History of the First Presbyterian Church, Morristown, N.J., 1742-1882 pt 1, Part 59

Author: First Presbyterian Church in Morristown (N.J.)
Publication date: 1880
Publisher: Morristown, N.J. : "Banner" Steam Print
Number of Pages: 942


USA > New Jersey > Morris County > Morristown > History of the First Presbyterian Church, Morristown, N.J., 1742-1882 pt 1 > Part 59


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Sworn before me John Budd, Justice. Note. In other Depositions, it was proposed to carry Horses and bring Negroes and sell them in New-York Colony, or New-Eng- land, and that he stole a Negro and sold him on Long Island. and had several times of 2 or 3 Horses, at first setting out, made 10 or 14 of them, before he came to Mary- land or Virginia, to sell them. He particu- larly mentioned Powtowmack for stealing Negroes from the new Plantations, where abundance of them are under Overseers. Its well known that Burcham is gone with Hillyard, and believed Fitzrandolph also.


John Haywood, of full Age, deposeth, That on or about the 22d Day of April last past, in the Forks of the North Branches of Raritan River in said County, one Ben- jamin Hillyard, late from Potowmack River in Maryland, or Virginia but formerly of The New- York Gazette, June 26, 1732. Piscattaway in New Jersey, Black-Smith, Took this Deponent aside, and there spoke A SUNDAY IN THE FIRST CHURCH. BETWEEN 1800 AND 1825. to this Deponent as follows, viz : That one Timothy Burcham, and others were HISTORICAL SERMON BY THE PASTOR, PREACHED 13TH APRIL 1884. d-ned fools. that they would not be per- suaded to go with him, with whom they might get Money as fast as Heart could (Concluded.) wish. Then added, D-n it, I'll show land I wonder at the temerity which thus


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undertook to fence the Lord's tabl, for logically it is a usurpation over privat judg- ment of the same sort as the Romish denjal of the cup to the laity.]


I would urge upon you all a more general interest in the classes for the instruction of the young, which are held on every Sabbath morning before meeting. [Under date of 30 Jan. 1816, in the pastorate of Dr. Mc- Dowell, the Minutes of the Session contain the following : "The order of the Synod in regard to the formation of societies for the instruction of the young in the Scriptures was red, & the Moderator was appointed to draw a plan for the establishment and re- gulation of such societies or classes." This was probably the outgrowth of the idea suggested by the Rev. Robert Finley, of Baskingridge, which received the en- dorsement of the General Assembly in 1815 : and undoutedly the origin of the Sunday- school of this Church.]


The "long prayer" foloes the notices, occupying about twenty-five minutes, during which the congregation stands. Then the minister takes up Watts' Psalms and Hymns, the only collection ever yet allowed in the Meeting house, and an- nounces " Psalm 51st, 2d part, long metre." On opening to the place, we find that the title reads : " Original and actual sin con- fessed." We sit to sing the Psalm, and at its close, the pepermints and sweet-flag having bin unrold from the corners of hand- kerchiefs, we are prepared to listen to the sermon. This does not impress us very much at first, since the exordium contains many generalities and much labord inter- pretation ; but as the preacher gets into his subject, and especially when he has warmd up to the improvement of his theme, we feel his power more and more. The tears stream copiously down his own face in the fervor of his appeals, and nearly every one in the congregation is weeping. We jot down a few of the closing sentences, but cannot copy their eloquence and power of pathos and persuasion. The preacher says : "From this subject, we see what excludes men from Heaven. It is not a want of ful- ness and freeness in the plan of mercy. It is not that God is unwilling to save the sinner. It is simply because yon will not be saved. You choose your own pride, your own vanity, your own lust, your own course in life-the path that leads to hell- No other being will bear the guilt but your- selves-forever and forever, you will welter in eternal woe, bearing your guilt unpitied | of Watts in use by Mr. Barnes.]


and alone-Nor will it be a trifling crime to be damned. It is not a thing which you are. at liberty to choose. You have no right to go down to hell and become the eternal enemy of God. You are under solemn ob- ligations to be saved. Let me also remind you, if you go from this place to woe, you will inherit no common damnation. Here this amazing plan of God's mercy has been presented again and again. Here God's Spirit has striven. Many of you have been before awakened and lived through revi- vals of religion. Others have pressed into the Kingdom ; and you have felt and known, that you must repent or die. Go home this day, impenitent sinner, if God spares a rebel like you to get home-go home and reflect, that if you pass through this revival un- moved, the probability is that you will be damned, and the certainty is, that you only will be to blame if you are. I do not say that you will certainly be lost. I say that a most fearful probability thunders perdition on your guilty path. What should move you hereafter if you are not moved now ? You know your duty, and your doom if you do it not. You are in the hands of a Sov- ereign God. There I leave you. I have no other power than to spread out the scheme of mercy-to entreat you by the love of Jesus, and the mercy of God, and the value of the soul, to embrace the offer of life ; and if you will perish, I must sit down and weep as I see you glide to the lake of death. Yet I cannot see you take that dread plunge- see you die, die forever, without once more assuring you that the offer of the Gospel is freely made to you. While you linger this side the fatal verge, that shall close life and hope and happiness, I would once more lift up my voice and say ; see, sinner, see a God of love. He comes to you. He fills the Heaven, the skies, the earth. Hear his voice as it breaks on the stillness of this house. Listen to the accents of the ever- living God-" As I live I have no pleasure in the death of the wicked, but rather that he turn and live : turn ye, turn ye, for why will ve die ?" Then in an earnest, heartfelt prayer, he bears the congregation to the throne of grace; imploring the Lord to spare this people, and save these dying sin- ners. "Oh, most holy, blessed and merciful Saviour, deliver them not into the bitter pains of eternal death ! Amen."[1]


Another Psalm is sung, the benediction is pronounced, and we pass out with the husht and awed assembly, to ponder what we have herd, while we eat our lunch, in a sheltered spot, during the intermission be- fore the second services at 2 o'clock.[2]


[1. From close of Mr. Barnes' sermon on " Way of Salva- tion."


2. At service when this Historical sermon was preacht, the Scripture lessons were red from Pulpit Bible presented by Col. Jacob Ford before 1777. and the hymns from the Pulpit copy


THE RECORD


FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, MORRISTOWN, N. J. " THIS SHALL BE WRITTEN FOR THE GENERATION TO COME."-Psalms 102 : 18.


VOLUME V.


JULY, 1885. NUMBER 31.


[Printed with the Approval of the Session. ]


THE RECORD


Is published monthly ; terms $1.00 a year, in advance. Single numbers for any month, 10 cents each. Subscriptions should be made to Mr. James R. Voorhees. Matters pertaining to the publication should be addressed to the


EDITOR OF THE RECORD.


Entered at the Post Office at Morristown, N J., as second class matter.


AN UNSIGNED PLEDGE.


On March 28th, 1884, a pledge was sent to the Treasurer of the Manse Building Fund, for $18., but the sender neglected to sign it. Will the person who sent the pledge please give the name, and also oblige the Commit- tee by an early payment ?


J. R. VOORHEES,


Treasurer.


WOMAN'S FOREIGN MISSIONS.


The regular meeting of the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society will be held on Monday afternoon, July 13th, in the Chapel, at 4 o'clock. An interesting prograin is in progress, and a full attendance is hoped for.


WOMAN'S HOME MISSION.


The meeting of the Home Missionary So- ciety, held on June 8th, was well attended, and an increasing interest in the cause of missions was manifested.


The question of assuming the support of a teacher was freely discussed, and finally decided by the selection of Mrs. R. W. D. Bryan, of Albuquerque, New Mexico, as our teacher.


It was considered advisable to appropri- ate the remainder of the funds to mission work among the Mormons.


SUPPLEMENT.


Publication of the Minutes will be discon- tinued for a few months. In the meantime the " Combined Registers, 1742 to 1885," of which the first eight pages were published in Feb., will be continued ; the Supplement for this month beginning with "Phebe. daughter of Nathaniel and Rachel Arm- strong," and extending to "Anne Ayres, dis- missed 19 April, 1815 to N. Y."


This list in the Combined Registers is in- tended to contain all the names, with all the facts of record opposite each name, from all the Registers of the Church, arranged in al- phabetical order. Great pains have been taken to make the list complete and accu- rate, but it is beyond hope that the list is free from errors ; corrections will be thank- fully received.


Requests from any persons who prefer not to have dates of birth, baptism, &c., printed after their own names or those of their ancestors, will be cheerfully complied with.


EVERY WEEK.


Sunday : Church Services, 10:30 A. M. and 7:30 P. M. School of the Church, 3 P. M. Young People's prayer meeting, 6:45 P. M. .


Tuesday : Pastor at home afternoon and evening.


Thursday: Church Mid-week service of. Prayer, 7:45 P. M.


CALENDAR FOR JULY.


2. Thursday : Good Counsel and Bad, i Kings, xii. 6-17.


5. Sunday : 10:30 A. M .; Collection for debt of Foreign Missions ; 6:45 P. M. ; Joy, Ps. cxxvi.


9. Thursday : An easy Religion and its


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Motive, 1 Kings xii. 25-33 ; Missions : Ameri- can Indians.


12. Sunday : 6:45 P. M .; Praise, Ps. cxlviii.


16. Thursday : A Father's bad Influence extending to his Children and his grand- children, I Kings xvi. 23-34.


19. Sunday : 6:45 P. M .; Watching, Matt. 24, 42, 51.


22. Wednesday : 4 P. M .; Session Meet- ing.


23. Thursday : The Riches of Poverty, 1 Kings xvii. 1-16.


26. Sunday : 6:45 P. M .; Confessing Christ, Rom. x. 6-10.


30. Thursday : A Time for Boldness, I Kings xviii. 1- 18.


31. Friday : 3:30 P. M. ; Preparatory Lec- ture ; Baptism of Infants.


THE SCHOOL OF THE CHURCH --- REPORT FOR THE 69th YEAR.


Number of Officers, 7; of Teachers, 48; of Scholars in Primary Class, 90; of Schol- ars in Main room, 267 ; total membership, 412.


Changes : New scholars, 40; scholars withdrawn or moved away, 36; died, I.


Contributions : For School window in Manse, $190. : for Missions, $569.89.


Church-members : 7 officers ; 48 teachers ; 86 scholars ; total, 141 ; scholars received to Communion during the year, 7.


Attendance : Present at every service ; 1 officer, 9 scholars. Average attendance, 245; largest, 273 ; smallest, 108 ; of officers, 7 ; of teachers, 38 ; of scholars, 200. The follow- ing are the names of those who have been present at every service during the year : Sadie Whitehead and Nettie Pierson, of Miss C. J. Pierson's class; John Berry, of Mr. Wm. B. Conklin's class ; Eva Powelson, of Mr. Geo. E. Voorhees' class ; Fred.Guerin, of Mr. Geo. A. Drake's class ; Ella Potts, of Miss Lizzie VanPelt's class ; Lizzie Struble, of Miss Rosa Crane's class ; Eugene Stru- ble, of Mr. A. W. Conklin's class ; Mr. Ed- ward Fleury and Mr. Frank Whitehead.


Volumes in Library, 485.


Appropriated by the Parish for the ex- penses of the school, $200.


The following scholars have committed


to memory the Shorter Catechism during the year : Anna Hall and Alice Hall, of Miss Abby Pierson's class ; Edgar Martin, of Miss Emma VanPelt's class ; Charles Smith, of Mr. A. W. Conklin's class ; Hat- tie A. Boyd, of Miss Cornie Stone's class ; and Anna G. Bonnell, of Mrs. VanDoren's class.


Banner Classes. To be a Binner Class all the members must be present and all must contribute to the mission cause. The classes of Miss Augusta Stone and Mr. E. T. Caskey have fulfilled these requirements 23 Sun- days, and therefore divide the honor of Banner Class for the year. Other classes have fulfilled the conditions and been Ban- ner Classes, as follows :


Miss Minnie Mills' class, for 18 Sundays.


Mrs. Sadie Johnson's 17


Mr. Wm. B. Conklin's 17


Miss Lucy Johnson's "


15


I 2


Fanny Easton's ..


Willis' II


C. Stone's .. ..


16 Lizzie VanPelt's " .


IO


Mr. Geo. E. Voorhees' " IO


New Classes : Three have been formed in the Main room from the Primary ; and two important Bible Classes have been formed, during the year.


Officers for the ensuing year : Charles D. Platt, Superintendent ; Phil. B. Pierson, Secretary and Treasurer ; and Charles Bird, Librarian.


CHILDREN'S MISSIONARY SOCIETY.


Report of the Treasurer of the Children's Missionary Society of the First Presby- terian Church of Morristown, N. J., from March 29th, 1885, to June 28th, 1885 :


RECEIPTS.


Balance cash in bank, $66.51


March 29, Collection, 10.93


Collections taken in April, 46.61


" May, 54.48


" June, 30.35


-$208.88


DISBURSEMENTS.


April 7. Printing Treasurer's


Cards, $ 1.50


April 26. Board of Foreign Mis-


sions, 75.00


16


I71


THE RECORD.


May 29. Lincoln University for half support of James P. Adams,


75.00


Balance cash in bank,


57.38


-$208.88


WILL. C. VAN DOREN,


Treasurer.


Appropriations made by the Society at the commencement of the year, amounting to $585.70. have been paid in full.


Mr. James P. Adams, toward whose sup- port we contribute annually, finished his course in the Collegiate Department of Lincoln University, June 4th, 1885, and will immediately enter the Theological Depart- ment.


ELDER LEBBEUS B. WARD.


Lebbeus B. Ward, who died on Monday, June 15th, at the house of his son, No. 605 Madison avenue, New York, was born in Chatham, N. J., on April 7, 1801. His father was a farmer and manufacturer and his mother was from the Dod family of Newark. His grandfather was a captain in the Revo- lutionary Army. After receiving a common school education Mr. Ward went at the age of nineteen to Montreal, where his brothers John and Samuel had already started one of the first machine shops in Canada. He re- mained in business with them until 1839, when he went to England to study heavy iron forgings. Later he established the Hammersley Forge Works at Fifty-ninth street and the North River, New York city, which were then the only works in the city capable of handling large forgings. He also built a large stone house in the English style near the works and there his sons were born and reared. He remained in this business until 1851, when he retired, becom- ing director in the Broadway Bank, and later one of the founders of the Importers' and Traders' Bank and a stockholder in many other financial enterprises. In the same year he was elected a member of the New York Assembly, where he was Chair- man of the Committee on Banking and Education. While there he secured a char- ter for the New York Juvenile Asylum, of which he was a corporator. He was also a member of the Presbyterian Board of


Foreign Missions and gave largely to other charities. In the early years of the present Metropolitan Police Board he was one of the Commissioners.


Mr. Ward was married three times. His first wife, Miss Diminis Dickinson, of Mon- treal, lived only one year after her mar- riage. By his second wife, Mrs. Abby Par- tridge Pratt. of Hatfield, Mass., he had three sons, one of whom died in his infancy, the other two being Dr. Samuel B. Ward, of Al- bany, and Willard P. Ward, of New York City. In 1848, three years after the death of his second wife he married Miss Eliza- beth Starr, of New York City, who died a year ago.


Mr. Ward removed to Morristown, N. J., in 1867, and was installed Elder in our Church on the 17th of Dec., 1871. The Ses- sion adopted the following minute, June 18th : " In view of the death of Mr. Leb- beus B. Ward, on the 15th inst., in the 85th year of his age, Session would record their sincere appreciation of his Christian char- acter, and of the faithful discharge of his duties, as a member of Session for many years past, and until incapacitated by his advanced age and increasing infirmities."


" A LIST OF CAPT. JOSEPH HALSEY'S COMPANY MILITIA.


Morristown, 7 June 1791."


(Contributed by E. D. Halsey, Esq.)


Cap't. Jos. Halsey, Sirus Condict,


Lieut. William Johnes, David Humphrevil,


Ens'n. Dan'l Lindsly, Ebenezer Humphrevil,


SERJ'TS.


Samuel Ford, George F. Fenery,


Jesse Cutler,


. Silvanus Tuttle,


Seth Gregory,


Josiah Hathaway.


Abijah Sherman,


Silas Baldwin,


Zenas Lindsly.


Samuel Ayres, Absalom Trowbridge,


CORP'LS.


John Hathaway,


John Kirkpatrick, . David Trowbridge, Abraham Beers,


Isaac Hathaway,


Timothy Fairchild.


John (?) Hathaway,


Joseph Trowbridge,


John Woodruff,


Daniel Mills,


Jobe Mills,


Silas D. Hayward,


William Marsh, Timothy Force.


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Jacob Meeker,


Trune Goble,


Isaac Walker,


William Marshel,


Shadrach Hayward, Hezekiah Mitchel,


Timothy Extill,


David Y. Wheeler,


Daniel Coleman,


Daniel Spenser,


David Mills,


John Bollen,


Jabez Guiness,


Elijah Holleway,


Dave D. Budd,


Henry Feter,


Thadeus Mills,


Joshua Gorden,


James Vance,


John McDannels,


William Burnet,


George Mills,


Matthias Crane,


Michael Conner,


CzaƂ Pierson,


Silas Hathaway,


Joseph Coleman,


Ichabod Crane,


Isaac Woolley,


John Still,


Abraham Rutan,


George Marsh,


George Oharrow.


Thomas Jean.


NOTES OF THE PAST.


CONTRIBUTED BY WILLIAM FELBY, ESQ., OF THE NEW YORK HIST. SOC.


To be sold by John Budd, of the County of Morris, and Township of Hanover in New Jersey.


The present Farm whereon he is now seated, consisting of near Three Hundred Acres of Up Land, about 600 Acres of Meadow and good Swamp; with a good Dwelling House, orchard and every kind of Fruit Trees ; a large Piece .. the Meadow drained, and in English Grass, fit for Hemp, Flax, or Planting : and the same may be divided and sold in Three Parts; the Meadow and Swamp hath a suitable Fall, and may be all drained and be made as good as Maiden-Head Meadow. Also to be sold, The Place called Pine Hammock, in the same Township, consisting of about 600 Acres, on which is a good Orchard ; about 150 Acres of which is Up-Land, and 450 Acres of good Meadow and Swamp, ten Acres of which is cleared and brought to English grass ; with other Improvements ; and may be sold in two Parts, with Up-Land Meadow and Swamp joining to each Part. The title is indisputable.


-N. Y. Gazette, revived in the Weekly Post-Boy, Aug. 28, 1749.


TO BE SOLD. A Tract of good Land, divi- ded by Whippany River, containing Twelve Hundred and Eighty Acres, besides Allow. ances for Highways, bounded S. E. with | way.


John Kay's Land and N. W. with William Biddles ; it is a square Tract and good Crip- ple on both Sides the River for Meadow and lies within half a mile of the Iron-works : Those that incline to purchase may apply to Peter Sonmans near Amboy, or to Hannah Hodges, of Philadelphia, for Condition of Sail, with an indisputable Title.


- The New York Gazette, April 26, 1734.


This is to give Notice, That on Thursday last was brought to Cornelius Vanhorne, Esq. : A Negro Man who calls himself Bris- tow, was taken up at or near King's Bridge, and says he belongs to Thomas Freeman of Whippany : The Owner by applying may have him on Demand, paying the charges. -N. Y. Gazette, revived in the Weekly Post-Boy, April 16, 1750.


To be Sold, A small Plantation in the Township of Mendum in Morris County, West New-Jersey, containing 95 Acres of choice Land, well water'd, timber'd, and meadow'd : There is on it, a good new Dwelling House, also a Saw Mill and a Grist Mill, both under one Roof, on a good Stream, which falls into the North Branch of Raritan. Any Person inclining to pur- chase, may apply to David Allen, jun. living on the Premises; who will give an indis- putable Title to the same.


-N. Y. Gazette, revived in the Weekly Post-Boy Aug. 6, 1750.


RUNAWAY on the 5th Day of August in- stant from Jacob Ford, of Morris-Town and County, East New- Jersey, a Negro Boy, named Ishmael, aged about 16 years, short and thick, full Faced, has a very large Foot, born in the Country, and has a sly Look : Had on when he went away, a Flannel Jack- et, dyed with Logwood of a purple Colour, two woollen Shirts, one Tow Shirt, and a Dowlas Shirt, a new Felt Hat, Leather Breeches, and Oznabrigs Trowsers.


Whoever takes up and secures the said Boy, so that his Master may have him again, shall have Three Pounds Reward, and all reasonable charges paid by me.


JACOB FORD. .


N. B .- He went away with a Negro Fel- low already advertised by Shadrech Hathe-


THE RECORD


FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, MORRISTOWN, N. J. " THIS SHALL BE WRITTEN FOR THE GENERATION TO COME."-Psalms 102 : 18.


VOLUME V.


AUGUST, 1885. NUMBER 32.


[Printed with the Approval of the Session. ]


THE RECORD


Is published monthly ; terms $1.00 a year, in advance. Single numbers for any month, Io cents each. Subscriptions should be made to Mr. James R. Voorhees.


Matters pertaining to the publication should be addressed to the


EDITOR OF THE RECORD.


Entered at the Post Office at Morristown, N. J., as second class matter.


SUPPLEMENT.


The Supplement for this month contin- ues the publication of the Combined Reg- isters, beginning with, Capt. Jabez Beach, and extending to Lindsly, son of Nathan- iel Broadwell.


CALENDAR FOR AUGUST.


2. Sunday: 10.30 A. M., Communion. 6.45 P. M., Brevity of Life, Ps. 39 ; 4-7.


6. Thursday : The Prophets of Baal, 1 Kings 18 : 19-29.


9. Sunday : 6.45 P. M., No Other Name, I Tim. 5: 6; Acts 4 : 12.


13. Thursday : The Prophet of the Lord, I Kings 18 : 30-46.


16. Sunday : 6.45 P. M., Responsibility for Others, Ezek. 33: 1-11.


20. Thursday : Elijah at Horeb, I Kings 19: 1-18.


23. Sunday : 6.45 P. M., Liberty, Rom. 8 : 8-22.


27. Thursday : The Story of Naboth, I Kings 21 : 4-19.


30, Sunday : 6.45 P. M., From Darkness to Light, John 9.


EVERY WEEK.


Sunday : Church Services, 10:30 A. M. and 7:30 P. M. School of the Church, 3 P. M. Young People's prayer meeting, 6.45 P. M.


Thursday : Church Mid-week service ofi Prayer, 7.45 P. M.


Friday : Pastor at home afternoon and evening.


THE OLD CEMETERY.


BY LU LIGHT.


[The following sketch is reprinted from a newspaper clipping found among the pa- pers of the late Mrs. J. F. Voorhees, On the scrap there is no mark to determine its, source or author .- EDITOR.] .


Long ago, in my childhood days, when. . I first began to listen to the stories of the American Revolution, and hung enchanted upon the lips of my loved grand-mother as she talked of the days of '76, and when I read for the first time the history, familiar to every American, of the lofty courage and heroic endurance of Washington and his little army, at that early period a wish arose in my heart to visit the places and view the: scenes consecrated by their valor or their sufferings, and, as a pilgrim approaches; with a reverential joy and holy boldness: the shrine endeared to him by the recollec- tions of the past, thus I hoped to wander among those old battle-fields and camping- grounds, where the hand of Time has [al- most obliterated the black and heavy marks. that War, the stern historian, writes with iron pen upon the tablet of the earth.


Among those places most intimately con- nected with our Revolutionary history,. Morristown, a beautiful and flourishing vil- lage in the northern part of New Jersey, occupies an important position. Twice dur- ing our war for independence Washington chose Morristown as the winter-quarters of his weary little band of heroes, and his troops were encamped here during the mem- orable winter of 1779-80, which was the coldest ever known in this locality, and which became somewhat celebrated in the


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THE RECORD.


historical records of the time under the name of the " hard winter."


As a body of troops were frequently sta- tioned at Morristown, it seems to have been considered an important strategic position by our commanders; and although the British sent out several expeditions to cap- ture it, they were never successful in their endeavors.


Here sat the court-martial that condemn- ed the subsequent traitor Arnold to be reprimanded by the commander-in-chief for his excesses. Here Lafayette-the heroic youth who left his native land and beauti- ful bride and crossed the ocean to battle for freedom-hastened to meet his beloved Washington, on his second arrival from France, where he had exerted his powerful influence to procure aid of men and money for the young Republic.


Many of the buildings that were built be- fore or during the time of the Revolution still remain standing, and some have chang- ed but little in appearance since they were occupied by Washington and his compatri- ots. Of the latter class is the old " Ford Mansion," better known as " Washington's /head-quarters," where may be seen many relics of "ye ancient time."


At a short distance from the village, and upon an eminence commanding the town, are the remains of an old fort erected dur- ing the Revolution ; and as the visitor walks along upon the sunken ramparts, or climbs the broken wall that formed a part of the enclosure, he can almost imagine ithat he sees


" The old Continentals


In their ragged regimentals."


throwing up dirt for the entrenchments, or rolling along the stones that are to strength- en the fortifications.




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