USA > New York > Schoharie County > Gazetteer and business directory of Schoharie County, N.Y. for 1872-3 > Part 1
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GENEALOGY COLLECTION
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Brama
hudson
SCHOHARIE COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
Cancers Cured! OR NO CHARGE.
DR. KINGSLEY, OF ROME, N. Y.,
Has discovered a perfect cure for Cancers without the use of the knife, Thousands of. cases cired can testify to the efficacy of this plan of treatment. This preparation will destroy the specific nature of most Cancers in from ten to sixty minutes. Even in those large Cancerous affections of the breast, from which so many females die annually, my specific is equally as effectual as in those smaller surface Cancers. Ninety-nine out of a hundred of all those persons who have died from Cancer, could casily have been cured. Cancer has been considered from time immemorial the greatest soonrge of the human race ; but the time will come when all shall see that it is as remediable as any other dis- ease. At the same time remedies are given to purify the blood and fortify the system against a renewed attack. In all cases, if the Cancer is not too far advanced, a perfect cure is warranted, or no charge.
Most persons are greatly deceived in regard to the first symptoms and appearance of Cancer, considering it very painful from the commencement. This is a sad mistake, (causing the death of thousands,) there being but little or no pain until the Cancer is far advanced. The only symptoms for months, and in some cases even for years, is occa- sionally either a stinging, itching, smarting, burning, creeping or shooting sensation, and in some cases not even any of these. Nearly all of those kernels or lumps that occur in the female breast, and also those unnatural appearances in the form of crusts or warty excrescence, which appcar in either sex on the face, lips, nose, eye lids, or any other part of the surface, are cancers. Cancer is very easily cured in its early stage, consequently it is of the very greatest importance that all thus afflicted should have immediate treat- ment; as thousands of very valuable lives have been lost from pure neglect, having been misguided by physicians having no knowledge of the disease, who, by calling it Scrofula, Erysipelas, Salt Rheum or some other non-terrifying disease, Inll this unfortunate class in the cradle of ignorance, until upon the very verge of death, when, to hide such ignor- ance, the physician tells the patient that it has finally turned to Cancer, and cannot be cured. There is no such thing as turning to Cancer. Whatever ends in Cancer, began in Cancer. Be no longer deceived. If you have the slightest suspicion of trouble, seek immediate relief and thereby preserve life.
Consumption, Bronchitis, Catarrh, Astlima, HIcart Disease, Dyspepsia, Liver Com- plaint, Fits, St. Vitus' Dance, Neuralgia, Scald Head, Piles, Tape Worms, or Worms of any kind, all Diseases of the Skin, Pimples, Scrofula or King's Evil, Fever Sores, Spinal Diseases, Rheumatisin, Gout, Dropsy, Diabetes, Kidney Diseases, Gravel, and all Diseases peculiar to Males or Females, successfully treated.
Warts, Corns, Bunions, Moles, Wens, Birth-Marks, Tumors &c., removed. Especial attention given to the treatment of Crooked Feet, Legs, Arms, Spine, Neck, and all other deformities. Cross Eyes straightened, Hare-Lips cured by an entirely new plan of oper- ating. Operations for Stone in the Bladder, Polypns, Strangulated Hernia, Fistula, or the cure of False and Crooked Joints, and all deformities of the Eye Lids, Nose, Lips, Neck &c., resulting from Burns or Wounds, performed upon the most scientific princi- ples. All Discases of the Eye and Ear treated with very great success.
Especial attention given to the treatment of all diseases originating from the errors of misguided Youth.
Patients from a distance, except in Surgical and Cancer cases, by sending a full des- cription of their symptoms, can have medicines sent by Mail or Express, and be treated at home.
All letters promptly answered, and medicines ordered, immediately forwarded.
The Doctor is a graduate with an experience of over fourteen years in the practice of medicine, twelve of which have been spent in Rome.
N. B .- All persons troubled with Asthma should send for Dr. Kingsley's ASTIIMA SPECIFIC, which is warranted to relieve any case or money refunded.
Send for DR. KINGSLEY'S AGUE SPECIFIC, which is purely vegetable and never fails to cure.
All troubled with a Cough of any kind should be sure to send for DR. KINGSLEY'S COUGH BALSAM, which cures as by magic.
For Further Particulars, Write the Doctor.
2
SCHOHARIE COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
Schoharie Academy! Schoharie, N. Y.
INCORPORATED APRIL, 1837.
K. BREWSTER, Esq., Secretary. Rev. G. A. LINTNER, D. D., ยท President.
Oren C. Sikes, A. B., - - - Principal.
For Local Notice, See Page 241.
J. CALE & SONS,
Barnerville, Schoharie Co., N. Y., MANUFACTURERS OF
HORSE RAKES, IN D RIKES, Bent Felloes, Chairs, Broom Handles, &c.
We use the best of Timber in the manufacture of all our Goods, and employ none but first-class mechanics. Thankful for past favors, we respectfully solicit a continua- tion of the liberal patronage generally accorded to us.
JAMES GALE. GILBERT GALE. RILEY GALE.
GAZETTEER
AND
BUSINESS DIRECTORY
OF -
SCHOHARIE COUNTY, N. Y.
FOR
1872-3.
. 192
COMPILED AND PUBLISHED BY
1
HAMILTON CHILD
AUTHOR OF WAYNE, ONTARIO, SENECA, CAYUGA, TOMPKINS, ONONDAGA, MADI- SON, CORTLAND, CHEMUNG, SCHUYLER, ONEIDA, STEUBEN, ORLEANS, NIAG- ARA, GENESEE, CHENANGO, MONROE, HERKIMER, SARATOGA, MONT- GOMERY AND FULTON, ALBANY AND SCHENECTADY, RENSSELAER, WASHINGTON, WYOMING, COLUMBIA, ULSTER, OTSEGO, SULLIVAN, BROOME, AND OTHER COUNTY DIRECTORIES.
Permanent Office, 23 & 24 E. Washington St., Syracuse, N. Y.
" He that has much to do, will do something wrong, and of that wrong must suffer the consequences ; and if it were possible that he should always act rightly, yet when such numbers are to judge of his conduct, the bad will censure and obstruct him by malevolence and the good sometimes by mistake."-SAMUEL JOHNSON.
SYRACUSE : PRINTED AT THE JOURNAL OFFICE, 23 & 24 E. WASHINGTON STREET.
1872.
6
INDEX TO PUBLISHER'S NOTICES.
INDEX TO PUBLISHER'S NOTICES.
PAGE
Adriance, Platt & Co
.237
Harder, Minard.
.241
Barnett, Simon A ...
.241
Kingsley, Dr.
.241
Boyce, J. H. & Son.
.242
Latham, H. C.
.242
Burleigh, Emma Mrs.
6
McHench & Co .. 237
Campbell, S. K.
6
Middleburgh Gazette. 6
Cobleskill. Index 242
Schoharie Academy
241
Downs, R. C. 241
Schoharie Co. Democrat
237
Durand, Treat.
6
Schoharie Republican.
242
Feeck, John.
6
Schoharie Union
241
Fox, L. T.
242
Waldron & Sisson ... 237
Gale, J. & Sons
6
Widmann, Geo.
241
Gross, Geo. H.
242
Winter & Stafford. .237
The Middleburgh Gazette, pub- lished by O. B. Ireland, is a new applicant for public favor., It occupies a field where no other paper is published, and judging from the papers we have, we can commend it to the patronage of all. It is an inde- pendent paper, bound by no party or sect, and devoted to Literature, Agriculture, General Intelligence and Local Interests. Success to this new enterprise. See card on page 164.
Mrs. Emma Burleigh, M. D., No. 62 Howard Street, Albany, N. Y., ad- vertises on page 242. It seems eminently proper that ladies suffering from diseases peculiar to their own sex, should receive medical treatment from their own sex, and we are glad to learn that ladies of the best minds in our land, are giving attention to the study and practice of medicine. There is a wide field open before them and the pioneers are deserving of special credit for their perseverance against obstacles which few men would overcome. We commend all our readers who are afflicted with any of the diseases peculiar to females, to consult Mrs. B. either by letter or in person.
Schoharie County Agricultural Works, located at Central Bridge, N. Y., are largely engaged in the manufacture of Threshing Machines, Railway Horse Powers, Wood Saws, Clover Hullers and a great variety of other implements. Mr. S. K. Campbell, the proprietor, gives his per- sonal attention to the works, employs good workmen, uses good materials and turns out first-class work. See advertise- ment on page 148.
Treat Durand, manufacturer of Hubs and Spokes, Schoharie, N. Y., advertises on page 247. He is the successor of the l men.
American Hub and Spoke Company, which was organized in 1859 and commenced ope- rations in 1860. The Company had a capi- tal of $100,000, and the cost of buildings and machinery was $22,000. The works were burned in 1865 and rebuilt the next year. In 1870 the Company was dissolved and Mr. Durand became the purchaser of property and has since carried on the busi- ness. It is run by steam and has a capacity for turning out about $30,000 worth of Hubs and Spokes annually. Mr. Durand is a man worthy of public confidence and is sucessfully prosecuting the business.
John Feeck, manufacturer of Car- riages of all kinds, Cobleskill, N. Y., ad- vertises on page 245. Mr. F. is the oldest Carriage manufacturer in this County. He is a native of Schoharie, served an appren- ticeship with Austin Knowles, and for nearly forty years has been engaged in the business. It is hardly necessary to say that he thoroughly understands his busi- ness in all its branches and has no superior in the County. He keeps a large stock on hand at his manufactory, and has a Reposi- tory at Gallupville, where those in want of a good Carriage can hardly fail to find some- thing to suit their taste and their purse. Let those interested call and examine for themselves.
J. Gale & Sons, mannfacturers of Horse Rakes, Bent Felloes, Chairs, Broom Handles &c., Barnerville, N. Y., advertise on page 2. This firm carry on a great va- riety of business, manufacturing Chairs ex- tensively and doing all kinds of Turning. They are good workmen, use good timber and turn out good work. We commend them to the liberal patronage of all our readers, believing that they are worthy
BUCKEYE Mower and Self-Baking Reaper, the most Perfect Harvester in the World. Adriance, Platt & Co., 165 Greenwich St., New York. See Card on Map.
PAGE
7
INTRODUCTION.
1429550
INTRODUCTION.
In presenting to the public the "Gazetteer and Business Directory of Schoharie County," the publisher desires to return his sincere thanks to all who have so kindly aided in obtaining the information it contains, and without whose aid it would have been impossible to collect it in the brief space of time in which it is essential that all such works should be completed. Especially are our thanks due to the several Editors of the Schoharie Union and Schoharie Republican, Schoharie; Cobleskill Index, Cobleskill ; Schoharie County Democrat, Richmondville; and the Middleburgh Gazette, Middleburgh; for the uniform kindness which has been evinced in calling attention to the author's efforts ; and to the following persons, viz., Wm. T. Broughton, Town Clerk, Summit ; Dr. Peter S. Swart, Almerin Gallup, John Morrison, County Clerk, Chas. Holmes, County Judge, Rev. J. H. Heck, Schoharie ; John Van Voris, School Commissioner, Cobleskill; Ambrose R. Hunting, School Com- missioner, Gallupville; and John F. Hazelton, Asst. Assessor Internal Revenue, Esperance, for essential aid in furnishing material for the work. Many others have kindly volunteered their assistance, to all of whom we return our sincere thanks.
The following works have been consulted in its preparation : French's, Gordon's and Spafford's Gazetteers of the State of New York; "Documentary History of New York ;" Lossing's " Pictorial Field Book of the Revolution ;" Simms' " History of Schoharie ;" Campbell's " Annals of Tryon County ;" Census Reports; Proceedings of Board of Supervisors; and many others.
BUCKEYE
Adriance, Platt & Co., 165 Greenwich St., New York. See Card on Map. Mower and Self-Raking Reaper, the most Perfect Harvester in the World.
8
INTRODUCTION.
That errors have occurred in so great a number of names and dates as are here given is probable; and that names have been omitted which should have been inserted is quite certain. We can only say that we have exercised more than ordinary dili- gence and care in this difficult and complicated feature of book- making. Of such as feel aggrieved in consequence of errors or omission we beg pardon, and ask the indulgence of the reader in marking such as have been observed in the subsequent read- ing of the proofs, and which are found in the Errata, following the Introduction.
It was designed to give a brief history of all the church or- ganizations in the County, but owing, in some cases, to the neg- ligence of those who alone were able to give the necessary in- formation, and in others, to the inability of any one to do so, we have been obliged to omit many or indefinitely delay the completion of the work.
We would suggest that our patrons observe and become familiar with the explanations at the commencement of the Directory.
The Map of the County was engraved with great care by Weed, Parsons & Co., of Albany, and will, it is believed, prove a valuable acquisition to the work.
The Advertisers represent some of the leading business men and firms of this and other counties; and we most cheerfully commend them all to the patronage of those under whose observation these pages may come.
With thanks to our friends generally, we leave our work to secure the favor which earnest endeavor ever wins from a discriminating public.
HAMILTON CHILD.
-
9
ERRATA.
ERRATA.
ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS.
The Territories .- The 41st Congress erected the District of Columbia into a Territory, under the name of "Territory of Columbia."
Stamp Duties .- The last Congress passed an act, " That on and after the first day of October, 1870, the stamp tax imposed in Schedule B, on promissory notes for a less sum than one hundred dollars, and on receipts for any sum of money, or for the pay- ment of any debt, and the stamp tax imposed in Schedule C, on canned and preserved fish, be, and the same are hereby repealed. And no stamp shall be required upon the transfer or assignment of a mortgage, where it or the instrument it secures has been once duly stamped."
Postal Rates and Regulations. - The postal arrangements with foreign countries are subject to such frequent changes, that, as given in this work, they should not be relied upon for any great length of time. The rates and regulations for Domestic mail matter, however, can be relied upon at all times.
GAZETTEER.
Middleburgh .- The Young People's Moral Association, of Huntersland, was or- ganized in the summer of 1871, and now numbers 70 members. The Association publish- es a literary journal, called the Leisure Hour, which is edited by Alice Sweet. This society, we are informed, is in a very prosperous condition.
Schoharie .- The following was furnished to us by Almerin Gallup, Esq., of Schoharie :
"OLD STONE FORT CEMETERY, SCHOHARIE, N. Y .- The old stone Fort, standing on the grounds of the Cemetery, and situate one mile north-east of the Schoharie County Court House, on the hill near Fox's Creek, (of which you have a splendid view from the rail road as you approach the village of Schoharie) was formerly the German High Dutch Re- formed church, and used for more than 70 years for Divine worship by that congregation. It was built in 1772, (one hundred years ago,) and during the Revolution was used as a fort, and often times as a place of safety for the entire families of the early settlers for miles around, of whom we may safely say there is none now living, 'no not one,' but the remains of many are now resting in their graves in the adjoining Cemetery surrounding the old Fort, among which is that of Col. Peter Vroman, who commanded the Fort, and many of his brave companions in arms. In 1780 it was attacked by the Indians and Tories, under the command of Johnson and Brant, and the holes made by cannon ball are still plainly to be seen. The old Fort is a substantial, well built building, and is still in a good state of preservation ; it is now owned and used by the State as an Arsenal, and is to be preserved as a relic of the Revolution and in memory of the brave men who displayed their courage and patriotism in defending their country in the fearful struggle for American Independence. It has long been in contemplation to have the re- mains of David Williams, (one of the captors of Major Andre,)who died in this County, removed to the Old Stone Fort Cemetery, and a suitable monument erected to his memory ; also that of Col. Vroman and others. The Old Stone Fort Cemetery was duly incorporated as a Rural Cemetery under the laws of the State in 1859, but the grounds were sadly neglected until 1868, when the inhabitants were aroused to a sense of their duty to the departed, a new board of trustees were elected, consisting of Doctor Peter
10
ERRATA.
S. Swart, Almerin Gallup, George Lasher, Daniel Larkin, Paul Deitz, James S. Water- bury, Napoleon Clark and others, under whose direction it was surveyed and laid out into lots of 20 feet square, with suitable carriage ways and walks, additional lands pur- chased, and a large number of balsam, fir and other evergreen trees, set out, which are now in a flourishing condition and will soon make it one of the most beautiful Cemetery sites in the country. A very large number of lots have been sold within the last four years, and many people, for several miles round, are removing the remains from their private burial grounds to this Cemetery, which now contains a Vault, and some of the finest and most costly monuments in the County."
DIRECTORY.
Blenheim .- HAGER, DEWITT C., (North Blenheim,) supt. of the poor and far- mer 100.
Broome .- REED, ELLIS S., (Broome Center,) farmer.
Carlisle .- Taylor, Chas. W., (Carlisle,) post master.
Cobleskill .-* FEECK, JOHN, (Cobleskill,) carriage maker. Guernsey, James J., (East Cobleskill,) post master.
Conesville .- COUCHMAN, PETER, (Conesville,) supervisor, member of Assem- bly, post master, dairyman and farmer 100.
Esperance .- MESSINGER, STORRS, (Esperance,) (Messinger & Brazee,) post master.
Gilboa .- Zeh, Philip J., (Gilboa,) coroner, physician and surgeon.
Richmondville .- Snyder, Peter, (Richmondville,) prop. Westover House, cor- ner Main and Summit.
Westover House, (Richmondville,) corner Main and Summit, Peter Snyder, prop.
Schoharie .- Williams, James O., (Schoharie,) county treasurer and cashier Scho- harie Co. National Bank.
Sharon .- Baker, Albert, (Sharon Springs,) district attorney.
Mower and Self-Raking Reaper, the most Perfect Harvester in the World. Adriance, Platt & Co., 165 Greenwich St., New York. See Card on Map.
BUCKEYE
----------
GENERAL CONTENTS-INDEX TO BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 11
GENERAL CONTENTS.
Almanac or Calendar for 20 years
.62
Brilliant Whitewash ..
.59
Business Directory. 138-218
Capacity of Cisterns or Wells .58
Census Report 238-239
Chemical Barometer
.59
County Officers.
240
Courts in Schoharie County
240 .58
Distance Table.
244
Errata ..
.9-10
Facts on Advertising
58
French Decimal System of Weights and Measures
.53-57
Gazetteer of County.
.63-85
Gazetteer of Towns. 86-137
.52
How to get a Horse out of a Fire
.59
How to Judge a Horse.
.61
How to Secure the Public Lands.
47-48
How to Succeed in Business
45-47
Interest Table
.57
Law Maxims
48-52
Leech Barometer.
.59
Measurement of Hay in the Mow or Stack ..
.61
Postal Rates and Regulations, (see also Errata,).
41-43
Post Offices and Postmasters.
.243
Stamp Duties, (see also Errata,).
34-40
Tables of Weights of Grain, Seeds, &c.
.58
The States, their Settlement, &c ..
21-32
The Territories, their Area, &c
32-34
To Measure Grain in a Bin ..
.59
U. S. Internal Revenue Officers
.240
Valuable Recipes. 60-61
INDEX TO BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
PAGE
PAGE
Blenheim
138
Jefferson ..
.176
Broome.
142
Middleburgh.
181
Carlisle.
146
Richmondville 188
Cobleskill
153
Schoharie
.193
Conesville
.158
Seward. 201
Esperance
.162
Sharon 206
Fulton
.167
Summit 212
Gilboa.
.172
Wright.
.216
BUCKEYE
Adriance, Platt & Co., 165 Greenwich St., New York. See Card on Map.
.
Mower and Self-Raking Reaper, the most Perfect Harvester in the World.
- PAGE
Discount and Premium ....
Government Land Measure.
Rules for Detecting Counterfeit or Spurious Bank Notes
.44-45
12-20
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS.
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS.
Academy.
PAGE
Schoharie Academy, Schoharie
2
Agricultural Implements.
(See also Mowers and Reapers, Rake
Manufs.)
Campbell, S. K., Central Bridge
148
Gross, Geo. H., Fly Creek.
164
Harder, Minard, Cobleskill.
inside first cover
Waldron & Sisson, Breakabeen ..
246
Bedstead Manufs.
McHench & Co., Cobleskill.
246
Bent Felloes.
Gale, J. & Sons, Barnerville.
2
Brackets, Mouldings Etc.
McHench & Co., Cobleskill.
246
Broom Handles.
Gale, J. & Sons, Barnerville.
2
Cancer Doctor.
Kingsley, Dr., Rome
1
Carriage Makers.
Feeck, John, Cobleskill.
245
Winter & Stafford, Schoharie ..
180
Chair Makers.
Gale, J. & Sons, Barnerville
2
Churn Powers.
Waldron & Sisson, Breakabeen
246
Cigar Maker.
Widmann, Geo., Schoharie.
180
Clothier.
Downs, R. C., Sharon Springs ..
200
Dentist.
Fox, L. T., Cobleskill.
164
Hats, Caps and Furs.
Boyce, J. H. & Son, Schoharie.
148
Hotel.
PAGE
Latham House, Gallupville.
196
Hubs and Spokes.
Durand, Treat, Schoharie
247
Iron Founders and Machinists.
Waldron & Sisson, Breakabeen.
246
Lumber Dealers.
McHench & Co., Cobleskill.
.246
Waldron & Sisson, Breakabeen.
.246
Mason and Builder.
Barnett, Simon A., Schoharie ...
.245
Mowers and Reapers.
Adriance, Platt & Co., New York, mar-
ginal lines and ..
.on Map
Waldron & Sisson, Breakabeen.
246
Physicians.
Burleigh, Emma Mrs., Albany
242
Kingsley, Dr., Rome.
1
Planing Mill.
McHench & Co., Cobleskill.
246
Printing Offices.
Gazette, Middleburgh.
.164
Index, Cobleskill
200
Republican, Schoharie
196
Schoharie Co. Democrat, Richmondville.148
Union, Schoharie
180
Rake Manufs.
Gale, J. & Sons, Barnerville.
2
Sash, Blinds and Doors.
McHench & Co., Cobleskill.
246
Saw Mills.
McHench & Co., Cobleskill.
.246
Waldron & Sisson, Breakabeen.
246
Sewing Machines.
Downs, R. C., Sharon Springs
200
Stone Dealers.
Barnett, Simon A., Schoharie.
.245
21
THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC.
THE STATES,
THEIR SETTLEMENT, ADMITTANCE TO THE UNION, POPULATION, SUFFRAGE LAWS, ETC.
ALABAMA was settled near Mobile, in 1702, by the French ; was formed into a Territory by act of Congress, approved March 3, 1817, from the eastern portion of the Territory of Mississippi; framed a Con- stitution August 2, 1819, and was admitted into the Union December 14 of the same year. Area 50,722 square miles, or 32,462,080 acres .- Population in 1860, 964,201, of whom 435,080 were slaves. Population in 1870 was 996,175. It is the chief cotton growing State of the Union. Male citizens who have resided one year in the State and three months in the county, are entitled to vote. An election for a Con- vention was held December 24, 1860, and a majority of over 50,000 votes cast for secession ; the Convention met January 7, 1861, and on the 11th passed the ordinance of secession, by a vote of 61 to 39, which was followed on the 21st by the resignation of its members of Congress.
ARKANSAS was settled at Arkansas Post in 1685, by the French, and was part of the Louisiana purchase ceded by France to the United States, April 30, 1803. It was formed into a Territory by act of Congress, March 2, 1819, from the southern part of the Territory of Missouri ; its western boundary was settled May 26, 1824, and its southern, May 19, 1828. Having adopted a Constitution, a memorial was presented in Congress, March 1, 1836, and an act for its admission into the Union passed June 15 of the same year. Area 52,198 square miles, or 33,406,- 720 acres. In 1860 its population was 435,450, of whom 111,115 were slaves. Population in 1870 was 473,174. It is an agricultural State, its staples being corn and cotton. Citizenship and residence in the State for six months, qualify voters in the county and district where they reside .- January 16, 1861, its Legislature ordered a State Convention, which assembled, and on May 6, voted to secede, 69 to 1. January 4, 1864, a Convention assembled in Little Rock, which adopted a new Constitution, the principle feature of which consisted in a clause abolishing slavery. The Convention adjourned January 22. This body also inaugurated a Provisional Government. The Constitution was submitted to the people, and 12,177 votes cast for it, to 226 against it. The State was re- organized under the plan contained in the Amnesty Proclamation of President LINCOLN, in pursuance of which an election was held March 14, 1864. The vote required under the Proclamation was 5,405. About 16,000 votes were cast.
22
THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC.
CALIFORNIA was settled at Diego in 1768, by Spaniards, and was part of the territory ceded to the United States by Mexico, by the treaty concluded at Guadaloupe Hidalgo, February 22, 1848. After several inef- fectual attempts to organize it as a Territory or admit it as a State, a law was passed by Congress for the latter purpose, which was approved September 9, 1850. Area 188,981, square miles, or 120,947,784 acres. Population in 1870, 549,808. It is the most productive gold mining region on the continent, and also abounds in many other minerals. Male citizens of the United States, and those of Mexico who may choose to comply with the provisions of the treaty of Queretaro, of May 30, 1848, who have resided in the State six months and in the county or district thirty days, are entitled to vote.
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