USA > New York > Madison County > Our county and its people : a descriptive and biographical record of Madison County, New York > Part 56
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544
OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.
New Berlin. The village took its name from the pioneer Reuben Leon- ard, the first merchant and postmaster and a leading citizen. The vil- lage now contains a Seventh-Day Baptist Church, a Methodist Church, a Union School, one hotel, kept by W. L. Switzer, the grist mill of B. C. Steer, the saw mill and lumber business of A. Whitford, several stores, three blacksmith shops, four wagon shops, a shoe shop, a can- ning factory, a milk station, etc. Early merchants following Reuben Leonard were Ethan Burdick, David and Charles O. Munson, Otis Eddy, James Van Valen, William H. Brand, Dennis Hardin, Daniel Hardin, Charles R. Maxson, and possibly a few others. The merchants of the present are Irving A. Crandall, a native of the town who bought out Daniel Hardin in 1867; E. Frank Champlain, drugs and groceries; W. W. Coon, groceries; O. O. Saunders, general store; W. D. Crandall, hardware; G. H. St. John, cold storage and shipper of produce; Arvilla Burdick, millinery; E. L. Worden, furniture and undertaking; Elmer Ellsworth, meats and buyer of produce.
There is a milk station at the depot of the Unadilla Valley railroad, from which forty to one hundred cans of milk are shipped daily and cheese is extensively manufactured.
In past years Leonardsville was the site of a number of important in- dustries. The manufacture of hoes and scythes was begun about 1808- 09 by Hazzard P. Clarke, who continued to 1820 and sold to Samuel Brand; he continued to about 1848 and sold to his son, Nathan V. Brand. The firm of Nathan Brand & Co. in 1852 transferred the works to the Leonardsville Manufacturing Company, which also acquired the grist mill and saw mill, then owned by Luke and Thomas Hoxie, a horse rake factory and wagon shop, then operated by John Babcock & Co., a foundry and machine shop, then operated M. W. & H. C. St. John, all of whom combined to form the new company. The whole was under superintendence of Washington S. Greene; the company continued un- til 1858, when it was dissolved and the several industries were con- ducted separately, the manufacture of agricultural implements being discontinued. In 1856 the grist mill, saw mill and agricultural imple- ment manufactory were burned, and all were soon rebuilt. A grist mill was built in 1802 a mile above the site of the one above named by Joseph Crumb and Stephen Clark; the history of this mill has been given in an earlier chapter. It is now operated by B. Steers. The saw mill adjacent thereto was built in 1856 on the site of the one burned that year and is now operated by Albert Whitford. The horse rake
545
GAZETTEER OF TOWNS-BROOKFIELD.
factory passed to Erastus E. Greene, is now the property of H. D. Bab- cock, who makes agricultural implements, mainly on contract. The old fork factory passed to the widow of M. W. St. John, the making of forks was discontinued; it was used as a foundry and machine shop, and added to the plant of the agricultural works.
In 1891 a company was formed called the Otsego Furnace Company, for the manufacture of the so-called Otsego furnace. Among those in- terested in the project were H. D. Babcock, G. O. Wheeler, I. A. Crandall, A. W. Daggett, and G. C. Rogers. The financial revulsion of 1893 contributed largely to the failure of this enterprise, which other- wise might have been a source of prosperity to the village. A reor- ganization of the company is a future possibility.
In 1894 the Leonardsville Canning Company was organized and erected a building near the railroad station in which was placed modern canning machinery. Fifty or sixty hands are employed in the season in canning corn.
The blacksmiths of the village are E. Quinn, C. K. Burdick, and A. Meaker. The wagon makers are C. H. Williamson, C. K. Burdick, W. H. Burdick, A. Markel, and I. Parks. Oscar L. Southworth is the only physician in the village. Henry M. Aylesworth has practiced law many years, and Adon P. Brown is also in practice. The present post- master is I. A. Crandall, who succeeded O. Tully.
The Leonardsville Bank was established in 1856 and became the First National Bank of Leonardsville; it was subsequently merged in the Ilion National Bank. Dennis Hardin, who had been cashier, then established a private bank which he conducted until his death in 1873.
The Leonardsville Union School comprises the joint districts of the towns of Brookfield and of Plainfield in Otsego county; it was organ- ized in 1875 and is fully described in Chapter XXIV. The present Board of Education are Irving A. Crandall, president; Almeron M. Coon, secretary ; E. Frank Champlin, treasurer; and Dr. O. L. South- worth, H. M. Aylesworth, and Arthur S. Hoxie. The principal is Arthur T. Hamilton.
North Brookfield. - This is a small village in the northwest part of the town, a mile east of the railroad station of the same name. Samuel Marsh opened a store there in 1804 about a mile and a half southeast of the village, but failed in business. Samuel Livermore was the first merchant on the village site, beginning about 1809, and was succeeded by a man named Mills. Laban Olby, a colored man, kept a grocery
35
546
OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.
from 1815 to about 1844. Other merchants were Isaac Marsh, J. V. R. Livermore, Lucius E. Beebe, S. A. Fitch, Dr. Lewis A. Van Wagner, and E. C. Bennett. The present merchants are W. Squires and Hib- bard & York.
The only physician practicing there is Dr. Gilbert Birdsall. Dr. L. A. Van Wagner removed to Sherburne.
The grist mill was built in 1860 by Timothy H. Peck and in 1879 it passed to Hiram Collins; it is now operated by Orvillo Kling. Wagon manufacturing was formerly an extensive industry, but has greatly declined. Avery Brothers are now engaged in the business in a small way.
The hotel was built about 1844 by Laban Olby, who kept it five or six years; it has had numerous landlords and is now kept by Sherman Faulkner.
There is a shoe shop by James Humphrey, two blacksmiths, John Gray and Albert Morgan, two wagon shops besides that of Avery Brothers; a cheese factory formerly owned by Henry Keith and now by I. A. Wager.
South Brookfield .- This is a hamlet situated five miles south of Clark- ville on Beaver creek. It was formerly widely known as Babcock's Mills. It contains a Union church, the pulpit being supplied; a grist mill on the site of one built in the early history of the town, now oper- ated by Corry Maxson; a creamery, established in 1879 by Abel Avery, now operated by Mr. Sargent; a blacksmith shop by George Ayles- worth; a general store formerly by Henry Brown, now by Frank Hunt- ington, who is also postmaster. There was in past years some manu- facturing here. George W. Bentley had a large furniture factory, the neighboring forests supplying good hard wood for the purpose and a saw mill cutting the lumber.
De Lancy .- This is a name applied to a post-office and little settle- ment in the west part of the town, where there was a gathering of Quakers. In early times there were a number of the ordinary shops and a store. All these, as well as the post-office, have gone out of existence.
The village of West Edmeston is situated mostly in the town of Ed- meston, Otsego county. A grist and saw mill are in Madison county and have long been owned by Truman Maxson; the remainder of the business interests, consisting principally of two stores kept by Orson Champlain and Albert Felton respectively; a hotel, blacksmith shop and wagon shop, are outside of this county.
547
GAZETTEER OF TOWNS-CAZENOVIA.
The Town of Cazenovia.
Cazenovia is one of the five towns that were organized previous to the erection of Madison. It was formed from Whitestown and Paris on March 5, 1795, and was originally of very large area, containing the territory of what are now the towns of Georgetown, German, Linck- laen, Otselic and Pitcher, taken off in 1798; Sullivan, then includ- ing Lenox, taken off in 1803; Smithfield in 1807, and a part of Fenner in 1823. The town is on the west border of the county and is bounded on the north by Sullivan, east by Fenner and Nelson, south by De Ruyter, and west by Onondaga county. The surface is high and rolling, through which extend the valleys of the Chittenango and Limestone creeks. Cazenovia Lake is a beautiful body of water in the north part, four miles long and from half a mile to a mile in width. Chittenango Falls is a picturesque cascade on that creek where the water falls 136 feet. The soil is gravelly loam in the north and central parts, and clay loam underlaid with hardpan in the southern part. Most of the town is underlaid with the rocks of the Hamilton group, with the Onondaga limestone appearing in the northeast part, where it has been extensively quarried for lime and building purposes.
There are three post-offices in the town of Cazenovia, one at Caze- novia village, one at New Woodstock, and one at Chittenango Falls. The population of Cazenovia village was 1,918 in 1880, and in 1890 it was 1,987, showing a small increase.
Cazenovia village is beautifully situated on Chittenango Creek and at the foot on the east shore of the lake which bears the same name. It is located a little northeast of the center of the town and is a station on both railroads named below, giving it connection with Canastota, with Syracuse, and with Cortland and Elmira. The village was incorporated on February 7, 1810, the first corporation meeting being held on May 10 of that year at the house of Eliphalet S. Jackson. Elisha Farnham, a justice of the peace, presided, and A. D. Van Horne acted as clerk. The following were elected the first officers: Elisha Farnham, P. G. Childs, Jonas Fay, E. S. Jackson, and Samuel Thomas, trustees; J. N. M. Hurd, treasurer; Jacob A. Dana, bailiff and collector. Jonas Fay was chosen the first president of the village, and Caleb Ledyard, clerk.
Following is a statement of the population of this town as shown by the census taken at different dates :
1835. 1840. 1845.
1850.
1855.
1860.
1865.
1875. 1880.
1890. 1892.
4,647 4,153
4,675
4,812 4,495
4,343
4,157
1870. 4,265
4,240
4,363
4,182
3,803
548
OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.
These figures, like the record in most rural towns in the State, show a small decrease in population, the causes of which are now well under- stood.
The chief agricultural interest of the town at the present time is dairying in its various features. Much of the land is well adapted for grazing and the production of hay, large quantities of which are shipped to distant markets. Along the lines of railroad are a number of milk stations, and a large part of the milk produced is taken to them, for shipment to New York and other points. Cheese and butter are also manufactured at these stations from the surplus milk. Hops, the great staple of this county, have been raised in past years in Cazenovia, but not so largely as in many other towns, especially in recent years. The various grains and vegetables are produced for home consumption and to a limited extent for outside sale.
The first records for this town that are in existence are for the year 1804, when the following officers were elected: Supervisor, James Green; town clerk, Eliphalet S. Jackson; assessors, Ebenezer Lyon, Oliver Bugbee, and Asa Dana; commissioners of highways, Isaac Morse, Asahel Jackson, Asa Dana; collector, Elisha Williams.
At that meeting it was voted that the clerk should procure books for the use of the town, and twenty dollars was appropriated for the pur- pose. The clerk was also directed to transcribe from the old books such matter as he deemed advisable. It is probable that he did not do so, as the existing book, as before stated, begins with 1804. The pro- ceedings of the first meeting of which there is a record are given in earlier chapters.
Following is a list of supervisors of Cazenovia from 1806 to the pres- ent time:
1807, Lemuel Kingsley ; 1808-11, Eliphalet Jackson ; 1812-13, Samuel S. Forman; 1814, E. S. Jackson ; 1815, A. D. Van Horne; 1816, Samuel Thomas; 1817, William Sims; 1818-24, E. S. Jackson; 1825-28, Samuel Thomas; 1829-31, Newell Wright; 1832-33, Elihu Severance; 1834-38, John F. Hicks; 1839-45, Talcott Backus; 1846-50, Albert Card ; 1851-52, Charles Stebbins; 1853-54, Lewis Raynor; 1855, John C. Loomis; 1856, Albert Card; 1857, John F. Fairchild; 1858-59, John Stebbins; 1860 62. Silas L. Loomis; 1863, D. E. Haskell; 1864-66, C. H. Beckwith; 1867, Charles Stebbins, jr .; 1868-69, Silas L. Loomis; 1870, Charles Steb- bins, jr. ; 1871-72, Marcus L. Underwood; 1873-78, Willard A. Crandall; 1879-81, J. Harvey Nourse; 1882-83, John Stebbins; 1884-91, William C. Sherman ; 1892-97, Chauncey B. Cook.
549
GAZETTEER OF TOWNS-CAZENOVIA.
According to the State census of 1892 Cazenovia town has a popula- tion of 3,803. The census of 1890 gives the number as 4,182, showing a loss of nearly 200 during the preceding decade. The town is divided into fifteen school districts, with school houses in each, in which were employed in 1897 twenty-four teachers; all the schools are flourishing and notably well conducted. The whole number of children taught in 1897 was 718.
The Chenango Valley branch of the West Shore Railroad crosses Cazenovia from northwest to southeast, and the branch of the Lehigh Valley road which was formerly the Cazenovia and Canastota Railroad, crosses the town in a southerly direction, the two forming a junction about a mile south of Cazenovia village. This branch was extended to De Ruyter in 1877 and subsequently continued on to Cortland, Ithaca, and Elmira. The town was bonded in aid of this road to the amount of $160,000. The present bonded indebtedness is $111,000.
That part of Cazenovia included within the Gore, which was more than one-half in the southern part, was comprised in the purchase made by the Holland Land Company of about 120,000 acres, through the agency of John Lincklaen, in 1792-3. Mr. Lincklaen procured the sur- vey of the Road Township (so called from the fact that the proceeds of the sale of lands therein were to be applied to the construction of roads), and in 1794 built mills near the site of Cazenovia village. Other settlers in the town in 1793 were Archibald Bates, Day Fay, William Miles, Noah Taylor, Isaac Nichols, Ira Peck, Nathan Webb, Shubael Brooks, Samuel Tyler, and one Augur. In the next year David Smith and Lewis Stanley settled in the town and were soon followed by Jonathan Smith, brother of David, William Sims, Isaac Morse, Chandler Webber, Abraham Tillotson, Walter Childs, Jacob Ten Eyck, Jeduthan Perkins, Francis Norton, James Covell, Hendrick De Clercq (from Holland), Levi Burgess, Joseph Holmes, Caleb Van Riper, Edward Parker, Phin- eas Southwell, Robert Fisher, Isaac Warren, John Savage, Samuel Thomas, Deacon Isaiah Dean, William Moore, Christopher Webb, Eben- ezer Knowlton, all of whom settled before or in the year of the forma- tion of Madison county, locating in various parts of the town. After that date settlement was very rapid, many of the incomers being noticed in earlier chapters and in Part III of this work.
The first merchant in the village of Cazenovia was Samuel S. Forman, who came to the place in the employ of John Lincklaen in 1793, in the interest of the Holland Land Company. The store was for a time car-
550
OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.
ried on by Mr. Forman with Mr. Lincklaen, representing the company as a partner. Mr. Forman subsequently took the business alone.
Other early merchants were Jabish N. M. Hurd, who came about 1800; Jesse Kilborn, William M. and JosephBurr, Benjamin T. Clarke, E. B. and E. D. Litchfield, brothers; William Greenland and his son, William S .; William Mills, Charles Crandall and Frank Moseley who formed a partnership and conducted a bookstore from 1834; John C. Reymon, L. G. Wells, Henry Groff, John Hobbie, and others. The business of L. G. Wells was transferred in 1878 to his sons, Dwight W. and Ed- ward G., and is now conducted by the latter. George Morse, dealer in drugs, began business in 1847 with John F. Irons and purchased his partner's interest two years later; the firm is now George Morse & Son. Ebenezer Knowlton began the jewelry business about 1848 and con- tinued more than thirty years; the business is now carried on by C. M. Knowlton. E. A. Blair purchased the harness and saddlery business of T. S. Whitnall in 1863 and continues to the present time; Bowman Stanley, grocer, started in 1863 in company with his brother, Benjamin F .; Tillotson & Nichols, who succeeded J. D. Beach about 1861 in a general store; H. B. Thomas, a pioneer and early harness maker; Jesse W. Hall, groceries, etc., who sold out in 1869 to David P. and James C. Dean; Will H. Cruttenden, jeweler, began in 1870; Nichols & Covell, clothiers, began in 1871; Colton & Webber, hardware, began trade in 1877, succeeding Colton, Johnson & Co .; Wells Bros., general mer- chants since 1872; J. W. T. and William Rice, druggists, began in 1873; Henry A. Rouse, general merchant; Samuel T. Jackson, hats and caps, commenced in 1877, with his cousin, Frank E. Jackson, and others who have been noticed in the earlier town history.
The present merchants and business men of Cazenovia village are as follows: E. G. Wells, furniture and undertaking; H. B. Thomas, har- ness and trunks; Curtis Brothers, drugs; George Morse & Son, drugs; J. W. Howson, coal dealer; F. E. Wilson, baker; G. H. Atwell & Son, flour and feed; Mrs. F. D. Holdridge, and Mrs. L. M. White, millinery ; Marshall & Bumpus, Aikman & Norton, Driscoll & Marshall, and H. H. Colton, hardware; Holdridge & De Clercq, musical instruments; S. B. Allen, news room and cigars; William Watkins, and H. F. Green- land, books and stationery ; Charles R. Parkinson, bakery; W. W. Rice, drugs; W. S. Greenland & Son, merchant tailors; J. W. Hall, jeweler; H. N. Clark, jeweler; F. C. Phelps, general store; H. H. Hamilton, meats; W. W. Rainey, harness; R. A. Niles & Co., clothing; E. L.
551
GAZETTEER OF TOWNS-CAZENOVIA.
Riggall, meats; F. E. Richardson, grocer; C. W. Covell, boots, shoes, clothing, etc .; B. Vollmer, general store; D. S. Reidy, harness; Nichols & Loomis, general merchants; J. D. Warner, meats; H. A. Rouse estate, general store (managed by C. H. Rouse); Tillotson & Needham, house furnishings; Wells Brothers, dry goods and groceries; P. H. Donnelly, groceries; Clark & Mulligan, dry goods and general mer- chandise; Enright & Barrett, furniture and undertaking; Jackson Brothers, meats; John Wilson, ice.
The early manufactures established on the water power of Cazeno- via comprised the trip hammer forge of Luther Bunnell, established as early as 1811; Nehemiah White's chair shop; a woolen mill built by John Lincklaen and Elisha Starr, which soon passed to Matthew Chan- dler & Son; a tannery started by Thomas Williams and his son, John, which was sold to R. & R. G. Allen; the saw mill of David B. Johnson ; the fulling mill of Sidney Roberts; a tannery established by Elisha Farnham; the Cazenovia paper mill built about 1810 by Zadock Sweet- land, which was burned in 1859 and rebuilt; the Cedar Grove woolen mill; the Fern Dell mills, originally built for a woolen mill, but not used for that purpose; the Crawford mower and reaper works, removed from Ilion in 1875; the Lake Mills, built by Dr. Jonas Fay in an early time; an oil mill operated by Edward Knowlton; a saw and planing mill operated by S. F. Chaphe and Reuben Parsons, all of which have been fully described.
The present manufactures of Cazenovia consist of the carriage shop of J. H. O'Neil; the establishment of the Cazenovia Wool and Felt company, employing several men; the sash, door and blind factory of T. W. Thayer & Co .; Albert Chaphe's flouring mill; the foundry and machine shop of Marshall & Card; the planing mill established by S. F. Chaphe, recently partially burned and rebuilt; blacksmith shops of P. H. Calhoun, Charles Bordwell, Martin McCabe and Barney Oiley ; and the Brooklyn Creamery.
A private banking business was established by J. H. Ten Eyck Burr in 1880, and is still in prosperous existence.
The village has three hotels-the Lincklaen house, built in 1835, now conducted by Walter H. Young; the Cazenovia House, built many years ago, now conducted by Charles E. Pratt; and the Stanton House, for- merly until 1879 the Lake House, conducted by C. M. Stanton.
The Cazenovia Republican is an able country weekly newswaper, es- tablished in 1854 by W. H. Phillips, and now conducted by J. A. Loy- ster, who purchased the establishment in 1890.
552
OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.
There are five churches in Cazenovia, as follows: Presbyterian, founded in 1798, with Rev. Joshua Leonard the first pastor; the church was built in 1806 and extensively repaired in 1834. Present pastor, S. E. Persons. The Methodist church, formed as part of the Cortland Circuit in 1816, and incorporated in 1830; first meeting house erected in 1833, and the present one in 1873. The Baptist church, built in 1817, organized in 1820; church extensively repaired in 1868, burned in 1871, and rebuilt of brick in 1871 at a cost of $15,200; completed in 1880. St. Peter's Episcopal Church, organized 1844 and incorpor- ated 1845; church erected in 1848. St. James's Catholic Church, or- ganized 1849 by Rev. Michael Hayes; brick church erected in 1849-52. The Universalist church was organized in 1853, and after many years of somewhat feeble existence, declined and ceased to exist.
Cazenovia is the seat of the well known seminary, which has had an existence of about seventy-five years and is fully described in Chap- ter XXIV of this work. In the same chapter will be found an account of the Union school of the village, which was established in 1874.
The first physician to settle in the village was Dr. Isaac Lyman, who continued in practice from 1799 until his death in 1854. Dr. Theo- philus Wilson settled in the village in 1814, and Dr. Jonathan Silsby in about. 1816, about which time Dr. David Mitchell located in the place.
The first lawyers in the village were Schuyler Van Rensselaer and Samuel Sidney Breese, who settled there before the close of the last century; Van Rensselaer remained only a short time. David Dearborn, David B. Johnson, and possibly others who remained only for brief periods, settled in the village during the first decade of this century. Perry G. Childs located in the village about 1807, and was prominent in the profession. Charles Stebbins was a settler in 1810, and Justin Dwinelle and William J. Hough a little later. Later lawyers were Charles H. S. Williams, Levi Gibbs, Sidney T. Fairchild, Calvin Car- penter, Richard Thomas and Robert G. Paddock. The present attor- neys in the village are Burr Wendell, M. H. Kiley, and A. E. Fitch.
The post-office at Cazenovia was probably established and main- tained by John Lincklaen at his personal expense until there was sufficient revenue to support it. Records of its early history are wanting. It was kept for a time in Mr. Forman's store and in that of his successor, J. N. M. Hurd, who was postmaster until 1821, when he was succeeded by Jesse Kilborn, who held the office nineteen years.
553
GAZETTEER OF TOWNS-CAZENOVIA.
The first fire engine in Cazenovia was purchased in 1810 at a cost of $100, and a company was organized the same year consisting of twelve members. The usual village regulations regarding the keeping of fire buckets by citizens were adopted, and as years passed the apparatus was slowly increased. The first hooks and ladders were purchased in 1827 at a cost of $20. Old companies were from to time disbanded and new ones organized as fully described in earlier chapters. Previous to the establishment of the present water works, there were two engine companies and a hose company maintained in the village, with ade- quate auxiliary apparatus. The department as now existing, estab- lished in 1893, comprises two hose companies and a hook and ladder company, with adequate apparatus for fire purposes. Alarms are sounded on the bell of the Baptist church by push buttons in different parts of the village, through electrical connections.
The Cazenovia water works were established in 1890, and up to the present have cost about $42,000. A reservoir has been constructed with capacity of 8,000,000 gallons, elevated 178 feet above the lake. This is fed by springs and by a pumping station, with capacity of 280,- 000 gallons a day, taken from driven wells, The water is pure and am- ply supplied for public purposes.
Cazenovia village supports an excellent public library containing about 5,000 volumes. It was formerly maintained by private subscrip- tions. The building in which it is located was given to the authorities by R. H. Hubbard.
New Woodstock .- This is a pleasantly situated village in the south part of the town, and a station on the Lehigh railroad. Early merchants there were Harvey and Alvin Smith, brothers, who were in trade from about 1816 to 1830, and also operated a distillery. Joseph F. Clark was contemporary with the Smiths. Jesse B. Worden was an early mer- chant, and Harvey Morris opened a store about 1834.
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