USA > New York > Saratoga County > History of Saratoga County, New York : with historical notes on its various towns > Part 24
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UNION FREE SCHOOLS.
Under a special act of the legislature, passed April 12, 1867, the present system of public schools was organized. All school districts or parts of districts were consolidated into the " Union Free School District of Saratoga Springs."
The board of education was constituted of nine members. The law of 1867 named Oliver L. Barbour, Augustus Bockes, and John Shipman as trustees of the first class; Joseph A. Shoudy, Thos. Flannigan, and Aaron Hill, of the second class; and John Woodbridge, John Parlmer, and Charles S. Lester, of the third class.
SEMINARIES AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS.
The first private school opened in the vil- lage of which we have record, was that of Lawyer Blake, as he was called. He was suc- ceeded by Deacon Smith, a graduate of an eastern collage. Then came Mr. Marshall, a Quaker, the author of Marshall's spelling book. After that, from year to year, school was taught in the "old school house" in church street, just north of the old Presbyter- ian meeting house. Then came Miss Dolly Abell, who was emphatically the " Village School Mistress" for many years. Miss Pearce was a veteran teacher in her own house on Federal street. We may also men- tion Rev. Mr. Duncan, Miss Day, Mrs. Streeter, Miss Ashman and latterly Miss Carrie Car- penter, Mrs. Frederick Root, Miss Martha Thompson, and Mrs. Ellen Hardin Walworth as teachers of private schools.
These facts are mostly gleaned from Wm. L. Stone's "Reminniscences of Saratoga."
Of those who taught school for boys were Mr. Elijah K. Bangs in 1836, Mr. Paoli Dur- kee, who opened a classical school for boys in 1849, which he continued till 1858, the Rev. Mr. Proudfit, and in later years, Mr. Robb and the Rev. Mr. Crocker.
Of the private schools that may be men- tioned is that taught by the Misses Shackel- ford and Sands, called Saint Faith's school.
The first boarding and day school for young ladies was opened by the Misses Wayland in 1831, on the south corner of Broadway and Washington. This school became the cele- brated
TEMPLE GROVE SEMINARY.
In 1854 Mr. Carter opened a school for young ladies in a building now a part of Dr. Strong's establishment.
Rev. Luther F. Beecher was associated with him in 1856, when they built the institu- tion at Temple Grove. In 1868 the property was purchased by Charles F. Dowd, the pres- ent owner. He made large additions to the
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building and made it a first-class ladies' sem- inary. In 1869 it was incorporated, becoming subject to the supervision of the Regents of the University of the State. The school is now in vigorous and successful operation (July, 1893).
III .- SOCIETIES. MASONIC.
Rising Sun Lodge was first instituted in the town of Northumberland, in this county, Oc- tober 4, 1808. Nicholas Angle, W. M., Daniel Hick, S. W., and Jonas King, J. W. This lodge must have been working under a dis- pensation at the time, as the charter now in possession of the present lodge bears date of September 6, 1809. Its present number is 103, and it still continues to be a successful and active body.
Rising Sun Chapter, No. 131, Royal Arch Masons; instituted February 2, 1847. Charter officers were : Joseph M. Wheeler, H. P .; D. D. Benedick, K .; Richard M. Allen, S.
Criptic Council, No.7, Royal and Select Mas- ters. Instituted February 1, 1870. The charter officers were : C. S. Holden, T. I. M .; L. B. Putnam, R. I. D. M .; G. H. Gillis, I. P. C.W.
Washington Commandery, No. 33, Knights Templar. Instituted September 14, 1864. The charter members were: Geo. B. Fish, H. A. Van Dorn, L. B. Putnam, W. R. Winshell, T. G. Young, C. E. Durkee, C. H. Brown, Charles Carpenter, R. C. Blackhall, R. H. Walworth, H. V. Sayles, and C. H. Holden. The first eminent commander was Geo. B. Fish.
INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD FELLOWS.
Hathorn Lodge, No. 241, organized in 1887. Saratoga Lodge, No. 15, organized in 1843.
KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS.
Crystal Lodge, No. 183, organized May 19, 1882.
MILITARY COMPANY.
Twenty-second Separate Company, infant- ry, Third brigade, National Guards, State of New York. Saratoga Citizens' corps, organ-
ized March 19, 1878. Armory, Lake avenue. James W. Lester, captain; A. Lewis Hall, first lieutenant.
OTHER SOCIETIES.
Ancient Order of Hibernians, Division No. 4 ; Ancient Order of United Workmen, Put- man Lodge, No. 134, organized March 9, 1877 ; Empire Order Mutual Aid, Saratoga Lodge, No. 167, instituted May 4, 1881 ; Im- proved Order of Red Men, Sar-ag-ho-ga Tribe, No. 165, organized September 25, 1889 ; Royal Arcanum, High Rock Council, No. 652, or- ganized February 14, 1882.
TEMPERANCE ORGANIZATIONS.
Crystal Lodge, No. 512, I. O. G. T., first organized in 1842. Dr. Robert Hamilton Lodge, No. 438, I. O. G. T. United Division, No. 10, S. of T.
YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION.
Organized July 26, 1887. Has free reading rooms and parlors, also gymnasium for mem- bers. D. F. Ritchie, president ; C. L. Haskins, vice-president ; Sidney A. Rickard, treas- urer ; L. A. James, recording secretary ; A. E. Atwater, general secretary ; A. F. Wolf, phys- ical director.
WOMAN'S AUXILIARY, Y. M. C. A. Sarah Wood, president ; Mrs. S. A. Rickard, vice- president ; Agnes Ritchie, secretary and treas- urer.
SARATOGA ATHENAEUM.
C. C. Lester, president ; A. de R. McNair, treasurer ; W. B. French, secretary ; and Eliz- abeth Brazen, librarian.
SARATOGA ATHLETIC CLUB.
Incorporated April 7, 1893. Club house and grounds at Woodlawn avenue, at Wood- lawn oval, Clement avenue and Clinton street. Village office, 10 Arcade. Albert B. Hilton, president ; Wm. Hay Bockes, vice-president ; J. A. Seavey, secretary ; Willard Lester, treas- urer. Board of Governors : Albert B. Hilton, Wm. Hay Bockes, J. A. Seavey, Willard Les- ter, John A. Manning, H. M. Levengston, jr.
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SARATOGA CITIZENS' ASSOCIATION AND BOARD OF TRADE.
Wm. Hay Bockes, president ; George M. Crippen, treasurer ; Thomas Douglas, secre- tary.
SARATOGA RACING ASSOCIATION.
Grounds and race course, Union avenue ; Gottfried Walbaum, president; Paul C. Gren- ing, treasurer.
SARATOGA CLUB.
Organized in January, 1892; building erected in 1893 at 517 Broadway. Hon. James M. Marvin, president ; Col. George P. Lawton, vice president ; Wharton Meehan, secretary ; John C. Shephard, treasurer ; Wm. Manning, Robt. G. Smyth, H. M. Levengston, house committee.
SARATOGA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Wm. A. Shepard, president ; A. de R. Mc- Nair, recording secretary ; N. B. Sylvester, corresponding secretary; Wm. H. Bockes, treasurer.
PRIVATE PARKS.
CONGRESS SPRING PARK.
Congress Spring Co., proprietors. Thomas C. Sheehan, superintendent. Situated at the corner of Broadway and east Congress street. It contains about twenty acres, laid out in flower plots, walks, artificial lake, deer park, and is of itself a gem of beauty, nature vieing with art in forming an enchanting landscape.
WOODLAWN PARK.
Summer residence of the Hon. Henry Hil- ton, contains nearly a thousand acres, laid out in many miles of gravel walks and drives, diversed by lakelets, wooded hills and broad verdant lawns, to which the public has free access with carriages.
To Judge Hilton the lasting gratitude of the citizens of Saratoga and their vast concourse of summer guests is due for the pleasure af- forded by this, Saratoga's greatest attraction.
CONVENTION HALL,
Broadway, near Congress Spring Park, is a magnificent structure, erected by the village,
and completed the present season, and affords as its name indicates, large accommodations for public meetings and conventions of differ- ent kinds.
EXCELSIOR PARK,
Distant a mile east of the village, is a charm- ing resort for pedestrians; laid out in drives, bridle walks, etc.
GUYSER PARK,
Two miles south of the village, is reached by the electric railway. Through it runs the Co-e-sa creek, as the Indians called it; also a pleasant resort.
BANKS.
First National Bank, organized in 1852 ; cap- ital, $125,000; Hon. Augustus Bockes, presi- dent ; Hon. John R. Putnam, vice-president ; William H. Bockes, cashier ; John C. Shep- herd, paying teller ; Waldo L. Rich, receiving teller.
Citizens' National Bank, organized in 1881; capital, $ 100,000; Hon. John Foley, president ; William T. Rockwood, vice-president ; J. H. De Ridder, cashier ; William H. Waterbury, teller.
BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS.
Home of the Good Shepherd, State street, corner of Greenfield avenue. St. Christina Home, Ballston avenue. Home for Children. Emergency Hospital, Division street.
IV. - WATER SUPPLY.
The earliest successful attempt to supply wa- ter by means of pipes and conduits to the village of Saratoga Springs, was made in 1832 by Dr. John Clark.
Dr. Clark erected a tower about fifty feet high, in what is now Congress Spring Park. By means of pumps he raised the water to a reservoir on the top of this tower. From thence it passed into wooden pipes or water logs made of pine, having a two-inch bore, which were laid throughout the village.
In 1847 a large reservoir was built at Green- field, about two miles from the village of Sara- toga Springs. Iron pipes lined with cement
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were connected with this, and the village was thus supplied with water.
In 1866 an act of the legislature amending the charter of Saratoga Springs was passed, which also had reference to the establishment of competent water facilities.
This act was amended several times in later years, and finally resulted in the establishment of the present system of water works, which is known as the Holly system.
The distinguishing feature of this plan is that it throws the water directly into the pipes. A large double Holly engine is used in the works, having a capacity of one hundred and fifty horse power. There are two large water wheels, one sixty inch and one thirty inch, which are run by a thirty foot head of water, the surplus water from the lake being used about one-third of the year to run the works, instead of steam.
The variation in the elevation of the streets of the village above the pumps is from forty- one to one hundred and thirty feet. There are twenty-six miles of pipe laid throughout the village, and one hundred and thirty-three double-nozzle hydrants. There are two hun- dred and ten gates in the various pipes. The water was formerly taken from the canal, but not proving satisfactory, pipes were laid to the middle of Loughberry lake, one hundred and fifty feet from the shore, and the water is taken twelve feet from the surface and is eleven feet from the bottom of the lake.
The works were first set in motion July 10, 1871, and cost two hundred and fifty thousand dollars.
FIRE DEPARTMENT.
Central Fire station, 541 and 543 Broadway.
Fire Commissioners: William H. Granger, president; chief engineer, Charles F. See; as- sistant engineer, John Fleming; foremen, Daniel H. Clement, Charles H. Morrison, Martin V. Burnham, Charles R. Snider, Fred E. Isbell, William E. Ourkerdick. Fire alarm telegraph headquarters, Central station, Wm. J. Fitzgerald, superintendent.
CEMETERIES.
Greenridge Cemetery .- Lincoln avenue. Opened in 1844, and is the property of the village of Saratoga Springs.
Maplewood Cemetery Association .- Organ- ized in 1885. Situate on Spring avenue, near Mansion. House.
New Greenridge Cemetery Association .- Organized in 1880. Office, 506 North Broad- way.
St. Peter's Catholic Cemetery .- Situated in the southwestern limits of the village. Office, 243 Broadway.
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC.
Luther M. Wheeler Post, No. 92, organized October II, 1877. James B. Mckean Post, No. 498, organized May 1, 1891.
Sons of Veterans, Col. Wm. B. French Camp, No. 184.
V. - SARATOGA SPRINGS.
The town of Saratoga Springs was set off from the town of Old Saratoga April 9, 1819. It occupies a nearly central position in the county. Its surface is rolling and moderately hilly, and it contains 16,618 acres.
EARLY SETTLEMENT.
Amos Stafford was the pioneer in the neigh- borhood of the bridge that bears his name. The old gun with which Amos Stafford, the pioneer, is said to have killed wolves enough to pay for his farm with the bounty earned, is in the hands of Samuel Stafford, his grandson, of Geneva, Wisconsin. With this pioneer family may be appropriately mentioned the three brothers, John, Henry, and Nicholas Wagman. Mention may also be made of Amos Peck and Giles Slocum as pioneers near the Staffords.
Benjamin French was the earliest pioneer in the southeast part of the town.
Jonathan Ramsdill, about 1802, settled on what is now the Ramsdill property at the lake, of whom Nelson Ramsdill, proprietor of the Kenmore, is a grandson.
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David Abell was a pioneer as early perhaps as 1790. Among other pioneers was the Jewell family of three brothers : Asa, William, and Stotts.
Among other pioneers were Pardon Fish, Thomas Arnold, John Eddy, Zachariah Curtis, Benjamin Avery, Foster Whitford, Daniel Rogers, Robert Ellis, John and Jerry Cady, Eleazer Carragan, Joseph Cook, who settled near what is now Guyserville.
BURIAL GROUNDS.
The Cady Hill burial ground is situated west of Cady hill.
The Whitford burial ground is the main one in the town away from Saratoga Springs.
The Jewell burial place is on the present farm of Thomas B. Carroll, a little north of Saratoga lake.
The Abell burial ground is on a beautiful elevation between the family mansion and the lake.
The Stafford burial ground, though just be- yond the line of the town, may be appropri- ately mentioned here.
CHAPTER III.
BALLSTON SPA AND THE TOWN OF BALLSTON- (Historical Notes Continued.)
I .- GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION.
The village of Ballston Spa was incorporated March 21, 1807. It lies mostly in the town of Milton, the shire town of the county, the south- ern part being in the town of Ballston.
The village is situated at the head of the lower valley of Kay-ad-er-ros se-ra river. This valley, which extends from Ballston Spa east- erly, following the tortuous course of the stream until it falls into Saratoga lake, is one of extreme beauty. Like the far-famed valley of Raselas in the classic eastern story of Dr. Johnson, this was the "happy valley" of the Mohawk hunting bands.
In Indian tradition many a thrilling legend has its scene laid in this " valley of the crooked stream." From the opening of spring to about the first of February, when they went home to celebrate the "feast of the white dog,"-their new year's festival, the Mohawk braves made this valley the ground of their hunting lodges. Through this valley also ran the old Indian trail, which led from the Mohawk valley to Lake Champlain and the St. Lawrence. It is the classic land of Indian story, made im- mortal by Cooper, Irving, Peter Calm and La Rochefoucauld.
II. - EARLY SETTLEMENTS.
In the early summer of 1771 some surveyors employed by the commissioners appointed to survey and partition among its thirteen pro- prietors the great patent of Kay-ad-er-ros-se-ra, while engaged in running the north line of the five mile square, now the line between the towns of Milton and Ballston, discovered what has since been known as the Public spring. But it was not until about the year 1787, nearly twenty years after their discovery, that any improvement was made at these springs. In the meantime, however, these springs were much frequented by traveling parties, and by the early settlers of the town of Ballston, who mostly located a mile or more to the southwest of them, but no one built near them any struc- ture larger than a temporary log hut or bark shanty for a summer camping place. A rude trough was dug out of a log near by, in which the spring water was used for bathing pur- poses, and a gourd shell, hung on a tree, was the only convenience for drinking.
THE FIRST SETTLERS .
About the year 1790 a new era dawned upon Ballston Spa. In the year 1787 Benajah Douglas, father of Stephen A. Douglas, the "little giant" of the presidential campaign of 1860, came from Lebanon to settle at Balls- ton Spa. For those days Douglas built in that year (1787) a commodious log tavern
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near the public spring. He purchased a farm of one hundred acres adjoining the Spring on the west, upon which he built his tavern and opened it for the accommodation of summer visitors. He also built a small frame house near by for the use of people who came there with their own victuals.
About the same year Micajah Benedict opened a tavern and took boarders, one mile south of the Springs.
In the year 1792 Douglas, who the year before had taken a deed for his one hundred acres, built what was then considered a large frame house, it being thirty by forty feet in size, with a kitchen added.
In the year 1792 Nicholas Low also built a house of the same size on his land lying east of the public spring, and adjoining the lot of Douglas.
In addition to these, Salmon Tryon built on the hill south of the spring a log house, to which he added a small frame with one large room only, and a bed room. To these buildings Tryon added a store for the sale of dry goods and groceries. The houses of Doug- las and Low were not completed till the summer of 1793. In that year a Mr. Merrill took and kept the house of Mr. Low, but neither of the houses did much business the first season. It was not until the next year, 1794, that the great tide of summer travel set in toward Ballston Spa.
But those six years of superior accommo- dations afforded by Ballston Spa before Gid- eon Putnam built Union Hall at Saratoga, would doubtless have placed Ballston Spa in the front rank of watering places, and had not her springs been afterward through nat- ural or artificial causes nearly lost.
The house built by Mr. Low afterward passed into the hands of the brothers McMas- ters, who built large additions to it.
Not long after Douglas finished his house, in the year 1795, lie sold his farm to Joseph Wescott, upon whose death it passed into the hands of Mr. Aldridge, who built extensive
additions, and kept it for many years with great success.
In the year 1801 Stephen H. White built an addition to a small house which had been put up two years before, and the year follow- ing he built the east, and in 1807 the west wing of his large boarding house, which after his death was kept by his widow many years.
In the year 1803 Nicholas Low erected the spacious and, for those days, the elegant hotel called by him the Sans Scouci, after a famous one visited by him in Europe.
The house on the Douglas property was on the site of Henry A. Mann's place, and the farm extended back on the uplands.
The Clark house stood just where the rail- road now crosses, also the Flint hotel, not far from the Aldridge House.
In 1809 most of the stores were on the flat. Among the early merchants, Ebenezer White, Joel Lee, Samuel Smith, and Archibald Kidd were merchant tailors.
There was a grist mill built about 1800 by Hezekiah Middlebrook. Another mill was built in later times, known as the Red mill.
The first source of the prosperity of the vil- lage was the springs, which in time declined, as already mentioned. Joshua Jennings re- lates that Joshua B. Aldridge predicted the ruin of the main spring, if any attempt was made to dig it over and retube it, and to those commencing the work he protested. Said he: " My house is full of boarders ; you might as well tear it down and destroy my business that way, as to tamper with the spring."
The permanent prosperity of Ballston was finally assured by other means than the springs. One of these causes was the erection of the county buildings on Ballston hill, and making Ballston the county seat. Another permanent . source of prosperity is the excellent water power derived from the Kayaderrossera river, furnishing facilities for large manufacturing interests. Through these and other influences the village has progressed in population and in conveniences for business and for pleasure
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until there are few finer places of residence in the State. The plan of this work'does not per- mit of mention of other than the earliest settlers.
III. - CHURCHES.
CHRIST'S CHURCH - EPISCOPAL.
The first Episcopal service at Ballston Spa was held in the spring of 1791, by Mr. Ami Rogers, of Bradford, Connecticut, a lay reader, under the supervision of Rev. Mr. Ellison, of Albany.
Mr. Rogers was advanced to the priest- hood October 19, 1794. Christ's church was first located at Ballston Center, and Mr. Rogers was its first pastor. The Parish of Christ's church was organized in 1787, and in 1792 the first church edifice was erected, a little south of Ballston Center. In 1810 a parish was organ- ized at Ballston Spa, under the name of St. Peter's church, with Rev. Joseph Perry as rector. In 1817 the two churches were con- solidated into one society, which received the name of Christ's Church of Ballston Spa. The church edifice at Ballston Center was taken down and moved to the village and erected on a lot adjoining the old county clerk's office. In 1860 the corner stone of the present edifice was laid, and it was completed in the next two years.
THE BAPTIST CHURCH OF BALLSTON SPA.
The first organization of the Baptist church was in 1791. The congregation met in a school house south of the village until the year 1802. The first meeting-house was built about the year 1800, and occupied a part of the ground where the present cemetery is located until about 1820, when it was removed to the spot just west of the railroad depot, where the water tank now stands. The present church edifice was built in 1837. In the year 1800 Rev. Elias Lee was called to the pastorate of the church.
In 1805 the Saratoga Baptist association was formed, and this church was made one of the constituent members.
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.
The first Presbyterian church was organized in 1834. The church edifice was erected in 1835, and dedicated in November of that year. A parsonage was bought in 1856.
In 1860 Samuel H. Cook built a neat chapel on Milton street at an expense of about six hundred dollars, for the use of the society. The first pastor was the Rev. James Wood.
METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.
This church was organized in 1836, Revs. Elisha Andrews and William H. Backus were the first ministers. They first worshipped in the old academy, so called. Their first house of worship was erected in 1836, and the pres- ent one in 1846. It has at various times been enlarged and improved. A new Methodist Episcopal church is now in course of erection.
CATHOLIC CHURCH.
Catholic services were held by various pas- tors of the church as early as 1849, in which year Father Haverman celebrated mass on Ash Wednesday. The meetings were held in the old Methodist meeting house, which the Catholics purchased. The corner stone of the present house was laid in December, 1859, under the pastorate of Father Cull. The Catholic cemetery was purchased in the year 1865, and consecrated with appropriate cere- monies.
CENTENNIAL HALL.
This hall was finished in the year 1876, and is a neat and ornamental building, devoted to free discussions on religious matters. It was built by citizens favoring modern spiritualism, and its platform is occupied from time to time by speakers upon that subject.
IV. - SCHOOLS.
The earliest school was opened about the year 1800, and kept in what was the first Bap- tist church. This was followed in a few years by the large two-story building known for so many years as the academy. This stood in
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what is now Science street, near the railroad. In the year 1836 two district school houses were built, one on Malta avenue, and the other on High street.
This system was succeeded by the Ballston Spa Union school district, organized April 17, 1870. The first board of education consisted of the following citizens : Hiro Jones, presi- dent ; Neil Gilmour, clerk ; E. H. Chapman, B. F. Baker, C. N. McClew, E. Parkenson, J. B. Cheydleu, and John Lee, treasurer.
OTHER SCHOOLS.
In 1849 John W. Fowler opened at Ballston Spa the State and National Law school in the Sans Scouci hotel. He opened it with a full corps of competent professors, and secured abundant patronage. This school had a short and brilliant career, numbering among its graduates some of the best men of the State and nation.
In 1846 Rev. Deodatus Babcock opened and carried on a school for several years. He was succeeded by Mr. Seeley.
There was also a ladies' seminary, from 1822 to 1835, in charge of Lebbeus Booth, a gentleman of classical culture and a success- ful teacher. This school was located on High street.
The private school kept by Rev. James Gil- more, opened in 1856, was a valuable acquisi- tion to the educational facilities of Ballston Spa. The school building was on Pleasant street, and was burned down twice, and then abandoned.
The Rev. D. W. Smith was principal of a school in the old Sans Scouci.
The parish school of Christ's church, Balls- ston Spa, was organized in May, 1850, under the rectorship of Rev. George Jarvis Geer, and placed under the care of Miss Mary R. Smith as teacher.
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