USA > New York > Jefferson County > A history of Jefferson County in the state of New York, from the earliest period to the present time > Part 26
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About 1838, an apparatus for heating the air was introduced, and continued about six years, since which the cold blast has been alone used, which is found to make an iron of a better quality, and one capable of being chilled,* that renders it admir- ably adapted to car wheels, for which it is mostly used. This company after continuing less than three years, was given up, and a new one, styled the Philadelphia Iron Company, with a capital of $15,000, was formed, under the same general act, May 19, 1840, with F. Van Ostrend, Ephraim Taylor, George Dickerson, William Skinner, and John Gates, the parties named in the articles of association. This company has also ceased to exist, but the business has been since continued, under different names, but always with James Sterling as the efficient mover, and it is now conducted by him and his associates, with much success.
The principal ore employed is from the Sterling Iron Mine, in Antwerp, twelve miles distant, from whence it is drawn at a cost of $1 per ton. Bog ores from Wilna and Philadelphia, and a shaly lean ore from the Fuller and Shurtliff mines in this town, near the line of Theresa, have been used to some extent. The . latter is still used from necessity, as a flux only, for which, from the lime contained, it is found to be well adapted.
In 1841 the furnace was rebuilt; in May 1849 it was burned, and it has been recently rebuilt. The size, when erected, was twenty six feet square, thirty two feet high, with an inside diameter of seven feet, which has been since more or less varied. It has been lined with sandstone from Louisburgh, Antwerp, and Theresa.
The yield of Sterling ore is from forty to forty-five per cent, and the product of the furnace has now become from four to five tons daily. For several seasons, the furnace has been run upon contract, the proprietor furnishing the works and the ore, while the contractor supplies the labor and fuel.
A forge was erected at this village, about 1839, by Caleb Essington, and has been since more or less constantly used for refining, no ore being used.
The iron manufacture is the leading business of Sterlingville, which is a village of about sixty families, and has besides the
* A term, used to denote the property of becoming coarsely crystaline, white, and very hard, when cast in contact with a cold metallic surface.
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furnace and forge, two taverns, two stores, two saw mills, and several mechanic shops. It is, by plank road seven and a half miles from Antwerp, and five from Great Bend; and by common roads, four miles from Philadelphia, five from Le Raysville, six from Evans' Mills, fourteen from Watertown and ten from Carthage.
In the village of Sterlingville is a copious chalybeate spring, slightly sulphurous, and possessing, without a doubt, medicinal properties; but it has never been brought into use. A post office was established here in February, 1839, with George Walton first post master. The other post offices in this town, are Phila- delphia, Whitney's Corners, on the plank road from Ox Bow to Evans' Mills, and Pogeland, on the plank road between Antwerp and Sterlingville.
The Philadelphia Library was formed September 13, 1831, with Edmund Tucker, Alvah Murdock, Henry W. Marshall, Joel Haworth, John F. Lattimore, Samuel Rogers, Azel Danforth, Weeden Mosher, and John R. Taylor, trustees.
Religious Societies .- The Friends organized meetings here soon after their settlement: and in 1809, built on the centre lot a small frame meeting house, which in 1827, was set apart for a school, and the present meeting house was built, 30 by 50 feet, at a cost of $800, under the direction of Edmund Tucker, J. Strickland, Jr., J. Townsend, and C. Child. The Indian River Preparative, of the Le Ray Monthly Meeting, occupies this house.
The Baptist Church of Philadelphia was formed by ten mem- bers November 5, 1840; since which the following ministers have been employed, viz: John Stephens, John Wilder, Charles H. Havens, S. L. Bulas, J. F. Bishop, and Henry Ward. A Society was formed December 14, 1840, with Elias Roberts, Walter Colton, Jesse Smith, E. D. Woodward, and Henry York, trustees.
The Congregational Church of Philadelphia was formed of thirteen members by the Rev. N. Dutton, of Champion, in the winter of 1840-1, and continued to employ him for several years. The society of this church was formed February S, 1841, with Nelson Ackert, Milo Shattuck, Abiah Ford, Peter Bethel, and Alvah Murdock, trustees. These two societies, in 1841, erected a Union church, each owning an equal share; cost, $1,600. A Methodist society was formed March 9, 1839, with William Powell, George Sim, Theodore Cross, Charles R. Sweet, and Stephen Post, trustees. They have a church at Philadelphia, built soon after the society was formed.
A second society of the Methodists was formed March 6, 1844, with Sterling Graves, Richard Crabb, Benjamin Allen, and Nelson Chadwick, trustees, who have also a house of worship near the line of Antwerp.
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St. Nicholas church (Catholic) was built at Sterlingville, in 1838-39, at a cost of about $800; the site being given by La Farge. The priest resides at Carthage.
RODMAN.
This town, embracing its present limits and a part of Pinck- ney, or township No. 8, and part of No. 9, of the Black River Tract, was erected under the name of Harrison, from Adams, March 24, 1804, the first town meeting being directed to be held at the house of Simeon Hunt. The. name was derived from Richard Harrison, of New York, an eminent lawyer and an asso- ciate in several large purchases in this and adjoining counties, but it was found inconvenient to have a name so near like Harris- burgh, previously existing in Lewis County, and on the 6th of April, 1808, the name was changed to the present. We have been unable to ascertain from whence it was derived. By an act of February 12, 1808, township No. 9 was erected into a separate town, under the name of Pinckney, and the county line was changed to pass around that town instead of across it.
Nov. 4, 1804, a special town meeting was held, to choose delegates to attend a convention at Denmark to consult on meas- ures for the division of the County of Oneida. William Rice, Cyrus H. Stone and Simeon Hunt, were appointed.
At the first town meeting of Harrison, held at the house of Simeon Hunt, Thomas White was chosen supervisor, George H. Thomas, clerk; Ozias H. Rawson, Cyrus H. Stone, William Rice, assessors; Jonathan Davis, Robert Stuart, poor masters; David Nikles, S. Hunt, Calvin Clifford, commissioners of highways; Peter Yandes, constable and collector; George H. Thomas, John Fassett, fence viewers; S. Hunt, pound master. A special town meeting, held for the purpose, September 12, 1805, chose Wm. Rice a committee to wait on the court house commissioners, and represent the interests of the town. On the 12th of January, 1807, Wm. Rice, Cyrus H. Stone and Ebenezer Moody, were chosen delegates at a special meeting to meet a convention at the house of Joseph Clark, in Watertown, on the 13th inst., to take into consideration the military situation of the county.
Wolf bounties of $ 10 were offered in 1806, 7, 8. In 1806 and 1814, laws requiring Canada thistles to be cut. In 1823 voted against poor house. In 1826, voted to let Wm. Glass's wife have the use of a cow, the cow being secured to the town.
Supervisors .- 1805, Thomas White; 1806-9, Jonathan Davis; 1810-11, Enoch Murry; 1812, Samuel C. Kanaday; 1814, Abel Cole; 1815 and 1830, Nathan Strong; 1831-32, William M. Winslow; 1833-36, Ora Cooley; 1837, George Gates; 1838, N. Strong; 1839-40, Thomas Wait; 1841, Ora Cooley; 1842,
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Henry C. Strong; 1843, Herman Strong; 1844-45, H. C. Strong; 1846, Wm. Gill; 1847, Dennis M. Wait; 1848-49, Benjamin F. Hunt; 1850, Alanson Tibbetts; 1851-52, George Gates; 1853, Ora Cooley.
This town was first opened for settlement by Harrison and Hoffman, under Silas Stow, of Lowville, as agent, in 1801, hav- ing been surveyed by Joseph Crary the year previous. It was divided into 56 lots, and these were subdivided into quarters. The land was generally sold for $3.50 per acre. In 1801, Anson and Ebenezer Moody, Jonathan, Noah, and Aaron Davis, Ben- jamin Thomas, William Rice, Simeon Hunt, and perhaps a few others came in, and commenced small clearings, and in Septem- ber Mrs. E. Moody came in to reside, being the first woman that settled in town. This family occupied a log house which A. Moody had erected that season. In the fall, the first birth oc- curred, it being a son of E. Moody, who was named Walter Harrison Moody. He died at the age of 3 years, and is believed to have been the first death in town. His father, in accordance with a promise of Mr. Harrison, received 50 acres of land. Roads along Sandy Creek and to Burrville were opened in 1801, September 4th, 1802, Timothy Greenly from Litchfield, New York, bought of Harrison and Hoffman 26693 acres in the south- east corner of the town at eighteen shillings per acre, and the second season after removed by way of Redfield. He was a prominent citizen, and died February 19th, 1852, aged 84. William Rice erected at Rodman Village a saw mill in 1804, and in 1806 a grist mill. Simeon Hunt was the first inn keeper. Bridges were not completed over Sandy Creek until 1809.
The books of the land holders show the following additional names of those who contracted for land under date of December Ist, 1804.
Jesse Smith, afterwards the founder of Smithville, Aaron Moody, Horace Townsend, Thomas White, Joseph Nickles, Arnold Stone, Nathan Whiteman, Avery Wallsworth, Joseph Dana, Titus King, Noah Davis, Thadrick Case, Leonard Fare- well, Joshua Finney, John Vaughan, Leonard Barker. On the 25th of March, 1805, Buell and Westcott, Nathan Freeman. In August, Hawks and French, Pierce and Lampson, Wright Mead, &c. During the years 1803-6, the town settled with great rapidity, and the pioneers suffered no further hardships than fall to the lot of all emigrants. In 1813, sixty deaths oc- curred in town, mostly within three months, and from the pre- vailing epidemic. With this exception the town has not suffered from the sickness that has prevailed in other towns nearer the lake. Its feeling of mutual dependence and a willingness to divide the burthens and misfortunes of life, is spoken of as
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having existed to an unusual degree in the early settlement of the town, in evidence of which, the custom is said to have prevailed, if any one was sick and unable to attend to his fields, his work was always kept up even with those around him, and if one chanced to kill a deer, then very common in town, the venison was uniformly divided with neighbors. The kindest feeling has ever existed between the several religious societies. A school was first opened in town by Miss M. Nobles, in Anson Moody's barn, in the summer of 1803.
The alarm of the first attack on Sackets Harbor, reached this town on the sabbath, and created a great excitement. On the day following, there was formed a Silver Grey company, of men not required to perform military duty. Nathan Strong was chosen captain, Simeon Hunt, lieutenant, and Sheldon Hopkins, ensign. It numbered about 60 men, and on one occasion repaired to Sackets Harbor, but was never armed or called into service. In the drafts upon the militia during the war, this town sustained its full share, and but few persons left through fear. The Silver Greys, in their articles of association, agreed to march to any place, within 50 miles of home.
The earlier surveyors and settlers noticed in a small flat at the bottom of the Gulf Stream, a ravine in this town, growing in great luxuriance, a variety of plants which are common around dwellings, and introduced for medicinal purposes, as tansy, mints, balı, &c. The question of their origin, and the time and manner of their introduction is a matter of curiosity, but was never ascertained. No appearances but these indicated that the place had been formerly inhabited.
Rodman Village, in the valley north of Sandy Creek, five miles above Adams, is built mostly on the south bank, and has two taverns, four stores, a Methodist and a Congregational church, a seminary, and about forty-five dwellings, with the usual variety of mechanics' shops. During a considerable part of the year, it has hydraulic power for mills, but in the summer months this is to some extent supplied by steam. In 1816, a mail route was established, and Nathan Strong was appointed first postinaster.
In 1840, a seminary of wood, two stories high, with a porch in front, and a cupola, was built by voluntary subscriptions, at a cost of about $1,200. The land was conveyed in trust to the trustees of the Harrison Society, for the purpose of a school, by the heirs of Nathan Strong, and for several years a select school has been maintained here. On the 8th of December 1840, the name of Rodman Union Seminary, was adopted, and Jan. 5th, 1841, a constitution was formed, and thirteen trustees chosen.
Zoar is a hamlet on Sandy Creek, one mile above Rodman Village, where there is a Baptist church, inn, store, a few shops, and about twenty dwellings.
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Whitesville (East Rodman, post office), is on Sandy Creek, about five miles above Rodman Village. It derives its name from Thomas White, who in 1802 settled there from Litchfield, N. Y. He wasfor several years a sub agent for the town, and in 1803 built the first grist mill in town. He removed westward, about 1810. At this place is a small village, consisting of a store, grist mill, a few shops, and a small cluster of dwellings.
Religious Societies .- The first religious service in town, was conducted in the summer of 1802, by Rev. Mr. Woodward, a missionary, who on a week day preached to a small audience, at the hut of Anson Moody.
The Congregational Church of Rodman, was formed by Rev. Ebenezer Lazelle, of Watertown, Sept. 22, 1805. Occasional preaching only was had until the second sabbath in Aug. 1808, when the Rev. David Spear,* first preached, and was soon em- ployed. In Sept. 1809, he was installed, has since, with two or three years' interval, continued the pastor until the present time. The first number was 9, total 521; present number ( August. 1853), 210. In 1809, July 17th, the Harrison Society, belonging with this church, was formed, with Reuben Tremain, James Loomis, Asa Davis, Simeon Hunt, Jonathan Wyman and D. Eastman, trustees. The society was reorganized, April, 24, 1834, and in 1815 built a church 38 by 50 feet. In 1850 this was replaced by the present church, which was dedicated in March, 1851; it is 40 by 61 feet. From 1809 to 1821, was a period of religious interest, and in 1821-23, were great accessions.
In the spring of 1811, about six or eight Baptists in town, agreed to hold meetings on the sabbath, as often as convenient, and to invite such preachers as might be procured to attend, among whom was Joseph Maltby, who on the 27th of March, 1812, formed, at the house of Benjamin Cole, a church of nine males and thirteen females. These, on the 10th of June, were duly fellowshiped, by a council convened for the purpose by delegates from Rutland First Church (Elder Solomon Johnson), Adams (Elder Timothy Heath), and Watertown (Elders Gill and Mor- gan), and Mr. Maltby was duly ordained as pastor. Isaac Benjamin, Joseph Cornell, Daniel Peck, and others have since been employed. This church was afterwards formed as a branch of the Adams Church, and in November 1844, it was reorganized as a separate church, on a petition signed by about 50 members. In 1822, a church was erected at Zoar, and Dec. 11th, 1822, a society was formed with Arnold Stone, Levi Heath, and Elisha
* It is seldom that we meet with an instance in which the pastoral relation has been so long maintained by one person. Mr. Spear was born in Rupert, Vt., June, 1781, and studied with Rev. John B. Preston, of his native place. Since the above date he has resided here, and no better evidence of esteem and regard, earned by a lifetime of daily precept, by example, could be adduced.
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Cook, trustees. On the 6th of Oct. 1846, this was reorganized, with P. W. Dyer, John Nichols, and John W. Wait, trustees.
The First Methodist Society in Rodman, was formed Aug. 6, 1829, with John Adams, Jonathan Boyington, Ebenezer Black- stone, Arthur Robbins, Anson Moody, Epaphras Moody, Wm. Butterfield, Daniel Kinney, and Chauncey Davis, trustees. This society has a church, two miles below Whitesville.
The First Methodist Episcopal Society, in Rodman Village, was formed March, 1848, with Elam Cooley, Hiram Buell, John Buell, James W. Brown, Winson D. Allport, Alanson Kinney, Isaac Jenks, Freeman Tuttle, and Almanzor Tibbets, trustees. A church was built in 1849.
The Second Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in Rodman, was formed Dec. 10, 1841. Green Budlong, Hiram Buel, Allen Parker, Orris Buel, Joseph S. Rising, Jesse Spencer, Abel Case, Jacob Vroman, and Hervy Kellogg, were elected trustees.
RUTLAND.
This town, embracing its present limits, or township No. 3, of the Black River Tract, was taken April 1, 1802, from Water- town; the first town meeting being held at the house of David Coffeen.
The first town officers chosen, were David Coffeen, supervisor; Jacob A. Williams, clerk; Abel Sherman,* Zelotus Harvey, Wm. Coffeen, assessors; Levi Heath, Solomon Thompson, Gershom Tuttle, commissioners highways; Benj. Edde, constable and col- lector; besides two pound masters, three fence viewers, twelve path masters, three deer reeves, six hog reeves, and a committee of three to settle accounts with Watertown.
Wolf bounties of $10 were offered in 1803, 7, 8. 14, and of $15, in 1805-6. Fox bounties of $0.50, in 1816, and of $1, in 1818. In 1811-12 a law was passed, requiring Canada thistles to be cut, "at the full moon in June, July, and August," under a penalty of $1.
Supervisors .- 1803, David Coffeen; 1804-5, Clift French; 1806, Ethel Bronson; 1807, Zelotus Harvey; 1808, Hugh Hen- derson. At a special meeting in April, Ethel Bronson, to fill vacancy; 1809-13, Judah Williams. In July 1813, Jonathan Smiley, to fill vacancy; 1814-20, J. Smiley; 1821-23, Ethel Bronson; 1824-26, Amos Stebbins; 1827-35, Joseph Graves; 1836, John Felt; 1837-40, Geo. White; 1841-42, Aaron W. Potter; 1843, J. Graves; 1844, David Howland; 1845, Gardner Towne; 1846-47, Merril Coburn; 1848-49, Asa Clark, Jr .; 1850-52, Martin L. Graves; 1853, John A. Sherman.
* Dr. Abel Sherman, the first sheriff, was a native of Brimfield, Mass., and removed to Clinton, Oneida County, from whence, in 1802, he settled in Rutland, on the south road, where he subsequently lived and died.
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Rutland.
The name of this town was selected at a town meeting, held for the purpose, and was suggested by settlers from Rutland, in Vermont.
This town was surveyed by Benjamin Wright, in 1796, into 57 lots, of about 500 acres each, and in 1799 he subdivided these into quarters.
This town having fell to the share of Wm. Henderson, in the division of the Black River Tract, was first opened for settlement by his agent, Asher Miller, of Middletown, Ct., whom he em- ployed, June 6, 1799, to remove to the town, and commence improvements. As a consideration, he was allowed the choice of 500 acres, wherever he might select, and at a very reduced rate. Accordingly, in July, Miller opened a road from the river, to near the centre of the town, and fixed his residence and location, near the small lake, about a mile east of Rutland Village. From a memorandum, made by him, we derive the following names of purchasers, during the years 1799, 1800, 1801, from which it will be seen, that the town settled with great rapidity, mostly by emigrants from New England. Nearly all of these men are now ! dead. The number of acres taken by each is appended.
In 1799, Levi Butterfield (September 21), 172; Perley Keyes, Amos Stebbins, and William Keyes (October 3), 343; David Coffeen (November 1), 391; Goldsmith Coffeen, 312; Raphael Porter, 213; Israel Wright, 98; Jonathan and Clark Boss, 161; James Killiam, 141; Charles Kelsey, 116; Jeptha King, 137; John Dole, 154; Gardner Cleveland, 242; Warren Foster, 142; John Cotes, 134 (November 6).
In 1800, in June, John Earl, Jr., 120; Nathan Green, 128; Robert Jeroms, 145; Isaac and Caleb Corp, 196; in July, Henry Houk, 130; in autumn, John Earl, 134; Danford Earl, 113; Simeon Munson, 89; Mathias Houk, 135; Alford Comins, 94; Charles Comins, 128; Solomon Tuttle, 233; Chauncey Rawson, 122; Gershom Tuttle, 276; Abel Sherman, 229; Kenyon Larkin, 352; Peter Cook, 92; Ezekiel Andrews, 144; - Rose, - Welch, 155; Lot McClure, 72; Isaiah Bailey, 50; Luther Foot, 137; Enos Sanford, 141; Jacob A. Williams, 108; Amos Barnes, 2d, 97; Stephen Kemball, 97; Vernon Huston, 193; Elijah Beech, 80; Thomas Lee, 61; Daniel Russell, 75; Turner Ellis, 160; Joseph Patterson, 122; Silas Pierce, 100; Benjamin White, 53; James Murray, 125; Abner White, 5]; Thomas M. Converse, 78; - Brayton, - Swan, 93; Jonathan Hill, Frederick Tyler, 146; John Stanley, 136; Stephen Cummins, 146; Andrew Stafford, 116; James Stafford, 106; William H. Stevens, 81; . Dr. Philips, 197; Henry Allen, 106; Elisha Ludden, 261; Philip H. Hinman; 269; Thomas Hosmer, 225; Peter Wright, 118; Erastus Maltby, 158; Chandler Maltby, 151; Roger Williams,
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291; George White, 266; Benjamin Pike, 170; Clift French, 105.
In 1801, William Coffeen, 257; Thomas Dunton, 328; John Patterson, 130; Alexander Warner, 74; Joseph Wakefield, 98; Jesse Hale, Asa, and Luther Brown, 100; Josiah Osmer, Luther W. Dexter, 120; Samuel Treadway, 178; Orange Eno, 68; James Morse, 68; Levi Hare, 155; Joseph Underwood, 133; John Smith, 121; David Stafford, 118; Thomas Starkweather, 103; Joseph Luddon, 124; Thomas Hill, 112; Caleb Harris, 114; Scott, - Wessel, - Johnson, 651; Asher Bull, 247; Ethan Newton, 130; Stukely Wicks, 114; Jonathan Covey, 126; Job Olmstead, 145; - - Brittan, - Foster, 173.
Without date, but in one of the above years, Jonathan Davis, 93; Thinyon Green, 110; Charles Hill, 120; Jacob Shook, 70; Ethan Post, 148; Artemas Pike, 135; Samuel Parker, 120.
The total amount of sales during the three years was 17,549.03 acres for $50,738.14, "the contracts being without interest for one year. By much the largest part of the town was thus rapidly settled, the unsold portions being along the north and south bounds.
In June, 1803, Abel French succeeded as agent, and the same year sold 2,313 acres for $7,112.60. Early in 1804, Hen- derson assigned to Dr. Isaac Bronson, of Greenfield, Ct., and afterwards of New York, his interest in the town. Dr. Bron- son was born in Middlebury, Ct .; when a youth he studied medicine at Hartford, and at an early age obtained a commission as surgeon on board a merchant ship, and sailed for the East Indies, where, by trade, he amassed wealth. On returning, he embarked in land speculations, and among other things, on the disbandment of the American army, at the close of the Revolu- tionary war, he purchased soldiers' scrip at a great discount, which afterwards rose to par.
Soon after the purchase of the townships by Dr. Isaac Bron- son, he appointed Ethel Bronson, his brother, of Middlebury, Ct., agent, to settle in the town and sell his lands. Previous adven- turers had brought back flattering accounts of the country, and New England was filled with the fame of the new and fertile lands of the Black River Country. In May, 1804, Ethel Bronson, David Tyler, and Josiah Tyler, with their families, started for their distant home. Three weeks were consumed in the journey, the latter part of which was difficult and perilous. The roads, lately marked out, and leading through almost uninhabited forests, were hardly passable with teams. Frequent breakages compelled the party to walk, encamp in their wagons, or the most convenient locality, and subsist on whatever was at hand. Fortunately, however, they suffered no want of provisions before
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they reached their destination. Ethel Bronson settled in the centre of the town; and David and Josiah Tyler, in the southern part; after whom the present village of Tylerville was named.
Among the first to settle in this town, were Samuel Porter and family, who experienced many hardships, being obliged to send to Whitesboro to mill, a distance of nearly seventy miles, the journey being performed with an ox team. It is said that strag- gling Indians infested the settlements when new, and proved an- noying, by pilfering, or openly plundering the property of the settlers in the absence of the men at their work.
In connection with the perils of the pioneer life, may here, perhaps, not inappropriately be noticed those of one, who, at a later period, lived and died in this town. The events happened at an early period, and at a distant locality, but the account will interest many who were personally acquainted with their heroine.
" Mrs. Elizabeth Parkinson, who died in Rutland, June 22, 1842, at the advanced age of eighty-four, was a native of New Hampshire, having married, for her first husband, Mr. Peter Poor, and with him moved to the town of Bethel, situated near the source of the Androscoggin River, in the state of Maine. Here she was residing with her husband and two children in the year 1781; in the autumn of which year the savages came down upon that recent and defenceless settlement to seek for scalps and plunder.
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