USA > New York > Lewis County > History of Lewis County, New York; with...biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 11
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1848. Norman Gowdy,
1849.
Hiram Mills,
Cornelius H. Wood. John Benedict,
.6 66 F. W. Northrup, Samuel P. Mills,
1851. S. D. Mason, 1852. Ashley Davenport,
1853. Seth Miller.
..
=
N Duane Baker. 64 66 Charles G. Riggs,
1857. Edmund Baldwin, L. C. Davenport, C. E. Stevens, Mortimer Smith, 1858.
1859. Moses M Smith.
H. D. Noltoo, Jehiel R. Wetmore, Charles M. Goff.
The Treasurers were :- 1841, . Harvey Stephens : 1848-'49, Ela N. Merriam ; 1850-'58, Moses M. Smith ; 1859, Alfred H. Lee.
The County Agricultural Society was re-organized Dec. 27, 1859, under Chap- ter 425, Laws of 1855, entitled “ An act to facilitate the formation of Agricultur- al and Horticultural Societies." Under this form, its first officers were chosen as follows :-
President-James S. Jackson.
Vice-President-William W. Smith.
Secretary-F. B. Morse.
Treasurer -- Alfred H. Lee.
Directors-Norman Gowdy, and San- ford Coe, (for 3 years); Ela N. Merriam, and Charles G. Riggs, (for 2 years) ; and Charles H. Curtis and Azro H. Buck, (for 1 year).
The fairs continued to be held alter- nately at Turin in even years, and at Lowville in odd years until 1871, since which time they have been held only at Lowville.
Presidents.
Corresponding Secretaries
Recording Secretaries. Charles Dayan,
1841.
Clement Whitaker,
Stephen Leonard,
1842,
1843.
Ela Merriam, =
Charles L Martin,
1844.
Ela Merriam,
Charles L. Martin,
Charles Dayan.
1845.
Lyman R. Lyon,
Francis Seger,
S D. Hungerford,
V. R. Martin,
John Benedict,
H. Blodget,
do
do
(five ; see notet)
do
do
1870
N. Gowdy,
E. Merriam,
do
do
1772.
A. R. Gebbie,
N. Gowdy,
do
do
1874.
*E. Merriam, N. Gowdy, IL. Blodget, Cornwall Wool- worth, and Roswell Miller.
+ H. Blodget, N. Gowdy, Wm. Whitaker, E. Allen, E. Merrianı.
# H Blodget, N. Gowdy, Wm. Whitaker, E. Allen, Ashley Davenport, Leonard S. Standring, H. D. H. Snyder, Jr,, E, Merriam.
§ Did nol qualify, and George Sherwood appointed.
1850.
Harrison Barnes, 66
1854. Sanford Coe,
1855.
Charles D. Adams.
1856. Lewis Stevens,
William King,
1867.
E. Merriam,
72
HISTORY OF LEWIS COUNTY.
In January, 1876, a committee was ap- pointed to buy a site for a new fair ground, the society having until this time occupied premises owned by asso- ciates and rented for its use. The site purchased was a part of the Bostwick estate, including about fifteen acres of land, which D. C. West sold to the socie- ty for $3,150. The sum of $560 was spent for fencing, $2,609 for buildings, $99 for conduit and reservoir, $28.50 for insurance, and $1,017 for grubbing and ditching, making the first expenses $7,- 467.50. Mortgages of $3,150, $1,000 and $1,300 were executed, constituting a debt of $5,450. The society paid $700 from its funds, and $1,217.50 in a subscription by the friends of the society and citizens of Lowville and vicinity.
These premises are on the northeast- ern border of the village of Lowville, and are finely shaded, a large number of the native trees of the forest being left. The fairs have since been held annually there, and the premises have been found convenient for holding mass meetings and for various other purposes.
Upon the abandonment of the old fair grounds southeast of the village, a town Agricultural Society was formed, and two fairs were appointed to be held the same year. The difficulty was amica- bly adjusted, and the town organization was dropped.
The Carthage Union Agricultural Society, was formed in July, 1875. Although its fairs are held outside of Lewis county, it includes several active members within it, and as an agency for promoting an interest in agricultural subjects, it merits notice in this connection.
The Lewis County Dairymen's Associa- tion .- This society devoted to the special interest indicated by its name, was or- ganized on the 3d Tuesday of January, 1868, and held its last meeting February 13, 1874.
An attempt was made more recently
to organize a Board of Trade at Low- ville, but it held only one meeting.
CHEESE FACTORIES.
About the commencement of the late · war, cheese factories began to be estab- lished, and during the war, the high price of labor led to their rapid exten- sion, until nearly the whole of the cheese made in the county, was produced at these establishments. The economy which they effect, and the uniformity of quality which they secure have been so appar- ent, that they have since been continued, with every prospect of permanence, and every year with new improvements tending to better results. At some of these butter is also made to a limited ex- tent, but this article is still chiefly pro- duced upon farms, in the spring and fall at seasons when it is found more profita- ble than cheese.
To Lewis county readers, it would be quite superfluous to describe the routine of manufacture, and the business trans- actions concerned ; but as this book may fall in the hands of some not familiar with this subject, or it may be referred back to hereafter, we will describe them as concisely as possible. The milk is taken to the factory in large cans, and now generally in the morning only. The milking of the evening is strained into the cans, and by a cooling process, the animal heat is taken out, either by plac- ing in the cans tin vessels filled with cold water, or by letting the milk fall from a perforated tin strainer in finely divided streams like a shower. Upon arriving at the factory, the milk is drawn off into a receiving can and weighed. This weight is entered on the books of the factory, and in a pass-book carried by the driver, and becomes the basis for the distribution of proceeds when the products are sold.
The cheese factory is usually by the side of a spring or stream of pure water ;
73
CHEESE FACTORIES.
if not, cold water is always brought in pipes to the premises. It is often on a hill-side, to favor the unloading ; if not, a bridge is raised on the side where the milk is delivered, so that it can flow. from the bottom of the cans on the wagon into the top of the receiver with- in. The buildings are generally cov- ered on the sides with rough boards, nailed upright, and almost always a family lives upon the premises. The apparatus consists of several large tin vats, that are suspended in wooden vats somewhat larger, so that the tempera- ture can be regulated by the admission of water heated to a proper degree be- tween them. There must be a large boiler for heating water, and this often supplies steam to a small engine for churning, pumping, or other light work.
The milk is heated to a proper degree, and rennet in solution is added. The curd presently forms, after which the whey is drawn off, the curd is cut and broken, salted, and placed in hoops for the presses. Of these there are various forms, but in all, or nearly all, the pres- sure is applied by an iron screw. When pressed, bandaged and oiled, the cheeses are placed upon long tables, and care- fully turned, oiled, and attended daily until sold, which is generally at inter- vals of about a month ; but this varies according to the market, from two weeks to two or three months. A thin scale- board of about the thickness of a card is finally placed upon each side, and each cheese is placed in a separate and closely fitting box. The cheese are from four- teen to fifteen inches across, and from nine to eleven inches high, and the weight is generally from fifty to sixty pounds.
With respect to business transactions, the custom varies. Sometimes a num- ber of farmers, owning together from 300 to 500 cows, will associate together, procure and fit up a building, and hire a
1
man and his wife, or more help if needed, dividing the expenses and sharing the receipts pro-rata, according to the total weight of milk received in the season. In other cases, the owner of the factory will contract to make the chcese, and pay all the expenses of manufacture at a given price per pound, he furnishing the boxes or not, as may be agreed upon. We believe a common price is about a cent and a quarter to a cent and a half a pound, the boxes included. The boxes are circular and made of elm, with the top and bottom generally of bass- wood.
The selling is usually done by a com- mittee, or by one man selected by the associates from their own number. It is occasionally sent to market to be sold on commission, but the common custom is to sell to produce dealers, who either buy on their own account, or on joint account, or as agents for the wholesale dealers in New York City, to which by far the greater part of the cheese is sent, and from thence mostly to European markets. It sometimes goes to Phila- delphia or Boston markets, but the amount thus sent is small.
There has formerly been much specu- lation in the buying of dairy produce, but now, with the facilities of telegraph, and the constant quotation of prices in the daily papers, and often through the vigilance of trusted correspondents, those having the selling of the cheese of the factories, may keep themselves closely informed, and the profits of mid- dle men have become less.
The relatively greater profit of cheese from a given quantity of milk, has re- duced very materially, the quantity of butter made in this and adjacent counties. in recent years; but it is an easy matter to change from one to the other, as the interest may appear. For butter-making. the tin pans formerly used, are in many cases now replaced by large oblong vats
74
HISTORY OF LEWIS COUNTY.
of tin, placed in larger vats of wood, and by means of a current of water flowing between them, the milk can be kept at a constant temperature best adapted to the formation of cream.
Formerly, the whey of cheese facto- ries, was fed to swine in adjacent pens, but this offensive practice is now very generally discontinued, and the whey is pumped into the cans that bring the milk, as they are returning to the farms where they belong, and is fed to the swine at home.
Until the present time, no attempt has been made to produce condensed milk for canning. At a few places, pine-apple, Limburg, and other kinds of cheese are made, but they form quite an insignifi- cant proportion to the whole amount.
SPECIAL CROPS.
In the early period of settlement. after roads had been opened to the great markets, the first surplus crop produced in the county ; and for a time, much more was sent out of the county, than was needed for its use. This was at first taken down to Albany in the winter, by sleighs, and after the construction of the Erie Canal, to Utica and Rome. For a few years it was made into flour, which was sent off in barrels, but this business had ended about 1840, when the dairying business had begun to be quite prevalent, and hasever since been the leading agri- cultural industry of the county.
Hops may now be placed next after dairy products, having in very recent years become an object of extensive cul- tivation. We are not aware of any special methods of cultivation or prep- aration peculiar to this region, and there are certain casualties which no skill can avoid. In 1875, the census reported over a quarter of a million of pounds, and 617 acres devoted to this cultivation, but the amount has since largely increased,
and the unprecedented prices of 1882, cannot fail to stimulate further pro- duction. The greater part is exported to Europe from New York, being pur- .chased by dealers, who make this a special business.
Dye Stuffs .- The cultivation of saff- ron (Carthamus tinctorius), for dyeing, was about 1846, a prominent business with several farmers in Lowville and Martinsburgh. At a somewhat earlier period, the cultivation of madder was attempted, but without success sufficient to induce a continuance of the enter- prise.
Flax has been a subject of culture from the first, but never extensively as a leading business, except during the active operation of the Copenhagen works. In 1845-'6, large quantities were raised, chiefly from the high price of the seed. Linseed oil has been extensively manufactured at Lowville and Copen- hagen,
Hemp was cultivated to a considerable extent in Denmark and vicinity, soon after the establishment of Varick's cord- age manufactory at Copenhagen, about 1832-'5. The result was not satisfactory, chiefly from the difficulty of properly preparing it for use when grown.
Essential Oils .-- The manufacture of. the oil of peppermint, has been an im- portant item of business in Lowville and Harrisburgh, and was still followed to a limited extent when our first edition was printed ; but since then the business has disappeared entirely. The first field of mint in the county was planted in 1811, by Martin Guiteau and Truman Terrill, who continued the business several years. The Buck, Morse, Humphrey, and other families, were afterwards exten- sively engaged in it. In 1814, three farmers had 40 acres planted, and the profits of some of the earlier adventurers were great. The plant is usually mown three years, and the yield per acre in
75
AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS.
oil generally averages ten pounds the first year, fifteen the second, and five or six the third. It is distilled soon after being cut, or when partially cured like hay. The price of this article was very fluctuating, and on several occasions, the transition from one extreme to the other resulted in heavy losses. Other essential oils, as of hemlock, cedar, wintergreen, balsam fir, spearmint, &c., have been made to a limited extent.
Silk .- In 1843, Ira Adams received a premium of $3.79, at the rate of 15 cents per pound, for cocoons, and $1.12 at the rate of 50 cents per pound for reeled silk. This was probably the largest amount ever raised in one year by one person, and but few have ever attempted silk culture in the county. The Morus mul- ticautis speculation prevailed in this coun- ty to only a moderate degree, as compared with other sections. We know of but a single tree now growing, as a relic of the time when " it would be cheaper to dress in silk than in woolen." It is upon the farm of Ezra W. Stanford, between Mar- tinsburgh and Lowville village, and was planted by Russell Hills, a former owner of the place, and an enthusiast in this movement.
AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS OF THE CENSUS.
The year of production reported in the census is that preceding the census year, excepting as otherwise indicated by notes. We give in the following table a summary for Lewis county, as reported since 1821 :-
Acres of Land.
Improved.
Unimproved.
1821.
37,880
1825.
47,574
1835.
86,150
1845.
114,187
1855.
184,540
497, 146
1860.
177,031
108,960
1865.
211,480
433,934
Improved.
Unimproved.
1870.
233,704
200,513*
1875.
241,091
396, 103Ť
Acres Plowed.
Acres in Fallow.
1855.
32,889
1855.
1,64I
I864.
25,435
1865.
335
1865.
25,477
1874.
34,23I
1875.
34,428
Cash Value of Farms.
1855.
$7,519,002
1860.
8.264,029
1865
10,424,679
1870.
15,181,008
1875.
13,661,307
Cash value of Tools and Implements.
1855
$287,903
1860
370,217
1865
438,952
1870
587,501
1875
584,396
Cash value of Stock.
1855
$1, 102,582
1860
1,404,247
1865
2,062,564
1870
2,635,706
1875
2, 174,994
Value of Farm Buildings other than
Dwellings.
1875
$1,498,636
Value of Forest Products.
1840
$ 33,030
1870 188,352
Value of Animals Slaughtered.
1860
$148,287
1870
286,992
Total Value of Farm Products.
1870
$3,837,797
Gross sales of Farm Products.
1875 $1,590,217
Wages paid for Farm Labor.
1870 $371,374
Value of Commercial Fertilizers Used.
1865
$398.30
1875
659.00
* Of this amount 154,679 acres were in woodland.
t Of this amount, 249,045 acres were in woodland.
76
HISTORY OF LEWIS COUNTY.
--
Sizes of Farms.
1870
1875
Of all sizes
3,526
4,124
Under 3 acres.
IO
199
3 to 10 acres
268
209
Io to 20 acres
430
178
20 to 50 acres
1,025
624
50 to 100 acres
925
1,142
100 to 500 acres
866
1,740
500 to 1,000 acres
2
20
1,000 and over
IO
Dwelling Houses.
1855.
1865.
1875.
Stone (No.)
34
40
39
(value)
$61,500
$44,300
$90,700
Brick (No.)
I8
60.
59
1855
219
1,566
65,782
(value)
$22,000
3,195
$90,400 4,403
5,7II
(value) $1, 141,653 $1,738, 192
718
487
(value)
$30,571
$15,403 251
$17,542
Other (No.)
366
(value)
$48,234
$45,973
$6,296
Total (No.)
4,707
5,472
(value) $1,303,958 $1,934,268 $4,224,549
Barley.
Acres Sown.
Bushels Harvested.
1840
20,27 I
1845
1,587
23, 119
1850
23,813
1855
1,922
37,513
1860
54,304
1865
4,277
69,828
1874
2,295
61,217
1875
2,995
Beans --- See " Peas and Beans."
Acres Planted.
Bushels Harvested.
1845
104
678
1855
72
1,030
1864
231
695
1874
44
445
1875
617
1875
50
Buckwheat.
Acres Sown.
Bushels Harvested.
1840
144,880
1845
1,816
25,803
1850
1850
10,117
1855
14,038
295,445
1855
1,067
10,443
1860
1860
18,10I
1864
12,312
201,934
1864
696
8, 11 I
1865
12,514
1870
16,055
1870
445,667
1874
893
14,289
1874
20,236
639,523
1875
753
1875
19,853
Tons of Hay.
Bushels of Grass Seed.
1840
1845
1855
71,496
57,238
51,802
1,746
I860
72,296
1,652
1864
102,561
78,692
78,781
271
1865
102,565
79,875
104,653
456
1874
117,113
86,569
107,493
1,132
1875
117,973
88,061
Hops.
Acres Cultivated.
Pounds Harvested.
1840
5,460
1850
11,322
1855
25
8,870
1860
19,599
1864
43
69,895
1865
71
272,815
1874
41I
232,214
Oats.
Acres Sown.
Bushels Harvested.
1840
8,498
1845
7,923
53,180
1850
83,027
1855
4,616
92,398
1860
43,912
1664
1,468
31,715
1870
1874
1,592
42,515
1875
1,530
Acres sown for fodder 1874, 472 ; 1875, 290.
Flax.
Acres Sown.
Bushels of Seed. Pounds of Lint.
1845
480
85,281
1850
31,905
1860
335
5,716
1864
I44
702
23,422
1865
40
1870
5
225
Grass Lands.
Acres of
Acres Sown.
Pasturage.
Corn.
Acres Planted.
Bushels Harvested.
1840
48,984
1845
2,291
43,284
67,280
Framed (No.)
Log (No) 1,094
$268,800
$3,847,507
1870
1870
202,505
202,515
289,734
1870
38,414
77
AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS.
Peas.
Acres Sown.
Bushels Harvested.
1845
1,542
21,925
1855
4,603
56,940
1855
856
12,978
1864
632
5,208
1860
23,258
1865
659
1864
750
9,533
1865
656
1874
2,07I
30,378
1874
590
11,514
1875
55I
Peas and Beans.
Acres.
Bushels.
1845
1,646
22,603
1855
928
14,008
1860
23,258
1870
9,248
Potatoes.
Acres Planted.
Bushels Harvested.
1840
634,316
1845
5,420
498,849
1850
287,715
1855
3,296
243,841
1860
330,706
1864
3,116
328,822
1865
4,6.30
1870
353,016
1874
5,044
616,04I
1875
5,426
Rye.
Acres Sown.
Bushels Harvested.
1840
2,473
1845
913
9,278
1855
1,151
11,383
1860
11,960
I 864
1,060
9,812
1865
1, 165
9,546
1874
1,040
14,950
1875
976
Turnips.
Acres.
Bushels Harvested.
1845
259
22,340
1845
18,024
1865
30,639
1855
19,15 L
1870
32,298
1864
28
5,293
1860
26,373
1874
30,06It
1864
30,846
1875
32,141}
Number of Working Oxen.
1855
2,423
1870
1, 120
1860
2, 195
1875
1,116
1840
1845
7,026
87,406
1850
73,584
1855
63,785
1860
73,505
Spring Wheat.
Acres Sown.
Bushels Harvested.
Orchards.
Bushels of apples, (1855) 72, 198 ; barrels of cider, (1855) 1,451.
Value of orchard products, (1840) $2,820 ; (1860) $8,283 ; (1870) $28,946.
Number of
Bushels
Barrels
Trees in Fruit.
of Apples
of Cider.
1865
22,262
19, 14I
512
1875
53,575
42,0II
844
Market Gardens.
Acres.
Value Growo.
1855
I
$ 115
1860
124
1865
7
5,377
1870
2,496
Cattle and Dairy Products.
Neat Cattle-Total Number.
1821
10,417
1860
38,120
1825
13,780
1864
35,313
1835
25,063
1865
39,479
1840
31,130
1870
32,298
1845
32,790
1874
33,744
1850
32,308
1875
47,857
1855
29,748
Number of Milch Cows.
1855
56
5,830
1865
22
Wheat.
Acres Sown.
Bushels Harvested
85, 191
1865
1,254
* Under one year, 5, 176; over one year, 26,915.
+ Milk sent to factories, 17,209.
¿ Milk sent to factories, 18,555.
Winter Wheat.
Acres Sown.
Bushels Harvested.
1855
318
3,845
1864
138
2,572
1865
409
1870
5,034
1874
316
5,725
1875
400
1870
28,819
1875
1,847
1870
78
HISTORY OF LEWIS COUNTY.
Number of Other Cattle.
Mules.
1855
8,174
1870
9,745
1855
9
1860
9,552
1865
24
Bulls of all Ages.
1875
2,687
Sheep and Wool.
No. of Sheep.
Pounds of Wool.
1875, (calves) 6,355; (1 yr.) 4,673 ; (2 yrs.) 3,673.
Dairy Products.
1835
40,234
68,173
Pounds of Butter.
Pounds
Gallons
of Milk Sold.
1845
40,657*
89,229
1845
1,266,933
1,420,368
1850
15,368
44,137
1855
1,575,515
1,896,741
6,795
1855
10,087
27.047
1860
1,997,887
2,911,775
1860
9,605
31,464
1870
2,080,259
977,547
5,273,1831
1870
8,384
32,631
1874
6,270
25,881
Value of Dairy Products.
1875
6,753
27,888
1840
$137,177
Lambs Raised.
Cattle Killed for Beef.
1865
9,278
(1855) 1,247 ; (1865) 2,141 ; (1875) I,IIO.
Horses.
1821
1,887
1825
3,066
1835
4,684
1840
3,931
1865
279
1850
4,302
1855
5,097
1860
5,222
No of Swine.
Pounds of Pork.
1865
6,278
1825
11,739
1870
6,547
1835
16,197
1875
7,079
1840
18,076
Colts one year old.
1865
466
1860
8,246
1875
358
[86!
10,308
1, 298,635
Colts of first season.
1865
401
1875
339
1865
5,12I
1875
6,136
Maple Sugar and Syrup.
Pounds of Sugar.
Gallons of Syrup.
1840
257,476
1855
236,918
4,698
1860
465,680
3,190
1865
551,102
2,6-18
1870
451,326
1,200
1875
585,644
6,555
1865
1,663,950
4,755,043
1864
10,702
54,070
1865
14,839
1875
1,880,839
323,647₺
8,814
1874
4,743
1875
5,098
Sheep Slaughtered.
1865
1,862
1875
952
1845
4,570
1875
204
Swine and Pork.
1850
15,813
1855
9,091
1870
5,979
1875
12,766
1,530,447
* In 1865, there were reported thirty-two cheese factories, worth $52,546, and employing fifty-five men and sixty-three women. They used the milk of 12,084 cows, and paid $15,574 for labor. Of these, twenty- eight used 33, 531, 746 pounds of milk, and produced 3, 171, 721 pounds of cheese. They usually began in May and ended in October.
In 1875, the statistics of cheese factories were very fully taken by the aid of a separate blank, but were not published.
+ Evidently a gross error. Perhaps includes milk sent to factories.
# Made upon farms. The amount made at factories was not published.
1870
25
1875
54
Heifers.
1821
18,267
1825
34,467
1840
36,665
of Cheese. *
1864
7,544
Sheep Killed.by Dogs.
Pigs of first season.
* Under one year, 11,995, over one year, 28,427.
79
STATISTICS.
Honey and Wax.
Pounds.
1840
148
1850
17,968
1855
12,743
1860
18,540
1865
23,831
1870
8,301
1875
12,708
;
Poultry and Eggs.
Value owned-1865-$11,329.65 ; 1875- $21,133.00
Value sold-1855-$4,701.00; 1865-$2,-
595.03 ; 1875-$5,817.00
Eggs sold-1855-$2,671 ; 1865-$2,997.89; 1875-$12,087.
Poultry owned-1840-5,293.
Domestic Manufactures. (Yards.)
Fulled Cloth.
Flannel and Other Woolens.
Linen, Cotton, Etc.
1821
16,890
20,808
41,422
1825
23,708
28,616
44,513
1835
22,591
25,621
30,607
1845
17,801
29,630
23,871
1855
2,609
8,291
4,902
1865
6,615
18,247
13,144
Towns.
1825
1835
1845
Na-
Nat- ural- ized.
tive.
ized.
Na- ural- tive. ized.
Croghan
131
82
126
157
293
330
313
Denmark
380
527
612
532
52
$58
44
545
49
Diana
8
153
193
38
280
87
3.56
91
Greig
96
171
264
25
383
96
348
87
Harrisburgh
125
158
220
228
67
249
81
215
62
Grist Mills
14
16
19
14
Saw Mills
40
46
94
80
Oil Mills
2
2
Fulling Mills
11
12
14
5
388
443
521
458
37
581
75
646
124
Rope Factories.
IO
12
5
1
17
22
21
2
2
2
1
2
1
I
Pinckney
1 58
223
253
9
382
59
383
18
128
183
309
190
18
246
18
309
36
West Turin ..
289
504
264
209
319 , 188
372
154
Total,
2, 248 3, 161 4, 287 4,059| 1, 225 4, 834 1, 843 5.643:1,963
Population of Towns in Lewis County at Various Periods.
Towne.
1800
1814
1820
1825
1830
1835
1840
1845
1850
1855
1860
1855
1870
1875
1880
Croghen,
Denmark,
1,495
1,745
1,989: 2,370 2,522
2,383
2,551
2.824
2,381
2,559
2,222
2.109
1.987
3,204
Diena,
Greig,
399
520
722
712
803
850
986
1,367
1,240
1,338
1,238
1,090
1,013
1,089
High Market,
1,157
1,407|
1,259
1,252
1,205
1,161
Leyden,
622
871| 1,203
1,156
1,502 1,687
2,438
1,941
2,253
1,856
1,859
1,828|
2,048
1,973
1,933
Lowville,
300;
1,601
1,943
2,107
2,334
2,097
2,047
2,167
2,377
2,144
2,373 2,574|
2,805
2,865
3,188
Lyonsdale,
997
1,497
1,950
2,382
2,288
2,272
2,408
2,677
2,489
2,855
2.480
2,262
2,141
2,386
Montague,
1,510
1,647
412
513
595|
712
688
649
666
Pinckney,
440 1,078
1,812 2,388
1,661 1,907
1,704
1,882
1,826
1,748
1,849 1,683
1,493
1,393
1,386
Watson,
693
909
1,163
1,707
2,763
1.138
930
1,028
949
1,146
3,282
1,470
Weet Turin, ..
1,635
1,843
2,042
1,624
3,793
2,478
2,410 2,128
2,111
1.842
2,006
Total ..
1,362 6,848| 9,227 11,669 15,239 16,093 17,830 20,218 24.564 25,229 28, 580 27,840: 28,699 | 29,245 31,416
Value of Home-made Manufactures. (1840), $25,253 ; (1860), $10,606. Total value of Manufactured Products. (1870), $19,094.
STATISTICS OF POPULATION ELECTORS.
AND OF
A national census has been taken every ten years since 1790. Before 1825, the State government (excepting in 1814,) took a census of Electors only, but com- mencing in 1825, it has since taken a full census of the population at intervals of ten years. The number of Electors in 1807, 1814 and 1821, was as follows :- Freeholders Freeholders Renting tenements Total.
worth over $250, worth $50 to $250, worth over $5
per annum.
1807
574
72
450
1,096
1814
614
71
499
1,184
1821
740
34
617
1,391
The number of voters at different pe- riods, as shown by the State census, be- ginning in 1825 has been as follows :-
1855
1865
1875
MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS.
1821 1825 1835 1840 1845 1855 1865
High Market
47
161
59
158
86
146
Lewis ...
Leyden
259
370
427
347
85
374
93
420
12
Carding Machines
€
7
12
I
-
Martinsburgh
358
450
$48
471
68
495 86
98
44
244
283
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