Geographical gazetteer of Jefferson county, N.Y. 1684-1890, Part 17

Author: Child, Hamilton, 1836- [from old catalog] comp; Horton, William H., [from old catalog] ed
Publication date: 1890
Publisher: Syracuse, N.Y., The Syracuse journal company, printers and binders
Number of Pages: 1384


USA > New York > Jefferson County > Geographical gazetteer of Jefferson county, N.Y. 1684-1890 > Part 17


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St. Lawrence Paper Co.


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PATRIOT WAR-WAR FOR THE UNION.


concessions on the impressment question from her were at length abandoned. George III., who was still on the throne, had become insane, and the men who managed affairs were as short-sighted as his advisers had been 40 years before, whose folly had provoked the Revolution. Longer submission to England's arrogant and tyranical treatment was deemed unworthy of a free nation, and war was therefore formally declared June 18, 1812.


Jefferson County early became the theater of active military and naval operations. Sackets Harbor was then the most important point on Lake Ontario. It was made the headquarters of the northern division of the American fleet, and here were fitted out numerous important expeditions against the British in Canada. The main incidents of this war, as connected with this territory, are generally given in the " Gazetteer of Towns," follow- ing the County Chapter. It was the intention of the publisher of this work to give a detailed account, under this heading, of all the military and naval operations originating and transpiring on the frontier of Jefferson County ; but the materials at hand, and not previously published, regarding other matters of importance, have taken so much space that we deem it advisable to curtail this subject here, and refer the reader, for a full account, to Hough's History of Jefferson County, published in 1854, and also to Everts's History of 1878.


PATRIOT WAR.


Many of the exciting incidents of the Patriot War, 1837-40, are also given in the "Gazetteer of Towns." For the reasons mentioned above we will omit further mention of the subject here, and respectfully refer the reader to the histories previously named, in which will be found detailed and interest- ing accounts of this foolish and abortive attempt to revolutionize the Canadas.


WAR FOR THE UNION.


For nearly half a century after the War of 1812 the angel Peace gave her sweetest smiles to the industrious and patriotic inhabitants of the Empire state. No affairs of the nation called them from their peaceful avocations, and nothing disturbed the tranquil serenity of their busy lives. The sun rose each day and smiled on a happy, prosperous, and contented people ; but alas ! on the morning of April 21, 1861, it awakened no answering smile in their hearts, which were touched with the fire of patriotism and burned with martial ardor. The dreams of peace were forgotten ; naught was remem- bered but the insulted flag,-the flag purchased by the blood of their fathers, -to which they owed their liberties, homes, and the plenty that surrounded them.


Side by side with her sister states New York endured the weary marches and bore the brunt of battles, and side by side their sons sleep the long


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JEFFERSON COUNTY.


sleep-some 'neath the sun-kissed plains of the willful South, and some rocked in the bosom of the broad Atlantic, "held in the hollow of His hand." Others have been borne to rest among their kindred by sympathizing friends, who, year by year, to muffled drum-beat, wend their way to their consecrated tombs to deck their graves with beautiful spring flowers-a national tribute to the gallant dead. Jefferson County gave liberally of her treasure, and quite 5,000 of her sons went forth to battle for the preservation of the na- tion's unity, and to free our country from the curse of slavery, so long a foul blot upon her fair fame. From the beginning of the war until the close of 1864 the county had paid, according to the report of the Bureau for 1865, bounties to the amount of $333,475.16.


Following is a brief account of the regiments in which residents of Jeffer- son County served, taken from Everts's History of Jefferson County. In part II. of this work, in the general directory, will be found the individual record of many of the soldiers of the war now living in the county. Space will not permit of a complete and separate roster of all :---


TWENTY-FOURTH INFANTRY.


"Company K of this regiment was organized at Ellisburgh, by Andrew J. Barney, who became its captain. The regiment was organized and numbered by the State Military Board, May 16, 1861, and on July 2 it was mustered into the service of the United States, leaving Elmira the same day, fully armed and equipped. and proceeding via Harrisburg and Balti- more to Washington, where it arrived July 3, and camped on Meridian Hill till July 21, at which date it received long Enfield rifled muskets in exchange for the percussion muskets with which it had left New York state. During the winter of 1861-62 the regiment was en- camped on Upton's Hill. After being brigaded differently several times it was, in March, 1862, assigned to the 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 1st Corps, and in September, 1862, the brigade was known as the ' Iron Brigade,' commanded by General Hatch and Colonel Sullivan. Col. Phelps, of the 22d Regiment, took command of the brigade September 14, and continued in that position until its dissolution by reason of the expiration of the terms of service of the 22d, 24th, and 30th regiments.


" After various minor engagements a sharp skirmish was had in May. 1862, called the bat- tle of Falmouth. August 10 they left Falmouth for Cedar Mountain (sometimes called Slaugh- ter Mountain), where they stayed four days under artillery fire, the regiment losing one man killed in Company D. On August 28 they were under fire at Groveton, but were not engaged. On the 30th they were sharply engaged at Bull Run for about an hour and 20 minutes, losing several men. Between four and five o'clock on Sunday evening, September 14, 1862, they went into the fight at South Mountain, Md., to which point they had been moved via Washington, Rockville, New Market, and Frederick City. After several times changing posi- tion, and constantly skirmishing, they forded Antietam Creek on the morning of the 16th and moved to the right, abreast of the celebrated cornfield. On the morning of the 17th they became hotly engaged, and lost several men, among them Captain J. D. O'Brien, of Company A, and Ensign John S. McNair. The regiment next participated in General Burnside's unfort- unate Fredericksburg battle, December 13, 1862. In the battle of Chancellorsville they were also engaged, and about the middle of May, succeeding that engagement, were ordered home, and mustered out at Oswego at the expiration of their term of service -- two years."


THIRTY - FIFTH INFANTRY.


" This organization, known as the 'Jefferson County Regiment,' was organized at Elmira, June 3, 1861. The following companies were raised in Jefferson County :-


" Company A, recruited at Watertown; Capt. Stephen L. Potter; accepted May 9; mustered into service at Elmira, July 9, 1861.


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" Company C, Theresa; Capt. George W. Flower; accepted May 15; mustered in at Elmira, July 9.


" Company E, Watertown: Capt. John Lacy; recruiting commenced April 15, and ended June 11; accepted May 9; mustered in at Elmira, July 10.


" Company G, Adams; Capt. Sidney J. Mendal; accepted May 7; mustered in at Elmira, July 10.


" Company I. Redwood: Capt. Edgar B. Spalsbury; accepted May 20; mastered in at Elmira, July 9.


" Company K. Brownville; Capt. Newton B. Lord; accepted May 9; mustered in at Elmira, July 10.


"At a meeting of the State Military Board, held May 24, it was, on motion of Lient .- Gov. Campbell,


"'Resolved, That the companies commanded by the following named captains, viz .: Capts. Lacy, Lord, Potter, Mendell, Angle, Flower, Spalsbury, Todd, Nutting ( Co. D ), and Elwell, be organized into a regiment, to be numbered No. 35, and an election for field officers ordered to be held therein.'


" June 11 the election of William C. Brown as colonel, Stephen L. Potter as lieutenant- colonel, and Newton B. Lord as major, was confirmed, and on the 10th of July the field and staff were mustered into the service of the United States for the term of two years from June 11, 1861. Flags were presented to the companies as follows: Co. A, by citizens of Watertown; Co. E. ditto; Co. K, by citizens of Brownville; and Co. C, by citizens of Theresa. The first regimental flag was obtained by subscription among the officers. Subsequently the regiment was presented with colors by Hon. A. W. Clark.


"July 11, 1861. the 35th left Elmira for the seat of war, arriving at Washington on the 13th, and encamping on Meridian Hill. It was finally brigaded with the 21st, 23d, and 80th (20th militia) N. Y. Vols., the brigade being known as the First Brigade, First Division, First Army Corps.


" The regiment was commanded from June 3 until August 2, 1861, by Col. William C. Brown; from Angust, 1861, to February 10, 1863, by Col. Newton B. Lord; and from February 10 to June 5, 1863, by Col. John G. Todd.


"Soon after the arrival of the regiment in Virginia it furnished details to work under Lient .- Col. Alexander, U. S. engineers, in forming abattis. Col. Alexander placed the work in charge of Col. Lord, and the regiment felled timber from the forests surrounding the camp, and formed abattis several miles in length and 400 feet in width. After this it worked on the lunette forts near the Arlington House, and built one seven-gum lunette fort. The forts upon which the regiment performed most of its labors were afterwards named Forts Tillinghast and Craig. For five and a half months after this the regiment was kept on picket duty, losing in the entire time but one man wounded and none killed. It captured two lieutenants and 23 men, and killed three men.


"In January, 1862, the muskets supplied the regiment by the state were exchanged for Austrian rifles, calibre 54. From March until August the 35th participated in a series of weary marches and occasional skirmishes, and became greatly depleted by disease. At Rappahan- nock Station, August 30, it was a support for Battery L, of the First New York Artillery, which was sharply engaged. At the battle of Warrenton Springs it was exposed to a fire of artillery and sharpshooters. At Gainesville but two companies were engaged, and they as skirmishers, and after the battle the regiment was placed on picket duty. losing five men eapt- nred by the enemy the next morning. At the memorable second Bull Run fight, August 29, 1862, the 35th lost nine men killed and 13 wounded. It was also fired into through mistake by the 23d, with a loss of five killed and eight wounded. On the second day the 35th lay behind a stone wall, near the turnpike, where it lost 72 men in killed and wounded, although it did not fire a gun during the day, the position being upon the ground in front of the artillery. When the retreat commenced it was withdrawn, and reached Centerville about 7 in the evening. During the battle of Chantilly in lay in the rifle pits on the right of the turnpike, and was not under fire. After this battle it marched via Fairfax to Falls Church, arriving on the 3d of September, and camping near its camp of the previous winter. On its arrival at Falls Church it had for its music two drums and one bugle, the regimental band of 24 pieces having been discharged, and the drum corps having lost its drums while attending the


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JEFFERSON COUNTY.


wounded at Bull Run. It was also without knapsacks, coats, or blankets, these having been left at Centerville and destroyed on the retreat.


"At the battle of South Mountain, September 14, the regiment was deployed as skir- mishers, one company being left at the foot of the hill with the colors, while three moved on the left and six on the right of the turnpike, under strong support. The three companies on the left lost, during the day, 19 men in killed and wounded. After the enemy was driven from the hill the regiment was relieved, and reached its colors at the foot about 3 A. M. of the 15th. On the 15th the regiment passed through Turner's Gap, and on the morning of the 16th reached the bank of the Antietam, where it was exposed for an hour to artillery fire, and lost three or four in wounded. During the forenoon it changed position, and in the evening, while moving across an open field to take up its position in a belt of woods, received a fire from a battery of the enemy, losing three men killed and five wounded. On the 17th it was marched, with the 1st Brigade, to the right, across the turnpike and into the woods in the rear of Dun- ker's Church, where . it remained about one hour. It was then formed parallel to the turn- pike, in the rear of a cliff, for the purpose of attacking the flank of a line of the enemy, which had advanced against the 2d and 3d Brigades. Here it lay down behind the fence and ditch of the turnpike, and opened fire on the enemy's line, which had been reformed and reinforced, and kept it up until the line gave way, after which it moved forward its left wing and capt- nred the battle-flag of the 7th Alabama. Just at this time the enemy formed a line on the right and rear, and opened a galling fire, foreing our line to fall back to the cliff, where it re- turned fire. Ammunition was soon exhausted, and the 35th and 23d were marched by the left flank towards the rear of the army. On reaching the hill where the batteries were posted the two regiments were halted and faced abont in the edge of the woods to give General French an opportunity to form his division. The fire from the enemy became intensely severe, and French's division was again thrown into confusion. The two regiments then moved back for cartridges, and on being supplied were placed in support of two batteries, where they remained until the morning of the 18th. In this action the 35th lost 32 killed and 43 wounded.


" On the 19th the regiment went into camp a mile and a half from Sharpsburg, near the bend in the Potomae, where it remained a month, during which time it suffered much for want of clothing and shoes, and from disease occasioned by its occupation of a battle-ground and the vicinity of the mounds of the dead. Half its officers and men were unfit for duty.


" At the battle of Fredericksburg, December 12 and 13, the regiment lost heavily, being exposed for six hours on the 13th to a fire from the enemy's artillery without an opportunity to retaliate. Not a shot was fired by it until subsequent to this on the 13th and during the 14th, when it was placed on picket, losing, on the night of the 15th, six men prisoners. The duty of the 35th after this was comparatively light. The total number of men on the rolls of the regiment was 1.250, of which number 593 were mustered out on the 5th of June, 1863, at Elmira, N. Y. For the first time in four months the regiment assembled on dress parade on the 19th of May previons, and General Patrick shook hands with each man as an earnest of the feeling with which he bade them good-by. The next day they took the ears for Aquia Creek, proceeded thence by transport to Washington, where they were received by Capt. Camp, of Co. K (then on detatched duty as aide-de-camp to General Martindale), with a full band. The regiment reached Elmira May 22. and, as mentioned, was mustered out June 5. It had lost 130 men killed in battle, 70 by deaths from disease, 90 discharged for wounds, and 140 for disability."


NINETY . FOURTH INFANTRY.


"This regiment was organized at Sackets Harbor to serve three years. The companies composing it were raised in the county of Jefferson. It was mustered into the United States service on the 10th of March, 1862, and in March, 1863, was consolidated with the 105th In- fantry. On the expiration of its term of service the original members (except veterans) were mustered ont, and the regiment, composed of veterans and recruits, retained in service until July 18, 1865, when it was mustered out in accordance with the orders from the War Depart- ment. The 94th was actively engaged while in the service, and but little time elapsed between the date of its organization and its first engagement. The regiment participated in the battles of Cedar Mountain, second Bull Run, Chantilly, Chancellorsville, South Mountain, Antietam, Gainesville, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Mine Run, Tolopotomy, Bethesda Church, Peters-


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burg, and Weldon Railroad, besides many skirmishes of more or less importance, and suffered to a considerable extent. The record of this regiment is one of valiant deeds, and its scarred battle-flags and maimed and dead soldiers are covered with the praises awarded by a grateful people to those who have made themselves famous."


ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY SIXTH INFANTRY.


" The 186th Regiment was recruited principally in Jefferson and Lewis counties, and was mustered into serviee September 8, 1864. It went out 980 strong, lost 130 in killed and wounded, 120 by disease and discharge, and returned with 730. It was in the battle of South- side Railroad. October 27. 1864; formed part of Warren's command in his raid to Notta- way, December 10: was in charge of Fort Mahone, in front of Petersburg, April 2, 1865: and finally joined in the pursuit and capture of General Lee. It was among the first to enter the rebel fortifications at Petersburg, and was highly complimented by its brigade and division commanders for the gallantry shown in its charge on Fort Mahone. It was organized at Saekets Harbor for the period of one year, and was mustered out, in accordance with orders from the War Department, June 2. 1865."


ONE HUNDRED AND NINETY-THIRD INFANTRY.


" This regiment was raised at Auburn, N. Y., to serve for one, two, and three years. Jef- ferson County furnished a considerable number of men for it, although it was filled up with men from the counties of Cayuga, Oswego, Onondaga, Oneida, St. Lawrence, and Franklin besides. It was mustered into the service of the United States in the spring of 1865, and mustered out of service January 18, 1866, in accordance with orders from the War Depart- ment."


SIXTH CAVALRY-" SECOND IRA HARRIS GUARD."


"Jefferson County furnished a number of men for this regiment, which was mustered into the service of the United States from September 12 to December 19, 1861. The original members were mustered out on the expiration of their tern of service, and the organization, composed of veterans and recruits, retained in service, and on the 17th of June, 1865, consoli- dated with the 15th N. Y. Vol. Cavalry, the consolidated force being known as the 2d N. Y. Pro- visional Cavalry. Its list of engagements embraces the following: South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg. Spottsylvania. Chancellorsville, Beverley Ford, Middleburg, Upperville, Gettys- burg, Brandy Station, Rappahannock Station, Mine Run, Mechaniesville, Wilderness, Todd's Tavern, Hawe's Shop. Cold Harbor, Deep Bottom, Opequon. Fisher's Hill, Cedar Creek, Ap- pomattox Station, siege of Richmond."


THIRTEENTH CAVALRY.


"This regiment was organized in New York city to serve three years, and a detachment of men from Jefferson County joined it. It was mustered into the United States service from February, 1863, to March, 1864. On the 23d of June, 1865, the regiment was consolidated with the 16th N. Y. Cavalry, and the consolidated foree known as the 3d N. Y. Provisional Cavalry. Its principal engagements were at Aldie, Fairfax Station, Centerville, Culpepper, and Piedmont, and its loss was comparatively slight. The men from Jefferson County be- longed in four companies of the regiment."


EIGHTEENTH CAVALRY.


"This regiment was organized in New York city to serve three years. The companies of which it was composed were raised in the counties of New York, Albany, Jefferson, Lewis, Franklin, Herkimer, and Erie. It was mustered into the service of the United States from July 18, 1863, to February 3, 1864. On June 12, 1865, it was consolidated with the 14th N. Y. Cavalry, the consolidated foree retaining the name-18th New York Cavalry. This force re- mained in service until May 31, 1866, when it was mustered ont in accordance with orders from the War Department."


TWENTIETH CAVALRY.


" The 20th Cavalry was organized at Sackets Harbor, N. Y .. to serve three years. Its men were principally from Jefferson County, although the counties of Lewis, St. Lawrence,


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Oswego, Onondaga, and Albany were also represented. The regiment was mustered into the United States service from September 3 to September 30, 1863, and after a varied experience was mustered out July 31, 1865, in accordance with orders from the War Department. It was known as the 'Mcclellan Cavalry'; went out with 12 companies, and was a fine body of men."


TWENTY FOURTH CAVALRY.


" This regiment was organized at Auburn, N. Y., to serve three years, and contained a number of men from Jefferson County. It was mustered into the service in January, 1864. and, on the 17th of June, 1865, was consolidated with the 10th N. Y. Cavalry, the united force being called the First New York Provisional Cavalry. Its principal engagements were the battles in the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Guinea Station, North Anna, Tolopotomy, Bethesda Church, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Cemetery Hill, Weldon Railroad, Reams's Station, Peeble's Farm, Vaughan Road, and Bellefield: and in these the regiment lost to a considerable extent. A number of its officers were killed in action and others died of wounds, while the loss among the men was proportionate."


TWENTY-SIXTH (" FRONTIER ") CAVALRY.


" This regiment was organized in the states of New York, Massachusetts, and Vermont, under special authority from the Secretary of War, to serve on the frontier for one year. It was principally engaged in protecting the northern frontier, and looking after suspicious characters, "bounty jumpers," rebel sympathizers, etc., one detachment being stationed at Sackets Harbor. Five companies were organized in this state, composed of men from the counties of St. Lawrence, Jefferson, Lewis, Franklin, Clinton, Essex, and Eric. The regi- ment was mustered in from December 29, 1864, to February 22, 1865, and was mustered out by companies from June 29, 1865, to July 7, 1865, in accordance with orders from the War Department."


FIRST REGIMENT " VETERAN " CAVALRY.


" This was organized at Geneva, N. Y., to serve three years, and mustered into the U. S. service from July 25 to November 19, 1863. The 17th N. Y. Cavalry was consolidated with it September 17, 1863, and the new organization contained a considerable number of men from Jefferson County. The regiment was mustered out July 20, 1865, in accordance with orders from the War Department."


FIRST NEW YORK LIGHT ARTILLERY.


" Company C, Capt. John W. Tamblin, was organized in Jefferson County, and mustered in from September 6 to October 24, 1861. It participated in the battles of Fredericksburg. Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Rappahannock Station, Mine Run, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Tolopotomy, Bethesda Church, Petersburg, and Weldon Railroad, and was mustered out, in accordance with orders from the War Department. June 17, 1835, after nearly four years of of active service.


"Company D. Capt. Thomas W. Osborn, was in part from Jefferson County, and was mustered in from September 6 to October 25, 1861. Its list of important engagements is a long one, and tells a truthful tale of bravery and hard service. It took active part in the bat- tles of Yorktown, Williamsburg, Seven Pines, battle of June 25, 1862, Peach Orchard, Savage Station, White Oak Swamp, Glendale, Malvern Hill, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettys- burg, Rappahannock Station, Mine Run, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Ann. Tolopotomy, Bethesda Church, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, and Chapel House. The battery was mustered out of service June 16, 1865.


" Company H, Capt. Joseph Spratt, was raised principally in Jefferson County, and mustered into the service of the United States from the 10th to the 28th of October, 1861. It was engaged at Yorktown, Fair Oaks, White Oak Swamp, Malvern Hill, Mine Run, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Tolopotomy, Bethesda Church, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad. Peeble's Farm, and Hatcher's Run, and was mustered out of service June 19, 1865."


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FIRST REGIMENT (GOV. MORGAN'S) U. S. LIGHT ARTILLERY.


" Company H, of this regiment, Capt. Charles L. Smith, was raised at Watertown and Carthage, for the term of three years, and mustered in July 24, 1861. This organization be- came a part of the 2d N. Y. Lt. Art. On the expiration of its term of service the original members were mustered out, and the regiment, composed of veterans and recruits, retained in service. It was consolidated into eight companies, and tour companies of the 9th N. Y. Artil- lery transferred to it June 27. 1865. The regiment was mustered out September 29, 1865, in accordance with orders from the War Department. Its battles were: second Bull Run, North Anna, Spottsylvania, Tolopotomy, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Strawberry Plains, Deep Bottom, New Market Road, Charles City Cross-Roads, and Reams's Station. The 2d Regiment lost 841 men in killed, wounded, and missing."




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