USA > New York > Ontario County > A history of Ontario County, New York and its people, Volume I > Part 12
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EMORY B. POTTLE.
Emory B. Pottle was born in Naples, July 4, 1815; elected to Assembly in 1846 on the Whig ticket ; elected to Congress as a Re- publican in 1856; studied law with Sibley & Worden in Canandaigua and later engaged in practice as a partner of Alexander H. Howell; died in Naples, April 18, 1891.
In Ontario county the lines were closely drawn, and the tri- angular contest fought out with unflinching courage. The Repub- lican ticket, headed by the names of Fremont and Dayton, bore that of John A. King, as the candidate for Governor of the State. Its local candidates, as we have seen, were as follows: For Congress, Emory B. Pottle; for county judge, Henry W. Taylor ; for jus- tice of sessions, George W. Stearns ; for superintendent of the poor, John Lapham ; for coroners, John Q. Howe and Rollin Gregg : for member of Assembly, First district, Samuel A. Foot; for member of Assembly, Second dis- trict, Zoroaster Paul.
The American ticket, headed by the name of Millard Fillmore, its candidate for the Presidency, carried that of Erastus Brooks, for Governor; Andrew Oliver, for Congress; Ambrose L. Van Dusen, for Assembly, First district ; and William S. Clark, for Assembly, Second district.
The Democratic candidate for President was James Buchanan ; for Governor, Amasa J. Parker ; for Congress, Darius A. Ogden ; for county judge, Jabez H. Metcalf; for Assembly, First district, Cor- nelius Horton; for Assembly, Second district, Henry Munson.
127
THE NEW POLITICAL LEADERS.
The work of the Republican campaign was pursued along three lines-through the newspapers, through the organization of clubs, and through public meetings.
The Times at Canandaigua and the Geneva Courier were the local newspaper organs of the party, and it is needless to say that both were vigilant and aggressive in argument and retort. The former fairly bristled with exhortations to the voter, devoting at least one full page and sometimes two full pages of every issue during the campaign to the cause it had so deeply at heart. its editorials being emphasized by italic and capital type, quite differ- ent from the quieter style of modern newspaper typography.
The call for the organization of a Fremont and Dayton club in Canandaigua was published June 26, as follows:
Meeting for Organization.
All electors of the town of Canandaigua, without regard to past political differences, who are opposed to the Slavery extension border ruffian policy of the Pierce administration, and in favor of the election of Fremont and Dayton, are invited to meet at the Town Hall, Saturday evening, June 28th, 1856, for the purpose of organizing preparatory to the opening of the Presidential cam- paign.
O. Benjamin,
Wm. Tozer,
John Johnson.
N. J. Milliken,
J. J. Stebbins,
John S. Mullen,
F. W. Alverson,
W. E. Williams,
Andrew Van Wie,
J. C. Fairchild,
Charles Coy,
Abram Van Wie,
Isaac Parrish,
R. C. Pratt,
R. G. Chamberlain,
D. F. Alverson,
B. R. Pratt, Levi Herendeen,
Stephen Harris, John Hutchins.
A. O. Kellogg,
L. R. Whittaker,
F. O. Mason,
O. M. Smith,
J. H. Chamberlain, Edwin Hicks,
S. S. Briggs,
I. W. Mitchell,
H. C. Lucas,
Wm. H. Bennett,
A. Hills, Joel Dailey,
J. Hotchkiss,
John Mosher,
T. E. Hart,
John Howey,
L. Warrick, Zebina Lucas,
S. Parrish, 2d, Joel M. Howey,
L. B. True,
Warren Brown,
H. S. Tousley.
William Warrick,
Ansel Debow,
R. B. Crawford,
A. A. Brown, W. Brown, Jr.,
R. Stevens,
Cornelius Davis, Addison Stearns,
Thos. Cochran,
Thos. C. Burling,
J. C. Holmes,
S. K. Doolittle,
Stephen Saxton.
J. S. Hendershot,
R. L. Huntley,
J. W. Barnes,
Otis K. Parshall,
At the meeting thus held, Orson Benjamin was called to the chair and Elihu M. Morse acted as secretary. Elisha W. Gard-
Robert McBride,
Geo. Cook,
E. W. Gardner, Jr.,
M. A. Olds,
128
HISTORY OF ONTARIO COUNTY.
ner, John Mosher, Riley Stevens, Joel M. Howey, and Holmes C. Lucas were named as a committee to arrange with the county com- mittee for a mass meeting, and Nathan J. Milliken, Stephen Saxton, Elisha W. Gardner, Willson Millor, and Chauncey Remington, a committee to draft a constitution and name permanent officers: Edwin Hicks made a happy and effective speech. At an adjourned meeting, upon nomination of the committee named, these officers were elected: President, Orson Benjamin ; vice presidents, Chaun- cey Remington, George Cook and Robert McBride; treasurer, John Mosher ; secretaries, Edwin Hicks and Elihu M. Morse.
JAMES C. SMITH.
James C. Smith was born at Phelps, N. Y., August 14, 1817; graduated from Union Col- lege, 1835; admitted to the bar in 1838, entering upon the practice of his profession at Lyons; appointed Surrogate of Wayne county, April, 1842. Removed to Canandai- gua, 1854, becoming a partner of Elbridge G. Lapham; State Commissioner to the Peace Congress of 1861; Justice of the Supreme Court, 1863-1887. Mr. Smith was originally a Free Soil Democrat, but became a Repub- lican upon the organization of that party, and in 1856 and succeeding campaigns was one of its most persuasive "stumpers." Died at his home in Canandaigua, September 26, 1900.
At a subsequent meeting, in August, there was another shuf- fle, and the list of officers was revised as follows : President, James C. Smith; vice presi- dents, Evander Sly, Charles Coy, Holmes C. Lucas, Charles P. Johnson, George Cook, H. N. Jarvis, Chauncey Remington, and Joel M. Howey; treasurer, John Mosher: executive committee, John Mosher, John Morse, and Allen Wood; secretaries, Elihu M. Morse and G. G. Cornell.
The Canandaigua club raised a pole on September 24. The local paper declared: "It is an undeniable fact that the Fremont and Dayton flag in Canandaigua floats from a taller pole, waves over a bigger party, and represents a nobler cause than any other in town."
The club's headquarters was established on the second floor of the Bemis block, in the room now occupied by E. Chapin Church as an insurance office, and was open daily, Sundays excepted, with
129
THE NEW POLITICAL LEADERS.
newspapers and documents, a warm fire, and comfortable seats, for the use of "all true Republicans."
Other Fremont and Dayton clubs were noted as having been organized as follows :
Rushville-President, Chester Loomis; vice presidents, John Wisewell, Hiram Torrey, Joseph Blodgett, George W. Stearns, David Christie, Guy Shaw, Smith Bostwick, David Redout ; secre- taries, S. S. Catlin, D. Morris, J. Sayer. This club raised a white oak pole, one hundred feet high and only ten inches in diameter at the base, and challenged the State to produce a finer one.
Later the young Republicans of Rushville organized a club, with these officers: President, Forest Harwood; vice presidents. James Delevan, J. O. Fanning, Lyman Washburn; secretaries, F. B. Seelye and C. F. Green; treasurer, S. S. Catlin. This club put up a Fremont cabin.
Bristol-President, Stephen A. Codding ; vice presidents. Elna- than W. Simmons and Elijah Jones; secretary, Washington L. Hicks; treasurer, B. T. Case.
Gorham-President, David Pickett ; vice presidents, George B. Cook, J. Bloomingdale, O. J. Rice : secretary, Isaac Moor; treas- urer, O. J. Rice ; executive committee, J. H. Van Osdale, Jr., Isaac Moor, A. Brown, Robert Moody, Henry Douglass, William Squires, Jonathan Phillips, E. Darwin Bainbridge, Henry Mapes.
Farmington-President, John H. Nichols; secretary, Elias H. Knight; executive committee, J. R. Dennis, J. Blackmore, and E. H. Aldridge; treasurer, E. H. Aldridge.
East Bloomfield-President, Myron Adams; vice presidents, Edward Brunson and Roswell C. Munson: secretary, R. C. Stiles ; treasurer, William P. Judd; business committee, Ira R. Peck, Edward Brunson, C. W. Higby, Henry W. Hamlin, Henry Gains, David A. Rainsford, and Elisha Steele.
Cheshire-President, John Johnson; vice presidents, Holmes C. Lucas, Philander Stiles, and R. L. Huntley ; treasurer, J. Hutch- ens ; secretary, R. L. Huntley ; corresponding secretary, Holmes C. Lucas. Mr. Pottle was the speaker at a pole raising in Cheshire, September 13.
Naples-President, Alfred Griswold; vice presidents, David G. Teets and S. H. Sutton ; secretaries, A. T. Nelson and L. Sprague.
130
HISTORY OF ONTARIO COUNTY.
Perhaps the most notable meeting of the campaign in this county was that advertised as follows:
PEOPLE'S
COUNTY MEETING
A Convention of the FRIENDS OF FREEDOM In Ontario County, will be held at the COURT HOUSE IN THE VILLAGE OF CANANDAIGUA -- 01 -- SATURDAY, AUGUST 30th.
HON. JOSHUA R. GIDDINGS,
Of Ohio, the eloquent and faithful champion of Human Liberty, will address the meeting.
GEN. JAMES W. NYE,
And several other speakers of celebrity have been invited and are expected to attend.
The people of Ontario County are invited to come up and hear this dis- cussion of the great question of
FREEDOM IN KANSAS
Freedom on our Great Highways of Commerce; Freedom of the Ballot Box and of the Press; and Freedom of Conscience and Speech in the Senate of the Nation. They are invited cordially, without distinction of former party pref- erences, or present predilections, to hear a candid investigation of the great issues that affect the American People at the present crisis.
The names of the Speakers announced guarantee a rare treat and good time.
By Order of Com.
This meeting was postponed, on account of the prolongation of the term of the Congress of which Mr. Giddings was a member, but it was finally held in Bemis hall. October 22, and that eminent Anti-Slavery orator, himself a native of Canandaigua, spoke to a
131
THE NEW POLITICAL LEADERS.
full house; General B. F. Bruce also delivered addresses, one in the afternoon and one in the evening. The afternoon meeting was first organized in the park, but the weather was bad and it was finally adjourned to the hall. Owing to these unfavorable cir- cumstances, the attendance failed to meet the expectations of the ardent Canandaigua Republicans
Other speakers from outside the county assisted in the cam- paign, but it is evident that the main reliance was on home tal- ent. Led by Emory B. Pottle, of Naples, the nominee for member of Congress, and truthfully de- scribed by the local Republican newspaper of that day as "one of the most accomplished and forci- ble speakers in this part of the State," the county "spellbinders" included such speakers as Henry W. Taylor, James C. Smith, Elbridge G. Lapham, Edwin Hicks, William H. Smith, Francis J. Lamb and Elisha W. Gardner.
WILLIAM H. SMITH.
William H. Smith was born in the town of Farmington, Ontario county, January 23, 1829 ; educated at Macedon and Canandaigua academies ; studied law with Mark H. Sib- ley and entered practice in Canandaigua in 1852; District Attorney, 1858-63; County Judge, 1870-72, 1879-84; secretary of the Republican County Nominating convention in 1856; member of the Republican National convention that nominated Abraham Lin- coln for a second term as President, 1864. Died in Canandaigua, November 30, 1902.
The meetings were every- where well attended ; great enthu- siasm was shown; Fremont and Dayton poles were raised and in two instances (in Gorham and Bristol) were cut down by political opponents ; glee clubs sang :
Arise! Your country bids you rise. Her faithful champions be, And herald wide, "Free Soil, Free Men, Fremont and victory."
Or this :
We go for Free Kansas, Free Press and Free Speech And many great things that Freedom doth teach- We want no old fogies to crush us with wrong, So clear out the way for Jesse and John.
132
HISTORY OF ONTARIO COUNTY.
Thus the Republicans of old Ontario organized the first Nation- al campaign of their party. They fought a good fight, those fathers of ours! They kept the faith. Alas, that so many of them have finished their course.
The attack upon Charles Sumner in the United States Senate, in May, 1856, aroused the indignation of the North regardless of party, and Silver Grays, Democrats, and Know Nothings vied with Republicans in expressing condemnation. Meetings were held for that purpose both in Canandaigua and Geneva, and many who had until then held aloof from the new organization, entered its ranks never to return to their old party affiliations. The outrages in Kansas provided constant food for public excitement. Virulent attacks were made upon General Fremont, by Know Nothing (American) and Buccaneer (Democratic) newspapers. He was charged with being a Roman Catholic and a slave holder, but these canards had small effect with the voters. Republican enthusiasm and Republican confidence increased as the campaign proceeded. Newspaper after newspaper came over into the Republican camp. Straw votes taken on the railroad trains, hereabouts as elsewhere in the State, showed a large preponderance of Fremont and Dayton sentiment. And these wisps proved correct indicators of the way the political wind was blowing.
The Republicans carried the State for their National ticket by a vote of 276,007, as compared with that of 195,878 for Buchanan and 124,604 for Fillmore. They elected their candidates for State offices, and were generally successful in the local contests.
In Ontario county and in the Ontario-Yates-Seneca congres- sional district, the party that a year before had struggled bravely for bare existence and, despite its combination with political foes, had gone down in defeat at the polls, now developed conquering strength, obtaining a clear majority over both the opposing tickets.
The Times used five columns of its editorial page to report the local result, as follows:
New York for Freedom! ONTARIO COUNTY. Fremont 2,437 ahead of Fillmore! Fremont 2,813 ahead of Buchanan! ! CLEAN REPUBLICAN MAJORITY OVER ALL, 719.
The Republicans of this county have achieved a glorious triumph. Old Ontario once more stands proudly by the flag of Freedom, having given Fre-
133
THE NEW POLITICAL LEADERS.
mont and Dayton an overwhelming majority over the combined forces of Buchanan and Fillmore. The vote in the several towns for Presidential elec- tors was as follows:
Fremont
Fillmore
Buchanan
Canandaigua
578
393
281
Bristol
253
70
53
Victor
230
153
84
Farmington
260
61
27
Hopewell
180
132
42
South Bristol
136
87
24
Richmond
223
36
49
Canadice
129
48
20
Naples
309
101
48
Gorham
281
163
62
Phelps
419
267
368
Seneca
754
340
366
Manchester
352
129
176
West Bloomfield
197
81
32
East Bloomfield
250
133
56
Total
4,551
2,194
1,638
We have not done quite as well for the Republican State ticket, but have probably given it about 2,000 over its leading opponent.
Our candidates for county offices and for Members of Assembly run about even with those for State offices, and of course
ARE ALL ELECTED!
Hon. S. A. Foot represents the 1st and Zoroaster Paul the 2d Assembly district. Hon. Henry W. Taylor is the County Judge elect; John Lapham, Esq., Superintendent of the Poor; and Rollin R. Gregg and John Q. Howe, Coroners. The Hinoos are completely "whipped" and laid out IN EVERY TOWN IN THE COUNTY.
Mr. Pottle leads Oliver for Congress in this county about 2,000 and in Yates about 2,100. He is likewise ahead in Seneca County. His plurality over Oliver will not be far from 4,500.
THE STATE.
New York, true to her ancient faith and to the teachings of her patriotic statesmen, has declared for Freedom and Fremont with decided emphasis. She has given the Republican electoral ticket a plurality of many thousands, and
ELECTED ALL THE REPUBLICAN CANDIDATES
for State offices, and likewise a large majority of Republican Members of Assem- bly, which with the existing Republican Senate secures the election of a Repub- lican United States Senator. Our noble Empire State is thus triumphantly redeemed.
Evidently the new party had come to stay and to conquer, but for once the Union did not go as did New York. Buchanan received
134
HISTORY OF ONTARIO COUNTY.
the electoral vote of all the slave States and also of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Indiana, Illinois, and California, and was elected.
The Republicans were defeated in the National contest, but they had gained such substantial victories throughout the North and had welded themselves into so compact a party organization, that they could look to the future with confidence.
As the Young Men's Fremont and Dayton club, of Canandai- gua, declared, in resolutions adopted at a meeting held immediately after election, they were determined to "fight on, fight ever" in defence of the principles enunciated in the platform adopted at their party's first National convention. The club reelected its officers at this meeting and appointed Francis J. Lamb, Chauncey Remington, and John Mosher a committee to arrange for a series of political lectures "for the purpose of enlightening the public mind in regard to the principles and intentions of the party."
Fremont, the gallant Pathfinder, had been defeated at the polls, but the cause of Free Speech, Free Press, Free Men, Free Soil, and Free Labor was to march on to victory.
135
THE LINCOLN - HAMLIN CAMPAIGN.
XIV
THE LINCOLN - HAMLIN CAMPAIGN.
Ontario County a Center of Political Interest-Organization of the "Wideawakes"-One of the Candidates for the Presidency Formerly a Resident of Ontario County and a Student in the Canandaigua Academy-Speaks at a Big Meeting near Clifton Springs-Loyal in the Hour of Defeat.
The campaign of 1860 marked the culmination of the political movement whose rise we have been following. In the election of Lincoln and Hamlin as against candidates representing every shade of dissenting political opinion, the people saw their will in a way to be obeyed and the aggressions of the slave power at last finally checked.
In the intervening years the Republicans of New York had retained the control which they had won in 1856. Governor John A. King had been succeeded in 1858 by Governor Edwin D. Morgan, for whom Ontario county gave a majority of 1,640. Truman Board- man, of Seneca county, had been elected State Senator from the Twenty-sixth district, consisting of Ontario, Yates and Seneca counties, over W. W. Wright ( Democrat ) and William H. Lamport (American), and Emory B. Pottle had been elected to Congress from a district having the same numerical number and the same constituent counties. Members of Assembly from Ontario county had been elected as follows: 1857, Volney Edgerton (Rep.), of Manchester, and Ira R. Peck (Rep.), of East Bloomfield; 1858, Ulysses Warner (Dem.), of Phelps, and Shotwell Powell (Rep.), of South Bristol; 1859, Lewis Peck (Rep.), of Phelps, and Shotwell Powell (Rep.), of South Bristol. In county offices, Elnathan W. Simmons had succeeded John J. Lyon as county clerk ; Orson Benja- min had succeeded John N. Whiting as surrogate ; William Hildreth had succeeded Henry C. Swift as sheriff ; Edwin Hicks, by appoint- ment, and subsequently William H. Smith, by election, had followed Thomas O. Perkins as district attorney; Spencer Gooding had
136
HISTORY OF ONTARIO COUNTY.
succeeded Jacob J. Mattison as county treasurer, and Simeon R. Wheeler in 1857, Jonathan Pratt in 1858, and Daniel Arnold in 1859, had been elected superintendents of the poor.
The Republicans in the 1857 and 1858 campaigns met two opposing tickets, one nominated by the Democratic and one by the American party. In 1859 the opposing forces fused and put union tickets in the field for State, district, and county offices, but even then could not defeat the Republican ticket or check the growth of that party.
So the opening of the year 1860 found the Republicans in posses- sion of every county office and represented at Albany and at Washington by men of their own political faith. Confident of success at the approaching National election and hopeful that the brilliant leader of their own State, William H. Seward, would be the nominee for the Presidency, they entered upon that campaign with the greatest enthusiasm.
They fired the first gun in April, when they carried twelve of the fifteen towns of the county by largely increased majorities. The supervisors elected were as follows: Canandaigua, Charles Coy : Canadice, Walling Armstrong; Bristol, Stephen A. Codding; East Bloomfield, Edward Brunson; Farmington, George S. Allen ; Gorham, James M. Pulver ; Hopewell, Robert Chapin ; Manchester, Andrew J. Hanna ; Naples, Lester Sprague; Richmond, Willard Doolittle : South Bristol, Charles Sheldon ; Seneca, Perez H. Field ; Phelps, Ambrose L. Van Dusen; Victor, Lanson Dewey: West Bloomfield, Elisha F. Leech. The minority members were Messrs. Pulver. Chapin and Sheldon.
Charles J. Folger and Charles P. Johnson, of the First district, and Nathan J. Milliken and Stephen A. Codding, of the Second district, represented the county at the State convention, held in Syracuse, and there assisted in electing a delegation to the National' convention pledged to the support of Mr. Seward's candidacy. Mr. Seward led on the first and second ballots, at the convention held in Chicago, May 16, 17, 18, but on the third ballot his Illinois opponent, Abraham Lincoln, who had sprung into prominence two years before through his debate with Stephen A. Douglas, received a large majority of the votes and was declared the nominee of the conven- tion. Hannibal Hamlin, of Maine, was named for the Vice Presidency.
The news of the nomination of Lincoln and Hamlin was
137
THE LINCOLN - HAMLIN CAMPAIGN.
received in Ontario county and elsewhere through the State with feeling of great disappointment, but the nominees were recognized as worthy exponents of the Republican cause and their nomination was ratified in a loyal spirit.
The campaign was opened in Ontario county by a big ratifica- tion meeting held in Bemis hall, Canandaigua, at which General B. F. Bruce and Hon. Elbridge G. Lapham made the speeches, and resolutions were adopted endors- ing the platform and the candi- dates of the Chicago convention. Republican clubs were organized throughout the county, pole rais- ings took place in many places, and a new force in campaign work appeared in the shape of uniform- ed clubs under a name destined to become historic-"Wideawakes." Charles Coy acted as chairman and George N. Williams as secre- tary of a meeting at which the first organization of this kind was formed in Canandaigua, and Ly- man O. Lampman was elected as captain. The Wideawakes made their first appearance in the county STEPHEN A. DOUGLAS. at a meeting held in Canandaigua on August 10, at which Henry W. Taylor and James C. Smith were the speakers. The new organiza- tion numbered one hundred men, were uniformed in black oil cloth capes and caps, and carried torches.
Stephen Arnold Douglas, known as "The Little Giant" in the political struggles pre- ceding the War of the Rebellion, was born at Brandon, Vermont, April 23, 1813; student at the Canandaigua Academy. 1831-33; ad- mitted to the bar in Illinois, 1834; Attorney General of that State, 1835; Member of the Legislature, 1836; Secretary of State of Illi- nois, 1840; Judge of the Supreme Court of that State, 1841-43; Member of Congress, 1844-47; United States Senator from 1847 until his death, Abraham Lincoln being his opponent in 1858; candidate of the Northern Democracy for President of the United States in 1860; died at Chicago, June 3, 1861.
At the Republican State convention held in Syracuse, at which Governor Edwin D. Morgan and Lieutenant Governor Robert Campbell were nominated for reelection, James C. Smith, Esq., of Canandaigua, acted as temporary chairman and made an opening speech that was widely quoted.
138
HISTORY OF ONTARIO COUNTY.
At the Republican county nominating convention, held in Can- andaigua on Thursday, September 27, Hon. Charles J. Folger, of Geneva, acted as chairman and W. S. Clark, of Victor, and Harvey Stone, of Gorham, as secretaries. The ticket nominated was as follows: For county judge, George B. Dusenberre, of Geneva ; for district attorney, William H. Smith, of Canandaigua; for county superintendents of the poor, Simeon R. Wheeler, of East Bloom- field, and Daniel Arnold, of Farmington; for justice of sessions, William Seavey, of Victor ; for coroners, Anson Wheeler, of Geneva, and Daniel P. Webster, of East Bloomfield; for member of Assembly in the First or Eastern district, Perez H. Field, of Seneca, and for member of Assembly in the Second or Western district, Stephen H. Ainsworth, of West Bloomfield; for school commis- sioners, Luther B. Antisdale, of Phelps, and David E. Wilson, of Bristol. The Republican nominee for Congress in the Twenty-sixth district was Hon. Jacob P. Chamberlain, of Seneca Falls.
While there were four Presidential tickets in the field, the contest for local offices was between the Republican ticket as above named and a Democratic ticket made up as follows: For county judge, Jabez H. Metcalf ; for district attorney, Charles W. Gulick ; for superintendents of the poor, George Rice and Edward Heren- deen ; for justice of sessions, Ezra Pierce ; for members of Assembly, Amos Jones and William G. Lapham; for school commissioners, John B. Hosford and Horatio B. Brace. John L. Lewis was the Democratic candidate for Congress in this district, and John G. Clark was the candidate of the Breckenridge faction for the same office.
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