USA > New York > Ulster County > New Paltz > History of New Paltz, New York and its old families (from 1678 to 1820) : including the Huguenot pioneers and others who settled in New Paltz previous to the revolution > Part 1
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Presented to the LIBRARY of the UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO by Ontario Legislative Library
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Mary Dukan You -an 1905
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2007 with funding from Microsoft Corporation
http://www.archive.org/details/historyofnewpalt01lefeuoft
Ralph Le Fevre
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2523
61613
HISTORY OF NEW PALTZ
NEW YORK
4.
AND
ITS OLD FAMILIES
(FROM 1678 TO 1820)
INCLUDING THE HUGUENOT PIONEERS AND OTHERS WHO SETTLED IN NEW PALTZ PREVIOUS TO THE REVOLUTION
BY RALPH LEFEVRE
President New Paltz Huguenot, Patriotic, Historical and Monumental Society ; Corresponding Member Huguenot Society of America ; Thirty-four years Editor of New Paltz Independent
ILLUSTRATED
FORT ORANGE PRESS BRANDOW PRINTING COMPANY , ALBANY, N. Y. 1903
.
COPYRIGHT, 1903 BY RALPH LE FEVRE
1
JUNE 22
1988
OF TOKU
UNIVERSITY
ESTHER M. OLIVER
Wife of the author, to whom this book is dedicated in recognition of the active aid and encouragement, without which the work would not have been undertaken or carried through.
PREFACE
T is natural for the people of any country or community I to feel an interest in the history of their ancestors. Even the most savage nations have carefully cherished tra- ditions of the deeds and prowess of their forefathers.
To every man the honorable fame of his progenitors is an incentive to emulate their noble deeds.
In the early settlement of New Paltz and its history for nearly a century afterwards there is such a touch of ro- mance, such a blending of the stern realities of frontier life with the harmony of the poet's golden age, such noble examples of devotion to the cause of religious liberty, such brotherly kindness toward each other as exiles for a com- mon cause, that the example should not be lost to posterity.
Our old men are falling around us. The traditions which they cherished are perishing with them. What is to be saved from oblivion must be saved now-in this generation.
With these feelings we have undertaken the task of gatlı- ering up the scattered links of history and joining them in a chain that should stretch down from the days of the Patentees.
In writing the history of New Paltz it is not to be ex- pected that the record of its early settlers can be carried back of the time when our ancestors fled from France. Louis XIV was not satisfied with driving his Protestant subjects out of the country and confiscating their lands and goods .- Their very names were obliterated from baptismal and genealogical records. The record of the marriage of
iv
PREFACE
Louis DuBois, at Manheim, in 1655, shows that he was the son of Chretian DuBois, of Wicres. The old register at the little village of Wicres has been examined and found to contain the registry of the baptism of three sons of Chretian DuBois, but in each case the Christian name of the son is torn out, in accordance with the orders of the French king. The same is no doubt the case with the other church regis- ters in France in which the names of the Huguenot settlers of New Paltz might otherwise still be found.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER I
PAGE
Events preceding the settlement.
I
All probably lived at Hurley 19
CHAPTER II
More land wanted 21
Deed of gift to Jean Cottin. 22
The French schoolmasters at New Paltz 25
Houses built by Patentees. 28
Dressmaking in the old days. 32
The first sales of land. 33
CHAPTER III
The French records of New Paltz church.
37
CHAPTER IV
The blending of French and Dutch at New Paltz
44
CHAPTER V
Collection of old papers
49
Patentees' trunk
53
CHAPTER VI
The spelling of various family names
55
CHAPTER VII
Moving out and moving in. 58
Dutch language superseding the French. 59
Territory formerly part of the town, but not within the Paltz Patent 60
The first public highway 62
Disputes in regard to the boundaries of the Patent. 63
CHAPTER VIII
A pure Democracy
66
Land worked in common ..
69
The government of the Dusine. 69
vi
CONTENTS
CHAPTER IX
PAGE
The Indians and hunting stories 78
Stolen by the Indians. 82
Some hunting stories 83
Wild pigeons and larger game. 86
Desperate fight with a bear 87
CHAPTER X
Property holders at New Paltz in early days. 89
Taxpayers in 1712 89
The building of the first stone church.
Freeholders in 1728 91
92
New Paltz taxpayers in 1728.
92
List of slave holders in 1755 .. 93
Value of the Precinct of New Paltz in 1765.
93
CHAPTER XI
·
The contract of 1744. 103
Civil government 107
Neighborhoods annexed to New Paltz 107
Payments of rents and taxes 108
Tax receipt
108
CHAPTER XII
A short historical memorandum IIO
Matters submitted to voters. II2
CHAPTER XIII
The first manufacturing industry in Southern Ulster 115
Soldiers in the Colonial period. II6
Coats of arms in Huguenot families at New Paltz I19
!
CHAPTER XIV
Tories in the Revolution. I22
Old frame houses 124
A famous old oak 125
How they crossed the Wallkill. I27
The Springtown merchant of 1800 129
Washington Irving and Martin Van Buren 130
Regimental training I31
Amusements in the olden times. I32
CONTENTS
vii
CHAPTER XV
PAGE
The New Paltz church. 134
The two French pastors. I37
The first stone church.
139
Rev. Johannes Van Driessen.
14I
Rev. Barent Vrooman
I44
Baptizing the children at Kingston.
145
Connection between Church and State. I46
Rev. Johannes Mauritius Goetschius 147
The Conferentia church 148
The second stone church. 152
Rev. John H. Meyer.
156
Rev. Peter D. Freligh
157
Rev. William R. Bogardus I57
Rev. Douw Van Olinda.
158
CHAPTER XVI
Old county records at Kingston 160
Could not build the church by tax 164
Wills of early New Paltz people. 164
Other valuable papers 165
CHAPTER XVII
Articles of Association
167
CHAPTER XVIII
New Paltz in the Revolution I71
First Ulster County Regiment. 172
Second Ulster County Regiment. 173
Third Ulster County Regiment. 173
Fourth Ulster County Regiment 174
CHAPTER XIX
Guarding the Frontier from Tories and Indians 178
Colonel Cantine's letters to General Clinton. 179
Money promised when he was appointed at New Paltz 180
Murdered by Indians 18I
Escaped from Indian captivity 18I
Paying his men 182
Cowardly behavior of Orange County Militia. 182
Two hundred Indians reported-man shot. 183
Time of some of Col. Jonathan Hasbrouck's men expired. 183
viii
CONTENTS
PAGE
Gen. Clinton replies
183
Plundered by the Militia. 184
Indian villages destroyed 188
Still another attack on Wawarsing. 188
Capt. Abram Deyo's men
188
CHAPTER XX
History of farming at New Paltz 190
The poor soil of Kettleborough. 194
Clover and plaster the first commercial fertilizers 194
Ancient names of clearings on the Wallkill.
194
Racing horses 196
Depression among the farmers .. 196
The implements used by our Forefathers 197
The New Paltz turnpike.
197
CHAPTER XXI
New Paltz village and town in 1820. 199
Springtown in 1820 203
Houses north of our village in 1820. 204
Bontecoe in 1820 206
Libertyville in 1820
208
Ohioville in 1820
208
Houses south of our village in 1820.
209
Butterville in 1820 212
Plutarch in 1820
215
Industries in this town in 1820
215
Teachers about 1820 and earlier
216
Alexander Doag
217
Gilbert C. Rice
218
Miss Ransome
218
CHAPTER XXII
The family of Louis Bevier the Patentee 223
Jean Bevier 227
Abraham Bevier 229
Samuel Bevier
230
Louis Bevier
230
Genealogy of the Bevier family.
233
CHAPTER XXIII
The Deyo family at New Paltz 253
Pierre the Patentee 256
ix
CONTENTS
Christian, son of Pierre the Patentee.
259
Jacobus Deyo
260
Abraham Deyo, son of Pierre the Patentee. 26I
Capt. Abraham Deyo
264
Soldiers in Capt. Abm. Deyo's Company. 264
Daniel Deyo 266
Simeon Deyo
269
Jonathan Deyo
270
Philip Deyo
271
The family of Hendricus, son of Pierre the Patentee. 273
CHAPTER XXIV
The DuBois family at New Paltz.
280
CHAPTER XXV
Abraham DuBois, the Patentee
293
CHAPTER XXVI
The family of Isaac DuBois, one of the New Paltz Patentees 293
Daniel, son of Isaac 294
Simon DuBois 299
Andries DuBois
302
Joseph DuBois
302
Benjamin DuBois
303
CHAPTER XXVII
Solomon DuBois, son of Louis the Patentee.
305
Hendricus DuBois
312
CHAPTER XXVIII
Louis DuBois, Jun., son of Louis the Patentee. 314
Louis, son of Louis, Jun. 317
Jonathan, son of Louis, Jun .. 318
Nathaniel, son of Louis, Jun 322
CHAPTER XXIX
Military service of Col. Lewis DuBois 325
CHAPTER XXX
The Freer family at New Paltz. 349
Hugo Senior, son of Hugo the Patentee. 352
Isaac, son of Hugo Senior 360
PAGE
x
CONTENTS
PAGE
Jonas, son of Hugo Senior 361
Abraham, son of Hugo the Patentee. 363
Jacob, son of Hugo the Patentee. 364
Jean, son of Hugo the Patentee. 365
CHAPTER XXXI
Abraham Hasbrouck, the Patentee. 368
Daniel, son of Abraham the Patentee. 370
Solomon, son of Abraham the Patentee. 37.2
Joseph, son of Abraham the Patentee. 375
Col. Abraham, son of Joseph. 382
Isaac, son of Joseph and grandson of Abraham the Patentee. 386
Jacob A., son of Joseph of Guilford. 387
Benjamin, son of Joseph and grandson of Abraham the Patentee .. 389
Col. Jonathan, son of Joseph. 390
Rachel Hasbrouck's ride from Newburgh to Guilford. 393
Benjamin, son of Abraham the Patentee. 394
CHAPTER XXXII
The family of Jean Hasbrouck the Patentee 397
The Stone Ridge Hasbroucks 402
CHAPTER XXXIII
The LeFevre family in America 407
The LeFevre family in New Paltz. 409
The homestead on the plains. 418
The Kettleborough LeFevres 422
The LeFevre family at Bontecoe 432
The Bloomingdale LeFevres 448
CHAPTER XXXIV 451
The Auchmoody family
CHAPTER XXXV
The Budd family
453
CHAPTER XXXVI
The Hardenbergh family 455
Col. Johannes Hardenbergh of Rosendale. 460
CHAPTER XXXVII
The Wurts family
464
CONTENTS xi
CHAPTER XXXVIII
PAGE
Old Dutch families at New Paltz and vicinity 467
CHAPTER
XXXIX
The Low family at New Paltz. 468
CHAPTER XL
The Klaarwater (Clearwater) family.
470
CHAPTER XLI
The Ean family
474
CHAPTER XLII
The Van Wagenen family at New Paltz
479
CHAPTER XLIII
The Elting family in New Paltz. 481
Roelif, the first Elting in New Paltz. 483
Roelif Elting's children 484
Josias Elting and his descendants. 486
The Elting homestead
487
The Hurley Eltings
497
CHAPTER XLIV
Families living in the congregation but not in the Precinct of New Paltz
The Schoonmaker family in Gardiner 499
499
The Ronk family 500
The Relyea family
502
The Smith family at Swartekill. 503
CHAPTER XLV
Genealogy of the French settlers of New Paltz to the third gene-
.
ration
505
-
ILLUSTRATIONS
PAGE
Ralph LeFevre Frontispiece
Mrs. Ralph LeFevre 3
Original deed from the Indians 16-17
Deed of gift to Jean Cottin.
24
Agreement to learn dressmaking trade. 32
35
Tax list of 1712. 90
A famous old oak. 125
Old paper with signature of Rev. Pierre Daille. I37
The first stone church 130 The second stone church 152
Sky Top 220
The Louis Bevier house at Marbletown. 231
The ancient document with signature of Pierre Deyo. 258
The Deyo house at New Paltz. 262 The house of Daniel Deyo at Ireland Corners 267 House of Hendricus Deyo at Bontecoe.
Tombstone of Margerite Van Bummel, wife of Hendricus Deyo
272 274
Receipts with signatures of Louis DuBois, the Patentee. 285
Document with signature of Abraham DuBois, the Patentee 288
Tombstone of Abraham DuBois, the Patentee.
292
The old DuBois house or fort in this village.
295
Tombstone of Daniel DuBois in graveyard in this village.
298
Rev. Dr. Anson DuBois. 308 House of Capt. Louis J. DuBois. 320 324
House of Col. Lewis DuBois at Marlborough.
The old Freer house in our village. 348
Letter from Jean Giron to Hugo Freer, Senior, and wife. 355 The Abraham Hasbrouck house in our village. 367
Tombstone of Joseph Hasbrouck in the old graveyard in this village 376
The Jean Hasbrouck house, now the Memorial House. 396
LeFevre tombstone in old burying ground in this village .. 416
The house of Abraham LeFevre, one of the first settlers at Kettle- borough 429
House built by Maj. Isaac LeFevre at Bontecoe. 436
Scene on the Wallkill at Bontecoe. 439
Deed from Anthony Crispell to Hugo Freer
xiv
ILLUSTRATIONS
PAGE
The house of Daniel LeFevre, great-grandfather of the author. 444 House of Col. Abraham J. Hardenbergh at Guilford. 459 Ancient map of the Patent .. 462
Ruins of the Ean house at Bontecoe
475
The Eltinge homestead, originally the Bevier house. 488
The oldest brick house in the town. 495
Louis Bevier of Marbletown. 506
History of New Paltz
CHAPTER I
EVENTS PRECEDING THE SETTLEMENT
W ITH modesty, yet with confidence, we make the claim that the early history of no other portion of our land can excel in interest that of New Paltz. With the excep- tion of Kingston no other place in this part of the country was settled at so early a date. The New Paltz church was organized exactly forty years before the first church was erected in Poughkeepsie. Col. Jonathan Hasbrouck, grand- son of one of the early settlers of New Paltz, built Wash- ington's Headquarters at Newburgh. Col. Lewis DuBois, a great-grandson of one of the early settlers at New Paltz, built what was doubtless the first house at Marlborough, on the river front. Two other New Paltz men, John and Abram Bevier, were the first settlers in the town of Wa- warsing.
Peter Guimar, of Moir, in Sanaigne, who was one of the pioneers of Orange county and one of the seven men who made a settlement in 1690 at what is now Cuddebackville, at the stone fort, which was for half a century an outpost of civilization, married Esther, daughter of Jean Hasbrouck, one of the New Paltz patentees.
But it is not only because New Paltz was the cradle of surrounding settlements, nor only on account of its an- tiquity, that we claim for New Paltz the most interesting place in the history of the early settlements. It is not be- cause the New Paltz patentees purchased the lands of the
1
2
HISTORY OF NEW PALTZ
Indians before William Penn had performed a like gracious deed, with like peaceful results, in Pennsylvania; it is not because New Paltz was one of the few Huguenot settle- ments in this country, and perhaps the only one in which the stock of original settlers was not speedily overwhelmed in a flood of new-comers from other European nationalities ; nor yet is it because the little community existed for half a century to some extent as a miniature republic-must we say aristocracy ?- in which the Dusine exercised judicial and legislative powers, and the church owned no higher authority than its own membership. No; it is for none of these facts, though rendering the history of New Paltz so unique and peculiar, that we claim for it the most interesting place in the narrative of early settlements. But it is for one other circumstance, coming down to our own day; it is because at New Paltz, as in no other place in our country, the homesteads have been handed down in the family ever since the first settlement. In the house in which I was born my father lived before me, my grandfather spent his. days there, my great-grandfather dwelt there. A few rods off my great-great-grandfather's house was built. In the old street in our village the Deyo house, the DuBois house and the houses of the two Hasbrouck brothers came down in the same family for nearly two hundred years.
While New Paltz was, to a great extent, the cradle of sur- rounding towns, the Huguenots kept their grip on their own old homesteads, and their conservatism we consider a more remarkable point, by far, than the early date of the settlement. In church matters this point in their character is still more noticeable, and whether the settlement at New Paltz is acknowl- edged to be the most interesting of any in the country or not, there can scarcely be a doubt that this claim will be conceded
3
HISTORY OF NEW PALTZ
in regard to the Reformed Church in our village: Over 200 years ago our church organized. By the grace of God it has grown and flourished from that time until the present day. For fifty years of its history the records, still in existence, were kept to a great extent in French; for seventy years longer in the Holland tongue, and afterwards in English. But, now that we have stated what there is peculiar in the early history of New Paltz, we must go back to show the causes that led up to that settlement.
Two hundred and twenty years have passed since the first settlers reared their humble homes in New Paltz. Of the his- tory previous to that time we know but little. We only know that they left their native land, on account of religious perse- · cution, and after a residence of a short period in that portion of Germany, known as the Paltz, or Palatinate, came to the New World; from 1660 to 1675. The history of the French Hugue- nots; in their own country for a century preceding, had been a history of blood. The Reformation had not been slow to take deep root, and among the names of French reformers is that of sturdy John Calvin, whose fame has spread wherever Protestantism has obtained a foothold; but while, partly . from political causes, the reformation succeeded in England and in the north of Germany, in France it had to fight, almost from the first, against the power of the court, the priesthood and the prevailing popular sentiment. · Never- theless the Huguenots numbered in their ranks many of the "nobility and a great portion of the most intelligent people. Three civil wars had raged between the Catholics and the Protestants.
The massacre of St. Bartholomew in 1572, which was planned by Catharine De Medici, the wicked mother of Charles IX, the king, and was intended to destroy the
4
HISTORY OF NEW PALTZ
Protestants at one blow, had but strengthened their hands. Although outnumbered, ten to one, by the Catholics, they had gallantly sustained themselves in arms, upheld, in part, by moral support from Germany, as well as more tangible aid from Queen Elizabeth, of England. The death of Henry III left the Protestant Henry, of Navarre, as the legal heir to the crown, but the Catholics were determined that no heretic should sit on the throne of France. For years Henry waged an unequal war for his inheritance, with a courage and a gallantry that made his name famous, but the odds were too great; he found himself forced to give up his religion or continue a hopeless contest. He chose the former alternative, declaring that "the crown was worth a mass." Shortly afterward, in 1598, he granted the celebrated Edict of Nantes, which secured to Protestants freedom of conscience and all political and religious rights.
In 1610 Henry met his death at the hands of an assassin, and the Protestants being left without a protector their troubles again commenced. In 1628 Rochelle, which had been their stronghold and had been in their possession for seventy years, was taken, after a siege of fourteen months, during which so desperate a resistance was made that the population of the city was reduced, by war and famine, from 30,000 to 5,000 souls. Notwithstanding that Rochelle was wrested from their grasp, while Richelieu managed the realm, yet this was done rather as a political measure, be- cause Protestantism threatened to become a state within a state, than for the purpose of religious persecution. Riche- lieu was no bigot; in the thirty-years' war he aided the Protestants and the Huguenots could not complain much of persecution during his administration or that of his suc- cessor, Mazarin. But from the time of Mazarin's death,
5
HISTORY OF NEW PALTZ
in 1661, when Louis XIV himself assumed the reins of authority, until the formal revocation of the Edict of Nantes, in 1685, which was the last act in a series of persecutions, the Protestants of France suffered greatly. Before the formal revocation of the Edict whole troops of dissolute soldiers were let loose upon them, and frightful barbarities followed.
Half a million of subjects of the French king left their native country and fled to foreign lands. Borne on this wave of immigration and prizing liberty of conscience above everything else, the brave-hearted men, who afterward set- _ tled New Paltz, fled across the frontier, and found an asylum in that part of Germany known as the Palatinate or Paltz- the name being borne now only by a castle on the Rhine. Here they could not long remain in peace, for the armies of their cruel monarch, in the wars which he almost constantly carried on with other European powers, repeatedly invaded and ravaged the Palatinate. In 1664 an army under Tu- renne, one of his generals, desolated that province without mercy, and it may be at this time some of our forefathers resolved to cross the Atlantic and escape from their merci- less foes.
At this time the Huguenots were flying to different por- tions of the New World, as well as Europe, for protection. As early as 1625 several families settled in New York, then in possession of the Dutch, and were the first permanent settlers. Others were to be found in Virginia, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and especially in South Carolina, where a large portion of the most honored names are of Huguenot origin. Scattered like leaves by the autumn blast, they were tossed hither and thither, and it is probable that by 1663 a score or more had found their way to Kingston-
6
HISTORY OF NEW PALTZ
called Esopus by the Dutch-then a flourishing village. We know that Louis DuBois, who was one of the first New Paltz immigrants, had been there two or three years at least before that time. In 1663 Kingston was burned by the Indians, and the wife and three children of Louis Du- Bois, the Walloon, as he was called, were among those carried away captive.
This Louis DuBois, who became the leader of the settle- ment at New Paltz, was usually called Louis, the Walloon; the Walloons being the residents of that part of Flanders lying between the Scheldt and Lys. He was born in the hamlet of Wicres; near Lille; in the province of Artois, in French Flanders, October 27, 1626, and was the son of Chre -: tien DuBois, whose farm is still pointed out. Louis moved to Manheim, on the Rhine, the capital of the Palatinate, or .Paltz, a little principality, now incorporated in Baden, and there he married Catharine Blancon, the daughter of a burgher residing there, named Matthew Blançon, who was also a native of Artois. Manheim was, at that time, a refuge for the Protestants from the neighboring parts of France, and Baird, in his Huguenot Emigration, says: "The Le- Fevers, Hasbroucks, Crispells, etc., were associated with Louis DuBois at Manheim."
Anthony Crispell was the first of the New Paltz patentees to come to America. He came in company with his father- in-law, Matthew Blanchan,* on the Gilded Otter, arriving at New York in June, 1660. Governor Stuyvesant gave Blan- chan a letter to Sergeant Romp, in Esopus, whither they at once proceeded.
Louis DuBois, who was also a son-in-law of Blanchan, probably came over on the ship St. Jan Baptist, which
-* There is no uniformity in the early records in the spelling of French surnames and therefore none is attempted in this book.
7
HISTORY OF NEW PALTZ
landed August 6, 1661. Blanchan had sojourned in Eng- land before crossing the ocean, and probably his two sons- in-law, likewise. Blanchan, DuBois and Crispell all got land at Hurley. In 1661 Louis DuBois' third son, Jacob, was presented for baptism at the church at Kingston, as still shown by the church register, that being one of the earliest entries.
In 1663, June 10, Hurley and part of Kingston were burned by the Indians, and the wife of Louis DuBois and three children were among those carried away 'captive. Likewise the two children of Matthew Blanchan, Jr., and the wife and child of Anthony Crispell. 1
Three months afterward an expedition under Captain Kregier, sent from New York, recovered the captives; sur- prising the Indians at their fort near the Hogabergh, in Shawangunk. The story, which is dear to the Huguenot heart of New Paltz, is that when Captain Kregier and his company, directed by an Indian, attacked the savages at their place of refuge near the Shawangunk Kill, they were about to burn. one or more captives at the stake, and the women commenced singing the 137th Psalm, which so pleased the red men that they deferred the proposed death by torture, and in the meantime Captain Kregier's band, with Louis DuBois and others, arrived and rescued the cap- tives from a horrible death, Louis DuBois himself killing with his sword an Indian who was in advance of the rest before the alarm could be raised. Captain Kregier's report says nothing about this. However, we shall not give up the tradition as it contains nothing irreconcilable with the report of Captain Kregier, which deals mainly with the fighting done by his soldiers, while tradition would dwell more upon the condition of the captives.
8
HISTORY OF NEW PALTZ
The tradition concerning the impending fate of the wife of Louis DuBois at the time of rescue is not credited by Mr. E. M. Ruttenber, the Orange county historian, who states his objections as follows :
"The story was repudiated as a statement of fact, first, on the authority of Indian customs. We do not recall a single instance where a woman was burned at the stake by the Indians. They killed female prisoners on the march sometimes, when they were too feeble to keep up, but very rarely indeed after reaching camp .- Mrs. DuBois and her companions had been prisoners from June 19th to Septem- ber 5th, or nearly three months before they were rescued from captivity. During all that time they had been guarded carefully at the castle of the Indians, and held for ransom or exchange, to which end negotiations had been opened, the Indians asking especially the return of some of their chiefs who had been sent to Curaçoa and sold as slaves by Governor Stuyvesant.
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