USA > New York > Washington County > Gazetteer of the county of Washington, N. Y. : comprising a correct statistical and miscellaneous history of the county and several towns from their organization to the present time > Part 9
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Ministers of the same views (Dr. Robert Annan and his brother, David Smith, Dr. Mason Proudfit and others of the same theological opinions and ecclesiastical connection, )were the supplies, preaching to this people from time to time from 1755. The Glebe Lot had been conditionally granted to the Church ; a house of worship was erect- ed partly and covered before the Revolution, but not finished until after the war. This Church approved of the union of the Associate (Burgher and Antiburgher ) and Reformed Churches represented at Pequa, Pa., 1782, from which some parts of the Associate (Antibur- gher) and Reformed ( Covenanter) Churches dissented and became a residuum of the Associate Presbytery of the Reformed Church. The Act of Incorporation was dated 1784. The Trustees men- tioned in the Act of Incorporation, to whom the Glebe Lot was deeded for the sole use of said Church, by one of the original Pa- tentees, Mr. Smith, were John Younglove, Edmund Wells, Phineas Whiteside, James Ashton. John Morrison, John McClung, John Welch, Isaiah Dewey, and Josiah Wells.
Mr. Whiteside had been ordained an Elder in his own country, and was here elected to the exercise of his office. Joseph Wells, James Ashton, Fortunatus Sherman, and Archibald Robertson were elected his associates in the Eldership. In 1790 Rev. John Dunlap, a member of the Associate Reformed Presbytery of N. Y., was called to be pastor, and was ordained and installed on the 22d of June, 1791. Oct. 22, 1816, Mr. Dunlap resigned his pastoral charge. In 1820 Rev. D. C. McLaren was ordained and installed to the pas- toral office. He was subsequently called to the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Congregation of Caledonia, where he still remains. Rev. William Howden was installed pastor of this Church in 1829, and at his own request was released from his pastoral charge in 1834. In 1835 Rev. Peter Gordon (now of Thompsonville, Conn., ) was called to be pastor of this Church, and was released from his charge in 1840. In 1842 Rev. T. C. McLaury became pastor of the Congregation. In 1846 the Congregation erected a new house of
112
TOWN OF WHITE CREEK.
worship a short distance north of the old Church, on the White Creek side of Cambridge Village; which, together with the fixtures, cost about $4000.
At the formation of the Associate Church, under Dr. Beveridge, on the west side, and again at the formation of the General Assem- bly Church on the cast side, large numbers were drawn off, and be- sides, many were constantly emigrating west. This Church; how- ever, has usually been favored with a good degree of prosperity.
The present number of communicants is 74. The Bible Class of young people and the Sabbath School Scholars number over 60.
METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH AT WHITE CREEK.
This Society was organized in 1831, and circuit preaching estab- lished at that time, which has been continued statedly ever since.
The preachers in charge who have labored in this Church since its organization are the following :- John M. Weaver, Wright Ha- zen, Henry Burton, Henry Smith, E. B. Hubbard, A. A. Farr, Lo- renzo Sherwood, William Henry, C. Barber, A. Jones, John Seage, who is the present preacher.
They have no house of worship of their own at this place, but occupy the Society house erected in 1795 or :96, and which has been occasionally used by all the different denominations, but mostly by the Baptists und Methodists.
PUMPKIN HOOK.
At Pumpkin Hook, as it is called, two miles east of North White Creek, there is a Chair Factory by John Warren, and a Machine Shop by Leonard Darby. This place was formerly an important part of the town. It then contained a Tavern, Grist Mill, and a Woolen Factory. Town Meetings were occasionally held here. Latterly it has become extinct as a business place.
NORTH WHITE CREEK LODGE, NO. 266, I. O. O. F.,
Was instituted Jan. 29, 1848. The first officers were, Wm. W. Brockway, N. G .; J. S. Crocker, V. G .; E. McLean, Sec .; B. F. McNitt, Treas. Present officers :- Wm. S. Warner, N. G. ; R. K. Crocker, V.G. ; A. S. Noble, Sec. ; Allen Williams, Treas. P. G's :- J. S. Crocker, B. F. McNitt, E. McLean. Representatives to Grand Lodge :- B. F. McNitt, J. S. Crocker. Number of Members :- 110. Meetings are held Saturday evenings.
NOTE .- For want of room we are compelled to defer the publication of a history of the Society of Friends in this town. It shall appear in our next No.
WASHINGTON COUNTY.
( Continued from Page 70.)
The Englishman had taken his resolution; he signed the paper, which had this superscription; Convention between lieutenant general Burgoyne and major-general Gates. The principal articles, exclusive of those which related to the provision and accommodation of the army in its way to Boston, and during its stay at that were :
That the army should march out of the camp with all the honors of war, and its camp artillery, to a fixed place, where they were to de- posit their arms and leave the artillery ; to be allowed a free em- barkation and passage to Europe, from Boston, upon condition of their not serving again in America, during the present war ; the army not to be separated, particularly the men from the officers ; roll call- ing and other duties of regularity, to be permitted; the officers to be admitted on parole, and to wear their side arms ; all private proper- ty to be retained, and the public delivered upon honor ; no baggage to be searched or molested ; all persons, of whatever country, apper- taining to, or following the camp, to be fully comprehended in the terms of the capitulation, and the Canadians to be returned to their own country, liable to its conditions.
Assuredly, these conditions were very honorable for the British army, considering its ruined state and irretrievable circumstances ; but it obtained still more from the magnanimity of General Gates. From tenderness towards the feelings of the vanquished. he ordered his army to retire within their lines, that they might not witness the shame of the English, when they piled their arms.
This conduct demonstrated not only the humanity but the clem- ency and elevation of character which dstinguished the American General ; for he was already informed of the horrible ravages re- A
114
WASHINGTON COUNTY.
cently committed, by General Vaughan, upon the right bank of the Hudson, where, imitating the usages of barbarians, he had laid in ashes, and utterly destroyed the fine village of Æsopus. It is our duty not to pass withcut mention, that while Gates, in the whole course of this campaign upon the Hudson, displayed all the talents which constitute an able and valient General, he proved himself not to want any of those qualities which characterize a benevolent and generous heart. Humane towards all whom the fortune of war had thrown into his hands, he was eminently attentive to those who were sick, and suffered them to want for no succor within his power to administer.
The day of the capitulation, the American army amounted to near fifteen thousand men, of whom about ten thousand were regu- lar troops; the English army to five thousand seven hundred and ninety-one, of whom two thousand four hundred and twelve were Germans, and three thousand three hundred and seventy-nine English.
The Americans acquired a fine train of brass artillery, amounting to forty-two pieces of different sorts and sizes, four thousand six hundred muskets, an immense quantity of cartridges, bombs, balls, and other implements of war.
Such was the fate of the English expedition upon the banks of the Hudson. It had been undertaken with singular confidence of success, but the obstacles proved so formidable that those who had expected from it such brilliant results, were themselves its victims : and those it had alarmed at first, derived from it the most important advantages. There can be no doubt that, if it was planned with ability, as to us it appears to have been, it was conducted with im- prudence by those who were intrusted with its execution. For it is to be remarked, that its success depended entirely on the com- bined efforts of the Generals who commanded upon the lakes, and of those who had the management of the war in the State of New York. But far from moving in concert, when one advanced, the other retired. When Carleton had obtained the command of the jakes, Howe, instead of ascending the Hudson, towards Albany, carried his arms into New Jersey, and advanced upon the Delaware.
115
WASHINGTON COUNTY.
When, afterwards, Burgoyne entered Ticonderoga in triumph, Howe embarked upon the expedition against Philadelphia ; and thus the army of Canada was deprived of the assistance it expected from New York.
Perhaps Howe imaginod that the reduction of such a city as Phil- adelphia, would so confound the Americans, and so derange their plans, that they would either immediately submit, or make but a feeble resistance. Perhaps, also, he believed, that by attacking the center, and as it were, the very heart of the confederation, he effected the most useful diversion in favor of the army of the north, thereby depriving the Americans of the ability to oppose it with a sufficient force upon the Hudson. "Finally, it is not impossible, that, listening to his ambition, he had flattered himself that with his own means alone he could acquire the exclusive glory of having put an end to the war. But whatever might have been the importance of the acquisition of Philadelphia, every one must readily perceive how much greater was that of the junction at Albany, of the two armies of Canada and New York. It was very doubtful whether the conquest of a single city could decide the issue of the war ; whereas the juncture of the armies, offered almost an assurance of it. It should also be considered that the Americans, in order to prevent this junction, would have risked a pitched battle, the suc- cess of which could scarcely be doubtful, and which could have formed no obstacle to the eventual union. Besides, when two ar- mies have the same object in view, is it not evident that they can operate with more concert and effect, when they are near to each other, then while remotely separated ? We may therefore consider this expedition as having been wisely calculated in its design, and even in the means of execution, if we except that scourge of the savages, which must be imputed to the British ministers. Bating this fault, they did not, in our opinion, deserve the reproaches with which they were loaded, as well in parliament as by the writers of the opposite party. Perhaps also they erred in this, that having too great confidence in the reputation, rank, and military experience of Sir William Howe, they neglected to send him more precise instruc. tions. For it appears from the best information we have found up- on this subject, that the orders given to that General in regard to
116
WASHINGTON COUNTY.
his co-operation with the army of Canada, were rather discreitonary than absolute ; but all the ruin of the enterprise is clearly attribu- table to this want of co-operation. Gates, after the victory, imme - diately dispatched Colonel Wilkinson to carry tbe happy tidings to Congress. On being introduced into the hall, he said : "The whole British army has laid down arms at Saratoga ; our own, full of vigor and courage, expect your orders ; it is for your wisdom to decide where the country may still have need of their services." The Congress voted thanks to General Gates and his army. They de- creed that he should be presented with a medal of gold, to be struck expressly in commemoration of so glorious a victory. On one side of it was the bust of the General, with these words around ; Hora- tio Gutes, Duci strenuo ; and in the middle, Comitia Americana. On the reverse, Burgoyne was represented in the attitude of deliveirng his sword ; and in the back ground, on the one side and on the other, were seen the two armies of England and of America. At the top were these words : Salum regionum septentrion ; and at the fcet, Hosle ad Saratogam in dcditione accepto. Die XVII Oct. MDCCLXXVII. It would be difficult to describe the transports of joy which the news of this event excited among the Americans. They began to flatter themselves with a still more happy future; no one any longer entertained a doubt of independence. All hoped, and not without much reason, that a success of this importance would at length determine France, and the other European powers that waited for her example, to declare themselves in favor of Ame- rica. There could no longer be any question respecting the future; all danger had ceased of espousing the cause of a people too feeble to defend themselves.
Bla Creek
Creek
Salemo
White
FAch's Point
Vermont
East Salem O
Shushan :o
Batten Kill
MAP OF SALEM.
Line
SALEM.
THIS Town is bounded on the North by Hebron, East by Ver- mont, South by Batten Kill, and West by Batten Kill, Greenwich, and Argyle. It was originally settled by a few families from New England, who were soon afterwards joined by a considerable num- ber of emigrants who came to this country with Rev. Dr. Clark. The Town was organized on the 14th of February, 1787, and the first Town Meeting was held on the first Tuesday of the following April. In 1845 the population was 2588-Males, 1296; females, 1292. The number of unmarried females between the ages of 16 and 45 years was 309.
The Town of Salem contains 31,500 acres of land, 23,767 acres of which are under a good state of cultivation. The soil is very productive, and is mostly occupied by highly enterprizing and intel- ligent Farmers. In 1845, 117 bushels of Barley were raised in the Town, 1308 bushels of Peas, 270 bushels of Beans, 1321 bushels of Buckwheat, 168 bushels of Turnips, 78,765 bushels of Potatoes, 3272 bushels of Wheat, 38,911 bushels of Corn, 12,163 bushels of Rye, 52,613 bushels of Oats, and 2959 pounds of Flax. Salem pro- duces more wool than any other Town in the County, except White Creek. The number of Sheep owned there in 1845 was 25,422.
Two streams, known as White Creek and Black Creek, pass through the Town and form a junction near Fitch's Point; but they do not furnish water enough for very extensive milling purposes. The former has its source in Vermont, and the latter is fed princi- pally by small brooks rising in Hebron and Granville. After form-
118
TOWN OF SALEM.
ing the junction as before stated, their waters empty into Batten Kill a short distance above East Greenwich.
We annex a list of the principal Town Officers from its organiza- tion to the present time :
SUPERVISORS.
John Rowan,
1787 John Williams,
1815
Adam Martin, Assistant,
do Philo Curtis,
1816
John Rowan,
1788
do do
1817
James Tomb,
1789
John Crary,
1818
Hamilton McAllister,
1790
do do
1819
John Williams,
1791
do
do
1820
to 1795 inclusive.
James Harvey,
1821
Alexander T. Turner,
1796
do do
1822
David Thomas,
1797
John McMurray,
1823
do do
1798
to 1833 inclusive.
do
1799
Bernard Blair,
1834
John Williams,
1800
do do
1835
Edward Savage,
1801
James B. Stevenson,
1836
Not recorded,
1802
Aaron Martin, jr.,
1837
Edward Savage,
1803
do do
1838
Abner Stone,
1804
James B. Stevenson,
1839
John Savage,
1805
Stephen Ransom,
1840
do do
1806
John McMurray,
1841
Andrew Lytle,
1807
Alexander Robertson,
1842
John Gray,
1808
Marvin Freeman,
1843
do do
1809
William McKie,
1844
David Woods,
1810
John McNaughton,
1845
do do
1811
do
do
1846
Alexander McNish,
1812
do do
1847
John Savage,
1813
Jarvis Martin,
1848
John Williams,
1814
do do
1849
TOWN CLERKS.
James Tomb,
1787 James Tomb,
1804
to 1801 inclusive.
do do
1805
Not recorded,
1802
James Hawley,
1806
James Tomb,
1803 James Tomb,
1807
119
TOWN OF SALEM.
Alexander Simpson, jr.,
1808
Henry Mathews, 1826
David Mathews, jr.,
1809
to 1832 inclusive.
do
do
1810
John W. Proudfit, 1833
do
do
1811
Alonzo Gray, 1834
Henry Mathews,
1$12
to 1839 inclusive.
do do
1813
James A. McFarland, 1840
James McNish,
1814
do do
1841
do do
1815
John W. Martin,
1842
Henry Mathews,
1816
William B. Harkness, 1843
James McNish,
1817
do , do
1844
Joseph Hawley,
1818
do
do
1845
Joseph Hawley,
1819
William R. Austin,
1846
James McNish,
1820
James A. McFarland, 1847
to 1825 inclusive.
William R. Austin, 1848
do do
1849
JUSTICES OF THE PEACE.
Henry Mathews,
1889
Aaron Martin, jr.,
1837
John W. Proudfit;
1829
Philo Curtis,
1837
Aaron Martin, jr.,
1829
James A. McFarland, 1838
Warren Norton,
1829
Philo Curtis,
1839
John W. Proudfit,
1830
Anthony C. Saunders,
1840
Warren Norton,
1831
Aaron Martin, jr.,
1841
William K. Adams,
1831
James A. McFarland,
1842
Warren Norton,
1832
William A. Russell,
1843
Aaron Martin, jr.,
1833
Alexander B. Law,
1844
Cyrus Stevens,
1834
Aaron Martin,
1845
Andrew Martin,
1834
James A. McFarland,
1846
Jesse L. Billings,
1835
William A. Russell,
1847
Andrew Martin,
1836
Alexander B. Law,
1848
James A. McFarland,
1836
Aaron Martin,
1849
SALEM VILLAGE.
The village of Salem was incorporated by a special Act of the Legislature passed April 4, 1803. Distance from Union Village, 12 miles ; from Granville, 15 ; from Cambridge, 12, and from Rupert, Vt., 6. The population is estimated at 700.
The village was organized under the charter on the first Monday of May, 1803, and the first Board of Trustees consisted of James
120
TOWN OF SALEM.
Harvey, Anthony I. Blanchard. John Russell, Robert Pennell and Moses S. Curtis, all of whom have since deceased, except the Hon. Anthony I. Blanchard, who still resides in Salem. He was then a distinguished lawyer, and engaged in an extensive business. He was subsequently First Judge of the County, in which office he continued till his retirement fromactive life. He is still in the full possession of his mental faculties, though somewhat worn in body.
The Presidents of the village have been James Harvey, Gen. John Williams, Anthony I. Blanchard, John Gray, Hon. David Woods, James Nicholls, Joseph Hawley, Hon. John Willard, Cor- nelius L. Allen, John Williams, jr., Hon. John Crary, Henry Mathews, Alexander Robertson, Abner Austin, Josephus Fitch, Oliver Whitcomb and James W. Peters; and the Clerks, Jared Bostwich, Philo Curtis, Cyrus Stevens, James Gibson and S. B. Shipley.
One of the County Court Houses is located in this Village. It has, besides, an Academy which in former years sus- tained a high reputation throughout the State, and three Churches which are probably in as prosperous a condition as any in the County. This was once one of most thriving Villages in this sec- tion of the State ; but latterly, owing partly to a lack of water privileges, and partly to an absence of the right kind of enterprise, it has not been known as a very flourishing business place. It is hoped that some of the obviously unnecessary causes which have retarded its growth, may ere long be removed.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
HOTELS.
William Gile,
GROCERS. George W: Gantz,
John Howe,
Joseph Smalley,
MERCHANTS.
Peter Naylor,
Duncan McCall.
King & Guild,
Abner C. Robertson,
Marvin Freeman, Atwood & Cleveland.
BOOT AND SHOE STORE.
BLACKSMITHS. David Rider, N Eugene Cronin, Robert Cunningham.
John Stewart.
121
TOWN OF SALEM.
HAT, CAP AND FUR STORE.
LAWYERS.
Murray McFarland.
C. L. Allen,
SADDLE AND HARNESS MAKERS.
James Gibson.
Alexander Robertson,
A. L. MeDougall,
Benjamin F. Robinson.
Charles Crary,
Wm. R. Austin.
John H. McFarland.
SHOE MAKE IS.
PAINTERS AND PAPER HANGERS.
John Liddle,
W. W. Hill,
Oliver Whitcomb,
Samuel Murdock.
Nathan C. Bailey,
CARPENTERS.
John Munroe,
James W. Peters,
Thomas Bruce.
David T. Archibald.
MACHINIST.
MASON.
Samuel Lord.
Rufus Fox.
PHYSICIANS.
George Allen,
Charles Perry,
BARBER.
A. McAllister.
Peter Naylor.
WAGON MAKER.
COOPER.
Francis McMillan.
- Gilchrist.
MILLER.
MILLINERS.
T. W. Whitcomb.
TAILORS.
Miss Atwood.
Abner Austin & Son.
STOVE AND TIN WARE HOUSE. William H. Reab.
CLOTHING STORE.
Lewis Herrington.
SALEM POST OFFICE.
No distinct record can be found of its existence earlier than 1788, although it is probable it was established several years previous. Alexander J. Turner was the first Post Master, James Hawley the second, William Gray the third, William K. Adams the fourth, Jo- seph Hawley the fifth, Henry Mathews the sixth, Abner Austin the seventh, Alexander M. Proudfit the eighth, John King the ninth, and Dr. George Allen the tenth. Dr. A. is the present incumbent.
SOUTH SALEM.
Salem South Village, as it is called, is a short distance south of R
CABINET MAKERS.
James Blashfield,
David Bowen.
Mrs. McAllister.
122
TOWN OF SALEM.
Salem Village, on the Turnpike, and is becoming a place of consid- era'ble business. A Hotel is kept here by Moon & Russell, a Store by Elijah Hastings, a Carriage and Wagon Shop by Theodore R. Weston, and a Blacksmith Shop by D. McKillip. Physician-O. P. Gilman,
SHUSHAN.
This Village is situated on the Battenkill, about five miles south of Salem Village, and is in a very flourishing condition. It contains two Churches, (one Baptist and one Methodist.) one Store, a Post Office, a Public Hall, two Groceries, and several Mechanics' Shops: The population is estimated at about 300.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
MERCHANTS.
WOOLEN MANUFACTURERS:
Volentine & Lawrence.
· Simpson & Volentine.
GROCERS. CROCKERY-WARE MANUFACTURER. John Harrison.
George W. McLean,
Edward M. Pratt.
BOOT AND SHOE STORE. J. D. Heath.
SHOE MAKER.
Charles Wing.
HARNESS MAKER.
Thomas B. Fisk.
WAGON MAKERS.
William Corse,
Isaac Oviatt. -
CARPENTERS.
Thomas Oviatt,
James A. Stevens, David Cole, Clark Oviatt, Wilson Oviatt,
MILLINER. Miss Anne M. Cooper. DRESS-MAKER. Miss Emeline Odekirk. SAWYERS AND LUMBERMEN. James C. Stevens, Ira Gleason, (Jackson side, ) MASON. James C. Stevens.
BLACKSMITH.
Emri D. Bartlet.
PHYSICIAN.
George G. Burns. LAWYER.
Leonard Church. TAILORS.
John Cooper, Allen Sharpe; (Jackson side.)
123
TOWN OF SALEM.
EAGLEVILLE.
This is a small but thriving Village, located on the Battenkill in the south-eastern part of the town, two miles east from Shushan, and seven miles from Salem Village. It contains a Post Office, Store, Grist Mill, Saw Mill, Woolen Factory, Seive Factory, and several Mechanics' Shops. The population numbers about 70. The Post Office is known as the East Salem P. O., and was estab- lished here in 1848. Isaac Bininger was appointed Post Master. and held the office up to 1850, when George Russell received the appointment. This Post Office was first located at Merriam's Store, about two miles farther up the Kill, east, where was once a place of considerable enterprize ; but it has become extinct as a business place. The P. O. was established there in 1831. Isaac Merriam was the first Post Master, Seth C. billings the second, Daniel Hobart the third, and Edward Law the fourth. It was re- moved to Eagleville in November, 1848.
The Factories at Eagleville are doing quite a large amount of business. The Woolen Mill averages from fifteen to twenty-five thousand yards annually-being principally for customers, many of whom reside in Orleans and other adjacent Counties. The Seive Factory supplies a large number of Seives for the New York and Philadelphia Markets.
A Select School is kept by Henry Barnes about three-fourths of a mile west of this place, on the road to Shushan, and is in a prosper- ous condition. It is attended by about 20 Students, English and Classic. It is in contemplation to enlarge the building so as to render it more commodious.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
WOOLEN MANUFACTURER.
TAILOR.
George Russell.
Alexander McIntosh.
MILLER.
CARPENTERS. John Burtis,
Henry Benson.
SAWYER AND LUMBERMAN.
Aaron West.
John Russell.
William West,
SEIVE AND SAFE MANUFACTURERS. Horace Warner. J. Burtis & II. Watkins.
124
TOWY OF SALEM.
LLACKSMITH.
MASON.
Samuel Pattison.
Morris West.
SHOE MAKER.
WAGON MAKER.
Lysander Skidmore.
Caleb Congdon.
SALEM LODGE, NO. 251, I. O. OF O. F.
This Lodge was instituted in Salem Village Sept. 29, 1846. The first officers were James Gibson. N. G., Clark V. B. Martin, V. G., John R. Lytle, Sec'y, and David T. Archibald, Treas. The prosent officers are Orrin Austin, N. G., John Smart, V. G., Wm. W. Hill, Sec'y, S. Dickinson, Treas., and H. S. Osborn, P. S.
CHARLOTTE DIVISION, NO. 584, S. OF T.
This Division was instituted in Salem Village on the 27th of November, 1849. Its first officers were Charles Crary, W. P., Geo. Montgomery, W. A, H. H. Larkin, R. S., C. Thompson, A. R. S., Murray McFarland, F. S., and John King, T. They are the present officers. The Division is in a prosperous condition.
TOWN SUPERINTENDENTS OF COMMON SCHOOLS.
Asa Fitch,
1844 John R. Lytle, 1846
do do
1845 do do 1847
do do 1848
THE ASSOCIATE REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.
The first pastor of the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church in this town was Rev. Thomas Clark, M. D. He was a native of Scotland, and had graduated in the University of Glasgow, where he took the degree of Doctor of Medicine. From this he obtained the title of Doctor. IIe studied Divinity under Rev. Ebenezer Erskine. During the civil war of 1745 and 1746 he served in the army against the "Pretender." At the close of that war he re- samed his theological studios, and in April, 1748, was licensed to preach by the Associate Burger Presbytery of Glasgow. On the 23d of April, 1751, he was installed by a Committee of that Presbytery over the congregation of Ballibay, Ireland. Here he labored thirteen years, suffering persecution and imprisonment for conscience sake. He refused to toke the oath of abjuration, acknowledging
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