USA > New York > Oneida County > Gazetteer and business directory of Oneida County, N.Y. for 1869 > Part 14
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was buried by his servants and a few neighbors, in a deep forest, which being afterwards crossed by a road, caused his re-interment about a quarter of a mile north of his house. By his will he left his library and one thousand dollars to a young man of literary habits, named Mulligan, whom he had adopted, and the remainder of his property to Wm. North and Benjamin Walker, his aids. Col. Walker gave a Welsh Baptist society a lease of fifty acres of land, five of which was woodland, around the grave of the donor, with no other rent than the obligation to keep this woodland fenced so as to prevent the range of animals in it. These conditions have been carefully observed. The following anecdote is related of the Bar-
on: While on a visit to New York, some of his friends rather jeered at his attempting to settle the mountains at the head of the Mohawk. He declared it was the best land in the world and he could prove it. Said he, "There is Capt. Simeon Woodruff, who had sailed around the world with Captain Cook, and he has bought a farm on my patent and settled on it, and if in all his voyage a better location had been found, he would not have done so." The argument was conclusive, of course.
Rev. J. Taylor, in his journal in 1802, says of Steuben : "This Patent is on the height of land between ye Mohawk and the Black River. Standing on a hill near the center of the town, we have an extensive prospect on three sides; to the south-west, about 35 miles, we see Oneida Lake, south we see ye settlements of New Hartford and Clinton. It is said that upon ye tops of ye trees, On- tario is in sight." He says a considerable part of the land is leased for an annual rent of ten dollars for 100 acres, but most of the leases are perpetual. About one-third of the people are Welsh, who are indu-trious and prudent beyond all example. "I am now at ye house of the first settler who came into the town, Esq. Siser's. Here I find the grave of the once active and enterprising Steuben. He lies in a swamp, under a hemlock, with a bier standing over the grave, and a few rough boards nailed to some trees to keep ye cat- tle off. Alas ! what is man, that the great Steuben should be suf- fered to lie in such a place, and without a decent Monument." The house of the Baron, a few rods from the swamp, is described as fae- ing the south, and consisting of two log houses, one at the end of the other, containing in all three rooms.
The population in 1865 was 1,416, and the area 25,783 acres.
There are thirteen school districts in the town, employing eigh- teen teachers. The whole number of children of school age is 421 ; average attendance, 146; amount expended for school purposes during the year ending September 30, Ists, $2,048.54.
TRENTON was formed from Schuyler (Herkimer Co.), March 24, 1799. It lies upon the west bank of West Canada
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Creek, near the center of the east border of the County. The sur- face rises from the Creek from 400 to 600 feet, and from the sum- mits it spreads out into an upland, broken by ridges of dritt. Nine Mile Creek flows through the south, and Cincinnati Creek through the north part. The soil is a sandy and clavey loam, well adapted to grazing. The celebrated Trenton Falls, upon West Cazada Creek, are in this town. This place of resort for pleasure seekers was first brought to notice by Rev. John Sherman, who, in 1822. erected the first hotel for visitors at this place. The magni- tude of the falls does not excite so great an interest as the peculiar wildness of the surrounding country. The creek flows through a ra- vine worn in the Trenton limestone to the depth of from seventy to 200 hundred feet. The sides of this ravine are nearly perpendicu- lar, and the water descends in a series of cascades a total depth of about 200 feet in the space of half a mile. The highest fall is forty- eight feet. The Indians called the falls Ka-na-ta-dork, "brown water," and Kuy-a-hora, "slanting water." Mr. W. Perkins has recently fitted up a commodious hotel and boarding house on one of the most delightful sites in the vicinity of the falls.
Trenton (p. v.) was incorporated April 19, 1819. as " Olden- barneveldt," and changed to Trenton, April 26, 1833. Its first name was in honor of a Dutch patriot and statesman, who died upon the scaffold in 1619, aged 82 years. It is situated north of the center of the town and contains four churches, viz., Methodist, Unitarian, Presbyterian and Welsh Congregationalist, and a popu- lation of about 300.
South Trenton, (p. v.) in the south-east part, contains four churches, viz .. one Welsh Methodist, two Baptists (English and Welsh), and Union, and about thirty houses.
Trenton Falls, (p. v.) on West Canada Creek, a short distance below the falls, contains a church, Baptist, and about twenty houses.
Holland Patent, (p. v.) named in honor of Lord Holland, paten- tee of a large tract in this town. is situated in the south-west part of the town, on the Black River & Utica Railroad, and contains six churches, viz., Presbyterian, Baptist, Episcopal, Unitarian. and a Welsh Baptist and Welsh Methodist, and a population of about 400.
Prospect, (p. v.) on West Canada Creek, above the falls, contains four churches, three of which are Welsh, an academy and about 300 inhabitants.
Stittsville, (p. v.) on the line of Marcy, in the south-west corner of the town, is a station .on the Black River & Utica Railroad, and contains a church, a woolen factory, a tannery and about 250 in- habitants.
The "Trenton Union Agricultural Society" has a Fair Ground
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of 20 acres, located on the Utica and Boonville Plank Road, about one and a half miles south-east of Trenton village.
The first settler in this town was Gerrit Boon, agent of the Hol- land Land Company, in 1793. Mr. Boon was an energetic and per- severing man, and well calculated for the position which he held. He came from old Fort Schuyler (Utica) to this town, marking trees on the line selected for the future road. Mr. Boon, either alone or in connection with Herman LeRoy, William Bayard, James McEvers and Paul Busti, purchased and held in trust for the owners in Holland, several large tracts of land in this section, be- sides the immense tract in the western part of the State. The land in this part consisted of 46,057 acres of Oouthoudt's Patent, 6,026 acres of Steuben's Patent, 1,200 acres of Machin's Patent and 23,- 609 acres of Servis's Patent. The last, lying mostly in this town, was granted in 1768, to Peter Servis and twenty-four others, for the benefit of Sir William Johnson. After the death of Sir Wil- liam, his son, Sir John Johnson, and other heirs, sold Servis's Pa- tent to several gentlemen in New York, so that it was not confis- cated with the property of the Johnsons in the Mohawk Valley, but near the close of the last century was conveyed to Boon and others, and by them, in 1801, conveyed directly to the Holland Company. Among the early settlers of this town were Col. Adam G. Mappa, Dr. Vander Kemp, Judge John Storrs, Col. Robert Hicks, Peter Schuyler, John P. Little, Cheney and John Garrett. William Rollo, Col. Thomas Hicks, Edward Hughes and Hugh Thomas. An instance of the energy of the early settlers, as well as their disposition to assist each other, has been handed down to us. A new settler had arrived with his family, but there was no house for his accommodation and nothing in preparation for one. The morning after the arrival all hands turned out to give him a benefit. Some cut logs and took them to the mill for boards, others prepared the frame, and before night the house had been so far completed that the family moved into it.
The first birth in the town was that of Adam Parker, in 1796; the first marriage that of Jacob Joyce and Widow Peck, and the first death that of Mr. Nelson, in 1795. The first town meeting was held April 4, 1797; Adam G. Mappa was chosen Supervisor, and John P. Little, Town Clerk.
The Holland Patent was a grant of 20,000 acres to Henry, Lord Holland, and sold by him to Seth Johnson, Horace Johnson and Andrew Craige. It was surveyed and divided into lots of about 100 acres each, July, 1797. by Moses Wright, of Rome. Soon af- ter the survey, the proprietors, in order to establish a permanent settlement, sold one-quarter of the Patent to Bezaleel Fisk, Pascal C. I. De Angelis, Hezekiah Hulbert and Isaac Hubbard, for the lo- cation of which these four drew shares. In this way a nucleus was
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formed, around which a hardy band of pioneers gathered. They endured many hardships and privations. Bears and wolves were so plenty that it was their custom to take their guns with them when they met for public worship, and on one occasion worship was adjourned to go to the forest and kill a bear. Mrs. Kelsey, the wife of' an early settler, while returning from Whitestown, be- came lost in the woods, and took lodgings in the top of a tree which she climbed to escape the wild beasts. From the first set- tlement the families of Judge Vander Kemp and Col. Mappa were in the habit of meeting together for religious worship. Rev. Mr. Fish, a Presbyterian, was the first preacher who visited the town. The exact time of his arrival is not known, but he was the first pas- tor of the church formed in 1797. Rev. J. Taylor, in his journal in 1802, quoted elsewhere, says of Rev. Mr. Fish: " He is a sensible, judicious man, and appears to be doing great good, and has but a poor reward." He speaks also of visiting a school of fifty children who have a good teacher. " Many of the children have no catechism and their parents are unable, in some instances, to procure the necessary school books. Four families near by are destitute of Bibles and are poor."
The population in 1865 was 3.199, and the area 27,719 acres.
There are fourteen school districts in the town, employing twenty-one teachers. The number of children of school age is 1,000; average attendance, 381 ; amount expended for school pur- poses during the year ending September 30, 1868, $5,010.85.
UTICA was incorporated as a village April 3d, 1798. It was formed as a town, from Whitestown, April 7, 1817, and was incor- porated as a city, February 13, 1832. It lies upon the south bank of the Mohawk, on the east border of the County. The land along the river is low, but rises in gradual slopes to the north-west. The Erie Canal and the New York Central Railroad extend through it. It is the southern terminus of the Utica and Black River Railroad, and the northern terminus of the Utica, Chenango and Susquehanna Valley Railroad, and the Utica, Clinton and Binghamton Railroad. The last is operated by horse-power to New Hartford, thence by steam to Deansville and Oriskany Falls. There are two lines of horse-railroads in the city, one to Whitesboro and the other to New Hartford, and stage lines to all points. It is situated in the midst of one of the best agricultural sections of the State, and has an ex- tensive trade. It contains about thirty churches, eleven banks, the County buildings, and a large number of manufacturing establish- ments of cotton and woolen goods, steam engines, mill stones, mu- sical instruments, telegraphic apparatus, and a great variety of other articles.
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The City Hull is a fine, large brick building, on Genesee street, and contains a large public hall, Common Council room and rooms for several city officers, public library, &c.
The Public Schools are under the management of a Board of Ed- ucation, consisting of six members, two of whom are chosen each year and hold their office three years. The schools are graded and include all departments, from the primary to the academic course. The free academy, for the highest grade, is a fine brick structure on Academy street. There are fifty-seven teachers employed. The whole number of pupils attending school during the year ending September 30, 1868, was 3.836; the average attendance, 2,242, and the amount expended for teachers' wages, the same year, was 823,891.50; contingent expenses, 810,000. The value of school house and titles is 8221,000, and the number of volumes in the district library, 4,500.
The Utica Female Academy was founded in 1837, and for many years occupied a high position among the literary institutions of the State. The building was burned March 27, 1865, since which the school has not been in operation. The Trustees are now en- gaged in the erection of a fine building which will be an ornament to the city, and will possess all the modern improvements neces- sary to make it one of the most substantial and convenient struc- tures in the State, for the purposes to which it is to be devoted. The building is 150 feet in length, sixty in width, and three stories high, besides the basement and attic. The basement is stone and the superstructure briek, with a roof of variegated slate. The whole will cost, when completed. about $75,000.
The city is supplied with water from springs in Graefenberg, by a stock company with a capital of $200,000. The company are building a new reservoir and have laid about six or seven miles of pipe in the city during the last season.
The manufacturing of the city is extensive and various.
The Utica Steam Cotton Mills were erected in 1848; the capital at present is 8345,000. The old mill is 350 feet by seventy, and three stories high. A new mill near the old one is now in process of' erection, 800 feet by seventy, and four stories high besides the attic. Sheetings and shirtings are the products.
The Utica Steam Woolen Mills and The Globe Woolen Mills are large establishments.
The Utica Burr Mill-Stone Manufactory, of Hart & Munson, has been established for more than forty years, and turns out all kinds of mill machinery. pumps, &e.
The Wood & Mann Stein Engine Company is another large es- tablishment for the manufacture of portable and stationary engines, boilers, circular saw mills, &c. The works cover an area of one and a half acres. The buildings are of brick, constructed in the
ONEIDA COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
HOYT & BUTLER'S
CONDRIAL INSURANGE AGMAIL.
NO. 90 GENESEE STREET, UTICA, N.
FIRE, LIFE, MARINE, ACCIDENTAL, STEAM BOILER,
Companies Represented at this Agency. ASSETS JANUARY 1, 1868. NORTH BRITISH & MERCAN- TILE, London, . . $13,000.000
ATLANTIC
New York, .
. .
505.530
MERCANTILE. 66
251,671
METROPOLITAN
. ...
518.410
YONKERS & N. Y.,
. .
66
....
734.365
INTERNATIONAL,.
. . ..
1,059,780
HOWARD, . ...
683,197
COMMERCE,
Albany,
....
1,619.070
PUTNAM
Ilartford,
595.215
465.965
CITY FIRE.
. .
MERCHANTS
418.309
NARRAGANSETT, .. Providence, .... 743.438
WASHINGTON
....
370,652
MERCHANTS,
66
TRAVELERS, (Accidental) Hartford,.
950.000
HARTFORD, (Strum Boiler.)
500.000
MUTUAL BENEFIT, ( Life.) Newark. N. J.
11,290.03> Those decision relatile has trener will do well to apply at this office before insuring or prewing their Policie- elsen livre.
Losses honorably adjusted and promptly paid.
568,873
HOME.
New Haven, . . .
... .
337.631
ONEIDA COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
ORIEL,
Wishes to announce to the public that he has just received a Splendid Assortment of
LADIES' FURS !
Embracing Mink. Fitch. Water Mink. Siberian Squirrel, Concy. &e. Also a large assortment of
CHILDREN'S FURS AND A GREAT VARIETY OF
BUFFALO ROBES ! LINED AND UNLINED. ALSO. Buckskin Gloves and Mittens, All of which the public are invited to call and examine.
FASHIONABLE HATS & GAPS IN GREAT VARIETY
ORIEL, the Hatter.
34 Dominick Street, Under American Hotel, Rome.
HENRY S. MILLER, REAL ESTATE AGENT,
Corner of Genesee and Columbia Streets,
UTICA, N. Y.
REAL ESTATE BOUGHT AND SOLD.
Rents Collected.
All Business left in his
Hands Promptly Attended to.
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most substantial manner. The capital invested is $200,000, and the number of hands employed from 150 to 200. Messrs. E. D. Wood and James F. Mann are now sole proprietors.
The Utica Steam Gauge Company employ fifteen or twenty hands, and manufacture an improved kind of steam gauge.
There are two dailies, one semi-weekly and seven weekly news- papers published in the city, besides two advertising sheets, which are published monthly .. Two of the weeklies are in the Welsh language and the semi-weekly is published in the German language. The American Journal of Insanity, published quarterly, is edited by the officers of the Lunatic Asylum. There are also several large job printing establishments besides those from which the newspapers are issued.
The New York State Lunatic Asylum is located upon a large lot on an eminence near the west line of the city. It receives in- sane persons subject to County charge, where there is a reasonable prospect of relief, and such others as its accommodations will ad- mit. In 1830, Governor Throop recommended to the Legislature the establishment of an institution for the insane poor. Commit- tees were appointed for several successive years, who reported fa- vorably, but nothing further was accomplished until 1836, when an act was passed for the establishment of the New York State Lu- matic Asylum, and three commissioners were appointed to purchase a site at an expense not exceeding $10,000. Three commissioners were also appointed to contract for the erection of the Asylum, and an appropriation of 850,000 was made for that purpose. In the summer of 1837, the present site of the Asylum was purchased, in- cluding a farm of about 130 acres, for $16.300, of which the State paid $10,000, and the citizens of Utica 86.300. William Clarke, of Utica, F. E. Spinner, of Herkimer, and Elam Lynds, were appoint- ed commissioners to superintend the erection of the necessary buildings. The original plan consisted of four buildings. each 550 feet long, to be located at right angles, facing outward, to be con- nected at the corners by verandahs, the whole including an octago- nal space of about thirteen acres. The main building was erected and the foundation of the others laid, when the original plan was somewhat modified. The appropriations made and expended pre- vious to January, 1842, amounted to $255,000. April 7, 1842, an act was passed putting the institution in charge of nine managers, and an appropriation of 826,000 was made for purchasing furniture, fixtures, stock, books, &c., and inclosing the ground. The mana- gers organized as a board in April, 1842, and in September follow- ing, appointed Dr. Amariah Brigham, Superintendent. On the 16th of January, 1543, the Asylum was opened for the reception of patients, and during the year, 276 were admitted On the sth of Sant., 1919, Dr. Brigham was removed by death, and Dr. N. D. H
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Benedict was appointed his successor. The building was partially destroyed by a fire set by one of the inmates July 14, 1857. The walls remained standing, and the premises were refitted withont in- terruption of operations, and with improvements far exceeding in safety and convenience those that were destroyed. The buildings are well supplied with water and gas, and have ample facilities for extinguishing fires, including steam force pump, ample reservoirs of water and pipes for filling the upper rooms with steam. The Asylum has shops and gardens for the employment of such as pre- fer it, and various amusements for occupying the minds of those who have a taste for them.
The following table shows the statistics of the Asylum from its opening, January 16th, 1843, to December 1st, 1867 :
Total number of admissions . 8,330.
Total number of discharges. 7,777.
Total number of discharged, recovered .3,256.
Total number of discharged, improved .. 1.237.
Total number of discharged, unimproved .2,178.
Died 1,016.
Not insane. 87.
The following are the statistics for the year ending November 30th, 1867:
Number in the Asylum. December 1, 1866. 641.
Number received during the year 401.
The whole number under treatment 1.042.
Number discharged, recovered 159.
Number discharged, improved .. 58.
Number discharged, unimproved 164.
Number not insane
7.
Died
51.
Number present November 30, 1867. 603.
The products of the farm and garden, during the year, amounted in value to $16,467.78. The stock upon the farm consists of wight horses, one pony, three yoke of oxen, one bull, two yearlings, four calves, thirty-one cows and one hundred and fifteen hogs.
The present officers of the Asylum are: John P. Gray, Superin- tendent and Physician : A. O. Kellogg, M. D., First Assistant Physician ; Judson B. Andrews, M. D., Second Assistant Physi- cian ; Walter Kempster, M. D., Third Assistant Physician ; Ho- ratio N. Dryer, Steward : Emma Barker, Matron.
The site of the city of Utica is included in a grant made to Wil- liam Cosby and others in 1734. and commonly called "Cosby's Manor." The Indian name of the site was Ya-nun-da-da-sis, which means "around the hill." In 1755 Fort Schuyler was ereeted upon the south bank of the Mohawk and named in honor of Col. Peter
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Schuyler, an uncie of Gen. Philip Schuyler of the Revolution. It was a stockaded work and stood between Main and Mohawk streets, below Second street. This fort was designed to guard the ford- ing place in the Mohawk, and to form one of the chain of posts between Fort Stanwix and Schenectady. By the taking of Ticon- deroga, Crown Point, Niagara and Quebec, the "old French war" was brought to a close, and Fort Schuyler soon became useless. Settlements commenced soon after the Revolution, and in 1787, "there were three log huts or shanties, near the old Fort." Uriah Alverson came to this place in 1788, and leased a portion of Jot 98 of General Schuyler. At this time Philip Morey and his sons, Solomon, Richard and Sylvanus, from Rhode Island, were living as squatters on lot 97, and Francis Foster was at the same time liv- ing on lot 96. Other early settlers were Stephen Potter, Joseph Ballou, Jason Parker, John Cunningham, Jacob Chrestman and Matthew Hubbell. This was not a very inviting place for settlers as most of the land now built upon was an almost impassable swamp. and the most that was anticipated was to make the place a landing upon the Mohawk. The business men established them- selves close to the river, and those who did not live in the same buildings as their shops, had their residences along on Main and Whitesboro streets. The old Indian path from the site of Utica to Oneida Castle, here intersected the road from Albany to the Portage from the Mohawk to Wood Creek, and made it a convenient place for a trading house for the Indian trade.
John Post, the first merchant of Utica, was engaged for some years previous to 1790 with Mr. Martin of Schenectady, in trading with the Indians. Ginseng formed an important article of trade and large quantities were purchased and exported to China, as a supposed remedy for the Plague. Mr. Post was a native of Schen- ectady, served his country faithfully during the Revolution, was at the taking of Burgoyne, in Sullivan's expedition, at the battle of Monmouth, and at the surrender of Cornwallis. In the spring of 1790, he removed to Fort Schuyler, upon Cosby's Manor. His family, consisting of a wife and three small children, together with his furniture, provisions, building materials, and a stock of mer- chandise, were shipped on boats at Schenectady, and in eight days were landed at their new home. Mr. Post carried on an extensive trade with the Indians, and with the settlers of the surrounding country. Ile purchased of the Indians, furs, skins and ginseng, in exchange for rum, paints, cloth, powder, shot, beads and other orna- ments. Mr. Post also kept the first tavern in the town. Travel- ers in those days were obliged to wait upon themselves and take vare of their teams, and if they ventured to ask to be served in any- thing, the independent landlord would sometimes reply, "Who was your waiter last year ? " Mr. Post erected several warehouses and
1
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owned several boats, which ran between this place and Schenecta- dy, transporting merchandise and families removing to the new country. Subsequently he fitted up three " stage boats" with oil- cloth covers, seats and other conveniences for the accommodation of travelers. He was also the first post-master in the place.
At an early day, Moses Bagg, opened a tavern on the site of "Bagg's Hotel," which was widely known and extensively patron- ized. John House kept a tavern for some time at the corner of Genesce and Main streets. Peter Smith, the father of Hon. Gerrit Smith, was an early settler; he had a small log store near the river, east of Genesee street. He was extensively engaged in the Indian trade. In 1793, he erected a building for the manufacture of pot- ash, and afterwards erected a dwelling in which he resided for some time. In 1794, J. S. Kipp purchased a lot and built a small los house near the east end of Main street; he also established a land- ing myon the river nearly in front of his house, and endeavored to draw the commerce of the river to that part of the town. Mr. Kipp was one of the most prominent men of the place, was sheriff of the County for several years, and held other important posts. In 1991, Thomas and Augustus Carey purchased 200 acres of lot 95. and afterwards sold out to Boon & Lincklaen, agents for the Holland Land Company. This land was known to the early settlers as the " TIotel Lot," from the fact that the Holland Company erected upon it the first brick house in the place, a large hotel, known as the " York House." In 1794, Dr. Carrington resided in the place, and in 1800. kent a more for the sale of drugs, paints, dyestuffs and books. March 2 -. 1797. a law was passed authorizing the raising of $45,- 000 bs lotteries, to be expended in improving the roads in this State. $2.200 of which were appropriated to the improvement of the "Genesee Road," between "old Fort Schuyler" and Geneva, and $400 were to be paid to John Post, Nathan Smith and Isaac Bravo n. for erecting a bridge over the Mohawk at old Fort Schuy- ler. The erection of this bridge and the construction of the Seneca turnpike put new life into Utica, and from this time its business and population rapidly increased. In 1804 an act was passed granting to Jason Parker and Levi Stephens the exclusive right to "the state was ns from Ctica to Canandaigua, for seven years from the first : f June, 1804. The fare was five cents a mile, and two trips were to be made each week. Only seven persons could be tak si in any stage at once without the consent of those aboard, and if there were four more than a stage load, they were entitled to an extra. The time for the trip was forty-eight hours. The first mail to this place was conveyed by Simeon Pool, in 1793, under an ar- rangement with the post office department, authorizing the transpor tablop of the mail from Canajoharie to Whitestown. the inhabitants along the route paying the expense. This contract soon passed in-
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