USA > New York > Schoharie County > History of Schoharie County, New York : with illusustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 9
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While we have poorly delineated the cause of the distress and anguish experienced, we cannot but feel our blood boil for revenge, and willingly excuse the hatred felt by the old veterans to- wards their tormentors. These trials whisper to our better judgments to prize more highly our political privileges, as well as our domestic safety and happiness.
The personal anguish cannot be told. The hearts that were pierced by those tragical acts only could tell in their painful beatings. Yet they are transcribed upon the "book of life" by the finger of the true God, which the pen of man cannot erase or excuse, and for which, trembling souls of tyrants must answer before the bar of the knowing Judge.
Not content, another demon in human form emerged from the Mohawk valley, like a vul- ture, with a horde of nearly five hundred In- dians and Tories and pounced upon the settle- ment of Currytown, in Montgomery County on the roth of July, 1781, under Captain John Dock- stader. After their usual depredations of murder- ing, burning and plundering, they resumed their march and encamped for the night near Sharon
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HISTORY OF SCHOHARIE COUNTY.
Centre. The gallant Willet of Oriskany fame becoming apprised by scouts of the enemy's presence at once set out with a much smaller force and gained a position at their front, with- out their knowledge.
Arousing the Indian camp.early in the morn- ing of the 11th, by sending a scout to intimidate them, they were led into an ingenious trap and from all sides received a volley that told upon their numbers. The superior military skill of Willet over Dockstader, and the unequalled bravery of his men, after a fight of two hours, put the enemy to flight.
Willet and his men, thoroughly aroused, fol- lowed them a distance of three miles with con- tinued firing and caused many of them to make sudden departures to the spirit land. His own loss was but five killed, that of the enemy over sixty. Unfortunate would it have been for Johnson and Brant the year before, if Willet had VanRensselaer's command.
Beside the invasions already alluded to, small bands of Indians usually led by Tories, from time to time appeared here and there, and took many prisoners. George Warner Jun., son of the " committee man," of Cobleskill, was taken in July, 1782, by Crysler, and his father and brother Nicholas, in December following by Seth's Henry and several Indians. Alsothe day before the capture of George Warner, Jun., the same band appeared upon Fox's creek, in the present town of Wright, and burned the resi- dence and other buildings of Jacob Zimmer, killed his son Jacob, and one Hoever, beside taking John Snyder, and Henry Becker pris- oners.
Early in the year 1781, the inhabitants of Scho- harie and Cobleskill that were living some dis- tance from either of the three forts-for their bet- ter protection erected three block-houses, where they might resort each night for safety, with- out traveling several miles and being exposed to inurder or capture. The first was built a short distance east of Cobleskill, the second at Kneis- kern's dorf, and the third at Hartman's, equal distances from the middle and lower forts. Each was enclosed by pickets, within which huts were built by private families, as at the main forts. The one at Cobleskill was built under the instruction of Colonel Deboise, a regular,
in command at the lower fort, and was named after him.
In November, 1781, a party came to the valley of Schoharie by the Southern route, and was supposed to be led by Brant, for the pur- pose of assisting the family of Adam Crysler to remove to Canada. But we are satisfied that it was not the intention of the invaders and that they were not commanded by Brant. Crys- ler made his report in December, 1781, and this invasion is the last one of which he speaks. It says :-
" Sep. 28 received Col. Johnson's instructions to proceed with a party of Aughquagas &c con- sisting of 28 men to Schohaire on the 10th of November when we came to Schohary we killed one man near the fort and drove off 50 head horned cattle a number of horses and burnt two houses. On our retreat the Rebels turned out with a party consisting of 30 men in pursuit of us. They overtook us about four miles from . the fort and began to fire on us, upon which we returned the fire and killed one of their men on which they retreated and I went on with the cattle. The next morning the Rebels turned out the second time with 150 men and overtook us about twenty-three miles from the fort, upon which we had another skirmish and killed four of their men and some wounded, they retreated at the same time. We lost all the cattle, up- on which I had a consultation with the In- dians and they concluded not to pursue the Rebels since we were all safe and they too strong for us but make the best of our way to Niagara where we arrived on the 11th Decem- ber and have since that time done the -duties ordered me with satisfaction and spirit."
The object of the invasion, by the foregoing would seem to be for supplies to subsist the army upon. At all other invasions, the cattle were not driven away, but a few killed and a portion of their meat taken. The report agrees with the author Simms' account of the invasion as far as regards the skirmishes. The man that was killed near the fort was Isaac Vroman, father of Peter.
Seth's Henry was also in this party, and as Simms says, "dispatched his victim with a war-club, cut his throat, and with the bloody knife added another notch on the club, to the
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INVASION OF 1781.
record of the many scalps he had taken in the war, after which he laid it on the body of the murdered man and left him." "This Schoharie chief " continues the same author, "left a war club in the same neighborhood some time be- fore, which recorded a most startling account of his prowess and cruelty."
The first skirmish was upon Bouck's Island and Richard Haggidorn was mortally wounded, and one of the Tories also was found near a few days after, supposed to have been killed at that time. The pursuing party returned to the fort and "Col. Vroman dispatched Cap. Ha- ger " says Simms, " with fifteen or twenty Scho- harie rangers, and a company of eastern troops, numbering about Sixty men under Capt. Hale. The command of the Americans was given to Capt. Hager, who, taking two or three days provisions moved up the river. The enemy as was afterwards ascertained, numbered between Sixty and Seventy, Indians and tories, under the command of Brant and Crysler."
The enemy was pursued to and found at or near the lake in the town of Jefferson, and as the same author says " on arriving at the lake, the road which was little more than an Indian footpath, ran along its margin. A ridge of land extended nearly to the lake where the Ameri- cans were approaching, and as they were rising the eminence, the enemy who were concealed near its summit, discharged upon them a volley of balls. The instant they fired, Capt. Hager commanded Hale who was marching in the rear to ' Flank to the right and march on.' Hager intended to bring the enemy between his com- mand and the lake, but Hale instead of obey- ing the order, faced to the right about, and fol- lowed by his men with but one noble exception retreated in double quick time.
" Brant and his destructives seeing the cow- ardly retreat of Hale and his men advanced to meet Hager, who was left with less than twenty men to resist a force more than triple his own. The little band had taken to trees and were be- ginning to return the enemy's fire at the time Hale retreated, but seeing that they must soon be entirely surrounded if they attempted to maintain their position, their brave leader or- dered a retreat. On leaving the ground they were necessarily exposed to the fire of the ene-
my and Sacket, a Bostonian (the exception to Hale's men) sealed his bravery with his blood, as did Joachim Van Valkenburgh, one of Capt. Hager's followers. Joseph, a brother of Cap. Hager was also wounded severely in the right shoulder, but the ball was extracted and he subsequently recovered.
"Capt. Hager with Murphy still at his side then ran to overtake the cowardly Hale, and after a chase of about five hundred yards over- took him; as both of them gained his front they placed the muzzles of their rifles at his breast and the Captain in a voice of thunder exclaimed ' Attempt to run another step and you are a dead man.
" Having restored order and infused a share of his own fearless spirit in his ranks Capt. Hager was about to renew the pursuit as Col. Vro- man arrived upon the ground with forty men drawn from the lower fort. After a short con- sultation the chase was continued, but still in ignorance as to the enemy's numbers. After proceeding about two miles and losing all trace of their footsteps, they having left the usual path for some unknown route, the pursuit was abandoned and the troops returned to Schoha- rie."
Various scouts were sent out from time to time and other small invasions made, but to speak of them here would but draw the interest from individual town history. The main incur- sions affecting the greatest numbers, casting a gloom over the greatest extent of territory we have drawn from Crysler's report and our local historian-Simms' "Border Wars." It was that author's fortune to communicate with many of the actors of the Revolution, themselves and the country's fortune that he embraced those opportunities of learning facts relating to that struggle that would have been lost forever.
One regret we harbor however, that the au- thor was not equally a master of the pencil as well as of the pen, to sketch the portraits of those sturdy ones ere they passed away and crumhled to dust.
They would have been precious mementoes to hand down to future generations, as well as to embellish their history's pages. But we will not complain. Their patriotism we have recorded, for which all futurity is indebted to that author's
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HISTORY OF SCHOHARIE COUNTY.
foresight. With a few individual encounters within the County, hostilities closed and peace was proclaimed in 1783.
Many of the Tories and Indians returned to their former homes, but the patriots' ire was aroused at the sight of them, and many mys- teriously disappeared, especially Indians. Seth's Henry, the most venomous of the race, whose tomahawk and knife had done greater service in their unholy work, than any other, it was thought, felt the stinging power of an unerring bullet, while others were quietly wafted away by more unexplained accidental causes. Many of the Tories, whose bloody trail could be dis- cerned, were victims of abuses in the form of whippings and other feeling rebuffs.
The property of that class was confiscated, which comprised whole neighborhoods in a few instances. Many sought Canada again, while a few remained to receive the jeerings of the peo- ple, and lived to be shunned by all.
We were fortunate to find in the possession of Henry Cady, (a descendant of Colonel Peter Vroman,) the well preserved muster-roll, bearing the date of 1782, which we here copy.
Many of those whose names are upon it, were active loyalists through the war, and why they were retained upon the list, we are unable to tell. It includes all that were liable to military duty in the whole Schoharie settlement, and will give an idea of the sparse population of the territory.
It will be observed that the name of Becker is spelled differently in the roll, as Becker and Baeker. The former were of High, and the lat- ter of Low Dutch ancestry, although we believe a mistake was made in giving more Backers than there were in the valley. Quite probably the writer was Low Dutch, and spelled the nanie as he pronounced it. In regard to the Low Dutch branch, the reader is referred more par- ticularly to the chapter upon events of " Middle- burgh," as they located in that town, while the High Dutch settled in the present town of Wright.
No. 1 .- Mathice Schults, Lieutenant, Jacob Schultes, William Schultes, Mathice Schultes, Jun., Stophel Warner, Stophel Warner, Jun., Mathice Warner, Jun., Jost Scheffer, Rudolph Cassman, Richard Schelmedien, Christian Buck- en, Jury Pestshals, Peter Engel, Jacob Engel, Jacob Post, Phillip Steinbergh.
No. 2 .- William Zimmer, Peter Witeman, William Witeman, Jacob Witeman, Jun., Adem Witeman, Isaac Larrawey, Jacob Larrawey, Hendrick Dalle, Peter Zimmer, William Ball, William Snyder, Hendrick Ball, Jury Schribner, Christian Sant, Johannis Delrig, John Low.
No. 3 .- Jacobus Deitz, Adem Deitz, Adem Deitz, Jun., Hendryck Deitz, Jury Ball, Hen- drick Crosspile, Counrate Swarts, William Be- craft, Jun., Francis Becraft, Johannis Eker, Nicolas Eker, Johannis Cher, Jun., Peter Sny- der, John Tomson, Charles Hetlig, Jacob Heflig.
No. 4 .- Jacob Heger, Captain, Hendrick He- ger, Jun., Johannis Heger, Peter Heger, Dre- drick Becker, William Bouck, Christian W. Bouck, William W. Bouck, Hendrick Bouck, Michel Brown, Pieter J. Vroman, Adem J. Vro- man, Harmanus Barnhart, Phillip Barnhart, Johannis I. Bouck.
No. 5 .- Cornelius Feak, Lieutenant, Jacob Feak, Nicolas Feak, Johannes Feak, Peter Feek, Timothe Murphy, Hendrick Hagedorn, Barthelmeus Hagedorn, Johannis Hagedorn, Samuel Hagedorn, Adem Hagedorn, Abrahem J. Becker, Adem Brown, Jacob I. Becraft, Coun- rate Mathice, Hendrick Mathice.
No. 6 .- Peter Swart, Ensign, Martines Van Slyck, Lawrance Swart, John Whiliber, William Bouck, Jr., Nicelas Bouck, Lawrance Bouck, Frederick Mathice, Nicelas I. Mattice, George Mathice, Johannis Lawyer, Johannis Mathice, Adem Mathice, Peter A. Vroman, Johannis Tingmier.
No. 7 .- Christian Stubrach, Captain, John Grenadier, Johannis Richter, Jacob Merkel, Nickelos Merkel, Jost Falk, Jost Sidney, Hen- drick Sidney, Peter Sidney, Harmanus Sidney, Hendrick Stubrach, Barent Stubrach, Jacob Hil- singer, Jacob Granedier.
No. 8 .- Johannis Dietz, Lieutenant, William Dietz, John Jost Dietz, Nicelas Sternbergh, Lambert Sternbergh, Jun., Davit Sternbergh. Abrahem Sternbergh, Jacob Sternbergh, Lode- wick Breemer, George Phillip Snyder, William Ecker, Thomas J. Eckerson, John Kniskern, Jacob Kniskern, John Russway.
No. 9 .- Peter Ball, Quarter-master, Johannis Ball, Mathice Ball, Harek Braymen, Hendriek Houck, Jun., Hendrick Houck, George Bien- hart, Hendrick Merkel, Johannis Merkel, Jacob
53
SCHOHARIE COUNTY MUSTER-ROLL.
Enders, Peter Enders, Johannis Enders, Hen- drick Werth, Jacob Van Dyck, John Hess.
No. 10 .- John Enders, Ensign, Jacob Enders, William Enders, Jun., Major Jost Becker, Jo- hannis Hott, George Schelman, Johannis Becker. Jacob Becker, William Becker, Jacob) Zimmer, Jacob Schoolcraft, George Becker, Adem Zimmer, Hendrick Hitsman, Johannis Hitsman.
Vo. 11 .- Peter Snyder, Jun., Lieutenant, Lambert Sternbergh, Jury Snyder, Michel Hil- singer, Johannis Hilsinger, Michel Hilsinger, Jun., William Enders, Peter Enders, Johannis Finck, Peter Finck, William Finck, Peter Hil- singer, Peter Mann, William Mann, John Dom- inick.
No. 12 .- Jacob Snyder, Lieutenant, Phillip Bergh, Abrahem „Bergh, Phillip Bergh, Jun., Adem Vroman, Peter Vroman, Jun., Johannis Eckessen, Cornelius J. Eckerson, Joseph Van- Ingen, Jury Ecker, Jost Kniskern, Phillip Schkyler, John Schyler, Simeon Schuyler, Col- onel Peter Vroman.
No. 13 .- Laurance Schoolcraft, A. D., Peter Schoolcraft, Teunis Swart, Jacob Money, Phil- lip Van Alen, John Jacob Werth, Johannes Worth, Peter Snyder, Johannis Snyder, Hen- drick Scheneman, George Hills, Stophel Hills, Johannis Rickerd, Marcus Rickerd.
No. 14 .- Johannis J. Lawyer, Lieutenant, Johannis Lawyer, Jacob Lawyer, Jun., Abra- hem Lawyer, Peter Lawyer, Lambert Lawyer, Casper Storet, Johannes Lawyer, Jun., Jacob F. Lawyer, Jacob Lawyer, Nicholas Lawyer, Davit Lawyer, Hendrick Hanes, Jacob Hanes, Hendrick Hanes, Jr.
No. 15-George Richtmier, Captain, Coun- rate Brown, Stophel Redich, Davit Lee, Sto- phel Warner, Johannis Enpolt, Teunis Scheffer, Johannes T. Scheffer, Marcus Scheffer, Philip Borst, Nicholas Rickerd, Jury Rickerd, Thomas Booth, Jost Schell, Christian Schell, Henry Counrate, Jun., Hendricus Scheffer.
No. 16 .- Johannis L. Belleger, Ensign, Jost Lee, Antony Brentner, Jacob Jacobse, Johan- nis Borst, Martines Borst, William Loucks, Jurimy Loucks, Andries Loucks, Johannes Bouck, Thomas Bouck, Davit Bouck, Nicelas Bouck, Cornelius Bouck, Jost Ecker, Counrate Counrate.
No. 17 .- Martines N. Zielle, Lieutenant, Thomas Eckessen, Cornelius Eckessen, Major Thomas Eckesson, Jr., Tennis Eckessen, Jr., John Eckessen, Jun , Teunis Eckessen, John T. Eckensen, Joseph Barner, William Lake, Col. Peter N. Zielle, l'eter VanSlyke, Barrent Vro- man, Johannis Janekson, Hendrich Janekson.
No. 18 .- Albertus Becker, Jun., Johannis S. Becker, Harmanuus Becker, Abrahem Becker, Johannis A. Becker, Storm Becker, Jun., Cor- nelius Van Dyck, John Van Dyck, Johannis Borst, Jun., Martines Pick, Peter U. Zielle, Jun., Peter U. P. Zielle, Peter Becker, Johan- nis D. Becker, Hendrick Courate.
Vo. 19. - Martines Vroman, Lieutenant, Al- burtus Becker, Johannes Alb Becker, Johan- nis Becker, Johannis J. Becker, Davit Becker, Jr., Jacob Borst, Jun., Marcus Belleger, Johan- nis M. Belinger, Lawrance Lawyer, Abrahem Lawyer, Conrate Ingmier, Hendrick Borst, Jo- hannis Bellinger, Marcus Bellinger, Jun.
No. 20 .- Nicelas Warner, Ensign, Christian Brown, Captain, Peter Scheffer, Lendert Chur- sigh, Jacob Scheffer, William Brown, Johannis Bouck, Jr., Jacob Bouck, Peter Bouck, Jost Scheffer, Davatt Scheffer, Adem Scheffer, Hen- drick Scheffer, Jun., Michel Huningh. Stophel Huningh, Johannis Huningh.
No. 21 .- Hendrick Borst, Lieutenant, Baltus Borst, Jost Borst, Johannis Borst, Hendrick Scheffer, Lawrance Lawyer, Jr., Peter Scheffer, Jr., Lambert Scheffer, Johannis Scheffer, Michel Borst, Jacob Foster, Adem Scheffer, William Snyder, Michel Frymier, Davet Frymier, Phillip Lergher.
No. 22 .- John Myers, Lieutenant, Daniel McColme, John Couch, Ellexander McColme, Michel Richter, Nicelas Richter, Hendryck Richter, Lodenick Snyder, Phillip Snyder, Hen- dryck Snyder, Davit Carsson, John Humphry, Benjamen Humphrey, Peter Kniskern, Barent Kniskern, Alexander McDayle, Relph Wertley.
No. 23 .- John Casade, Sergeant, George Hat- sel, Johannis Baeker, Abraham Brewer, Peter Brewer, James Morran, James Humphrey, Peter Young, Andrew Young, Phillip Sneyder, Jr., William McCatrick, Michel Hittser, Charles Werhley, Daniel Vanathwerp, John Vanantwep, Andrew Young, Jr., Peter Vanantwerp, William Ricket.
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HISTORY OF SCHOHARIE COUNTY.
As we have made mention, large quantities of grain, chiefly wheat, were sent from the Scho- harie settlements to the army for its subsistence. The Committee of Safety superintended its transportation, which was accomplished with wagons and sleighs.
Several teams would be sent to Albany at a time and if other means were not at hand to send the produce on to different points where needed, the same teams were employed to carry it on, and it was not uncommon for them to draw produce to Fort George, Fort Edward, Fishkill and Newburgh. Washington once wrote after Johnson's invasion, "The settle- inents of Schoharie which alone was able to fur- nish Eighty thousand bushels of grain for public use," which seems incredible considering the small part of the territory that was under culti- vation.
The fact became well known throughout the army and the Eastern States, of the adaptability of the soil to wheat growing and led many of the veterans and others to settle within the ter- ritory immediately after peace was proclaimed. The greatest influx was from 1781 to 1800, principally from Connecticut, Massachusetts and New Jersey, who turned their labors and inge- nuity to establish homes for themselves.
When the dark, pall-like cloud that had hung over the country so long was removed, the exul- tation of the people in these frontier settlements must have been great. No longer were they compelled to guard each step with the expecta- tion that the coming hour or moment would find them mangled corpses or tortured prisoners, or fearful of witnessing their homes fall by the torch of the maddened enemy. Peace must have been a sweet angel to them as she spread her pinions over the land. Prosperity followed in her train, making the very hills and valleys resound with her exultant shouts. Forests once more began to fall before the sturdy and deter- mined strokes of the pioneers. Order and con- tentment reigned where confusion and fear had damped the progress of every thing.
The present territory of Schoharie County from 1772 to 1791 was included in Albany and Tryon or Montgomery counties, but upon the formation of Otsego in the latter year that portion which belonged to Montgomery was
added to it. Those counties being large it be- came necessary to subdivide them and the Eighteenth Legislature while setting in the city of New York formed the present Schoharie County.
Many blood-curdling tales have been told and written of incidents that occurred during the Revolution, that we are led to believe were fabrications. That acts were committed by the blood-thirsty Tories too heinous to be charged to human beings we have ample proof, but many such were highly overdrawn by differ- ent chroniclers, and even by the Tories them- selves, after the war closed. The majority of that class were intemperate, and in their drunk- en sprees often boasted of infernal acts, but not without public castigations from the vic- torious patriots whose anger and hatred were instantly aroused at their recital. One story was often repeated by various ones, intimating that they themselves were the actors in the fiendish drama.
A party of Indians and one Tory entered a house and murdered the husband and father, and an Indian approached the cradle in which lay an infant, for the purpose of killing it, but the babe saw the glistening tomahawk and smiled, which so softened the Indian's heart that he relented and left it unhurt. The Tory saw the Indian's timidity and stepped up to the cradle, and with his bayonet picked it up as if the little body were an inanimate mass. With an exulting laugh he held the little form-strug- gling in its death throes-before its mother's eyes, and exclaimed to his companions, as she cried out in anguish, "See the old cow bellow for its calf!" This story was often repeated by William Monk and by the Caselman family of the Mohawk valley, and various other ones, each claiming the honor(?) of being the fiend. We have traced each family's story and find they are fabrications. The story is an old one, repeated during and after the old French war. Several years ago we found an old print, nearly ruined, in which was a picture representing the cruel deed of the Tory, with a long, harrowing article following, which began by stating it oc- curred " during the French war." Various other tales of like character have been sent afloat as Revolutionary reminiscences without
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LOCAL INCIDENTS.
any more foundation than the one noticed, and we can but love to think they are untrue, and would that none such stained our history with innocent blood drawn by incarnate fiends, much less that such acts stand against our race.
When the upper fort was being built and made secure to hold prisoners, Martines Vro- man and Lawrence Mattice, both boys, asked the privilege of Captain Hager, to bring one of the Cryslers as the first prisoner to the fort. Hager was fearful they would prove too weak to be successful and proffered aid, but they de- clined and reached the Crysler house about an hour before day. Creeping slyly within a few rods of the door they waited patiently for some member of the family to make their appearance. Soon Mrs. Crysler walked out and looked around as if to prophesy the weather, and was about to close the kitchen door, when the scouts rushed in with muskets cocked and demanded Baltus Crysler to surrender or they would shoot him. Seeing they were determined, he com- plied and was taken to the upper fort as the first prisoner incarcerated there, Hewas after- wards taken to Albany with several of his neigh- bors who gave "aid and comfort to the ene- my."-[A. L. M.]
When Bartholomew Vroman and brother Jo- sias were taken prisoners from Vromansland, the former was but twelve years of age and the latter six. When they arrived upon the Dela- ware, the prisoners and Tories who left the val- ley, numbered about sixty and until there had marched together, without order, but mixed up promiscuously. They were then separated, by requiring the Tories to sit upon a fallen tree together, and the patriots to stand opposite. Bartholomew whispered to his brother and told him they had better go and sit upon the log as Tories, and perhaps they would be passed over, as such, and escape ill treatment. They did so and undoubtedly began to feel secure, when one of their neighbors in whom the patriots had re- posed confidence as a brother in the cause, came behind them and pushed them off exclaim- ing, "What are you doing here you damned Rebels ?" They were rudely handled and sent into the patriots' row .- [Ephriam B. Vroman.]
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