USA > New York > Otsego County > History of Otsego County, New York : with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 80
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This place has always been justly celebrated for the longevity of its inhabitants. Within the radius of three- fourths of a mile there are now living ten persons whose united ages amount to eight hundred and eleven years, viz. : Gardiner Sloan, one hundred; Mrs. Calviu Eaton, eighty- five; Mrs. Mason Corbin, eighty-five; Mr. David Andrus, eighty ; Mr. Thomas Ames, eighty ; Mrs. E. M. Shepard, seventy-seven ; Mrs. Charles Tuttle, seventy-eight; Mr. Isaac Huntley, seventy-seven ; Mr. Albert Coats, seventy- two; Mr. Laman Brockway, seventy-seven. "Had Ponce de Leon extended his researches to the region of Richfield, he might not have found the fountain of immortal youth, but he would have found that by breathing our invigorating mountain air his life would doubtless have been greatly prolonged."
THE FIRST TOWN-MEETING.
The first town-meeting was held in 1793, at which Nathan Jeffords was chosen supervisor. The following is . a list of the supervisors of this town from 1793 to 1877, viz. :
1793. Nathan Jeffords.
1794. Thadeus Loomis.
1795. Christopher Colwell.
1796-97. Willard Warner.
1798-1801. Lemuel Fitch.
1802. Nathaniel Farnham.
1803-7. Lemuel Fitch.
1845-47. Selden Churchell.
1808. Seth Allen.
1809-10. Osias Woodward.
1811. Seth Allen.
1812. Benjamin Tuckerman.
1813. Obadiah Beardsley.
1814. John Woodbury.
1815. Isaac Smith.
1859-61. Eseck Cole.
1816. Osias Woodward.
1862-63. Alvin B. Losee.
1817-19. Samuel Colwell. 1820. Thomas Howes.
1864. Alvin Barrus. 1865. J. S. Davenport. 1866-69. A. R. Elwood.
1821-22. Theodore Page.
1823-24. George Farnham.
1870-71. N. Getman.
1825-26. John Jones.
1872-73. J. C. Brown.
1827-28. Samuel Colwell.
1874-75. J. S. Davenport.
1829-33. Mathewson Eddy.
1876. John MeCready.
1834. Tideman If. Gordon.
1877-78. H. C. Brockway.
AGRICULTURAL AND GENERAL STATISTICS.
In 1874, Richfield had 15,647 acres of improved land, 3519 woodland, and 922 other than the above. The cash value of farins in 1875 was $1,272,520 ; of farm buildings, other than dwellings, $173,525; of stock, 8168.531; of tools and implements, $48,025; acres plowed in 1875. 2168; aeres in pasture, 7013; acres mown, 6024; hay produced, 8319 tons; bushels of barley produced in 1-54, 1670; bushels of buck wheat, 3836 ; bushels of Indian corn, 5393; bushels of oats, 40,391; bushels of spring wheat, 64 ; winter wheat, 1081 ; beans, 22; peas, 493; pounds of hops, 70,705; bushels of potatoes, 27,061; bushels of apples, 13,636; barrels of cider, 401; pounds of grapes, 150;
pounds of maple sugar, 10,225; number of horses on farm-, 661; butter made in families, 54,855 pounds ; che. 12,692 pounds; number of sheep shorn in 1875, 6-7; weight of clip, 3462 pounds; number of swine ou farmi, June 1, 1875, 1161.
Area .- Richfield has an area of 20.418 acres, the asses- valuation of which is $499,180; assessed per acre, $2115 : equalized valuation, $505,346 ; equalized per acre, 82175.
POPULATION.
1800
1405 : 1845 17.11
IS10
2079
1.850 151 2
1814
2365
1:55
1. 1 ..
1820
1772
1860
1825
1893
1865
1830
1752
1870
1835
1673
1875
1840
1680
CHAPTER LXVII.
TOWN OF RICHFIELD-Continued.
Richfield Springs.
FOR unknown ages previous to the commencement of the present century, the quiet interval that is now occupied by the pleasant village of Richfield Springs was hidden far from the face of civilization, and known only to the sons of the forest as a resort for the use of the " medicine waters" that their faith applied to all the ills of their numerous tribes. At the summit of a gently-rising cui- nence, in the midst of shrubbery, and overshadowed by the lofty and majestic branches of the fir and pine, there issued forth from beneath the roots of a gigantic tree a crystal mineral fountain of life and health. About three hundred rods to the south of this fountain was a romantic and beautiful lake silently sleeping in a quiet valley, skirted on either side by heavily-wooded Alpine ranges, whose giant forest-trees were boldly reflected in the deep-blue water, that were disturbed only by the screaming waterfowl or the light canoe of the red man as he glided swiftly over its silvery surface. The elk, moose, and timid deer drank from its silent waters in the wild solitudes of the primeval forest. Two wood-covered islands rested within the boom of this picturesque lake, one of which has since dicap- peared,* and, as tradition says, " the last of a once powerful tribe, the Canadaragos, sank with it far beneath its dark waters."
The following Indian tradition in relation to this island has been handed down to us: " A famous healing Indian prophet once dwelt upon a beautiful island in the midst of Canadarago lake, to whom invalids from all the Inqui used to come and leave their maladies. At midnight he would glide softly away in his canoe, penetrate the dark forest to the fountains, and then return to his patient- wah vessels full of the magic waters.
.. By his great success he became proud and pow Fit'. and at last he called himself the twin brother of the sith
This is a veritable fact within the recollect on of the en] .t citizens.
1835. Mathewson E.ldy. 1836. Tideman H. Gordon. 1837-40. George Tuckerman.
1841. N. Palmer.
1842. George Tuckerman.
1843-41. N. Palmer.
1848. Alonzo Churchell.
1819-50. Nathan Palmer. 1851-54. Alonzo Churchell. 1855. John Derthick, Jr.
1856-57. Alvin Barrus.
1858. Hamilton Coleman.
...
Ute.
1
2
RES. OF THE LATE HAMILTON BAKER.
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HISTORY OF OTSEGO COUNTY, NEW YORK.
307
Spirit. This blasphemy kindled the anger of the Almighty, and it consumed the boaster. One morning, when a bridal party went thither to receive the prophet's blessing, the island had disappeared. The Great Spirit in his wrath had thrust it with the proud prophet so deep into the earth that the waters of the lake where it stood are unfathomable by human measurement."
The following beautiful lines on this legend were written by Ethel Lynn :
THE SUNKEN ISLAND.
O'er Canadarago the shadows ercep, Dreams of ber silent summer sleep ; Yon pictured hill, a blue-veined lid, Curtains the brightness beneath it hid ; The toying tress of the willow swings, And tho tasseled Lireh her guerdon flings, Till the wave wakes up from its revery, And, Indian-like, laughs silently.
In-shore tho tall flags moveless stand, With lances straight like warder band, To guard the lily's jeweled cup, Whoso golden wine the wave bears up ; But guards in vain : the rohher bee Drinks and away, humming merrily ; And the dragon-fly waves its wing of light Into the sunshine and out of sight.
But just where the mountain shadows break Lies the sunken isle of the laughing lake, Where the soft, green rushes idly sway, And the fisher's hont is seen alway, As the angler peers through the limpid wave For a glimpse of the islaud's lonely grave, And dreams of the time when in air it stood, With its erown of flowers and belt of wood.
:
For Canadarago a legend keeps, To be whispered low when the midnight creeps Moonless and still on the lonely shore, A talo of the Lost for evermore. Far back in the land of the Long Ago, Stood an island fair in the summer glow, Whore ever alono a prophet dwelt, For whose healing touch the suffering knelt.
Thither the Mohawk warrior came, With the wound from poison-dart aflame ; And the Iroquois, with his war-won pain, Sought at his hand for health again. Savage of mien and dark of mood, As well became bis fudian blood ; Sullen and stern, none ever guessed The secrets locked in his dusky breast :
Knew not how oft in the swift canoe Tho shivered waves from the pad lies flew, As close by the dim, deep forest stayed, The prophet's foot in the darkness strayed, Till closo by the bitter fountain's brink Hle stopped at last. yet not to drink ; But bore from thenco tho wondrous draught, Tho sourco and sceret of bis craft.
At last, the olden legend saith, He claimed the power to conquer Death, And spoko in horrid blasphemy Of twinship with Divinity ; Then the fireat Spirit's awful frown Sent isle and prophet hurtling down ; And wondering pilgrims to that shore Saw isto or prophet nevermore.
-
The Sunken Island !- Ah, 'twere well If only legends wild could tell The tale. On Life's broad sea Such things as these there often be ; Bright spots that softly shine and gleam, Fair as a sinless angel's dream ; And yet they sink-and all but wo Go floating on right merrily.
So each alone his secret keeps, Where his lost vision bides and sleeps; Sails bravely on and makes no moan, Over the fairy landscape gone, Yet glancing where the rushes grow, Bent by the breath of the Long Ago, He says no word, but dreams the while Of the unforgotten Sunken Isle.
Who can tell the number of years that have passed away since this beautiful lake was first called into being, or how many cloudless nights have the moon and the stars been mirrored in its placid depths? More than three-fourths of a century has passed away since the first settlers were attracted to this locality as permanent residents. With the discovery of the mineral springs, and their preparation for public use by Dr. Horace Manley in 1820, this village dates its birth as a watering-place. The efficacy of these waters was soon found to be remarkably potent in the treatment of many forms of disease, and with every return- ing season from the above date the number of visitors to the place was gradually augmented. The value of real estate slowly enhanced from year to year, and by 1830 Richfield Springs became the centre of an extensive local trade.
As stated above, the mineral springs were discovered by Dr. Manley in 1820. Iu that year he bought an acre of land, embracing what is now the Manley Spring, on the grounds of the Spring House, for which he paid seventy- five dollars, and ereeted a dwelling for his family. Ilc proceeded at once to prepare the spring for publie use.
At this time the only place for the accommodation of visitors was the Richfield Hotel, where but few guests could be received. Directly over the spring stood a large pine-tree, from beneath which the water issued profusely, covering the ground for some distance around with a thick white coating of tufaecous deposit. The tree and earth were removed to the depth of five feet, when the water was found to issue from the deep erevice of a large Hat rock, that now forms its bed. On this rock was found the body of a large tree, still sound and perfect ; also the antler of an elk, with its points ground off. The doctor thinks it had been used by the Indians for a war-club. It was presented to Prof. Mitchell, of Columbia college, New York. He also found ripe red plums, and fresh-looking green leaves, that soon turned black and fell to pieces on exposure to the air. The writer asked the doctor how long he thought these plums and leaves had been the re : he answered, "Thousands of years, no doubt," as five feet of earth and decomposed vegetation had accumulated over them without human ageney. This sulphur spring now began to attract public attention, but the duties of his profession requiring his entire attention, the doctor soll the property, including the spring, to a Mr. Chase, and
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308
HISTORY OF OTSEGO COUNTY, NEW YORK.
purchased the land now occupied by him, a short distance to the east of the spring, on the south side of Main street, where he resides in the enjoyment of a well-earned com- petence. Dr. Manley has three sons and four daughters now living.
A laughable incident occurred while the doctor was engaged in excavating the spring. His workmen had suspended a white handkerchief to a pole by the roadside to indicate the location of the spring in the forest. A countryman on horseback, approaching from the west, seeing this supposed signal of smallpox, attempted to pass the designated point by galloping his horse at full speed, at the same time holding his nose and mouth firmly with one hand; but when directly opposite the spring he in- voluntarily caught a breath of air that was strongly im- pregnated with the fumes of the sulphur water. Suddenly checking his horse, he exclaimed, with an expression of the deepest despair, " Oh, God, I've catched it !"
Seventeen distinct mineral springs are now known in this place and immediate vicinity, most of them containing sulphur, but varying to some extent in their constituent elements. Two of these springs only have been analyzed, viz., the Manley Spring, on the grounds of the Spring House, and the American Spring, in the basement of the American Hotel, and are known to be the strongest sulphur waters on the American continent. The following is an analysis of these waters by Prof. Reid :
Bicarbonate magnesia ....
......
-per gallon, 20 grains.
Bicarbonate lime ....
10 ¥
Chloride sodium and magnesia ...... Sulphate magnesia 4
15
30
Hydrosulphate magnesia and lime .. Sulphate of lime Solid matter. Sulphuretted hydrogen gas ..
20
152.5 "
20.6 inches.
The location of Richfield is remarkable for natural beauty, not only in its immediate surroundings, but it occupies a position in the midst of the most charmingly diversified mountain and lake scenery. The mountain- sides in many instances, and especially where bordering upon lakes or streams, are jutted with immense ledges of rocks, or cut with deep ravines that assist so extensively in giving that romantic character to this portion of the State of New York which it so eminently possesses. Six beau- tiful lakes are distributed in this vicinity, almost within sight of each other; and this was known to be a region of popular resort of the aboriginal tribes of the valley of the Mohawk and western part of the State before the whites encroached upon the original possessors of the territory. Unlike the spasmodic growth of many western towns, with their restless and ever-changing population, this village has grown gradually in size and publie favor, until it now has a population of nearly 1500. And it is repre- sented by the following business interests : lawyers, Daven- port & Tennant, P. D. Fay, Dwight Luce, C. Gano; physicians, N. Getman, W. B. Crain ; dentists, W. T. Bailey, M. D. Jewel; magistrates, E. W. Badger, J. L. Comstock ; surveyors. J. L. Comstock, M. W. Badger; teachers, common school, HI. A. Ward, Mrs. Ames; in- surance agents, W. D. Griffin, M. Tuller; artists, F. M. Zoller, G. II. Bronner; bankers, Elwood & Tuller ; print- ing-office, Richfield Springs Mercury, C. Ackerman &
Son, editors ; dry goods, Elwood & Tuller, E. A. Hinds; hardware, R. Buchanan ; hardware, groceries. and dry- goods, Wick & McCready ; drug-stores, A. J. Smith & Son, J. F. Getman ; clothing-stores, C. J. Hinds, O. Knapp. C. Wilder; groceries, R. Russell, Frink & Armstrong, Il. C. Watson ; jewelers, H. C. Walter, H. Greenman ; flour- ing-mill, Frank Dana ; steam saw-mill, S. Clemens ; benik- store, telegraph, and express, J. A. Storer ; expressman. William Conklin ; butter dealer, Peter Allen ; cabinet and undertakers, D. W. Harrington, M. D. V. Martin ; shoc- store, Guy Kinne; farm produce and groceries, P. Lang- don; lumber-yard and feed-store, W. B. Ward; meat- markets, N. Vroman, James Steel; harness-shop, W. E. Stillman ; tin-shops, R. Buchanan, HI. Royston ; barber. G. H. Thomson ; carriage-makers, A. Barker, HI. J. Freu- denberg; blacksmiths, Elias Young, J. Switzer. R. J. Dutcher; painters, A. C. Cole, J. ITarn ; coal dealers, J. D. Ibbotson. Hotels : Spring House, T. R. Proctor, pro- prietor ; American Hotel. Coleman & Tunnicliff, proprietors ; National Hotel, Dr. S. P. Barker, proprietor ; Canadarago House, F. Stanton, proprietor ; Central Hotel, E. W. Darrow, proprietor ; Davenport House, J. S. Davenport, proprietor.
There are several private boarding-houses, viz .: The Tunnicliff Cottage, the Park House, the Tuller House, the Rathbun House, the Conklin House, the Cary House, the Tunnicliff House.
The first post-office in this village was established in 1829, under the administration of General Jackson, as East Richfield. James Hyde was the first postmaster, and held the office twelve years, or until the accession of the Whig party to power under General Harrison in 1841, when he resigned in favor of E. A. Saunders, his deputy, who held the office but a few months, when Horace Man- ley received the regular appointment, and was succeeded by A. R. Ehood in 1842, under the administration of John Tyler. During the time that James Hyde was postmaster, the office was kept in the old American Hotel.
In 1848, Moses Jaques was appointed under James K. Polk; held the office but a few months, when Cyrus Osborn received the appointment, and held the office until 1853, and was succeeded by James S. Davenport. In 1862, Samuel S. Edick received the appointment under Mr. Lincoln, but resigned in 1865 in favor of E. 1. Ilinds, who was duly appointed and still holds the office.
Richfield Springs was incorporated March 30, 1861.
CHAPTER LXVIII.
TOWN OF RICHFIELD-Continued.
Episcopal Church of Brewster's Tavern-St. Luke's Church-Baptist -First Presbyterian-First Universalist-St. John's Church -- >t. Joseph's Church-First Methodist Episcopal Church-lichte.1 Springs Lodge, No. 484. F. and A. M .- Richfield Spring . Clap : F. No. 222-Richfield Springs Seminary.
BREWSTER'S TAVERN EPISCOPAL CHURCH.
THE first church society that was ever formed in the town was the Protestant Episcopal, which was organized at Brews- ter's Tavern in 1799, with Rev. Daniel Nash as pastor. The
300
HISTORY OF OTSEGO COUNTY, NEW YORK.
church edifice was not erected until 1803. It stood north of the old elms, on the Colwell farm. Christopher Colwell donated the lot. An old cemetery still marks the spot, and the names of many of the first settlers may be deciphered from the moss-covered tombstones. A neat iron railing incloses the remains of three of the Farnham family. John, Amasa, and Cyrus Pringle, Timothy Hatch, and Eben Ed- sou were some of the prominent Episcopalians.
The old church was taken down, and in 1832 the new St. Luke's, now standing in the village, was built. Ezra Carey (father of Ezra Carey, Jr., and Mrs. Win. Austin) was one of the prime movers in the enterprise. Ile was a successful and energetic business man, and gave freely for the support of the church. . He died, in the prime of life, the day after the church was raised. Another prominent member was Aaron Dow, who died in 1833, and was the first person buried from the new church .*
BAPTIST CHURCH.
. The old church on the hill west of the village was built, by the united efforts of the Presbyterians and Baptists, in 1804. They occupied it alternately for a time, but it was accidentally burned in 1822. Hon. James Hyde and brother were aetive and influential members of the Presby- terian church. The church was rebuilt by the Baptists near the centre of the village, where it now stands. The first ministers were Elders Hurlburt, Hodges, and Bureh. The present clergyman is Rev. Levi Bury.
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.
The Congregational church of Richfield (now the First Presbyterian) was organized at a meeting of citizens of the town of Richfield, called at the house of Jacob Brewster, in said town, in February, 1803, as the First Congregational society of Richfield. Jabez B. Hyde, Seth Allen, John Woodbury, Obadiah Beardsley, and Martin Luee were the first trustees of said society.
On Sept. 12, 1803, a meeting was held at the house of Benjamin Corbin, in Richfield, at which time this church had its regular ecclesiastical organization. Rev. James Southworth, of Bridgewater, and Rev. John Spencer, of Vernon, assisted at its organization. Ebenezer Curtis was the first moderator and elerk, and Seth Luce first delegate to the association.
The church society was not regularly incorporated until June 11, 1813, at which time the meeting was held (as appears in the minutes) in the "Congregational meeting- liouse," but when said house was built the record does not show. This house was destroyed by fire in 1822 .; The present house of worship, situated in the village of Rich- field Springs, was built about the year 1825, while Rev. Charles Wadsworth was pastor of the church, who is also the first pastor mentioned in the records of the society. In May, 1844, the church withdrew from the Oneida associa- tion, and united with the Otsego presbytery on the accom-
modation plan, and continued in this relation till 1868, when, at a meeting ealled for the purpose, on the 6th day of June, the members of the church resolved by a unanimous vote to change its name from Congregational to Presbyterian. The first ruling elders elected were II. C. Walter, Wm. D. Griffin, John Dana, and Robert Hall. The first deacons were John J. Edick and Pardon K. Hopkins. The follow- ing are the names of the pastors of the church, as nearly as can be aseertained from the imperfeet records, and also the time of their pastorate: Rev. Charles Wadsworth, 1824 to 1830; Rev. D. Van Valkenburg, 1830 to 1844; Rev. W. C. Boyce, 1844 to 1846; Rev. T. B. Jervis, 1846 to 1852; Rev. Henry Boynton, as a temporary supply during the winter of 1852-53.
Rev. Charles Wadsworth, after an absence of about twenty-four years, returned in 1854, and remained till 1858. Mr. M. P. Hill, a student from Auburn seminary, supplied the pulpit during the summer months of 1858 and 1859. Rev. Andrew Parsons, a student from Auburn seminary, was ordained by Otsego presbytery in June, 1860. and remained with the church as its pastor till the spring of 1866.
Rev. F. H. Seeley, a student from Auburn seminary, was ordained by Otsego presbytery in July, 1866, and imme- diately eommeneed his labors in this church, and is still its pastor. All the ministers mentioned in connection with this church, so far as known, are living at this date, except Rev. D. Van Valkenburg, who died, while pastor of the church in Springfield, Nov. 24, 1864, and now rests near the little church in this village, where for so many years his voice was heard proclaiming divine truth.
The chapel eonneeted with this church was built in 1870. at a cost of $1500, which amount was bequeathed to the trustees of the society by the late Amasa Abbott, of War- ren, Herkimer county, who died at the residenee of his nephew, Allen Bloomfield, Jan. 2, 1868, aged sixty-eight years and seven months.
In 1876 the trustees of this society removed the old structure and ereeted a new brick church on the same site, with a chapel attached, at a cost of $12,000. This church is capable of seating 500 persons, and is heated by a wood- furnace in the basement. A bell weighing 1569 pounds was presented to the society, in 1877, by E. R. Collins, Esq., formerly of Troy, N. Y. The present trustees are John E. Dalphin, Martin Goss, J. Frink, N. Getman. P. K. Hopkins, II. C. Walter. Rev. F. II. Seeley is still pastor of the church, 1878.
THE FIRST UNIVERSALIST CHURCH.# .
At a meeting of a number of the inhabitants of Richf. M and the adjoining towns, convened, pursuant to previous publie notice, at the house of Cornelius M. Paul, in the town of Richfield, on May 23, 1833, for the purpose of organizing a Universalist society, organized by choosing the Rev. Jacob Todd moderator, and Tideman It. Gordon elerk. The object of the meeting was then stated from the chair, when a ballot was had, and Davis Brown and Tide- man 11. Gordon were chosen to preside at this election. add
" Rev. Edward Peche, of Richfield Springs, now holis occasional services in the church.
t This church stood in the western part of Monticello village, near the cemetery.
* From the records.
310
HISTORY OF OTSEGO COUNTY, NEW YORK.
to decide on the qualifications of voters. The meeting then proceeded to ballot for five trustees, and, on canvassing the votes, it appeared that Benjamin R. Elwood, James Wilson, George Tuckerman, Davis Brown, and Moses Wheeler re- ceived a unanimous vote, and were duly elected. Tideman H. Gordon was elected clerk, and Benj. R. Elwood treas- urer. The trustees were then classed as follows : first class, Davis Brown, Moses Wheeler; second class, James Wilson, George Tuckerman ; third class, Benj. R. Elwood. The church edifice of the society is a substantial stone structure, and was erected in the year 1833 on grounds presented to the society by Nathan Dow, Esq.
According to the records, Rev. Orrin Roberts preached in this church two Sabbaths in each month, from April, 1834, to March, 1835, inclusive. Rev. L. C. Brown preached one Sunday in each month, from April, 1835, to March, 1836, inclusive. Rev. T. J. Smith engaged to preach one-half the time the ensuing year, commencing in the month of March, 1836. From 1837 to 1861 the following clergymen preached in this church at intervals, viz. : J. S. Kibby, - Belden, J. II. Tuttle, D. C. Tomlinson, W. E. Manley. In the spring of 1862, Rev. S. R. Ward was called as the regular pastor of the church, in which capacity he continued to labor until April, 1873, when he was called to the Second Universalist church of Syracuse. During the pastoral labors of Mr. Ward the church cdifiee was greatly enlarged and beauti- fied, at an outlay of $11,000. Rev. Mr. Cook, of Utica, was pastor in 1873. In the spring of 1877, Rev. S. R. Ward was again called to the pastorate of this church, and is at present its oficiating clergyman. B. A. Weatherbec, Chas. Wilbur, Peter Seeber, Allen Bloomfield, and Isaac Delong are the trustees.
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