse only Thirty Shillings and reasonable Charges paid by
Isaac Woolverton.
-The Pennsylvania Gazette, No. 1547, August 17, 1758.
Burlington, July 25. The General-Assembly of this
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Province met here this Day, when his Excellency was pleased to make the following Speech in both Houses.
Gentlemen of the Council, and Gentlemen of the General Assembly :
AVING received His Majesty's Commands to serve him in this high Office, I reflect with great Pleasure, that I am to preside over a Province that has given repeated Proofs of its Loyalty to the King, and Affection to His Person and Government; and promise myself, that whilst I am endeavoring to follow the Example of my Great Master, by making the Welfare of His Subjects the sole Object of my Care, I shall receive from you all the Assistance which a grateful People can give to the Government of the best of Kings.
The Excellency of the English Constitution, consists in a due Ballance of its several Powers. For my Part, I cannot more certainly recommend myself to my Royal Master. than by preserving the Rights and Privileges of his People; nor can you more effectually serve the People, than by supporting the Power and Authority of the Crown.
Under such an Union, established in and directed by the known Laws of our Country, I hope we shall be able to support and defend this Province in the Time of Danger; and to cultivate and adorn it when it shall please God to grant us Peace.
Upon my Arrival here, I found the Frontiers of the Province infested with Indians. As the President had before ordered some Detachments of Militia to reinforce the Frontier Guard, I, with the Advice of you, Gentle-
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men of the Council, ordered a further Reinforcement, but with a very sparing Hand, being apprised of the In- conveniences it must be to the Country, to order Men from their Business at that Time of the Year. I have since relieved those that were first ordered, by fresh De- tachments from other Regiments, that I might make this necessary Service as little burthensome to Particu- lars, as possible.
As soon as I had taken Care of this necessary Busi- ness, I went to Philadelphia, at the Desire of General Forbes, and the Lieutenant-Governor of that Province, to confer with them concerning the best Means of put- ting a Stop to these Irruptions, and preventing them for the Future. With their Advice, and the Approbation of all the Principal Persons of this Province, that I had an Opportunity of consulting, I sent a Message to the Minisink and Pompton Indians. Which Message, to- gether with their Answer, shall be laid before you.
Gentlemen of the General Assembly
I recommend to you to provide for the Expences al- ready incurred in the several Businesses which I have before mentioned, and that in estimating the Compen- sation to be made to those of the Militia, who have served in the Room of the established Forces, you will have Regard to the Time of Year in which they were obliged to march. But I am especially bound, most earnestly to desire, that you would effectually provide for the Defence of the Frontiers for the Future: Many of the Enemies you have to deal with, are not known; or, if known, at a great Distance from you; and if we can depend on those with whom we cultivate Peace, there will yet remain many whose Savage Natures no Acts of Friendship or Benevolence can civalize and re- claim: You must therefore, at all Events, and at all
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Times, consider your Frontier to be in a State of War: And as it is the singular Happiness of this Province, that it is able to form an impassable Barrier against the com- mon Enemy; neglect not this Advantage, but establish Peace and Security on your Borders; and you will, by the Increase of the Strength and Wealth of the Prov- ince, which will necessarily follow, be amply repaid for the Charge of defending of it.
Gentlemen of the Council, and Gentlemen of the General Assembly.
I come among you with a Heart entirely devoted to the Service of this Country; the Care of which must now become my sole Business: And I trust, that my Assiduity and Integrity will most properly recommend me to your good Opinion. Until they are better known to you, than they can be at present, I must desire you to give me Credit for that Confidence, which will be necessary to enable me to exert myself to the best Pur- poses of your Service. And may the great God, on whom we must all depend for Success in our Undertak- ings, so direct our Councils, that they may be most con- ducive to the Supreme of all Laws, the PUBLICK SAFETY.
FRA. BERNARD.
Burlington, July 25, 1758.
On the 27th the House of General-Assembly waited on his Excellency with the following ADDRESS.
To his Excellency FRANCIS BERNARD, Esq; Captain General and Governor in Chief in and over His Maj- esty's Province of Nova-Cesarea, NEW JERSEY, Chan- cellor, and Vice-Admiral in the same, &c.
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May it please your Excellency,
W E His Majesty's dutiful and loyal Subjects the Representatives of the Colony of New- Jersey, in General-Assembly convened, beg Leave to Congratulate your Excellency on your safe Arrival with your Lady and Family: And, in the Name of the Inhabitants of this Province, do give the Whole a hearty Welcome.
Among many recent Proofs of parental Regard, which the Provinces of North-America have received from His Majesty; the Appointment of your Excellency to be our Governor in this Time of common Difficulty, is a Part which very much pleases such amongst us, as have had an Opportunity of your Acquaintance.
Were your Excellency's personal Qualifications un- known, and you a Stranger, yet your Appointment to that honourable Station, since the late glorious Revival of British Wisdom and Spirit, would have been an ef- fectual Recommendation to our Confidence, a Part wherein, we can very readily credit your Excellency: But at the same Time must beg a mutual Return, and hope for the Continuance of your favourable Senti- ments.
As the little Time you have spent amongst us, has given us an Opportunity to form rational Prepossessions in your Excellency's Favour, permit us to say, That as far as those may be allow'd the Test of Futurity, the united Calls of Gratitude and Duty, oblige us, on this Occasion, to every respectful Acknowledgement, that a free People can pay to a gracious Sovereign. As such, we shall take the several Matters recommended by your Excellency, into immediate Consideration, and do
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therein as we shall apprehend may most conduce to that Supreme of all Laws, the PUBLICK SAFETY,
By Order of the House, ROBERT LAWRENCE, Speaker.
Burlington, July 27, 1758.
To which his Excellency was pleased to return the fol- lowing
ANSWER.
GENTLEMEN,
Heartily thank you for this kind and affection- ate Address; wherein you give such earnest Expressions of your Duty and Gratitude to His Majesty, and your favourable Opinion of me His Servant. From these happy Auspices, I prom- ise myself, that such a firm and lasting Harmony will be established among us, that will be productive of the best Consequences to the Common Weal of this Prov- ince.
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