USA > New Jersey > Passaic County > Passaic > The Passaic valley, New Jersey, in three centuries.. Vol. 1 > Part 2
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27
192
New York, part of, in 1666 339
New York, seal of, in 1686
315
Newark in 1832
318
Newark, Lower Green
333
Newark, view of old
321
News of Lexington
136
Nicolls, Richard, autograph of.
323
North Park, Elizabeth
450
Ogden, Aaron
39
Ogden, Col. Josiah, saving his hay
on Sunday
338
Okl farm house
398
Old house.
250
Ship.
406
Okdl print .
163
Old residence
194
On the march
173
Orange orphan house
415
Palisaded village
88
Passaie River.
1. 8. 9. 13, 25
Paterson, Colt's Hill
235
Paterson, Great Falls
“, 9, 18
Paterson, William .
22
Peace Commissioners, American
146
Penn, William.
120
Pennington, William
47
Pitt, William
92
Pompton, old Revolutionary house
at . 242
Popple's plan of 1733.
12
Presbyterian Church in Newark .
360
Rahway, central part of ...
453
Republican campaign medals.
48
Revolution, medal of ..
225
Revolutionary house at Pompton. 242
Revolutionary monument at Sum-
mit 452
Rhinelander sugar house, New
York .
302
Rosa Americana coin.
454
Royal troops entering New York.
140
Runyon, Theodore
369
Saddle River, mill on
300
Saint James's Church, Elizabeth. 448
Schnoering, John, property of.
.
296
Schuyler arms. . .
208
Schuyler, Peter ..
437
Seal of East Jersey
58
Seal of New Amsterdam
182
Seal of New Netherlands
66
Seal of New York in 1686
345
Seal of the Duke of York
207
Second Presbyterian Church, Eliz-
abetlı
447
Shilling of George I1.
111, 433
Silver dollar of 1794
125
Snuff boxes.
185
Southard, Samnel L
38
Springfield, monument at
78
Stage coach, an early
94
Stamp-act stamp.
222
State House, first, at Trenton ...
212
Statue of Washington in Wall
Street
152
Stirling, Lord.
33
Stone honse at South Orange
384
Street in Amsterdam, Holland ..
397
Stuyvesant, Petrus, grave of.
283
Stuyvesant's Bowery house
430
Stuyvesant's pear tree
322
Suburban house
261
Summit, Revolutionary monument
at .
452
"Sunnyside," Washington
lrv-
ing's home
392
Tankard, ancient
89
Tearing down the King's statue
in New York.
81
Telegraph line, the first .
154
Thirteen colonies, flag of ..
329
Uniforms of British oftieers
153
Valley of the Rocks at Paterson
18
Van Cortlandt Arms.
395
xvi
INDEX TO ILLUSTRATIONS
Van Der Donck, Adriaen, map. . 11
Van Wagoner homestead at Pas-
saic.
276
Verona Lake and Park .
401
View .
417
View of old Newark
321
" Vyyer " at The Hague.
232
Wallace House, near Somerville .
67
Wampum, belt of.
266
Washington chair, a
311
Washington, General, reconnoiter-
ing .
440
Washington, George, facing.
150
Washington, George
(Peale's 150
portrait) ..
68
Washington, Martha.
149
Washington, President,
writing
desk of .
443
Washington, statue of, in Wall Street 152
Washington taking the oath
as
President
365
Washington's bookplate
444
Washington's chair
363
Washington's headquarters,
67, 130, 151
Washington's writing table .
304
Wayne, Anthony, note to Wash- ington 248
West India Company, flag of .
265
Whitehead, John, LL.D. . Frontispiece
Windmill.
106
Winthrop, John, of Connecticut. 332 Winthrop, John, of Massachusetts 337
CHAPTER I
THE PASSAIS RIVER-GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS
HE PASSAIC RIVER in all respects is a New Jersey stream. It has its rise in this State; its whole course is within its borders; and its journey is ended by its waters being poured into Newark Bay a short distance south of the City of Newark. It is the longest and most important river in New Jersey; it turns more mills, operates more factories, and furnishes more water power for the uses of man than any other stream of its size. Ninety miles only in length from its source to its final deposit, it drains eight hundred and more square miles of seven counties and forms the nat- ural boundary lines between parts of those seven counties : Morris, Somerset, Union, Essex. Passaic, Bergen, and Hud- son. Its value to the State, and especially to these seven counties, is beyond calenlation, nor can it be estimated.
It rises in Morris County, near Mendham, in swampy ground, though in a mountainous region, at an elevation of nearly nine hundred feet, and begins its race to the ocean, running in a general course east of south for about ton miles, receiving several small brooks, and draining a large swamp. thereby increasing the volume of water sufficiently to operate several mills. For this distance it courses over a very picturesque country, in some places presenting bold and rather romantic landscapes, but forming no immediate
2
THE PASSAIC VALLEY
appreciable valley. It is for a part of this ten miles the natural boundary line between Morris and Somerset Coun- ties. When it reaches a point almost directly south of Mil- lington, and where it receives Dead River, it turns abruptly, northeasterly, with a horseshoe-like curve, still dividing the two counties. It then, however, aud almost immediately, changes its swift movement and becomes exceedingly slow
-05
c.de Arriesfes
punta
&. zane? Christelaž
e de Santiago
ylleş
-38'
Santto
Ai's saucle Karte
sor C. d. Trafalgar
y& d. saucla xuno
ZAarDara
Showing the
"גנ-
Eastern Coast of the
UNITED STATES. -31.
-300
dy Cerrs
punch de Carnavant
Reconstructed from the description of Oviedo
-20
in his " Historia General," &c. 1537. By B. F. DE COSTA.
punta de Florida
To which is added an extract from the Map of Ribero.
-27*
do muchas Zilat
-* /*
Ks. Salade
dale de las Arenas motana via 10:18.2019
-30*
-1
A SECTION OF THE
-34*
5.1
MAP OF
-35.
-
ALONZO CHIAVES.
-J4*
X. SIGN
-33"
1
and sluggish, in which characteristic it is excelled by no other stream. This lazy movement is retained until it ap- proaches Little Falls in Passaic County. The descent for nearly the whole distance is only about four feet to the mile.
After receiving the waters of Dead River, a Somerset stream, near Millington, Union County is soon found be- tween Warrenville and New Providence, and then the river
Scao sanel'a Mari'a.
d &e Gamas
3
THE PASSAIC RIVER
runs between Union and Morris a short distance beyond the bridge of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Rail- road, just west of Summit, to Chatham Township, in the last named county. Thence it flows, still slowly, in a north- ward direction to the extreme northwest corner of Caldwell Township in Essex, near Montville, in Morris, dividing the last two named counties. In this course from Somerset to the end of Essex the river follows every direction of the com- pass. When it reaches Passaic County, which it does al- most immediately after leaving Caldwell, it makes another turn, this time eastward, and then it changes and becomes an impetuous, turbulent, swift-moving body of water.
Between Somerset and Passaic its waters are largely aug- mented by many considerable streams which have joined it. It also receives several brooks and creeks, some from Somer- set, others from Morris, Union, and Essex. The Whippany, an important mill stream, and the Rockaway, still more important, and both from Morris, unite in Hanover Town- ship, a short distance from where their combined waters are added to the Passaic. The Pequanoek, the Wanaque, or Wynockie, as it is sometimes called, and the Ramapo, uniting near Pompton in Passaic, form a large stream after that called the Pompton, and make great additions near the boundary line between Essex and Passaic, and only a few miles from Little Falls.
When the river was in a state of nature the scene around it at Little Falls was grand and really sublime. The stream broadened and deepened, and, gathering its waves into one immense mass, as if preparing for the task before it, plunged down two almost perpendienlar descents with a loud roar, dashing its foam up to the clouds. The fall here was fifty-one feet in a half mile; the river was three hundred feet wide and ten feet deep. The first descent was
VIEW AT LITTLE FALLS.
)
5
CHANGES OF NATURE
in a measure more gentle as compared with the other, which was sixteen feet deep and much more grand and im- pressive.
The hand of man has been industrionsly at work here, and has materially changed the character and movement of the river: it has marred, but not entirely destroyed, the natural beauty of the scene. Before man made his appear- ance on the spot and interfered with Nature's work great changes took place. It is supposed by geologists that an immense lake existed at one time on what are now both banks of the river, extending from and involving the west- ern part of Somerset County, northward io Little Falls, and east ward and west ward, including Morris County and parts of the adjacent country. At some time in the history of the world a mighty convulsion in the ice covering the land took place, and the lake broke open the barriers which confined it and changed the whole character of the land and water. The surface of the flood receded. the river ent through the mountain, formed a channel for its flow, drained the waters of the lake, and created Litth. Falls. But their position was ultimately changed and receded, perhaps, a distance of seven hundred feet from the wall front, where the falls were three hundred feet broad and probably fifty feet deep. The falls have been blasted away and entirely obliterated.
The stream has been eribbed, confined, and made to play an important part as an appliance in ministering to the wants and demands of modern civilization. Large facto- ries have been erected on the banks of the river, and have been supplied with a never failing and always sufficient mo- tive power and an impetus given to manufactures. The masterful mind of man has harnessed the waters, made them subservient to his will, and utilized them for his pur- poses. This motive power has moved many vast plants of
6
THE PASSAIC VALLEY
machinery, driven enormous wheels, and the builders of these factories have been enabled to make them hives of industry, employing hundreds of active, busy, intelligent workmen. Great channels of trade and commerce have been opened, the community has been blessed, and thou- sands have been benefited by the change from the rough, wild scenes of nature to the peaceful evidences of man's in- genuity, enterprise, and perseverance.
Just beyond the falls the river passes un- der the aque- duet of the Mor- ris Canal, with a noble arch made of cut stone of very beauti- ful construc- tion. Thence it makes its placid way, occasional- ly agitated by a CONFLICT WITH THE INDIANS ( DE BRY). few ripples, but never disturbed by any considerable rapids, until after a travel of about five miles the Great Falls at Paterson are reached. The descent, however, between the two localities is sufficient at places to drive a few mills.
The general direction of the river is now northeast- erly, but as it reaches a point nearly, if not quite, midway between Little Falls and West Paterson, it makes a sharp turn to the southeast, and then about half a mile beyond this point it again resumes the northeasterly course.
7
CHANGES OF NATURE
At West Paterson the Passaic crosses First Mountain through a gap two miles wide. In the bottom of this gap the river has ent a deep gorge, at the upper end of which it
Maso dolo un brofrimay buryhours
36 Voct EN
MALVAA
5
Le jomay do Transporter Door flowers tot 66000, or four lund / por rerhon bundolly
26 byt jut fort
Cummations
int mirsant / 98 grams
2, 00
SENNECAS
SE
OVINS
GALHOI
VIvs
ANS.
. H
00
{ APIIAN NASSES
veryone
kgalt
MINEVA PAS. vanda maques
0 g
Ogchage glerwent
O
NAMICANE
AQVAMACKVKES
BLOCK'S " FIGURATIVE MAP," 1614.
plunges over a narrow canon seventy feet deep, and this is the " Great Falls."
The ice, when it moved and disappeared, undoubtedly created great changes in this locality, as it did at Little Falls; the bed of the river was lowered, the height of the
Riviere Vonden
300
MAKIMANES
MOR
0
SANGICANS
NAW
8
THE PASSAIC VALLEY
water flowing in the river was materially lessened, the breadth, elevation, and location of the falls were changed, and the whole appearance of the land greatly altered. The original height of the descent of the water here was probably from one hundred and twenty-five to one hundred and fifty feet, and the ledge over which the descent was made must have been at least three hundred feet wide. The location of the falls, before this action of the ice movement, was several hundred feet away from its present position.
1
GREAT FALLS AT PATERSON.
Had all these remained as they were before the ice moved such obstacles would have existed as would have obstructed man in his utilization of the appliances which nature in her benevolence presented to him in this improved condition, fitted for his use, in serving his needs.
How long a time was employed in accomplishing all these stupendous results is left entirely to conjecture. It is sim- ply impossible to form any estimate whatever whether it was millions of years or less. No data have been afforded
FALLS AT PATERSON: ICE CURTAIN.
10
THIE PASSAIC VALLEY
by which any proper judgment can be formed; no hand- writing of the Deity has been traced on the rocks. The ice has disappeared; it has left indubitable evidences of its former presence and of its mighty works; the waters have tunnelled the mountains, have cut great gaps in the earth, have forced the stubborn rock to yield to their irresistible power; the floods have receded from the earth, the dry land has appeared, the peaceful river now flows in its appointed course, and the heart of man has been gladdened by its beneficent influence.
It is estimated that 1,493,100 cubic yards of trap rock alone have been removed from the gorges opened by the ice and water. Some idea may be formed of the amount of this material thus removed by a reduction of the mass to feet. It will form a column three hundred feet long and four hundred and forty-seven feet high. Even this calcula- tion will not enable us to estimate the time it took to remove the rock. It must be remembered that this statement only involves one kind of material which was removed. No esti- mate can possibly be made of other substances carried away, such as shale, sand, gravel, and earth.
As the stream approaches its last descent it again widens as if preparing for its final and greatest effort, and then with an impetuous force is driven over a chasm sixty feet in depth, in an unbroken sheet, into a narrow channel below sixty feet wide, where it foams and dashes between high perpendicular, rocky walls on either side, until it reaches a calm and broad basin, which it has carved for itself by its own inherent power out of the rock. From this reser- voir it again assumes a swift moving motion, caused by a descent of twenty feet, and below the level of the plain around Paterson. Beyond that city it makes another sud- den turn, this time southward, and then, pursuing a more
NOVA BEL GICA . five NIEUW
Tadou ffac
Quebecq
Curare ofte AfSsreawe
Hoppe Erlant
tatryund Kill
Turenay
t' Fort Orangie
Horikans
Schanatıfu
Canayer
COLO
t Chernbos
"." Porfers hundel hwv3
t'Lunontego
Beeren Erlunt
WYCK
io.
Marten Gerritfoons Fylant
Linnenheck
Verten Rack
Yotenhocck
lon Plaifiers not
Backers Rock y
Nawans
Laver
$0.9%
TYfandt Van Kate Kill
80
N E D
E
R
L A N : D
T
Minnessinck ofte #Hoogeland +
. 24
Ian de wits Eylunt
Sequins
{"Pinfers
t'Landt van Bacham Van Efoqus
Magdalenen Erlunt
Huskofline
Pasqua nuck,
C'heyne val
Groote Eyupus R
$045
Conittekook
i Sche fernaikonck
pinges
Tame Kamir
Wappinges
Watert- .-
Warana .. ankongs
;
Kaes Erlant
Hoere Elan
Dof Vechunenkonck
Noch Peem
Qufirepeys
Narmatfchoen
Pasquasheck
Wecke
Revers CHunt
· COLONIE
Clinkers
09 4 985 VAN Bergh
Ruyt
Verdrietigehoras
Jant
$ 9 5 9 Tappaxis
Apkenck
Bebuck A gunpeck
Myfort
Totute
Hony
Greaby_
Da'K'rer
Ertant
HORST
Yaverytreo,
Pruym Eplant
Pechquakick
Nieuw Amsterdam
Fatrent
Monat Hfingen
t Lange Eylandt ahas
S. HOFF
0
>·Breukelen
.İmergiz+ Gabet , Matouwacs landt
Erlani
tack
das Acompter,
Stekete Whichir
20
(Tomme
4
Gouwe
łam
iveSinck
Godyns Day
Sarıman'
Chutmyn
Matovancons
Mennek
Kodenburghs
Maurits "Rivier
CA
Tommerk
Ermomex
-
M
A
R
D
F
Amacaronck
Barndeys
O
Phent Elfenburgh Meetram Karpnek
If Everhaven
( Naraticons 10
- af, Beye haven
joaputs
NO
R
Nictw/ AMSTERDAM ¿ylaji.Hunhattavs
ADRIAEN VAN DER DONCK'S MAP, 1656.
Varit Kever
Schoongreine Bafch
DE VEERNED ER
Viruhaven
Keebroeckog
3 12921, y,
vier
Lacus
Runiton
Port May
·Heulen dal
Gmpsholm
„MahnaKonck
Schyl'Kill
Viru Gettinbur
finland!
Fintant
Plymanhoeck
i
Pa Hispennick
Sant Punt ef Godyns Punt
Groote Rivier at
Kemkock Is
na Aquauacht Yques
back
Manhattans R. Trent Rover Montaigne'll
Gurney
Sanhicans
ya Kestaubniuck Pachamits Pechquenakonck
Freck
Roodenbergh
a Sensing
Dantchieftawack
Whrkygaskeck Siwanoys
et Vo Be Rak
& Speck kult Hellegat
Sinhattana " Fredland
Pulken
t'Selonakers Ra
Keskistkonck
Quyropey.
t'Schichte m Warki
Rivier Waoranceks
Roden berghs
Makimanes
Tynfer
Cleyne
Wap
Slypfleen Cylant 's 9
.
Werfche Rivice
Muhicuns Erlunt
C . .0
204.
RENSELAERS
8/4NYE
Mackwaas
VyRchershoe d'Oule Ree Stewrhoeck
4
Ycheon Yuck flant
Kockour
valikonek)
Varkens Kill
Wehalfion Erlant
Mageckqueshow
Kock Reach
Rivier achter Kol
. Meoech konck
Ficher Rach
and PERTH AMBOY
Pifick R.
2. 270
NEW YOR
HARBOURS
Hackınfack
hatton
R
Oversatt
Mand;
Newark 2
Hobuck
Ven Town"s
Newark
om
10 8 6 7
Bay
NEW YORK
Elizabeth Town ?~
R!
schy
Bergem Neck
Bedlan f ..
12
4
2222
Nutten I.
Redhook
Brockland
OfsterI. 12
14.
12
"P'ART
Caftletone
14
3
OF
2. Flat Bush"
16
LONG
i Cuckold.s Tonn
9
Hendricks ISLAND
14
Gravefend
STATEN Ferry:
The Narrows;
En Utrecht
Q ISLAND
10
2"Old Town. .
00 00
Ven Ton
7
Concy Mani
5 Mutdle.
PERTH
3
AMBOY
un. Ferry
Bill or Point
Beft
6
Bank 3
6
5 5
Bank
4
4
10
6
.5
4
8
5
A.2.4
4
9 10
4
8
34
Sandy Hook
Middletonin
6
Scale of Miles
90 90
7
I
4
.2
9
12
Po
Rawway R
22500
..
05.201
8
3
5
Flatland-
dbridge
15
3
7
6
Rariton R.
ID
+ 3%
A
74
Bulpick OUT By
Borbadoes ;
sh
"POPPLE'S PLAN OF 1733.
13
NEWARK BAY AND VICINITY
peaceful movement for several miles, reaches the modern City of Passaic, where it meets tidewater from the sea. Here, assuming more and more the characteristics of a true river, it moves onward with widening stream and dignified flow until it nites its accumulated waters with those of the Hackensack and forms Newark Bay. During this course it receives several streams from Bergen County, of which Preakness and Saddle Rivers are the principal.
From Passaic to Newark the banks of the stream and its immediate valley present most charming natural scenery. There are no high bluffs, no palisades, no mountain heights frowning down upon the flood below; gentle declivities, en. livened by vale and valley, and occasional acres of woodland brighten the scene. Man's ingenuity and art have added their charms to the work of nature; richly cultivated fields and fruitful farms are found on either side; well built villages, showing thrift and energy, elegant residences, where wealth and taste have embellished their surround- ings, are seen at every turn; occasional factories substan- tially built, with neat cottages surrounding them for their many employees and their families, evince by their appear- ance industry and prosperity, and please the eye and glad- den the heart of the utilitarian and economist. Many bridges, in some instances of excellent and artistic strnet- ure, span the stream, affording facilities for travel by ordi- nary carriage and for several railroads. Numerous vessels, both steam and sail, ply up and down, carrying merchan- dise to different points, and rejoicing the hearts of those who delight in such evidences of enterprise.
After leaving Newark and before its entrance into the bay the river passes through a flat country extending east- ward for several miles between the Passaic and Hacken- sack Rivers, and east of the last named stream and north-
14
THE PASSAIC VALLEY
ward to the town of Hackensack in Bergen County. This section of country, containing many thousand acres of land, and called, generally, the "Salt Meadows," was once cov- ered by a growth of serub pines and cedars, which have now nearly all been cut off. It is intersected by numerous small creeks and ditches affected by the tides of the ocean, and is now covered by a growth of sedge, rushes, and salt grass. In thesummerseason large patches of marshmallows and other flowering aquatic plants are scattered over these low grounds and add greatly to the beauty of the landscape. The sea undoubtedly at one time flowed over these acres. Several railroads traverse these meadows on their way to the great metropolis of the republic, and near Newark many factories have been erected upon them. It is possible that in the near future they may be utilized for manufacturing purposes.
Just before the Passaic makes its great plunge at the "Great Falls" an immense dam has been built across the stream and its waters have been utilized for the purposes of many large manufactories at Paterson.
CHAPTER II
PATERSON -- ITS INCEPTION AND GROWTH
LEXANDER HAMILTON, the first Secretary of the Treasury of the United States under President Washington, has not in one respect received the award of praise he deserves. His efforts to raise the standard of American industry wore unwearied and were of the most practical character. He is remembered as a financier, as a statesman, and as a soldier, but is seklom if over recognized as really the founder of protection to American manufactures.
Late in the eighteenth century, at a time when the manu- facturing interests of the republic were in a formative state and the attention of statesmen was turned to that impor- tant subject, Colonel Hamilton conceived the idea of the creation of an association which should practically demon- strate that the American people need no longer be depend- ent upon foreign countries for manufactured products neces- sary for ordinary use. His capacious, far-reaching mind embraced two purposes in his scheme: First. that the cifi- zeus of the then struggling republic should be taught the lesson of self-dependence and freedom from the thrallom of foreign producers; and, second, the introduction of a prin- riple of action into the policy of the country which would insure for the future the application of American industry
16
THE PASSAIC VALLEY
to the manufacture of various kinds of goods which were in common demand, and make the people of the United States able not only to produce what was needed for home consumption, but in time to compete with foreign countries as exporters and cease alone to be importers. America, through its varied climate and by its manifold appliances, could produce the raw material necessary for the manufac- ture of every article needed for the ordinary demands of all classes in the community.
HAMILTON GRANGE, NEW YORK.
The plan was a grand one, patriotic in all its aspects, and worthy of the great man who conceived it. But to carry it out to a practical result co-operation was needed. So Col- onel Hamilton sought aid in his great project. He submit- ted it to many leading capitalists and patriotic citizens of the time, and finally, after much toil and great exertion and many discussions, a company was formed in the early part of 1791, by the active efforts of this distinguished states- man, for establishing useful manufactures. Five thousand shares of stock, at one hundred dollars per share, were sub- scribed, but only 2,267 shares were fully paid for. The ex-
Hamilton
THE HEY YORK
-
17
HAMILTON'S GREAT PROIECT
pressed purpose of the association was the manufacture of "all articles not prohibited by law." At first, however, it was determined that only cotton cloth should be made. At that time the appliances for the making of this material were very crude and imperfect as compared with those of modern times. Sir Richard Arkwright's process had been invented, but it had not been submitted to any practical test, sufficient at least to insure success. In fact it was only partially known in England. No cotton yarn oven had been spun in Amer- ica except by hand. The price at which cotton fabrics were then sold abundant- ly showed the diffi- rulty in its produc- tion. That price was ALE X INDIF HA TON fifty cents a yard.
The purposes of the originator of the scheme and of the first " contributors " were grand and far- HAMILTON'S TOMB IN TRINITY CHURCHYARD. reaching. Those plans embraced not only the manufacture in time of many and varied products, but also the founding of a vast emporium where innumerable factories should be erected; where immense plants of machinery in all its vari- ons forms introduced ; where thousands of workmen should be employed; and from whence the whole world should be supplied with whatever it might need in the way of mannfactures. Verily no other genius than that of a Ham- ilton conld have conceived so wonderful a scheme, and it is greatly to be regretted that his masterful intellect had
VALLEY OF THE ROCKS BELOW THE FALLS AT PATERSON.
19
BEGINNINGS OF PATERSON
not been employed in perfecting the plan and in securing its perfect success.
New Jersey was selected as the State in which a site should be chosen for this magnificent enterprise, but the exact place was not designated. That was postponed until some prior arrangements were carried out.
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.