USA > New York > Columbia County > Lebanon Springs > A Sketch of Lebanon Springs : its attractions as a summer resort : a visit to the Shakers : history of the town : Columbia Hall : railroad guide, &c > Part 1
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org.
F 129 . L4 G1 Copy 2
Sketch of
Lebanon Springs.
Its Attractions as a Summer Resort -- A Visit to the Shakers -- History. of the Town -- Columbia Hall -- Railroad Guide, &c.
PUBLISHED BY .
DANIEL GALE,
Proprietor Columbia Hall.
Chickering & Axtell, Printers, Pittsfield.
1- 129 , LAGI
OTTAWA
MONTREAL
st Lambert
R. R.
Vaudreuil
une. ST.JOHNS
coledu Tty TRUNK
Cunghunwaga
La Pry
CiAlexander
HE.Memphr emagog
Boundary Line
burg
MODERS JCI
Champlaina
Highgate Sps.
Newport
Island Pona
OGDENSBURG
L. CHAMPLAIN
Dirke
Chateaugay
Euenburg
ST.ALBANS
R
Georgia.
Northumberland
Milton
Bartono
Colchester
ESSEX JC. Alt Mansfield
st.Johnsyury
WHITEFACE MIT.
BUT LINGTON
Shelburne
Barnet
H
Essex
Littleton"
N.Ferrisby
.Moutpelier
Vergennes:
Westport
New Haven
MAT.
ng Sing
Si
Suffering
urry T.
Newtono.G
Piermont
ankers
N
SHOWING
Easton
Waterloo
Harte
R
T
Jersey O
J
Nrwarkt
NEW YORK BROOKLYN
ISLAND
CONNECTIONS.
Engl by Fisk, Russell & Ames 63 Duane St.N.Y.
Granby
nuichmond waterloo
Compton
GRAND
Stanbridge
williams.
ST. KARRENCE III.
Scotts
Cornwall
ROUSSES PTA
E
R. R.
Chary
Putsdam o
PotsilainJe.
Drasher F's
Lawrence
Drush's Mlin
Bangor
Malone
PLATTSBURGH
EN. R.R.
K
Gorham Berlin Hall's
MT. MC. INTYRE
L.Plavid
saranac Lake
MT.MARCY
MLWashington
LEBANON SPRINGS
Bring
N G
0
AP
Sherbrooke
Port Kant
OTTAWA DI.
MONTREAL
Ast.Lambert
R. R.
Cunc.
ST. JOHNS
coleau LO TRUNG
La Pra
Stillexander
cotts
Stanbridge
Boundary IJine
bury
Highgate Sps.
Newport
Island Pond
NOGDENSBURG
L.,CHAMPLAIN
Dierke
Chuteuugay
Elipnburg
~~~ Cha=y
ST.ALBANS
Georgia
V
Northunterland
Milton
Barton
Colchester
1
Gorhant Berlin Haus
Port Krar ..
ESSEX JC. YAlt Mansfield
st.Johnsjury
BUTALINGTON
Shelburne
Larmet
PLittleton"
V.Ferrisby:
Montpelier
Vergennes:
(Westport?
New Haven
Wells Riv.
5200īt
Middlebury
Salisbury
Long I.
Part Henry Crown Point
Writing
Brandon
Ticonderoga
Scrooge
Pittford
Southerland Fair
Johnsburyo
RUTLAND
LAKE GEORGE
E.Wallingford
RUT
R.
Warrensburgs
Altan B.
union V.o
R Wallingford
Bradfordo
I
cranberry Cr
Derset
SUTICA
Fondo
SARATOGA SPR. BALLSTON SP. R.
Arlington
Exeter
..
R
North Dennington
Bennington
Troy
Lawrence
ALBANY C
erlin
Lowell
Stephentown
Salemo
LEBANON SPRINGS
Fitchburg
Groton Jy
FITCHBG R.R.
NEW LEBANON
S
S
Sterling JC.
BOSTON
E
ATHENS
R
CATSKILL
Cinskin
HUBS
SR.FR.O
T
Thompson
Rhinebeck
Winsted
.Will erton
Statistidig
HUDOSO.
HUDSON
Burg
Plainville
T
Pawtings
FE
Fishkill
Newburgy
cora sp.
Port Jery
Mester
CrotonFous
MAP OF' ROUTE
Peck Askin
Bediora
TO
S ông Sing
Suffering
Newtono
Piermont
Easton
Waterloo
wins Br
N G
J
Tersex O
NEW YORK
ISLAND
Nrwark
BROOKLYN
Enga by Fisk, Russell. & Ames 63 Duane St.N.Y.
Concord Rochester
Nowma
Manchester
Sunderland
Shaftsbury
Keene
CHESHIRE
Herlaimer
Line Hulls
St.Johns T.
Dalating
Bn
SCHENECTADY
$
Cohor
HOORTERT Petersburg
schodacht
Coxsackie
Brainards
ChathamNorthampton
QAmherst
FramConan Braintree
S.Abing
MITS.
MiMamanst.
Saugerties
Boston Cor's
Springfield
Stockpert
N
Kingstono Rondouto
v. R.
CHARLEME
Hartford
POUGHKEEPSI
Dover Plains
puinfield
I
Willimantic
RHODE
Providence Thunton Middleboro
Laelawaxfen
West JointQ
New Haven
Korwalk
arry T.
onkers
LEBANON SPRINGS
SITOWING a CONNECTIONS.
sherbrooke
Granby
Tuichmondo Waterloo
Compton
IL Memphriemagog
william.s.
Cornwall
ROUSES PTI
champlaing
MODERS JCL
R. R.,
Dangor Malone
PLATTSBURCE
CENN.R.R.
PotsikunJe.
Drasher E's
MT.MC. INTYRE
LPlačia
R VEssex
Sarandco Lake
..
DIRONDA
BUR. R.R.S
E.Haverhill
Sharon
REV.
White Riv.Tc.
canaan
Bristol
on
Connecticut
BELLOWS FS. Frantitin J.
contoocook
Glenns Plus& Port Edward
Dandy
D'EXTENSION
PROY
HARLEM
Greenfield A
s.Acton Waltham
CHATHAM 4 COR'S
Connecticut
R.
R. Milfordo
IL I.
salmer ALE
Mansfield S
Germa
Blackstone
Tivoli
Jc
ridgewater
1 FallBiv. y. Bedford
&waterbury C
Worcester de
Canton
CEN
Nashua
Amsterdam
RUTLAND &
unepiseogee
Iron
DIXE'S PEAK
SEWARD
M
MT.
MT. MARCY
MIWashington
WHITEFACE: MIT.
Drush's Alu Lawrence
Ko
ST. KARRENCE JULI.
Cuughe
GRAND
Taudreuil
E
Mahopac
Trestfield
S.Ashburnham
1.
C
Hillsboro MWcare a
N. Y.
I
olu mbia Hall,
DANIEL GALE,
(FORMERLY OF FORT WILLIAM HENRY HOTEL, LAKE GRORGE, )
Proprietor,
LEBANON SPRINGS. COLUMBIA
COUNTY, Y. Y. 1872.
beg to announce that since I purchased the COLUMBIA HALL property, (September, 1871,) I have been making extensive al- terations and repairs, and for the benefit of those who have visited the Springs, would state that the front of the house was changed in 1870 from east to south, new piazzas put up, a new Bath House built, complete in all
103665 107
2
Columbia Hall.
its appointments, refurnished many of the rooms, and put in the house all the requisites to make it a
FIRST - CLASS HOTEL
in every respect. I have at work a Land- scape Gardener, thoroughly educated to his business, beautifying and ornamenting the grounds, which now compose about
THIRTY-EIGHT ACRES.
With the proverbially healthy locality, nat- ural advantages and improvements, we de- sign making Lebanon Springs one of the
Most Popular Entering Places
IN THE COUNTRY.
This Hotel has
Ample crommodations for four r Hundred Guests.
Open from June 1st to October 1st.
3
Columbia Hall.
Amusements.
Drives, Walks, Bowling, Hunting, Fishing, Billiards, &c.
I have erected a new building this year for three of Messrs. Kavanagh & Decker's "A" No. 1 first-class Billiard Tables, and new Bowling Alleys, and made three fine lawns for Croquet.
Livery.
In connection with the Hotel is a good liv- ery, where horses and carriages can be found ; also ample accommodations for private car- riages and horses.
Music.
PROF. GIESEMAN'S BAND, from New York City, will be in attendance throughout the season.
Telegraph.
The Western Union Telegraph Co. have an office in the building.
Reading.
A stand is kept in the Hotel, where books, periodicals, and daily papers, may be found.
4
Lebanon Springs.
LEBANON SPRINGS
COLUMBIA COUNTY, N. Y.
HIS VILLAGE contains three Hotels. COLUMBIA HALL, a large and magnifi- cent Hotel, of which Daniel Gale is proprietor, is situated on the slope of the hill about three hundred feet above the valley, and one thousand feet above tide water .-- WYOMANOCK HOUSE, a branch of Columbia Hall, W. F. Gale, proprietor, open the year round, directly opposite Columbia Hall .- FIELDS' HOTEL, John G. Fields, proprietor, open the year round, situated in the valley, all of which have good accommodations ;
5
Lebanon Springs.
besides three stores, Kendall's Thermometer and Barometer manufactories, Baptist, Epis- copal, Catholic and Presbyterian Churches, but a short distance from the Springs.
The Scenery, which characterizes this spot, is of almost indescribable beauty, being so diversified by Mountain and Valley Land- scape, as to elicit the most unbounded admi- ration of the beholder. The general remark of travelers has been, that no prospect they had ever seen could bear a comparison with it.
Its healthfulness, also, is proverbial, con- ducive of which is the pure Mountain air, the Mineral Spring, beautiful drives, Hunting and Fishing, and the usual variety of local amuse- ments.
Before the Revolution the efficacy of the water began to excite great interest, and many families from different cities have be- come so much attached to the place that they have made it their summer home for more than twenty consecutive years. The hill- slopes which guard the valley present eligible sites for cottages.
Not more than five hours at the most, and the New York passenger will find himself at the depot, a short distance from the " Hall." The completion of the Harlem Extension
6
Lebanon Springs.
Railroad renders it easy of access. There is no change of cars, and a person is in no dan- ger of losing his connections, his friends, or his baggage. Standing on the piazza, we look over the Lebanon Valley, bounded on the east by the Berkshire hills, on the south and west by the West Range. To the northwest the valley reaches away in fertile beauty to the pleasant village of Nassau, on the road to Albany. Maple Hill, to the southeast, rises with an easy slope from the clustering hamlet at our feet, and a mile distant lies the village of New Lebanon. The Wyomanock Creek, (its name of Indian origin, ) flows through the valley, blending its waters with the Kinder- hook on its way to the Hudson. It seems to
be " shut in by hills from the rude world"- and a poetic quiet rests over this picture in repose like that which (in our imagination) rested upon the halls of Merrie England. It seems to carry one back to the days of Spen- ser, when nature found true worshippers in verse : or still further back to the Augustan age, when the Campagna was a garden in- stead of a desert, and pastoral poetry was quoted in the palaces of the Cæsars. From the days of " Queechy" to the visit of Sir Henry Vincent, a little more than a year ago,
.
7
Lebanon Springs.
every writer has been enthusiastic in speak- ing of this lovely section. Vincent, in his letter, says : " Hills, mountains, valleys, trees, gardens, farm-houses, and farms spread around and above you in ever-varying beauty, reminding one of the hills and valleys of Langollen in Wales." And you remember in Miss Warner's "Queechy" a fine description of the view from one of the neighboring hills. " They (Fleda and Carleton ) had reached a height of the mountain thatscleared them a view, and over the tops of the trees they looked abroad to a very wide extent of coun- try undulating with hill and vale-hill and valley alike far below at their feet. Fair and rich the gently swelling hills, one beyond an- other in the patchwork dress of their many- colored fields-the gay hues of the woodland, softened and melted into a rich autumn glow -and far away beyond even where this glow was softened and lost in the distance, the faint blue line of the Catskills, faint but clear and distinct through the transparent air. And such a sky ! Of such etherealized purity as if made for spirits to travel in, and tempting them to rise and free themselves from the soil ; and stillness-like nature's hand laid upon the soul, bidding it think." Little Fleda
8
Lebanon Springs.
at Montepoole takes one far back into the his- tory of Lebanon when the old sycamore cast a smaller shadow ; when stages and coaches connected with tide-water at Albany ; when Irving was the wandering Knickerbocker of the Hudson, writing at old Kinderhook, at the house of his friend Mr. Van Ness, the history of New York.
It hardly seems possible that in the year 1770 a town pauper declared that he would not put a brush fence about the valley to have been its owner. The whole valley was an immense pine forest, some of the trees being two hundred feet in height. It is said that a man by the name of Hitchcock, from New Haven, stuck a riding stick into the spring. It has now grown into one of the finest syca- mores in the world.
Montepoole, or "Columbia Hall," has pro- gressed with a steady growth. and now it has almost a half mile of verandas. The Moun- tain Bower, on Prospect Hill, is completed. It is located to the west of the Hall, and one hundred feet above it. It is about half way to the Pinnacle, which, at the height of three hundred feet, overlooks the valley. If the beauty of the landscape which from every point meets and focalizes itself in the soul as
9
Lebanon Springs.
we stand on this eminence, could be written in words or impressed on electrotype plates, it might be worth while, but not understanding the art of spiritual photography, we can only say, in the words of Goldsmith, "Every breeze breathes health, and every sound is but the echo of tranquility ;" or, in older English, we would lead you
" To painted flowers, to trees upshooting hye, To dales for shade, to hills for breathing space, To trembling groves, and chrystall running by."
Persons desiring to apply for rooms by letter or telegraph, will please address the Proprietor,
DANIEL GALE,
Lebanon Springs, Columbia Co., N. Y.
10
The Spring.
THE SPRING.
HE THERMAL SPRING is enclosed in the court-yard of the Hotel. It discharges constantly nearly five hundred gallons of water per minute, of the temperature of 73º F., and supplies a bathing house within the enclosure. These baths are a luxury to all who partake of them, and are especially rec- ommended by physicians as a specific in many diseases, and have been found as efficacious as the warm medicinal Springs of Germany and Virginia, for the complaints for which they are visited.
Analysis of Lebanon Springs Water, by Prof. H. Dussauce.
FOUND IN ONE GALLON OF WATER.
GASES.
Oxygen, .... 2 00 cubic inches Nitrogen,. . . 3 50
Carbonic Acid .... 0 50 cubic inches. Sulphuric Acid, ... traces.
11
The Spring.
FIXED MATTERS.
Sulphuret of Sodium,
0.02 grai is-1.298 per ct.
Carbonate of Soda,
2 41
15 649
66
Sulphate of Potash,.
1.04
6.753
66
Chloride of Sodium.
.0 96
6.233
Carbonate of Lime,
.4 05
66
26 292
Sulphate of Magnesia,.
1.06
66
6.883
Alumina,.
0 45
2 629
Oxide of Iron,
0 94
66
6 103
66
Silicic Acid,
.3 25
21.100
66
Glarine,
0 75
66
4.870
Org. Comp.
Baregine,
.9 47
66
2 190
66
15.40
100.000
Many eminent physicians, acquainted with its properties, have recommended its use for the following, viz : Eczema, Flesh Poisoning, Impetigo, many varieties of Erysipelas, Scald Head, Cutaneous Diseases generally, Arthri- tis, Morbid Conditions of the Liver, Consti- pation, Dyspepsia, Chronic and Inflammatory Rheumatism, Bronchia, and Nervous Diseases generally.
A resident Physician of high standing in the profession, will render his service when desired.
12
Bath House.
BATH HOUSE.
HE BATH HOUSE is a new brick building, just completed, located in the Court Yard of the Hotel, 87 feet long by 32 feet wide, with French roof. The ladies part of the house contains a reception room, nine apart- ments with both hot and natural spring water baths, swimming bath, and swimming bath for children. The gentlemen's building con- tains ten apartments, with both hot and natu- ral spring water baths, and a swimming bath
30 feet long. All the inside arrangements are modern and of the most approved kind. With the well known invigorating qualities of the water for bathing, together with having so great a luxury convenient to the hotel, and the benefit visitors receive by bathing in the water, it will amply repay them for taking a trip to Lebanon Springs.
13
General Directions.
GENERAL DIRECTIONS TO REACH LEBANON SPRINGS.
FROM NEW YORK-Most direct by the Harlem Railroad, 26th Street and 4th Avenue, morning and afternoon trains.
BY DAY BOATS-Land at Hudson, thence to Chatham 4 Corners and Har- lem Extension.
FROM WEST POINT OR CATSKILL-By Boat or Railroad to Hudson, thence to Chatham 4 Corners and Harlem Extension.
FROM SARATOGA SPRINGS-By Railroad to Albany, thence by Boston & Albany Railroad to Chatham 4 Corners, and Harlem Extension ; or to Rutland, Vt., and thence by Harlem Extension direct.
FROM NIAGARA FALLS-To Albany and by Albany & Boston Railroad, as above directed.
FROM BOSTON OR THE EAST-By Boston & Albany Railroad to Chatham 4 Corners, and Harlem Extension.
WHITE MOUNTAINS-The Map will serve as a guide for parties to or from the White Mountains, desirous of stopping at Lebanon Springs.
14
Drives.
DRIVES,
HE DRIVES in the neighborhood of the Springs are unsurpassed by any watering place in the country, whether it be along the beautiful valley road's leading to Nassau, to Queechy Lake, and to Williamstown, Mass., or surmounting the hills and moun- tains which encompass the place in almost every direction, where new beauties open to the view with every mile. The ride from Lebanon to Pittsfield, over the Taghkanick mountain, is unsurpassed for beauty and mag- nificence, whether by the old post road from Boston to Albany, or by way of the Lebanon and Hancock Shaker villages. At every turn in the ascent, new beauties burst upon the enraptured traveler's view ; and on the sum- mit the country sixty miles in extent presents itself like a map at the feet of the beholder. Here in a clear day the distant Catskills may be seen from the Hildeberghs west of Albany, to the Sugar Loaf far below Catskill village. From many points the Catskill Mountain
15
Drives.
House can be plainly seen with the naked eye, and stretches of the Hudson River traced, with steamers and sail vessels passing upon its waters. From a point a little dis- tance from the highway, a good view of the upper part of the City of Albany can be seen, and with a good glass the buildings can be easily recognized. Perry's Peak, a station of the U. S. Coast Survey, lies within two hours drive from the hotel, and is frequently visited in the summer. Here an uninter- rupted view can be made across the State of Connecticut to Long Island Sound. Doug- lass and Churchill knobs are also lofty eleva- tions, sometimes visited, yet not so easily surmounted, but a view from their summits amply pays for the labor of their ascent. But the splendid drives in every direction, over good roads with more gentle grades, will satisfy most of those who love diversified and beautiful scenery, and who have not suf- ficient poetic ardor to climb the rugged moun- tain in order to see more.
DISTANCES.
Queechy Lake,
6 miles.
Shaker Village, . .2 miles.
Pittsfield, 7
.6
B. Y. Shakers, 2 66
Lenox, 12
6.
Summit Berkshire Moun- tains, .3
Stockbridge, 12.
66
.6
Canaan, ..
66
Williamstown,. 20
New Lehanou,
·2
66
Mt. Washington, 18
.6
Hancock, 5
66
Gt. Barrington 21
16
. The Shakers.
G
THE SHAKERS,
HE largest Society in America of that religious sect known as the Shakers, is located within two miles of the Springs. They are visited annually by thou- sands of strangers, who take great interest in their peculiar manner of living and wor- ship. Visitors are received into their various workshops and gardens, throughout the week, and are admitted to their church meetings on the Sabbath.
This Society is the largest in the United States. They number some six hundred per- sons, and have possessions of some six thou- sand acres of land, devoted to farming pur- poses, gardens for seeds and fruits, &c., which are everywhere famed for their quality.
A visit to this Society alone to attend their
17
The Shakers.
worship on the Sabbath, and to possess arti- cles of their workmanship, which are unique and useful, amply repays the visitor.
SIR HENRY VINCENT, the English Orator, writes : "Let me urge upon divines and scholars, in their rambles through America, to visit the Shaker community at Mount Leb- anon, and if they are disposed to inquire, ' How can these things be ?' my answer is, ' Come and see.'"
Prof. SILLIMAN says : " The utmost neatness is conspicuous in their fields, gardens, court- yards, out-houses, and in the very road ; not a weed, not a spot of filth, or any nuisance, is suffered to exist. Their wood is cut and piled in the most exact order ; their fences are perfect ; even their stone walls are con- structed with great regularity, and of mate- rials so very massive, and so well arranged, that unless overthrown by force, they may stand for centuries. Instead of wooden posts for their gates, they have pillars of stone of one solid piece, and everything bears the im- press of labor, vigilance and skill, with such a share of taste as is consistent with the aus- terities of their sect. . Their orchards are beautiful, and probably no part of our coun- try presents finer examples of agricultural
18
The Shakers.
excellence. Such neatness and order is not seen anywhere on so large a scale, except in Holland, where the very necessities of exis- tence impose order and neatness upon the whole population ; but here it is voluntary.
Besides agriculture, it is well known that the Shakers occupy themselves much with mechanical employments. The productions of their industry and skill-sieves, brushes, boxes, pails and other domestic utensils-are everywhere exposed for sale, and are distin- guished by excellence of workmanship. Their garden seeds are celebrated for goodness, and find a ready market. They have many gar- dens, but there is a principal one of several acres, which exhibits superior cultivation.
Their females are employed in domestic manufactures and housework, and the com- munity is fed and clothed by its own produc- tions. The property is all in common. The avails of the general industry are poured into the treasury of the whole ; individual wants are supplied from a common magazine or store-house, which is kept for each family, and ultimately, the elders invest the gains in lands and building's, or sometimes in money, or other personal property, which is held for the good of the Society. It seems somewhat
19
The Shakers.
paradoxical to speak of a family, where the relation upon which it is founded is unknown. But still, the Shakers are assembled in what they call families, which consist of little col- lections (more or less numerous according to the size of the house) of males and females, who occupy separate apartments, under the same roof, eat at separate tables, but mix oc- casionally for society, labor, or worship .- There is a male and a female head to the fam- ily, who superintend all their concerns-give out their provisions-allot their employments, and enforce industry and fidelity. They pro- fess, it is said, to believe that Christ has al- ready appeared the second time on the earth, in the person of their great leader, Mother Ann Lee, and that the saints are now judging the world.
This singular people took their rise in En- gland nearly a century ago, and the settle- ment at New Lebanon is of more than sixty years' standing. They first emigrated to America in the year 1774, under their spiritual mother, Ann Lee, a niece of the celebrated Gen. Charles Lee, who made a distinguished figure during the American Revolutionary War. The order, neatness, comfort and thrift, which are conspicuous among them, are
20
The Shakers.
readily accounted for, by their industry, econ- omy, self-denial and devotion to their leaders, and to the common interest, all of which are religious duties among them, and, the very fact that they are, for the most part, not bur- dened with the care of children, leaves them greatly at liberty to follow their occupations without interruption. They walk to the meet- ing-house, in order, two and two, and leave it in the same order. Men enter the left hand door of the meeting-house, and women the right hand. In each dwelling-house is a room called the meeting-room, in which they assem- ble for worship every evening. The young believers assemble morning and evening, and, in the afternoon of the Sabbath, they all as- semble in one of these rooms, in their dwel- ling-house, to which meeting spectators, or those who do not belong to the Society, are not admitted, except friendly visitors. Their houses are well calculated and convenient. In the great house at Lebanon there is over a hundred ; the men live in their several apart- ments on the right, as they enter into the house, and the women on the left, commonly four in a room. They kneel in the morning by the side of the bed, as soon as they arise, and the same before they lie down ; also be-
21
The Shakers.
fore and after every meal. The brethren and sisters generally eat at the same time at two long tables placed in the kitchen, men at one and women at the other ; during which time they sit on benches, and all are silent. They go to their meals walking in order, one di- rectly after the other ; the head of the family, or elder, takes the lead of the men, and one called elder sister takes the lead of the wo- men. Several women are employed in cook- ing and waiting on the table ; they are com- monly relieved weekly by others.
It is according to the gift or order, for all to endeavor to keep all things in order ; indo- lence and carelessness, they say, is directly opposite to the gospel and order of God ; cleanliness in every respect is strongly en- forced-it is contrary to order even to spit on the floor. A dirty, careless, slovenly or indo- lent person, they say, cannot travel in the way of God, or be religious. It is contrary to order to talk loud, to shut doors hard, to rap at a door for admittance, or to make a noise in any respect ; even when walking the floor, they must be careful not to make a noise with their feet. They go to bed at nine or ten o'clock, and rise at four or five ; all that are in health go to work about sun-rise,
22
The Shakers.
in-door mechanics, in the winter, work by candle-light; each one follows such an em- ployment as the deacon appoints for him. Every man and woman must be employed, and work steadily and moderately. When any are sick they have the utmost care and attention paid to them. When a man is sick, if there is a woman among the sisters, who was his wife before he believed, she, if in health, nurses and waits upon him. If any of them transgress the rules and orders of the Church, they are not held in union until they confess their transgression, and that often on their knees before the brethren and sisters.
Each Church in the different settlements has a house called the office, where all busi- ness is transacted either among themselves or with other people. Each family deposit in the office all that is to be spared for charita- ble purposes, which is distributed by the dea- con to those whom he judges to be proper objects of charity. He never sends the poor and needy empty away."
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.